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Chemistry

This document outlines the topic of biodegradable plastics. It discusses the types of biodegradable plastics including bio-based plastics like polylactic acid (PLA) made from corn starch, cellulose-based plastics made from trees, and lignin-based polymer composites made from wood byproducts. It also covers the advantages and disadvantages as well as applications of these different biodegradable plastic materials.

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38 views

Chemistry

This document outlines the topic of biodegradable plastics. It discusses the types of biodegradable plastics including bio-based plastics like polylactic acid (PLA) made from corn starch, cellulose-based plastics made from trees, and lignin-based polymer composites made from wood byproducts. It also covers the advantages and disadvantages as well as applications of these different biodegradable plastic materials.

Uploaded by

Lockdown hcr 2
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Topic Outline

1- INTRODUCTION 2- BIODEGRADABLE
PLASTICS

3- TYPES OF 4- ADVANTAGES,
BIODEGRADABLE DISADVANTAGES,
PLASTIC AND APPLICATION
Introduction
Submitted By- Abhilash Singh
Class- VIII-B
Roll No- 2
Submitted To- Neha Mam
Topic- Biodegradable Plastics

Biodegradable Plastic
1- Biodegradable plastics are plastics that
can be decomposed by the action of living
organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon
dioxide, and biomass.

2- Biodegradable plastics are commonly


produced with renewable raw materials,
micro-organisms, petrochemicals, or
combinations of all three.
Types of Biodegradable Plastic
There are 3 main types of Biodegradable

Plastic-
1- Bio-based Plastic

2- Cellulose-based Plastic

3- Lignin-based Polymer Composites


Bio-Based Plastic
Bio-based plastics are fully or partially
made from biological resources, rather
than fossil raw materials.

They are not necessarily compostable or


biodegradable. It can either be made by
extracting sugar from plants like corn and
sugarcane to convert into polylactic acids
(PLAs)
Polylactic Acid (PLA)
1- Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bio-based biodegradable
polymer that can be produced from renewable
resources including starch from corn and potatoes,
sugar from beets and sugar cane.

2- It is compostable but not biodegradable says


American and European standards because it does
not biodegrade outside of artificial composting
conditions.
Starch Blends
1- Starch blends is a bio-based plastic and are
thermoplastic polymers produced by blending
starch with plasticizers.

2- While all starches are biodegradable but not


all plasticizers are. Thus, The biodegradability of
plasticizers determines the biodegradability of
starch blend.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Bio- Based Plastic
Advantages- The often-cited advantages of bioplastic are
reduced use of fossil fuel resources, a smaller carbon
footprint, and faster decomposition. Bioplastic is also less
toxic and does not contain bisphenol A (BPA), a hormone
disrupter that is often found in traditional plastics.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Bio- Based Plastic
Disadvantages- Growing demand for bioplastics creates
competition for food sources, contributing to the global
food crisis.

Applications- Bioplastic packaging options include bags


for compost, agricultural foils, horticultural products,
nursery products, toys and textiles.
Cellulose-Based Plastic
Cellulose plastics are bioplastics manufactured
using cellulose or derivatives of cellulose. Cellulose
plastics are manufactured using softwood trees as
the basic raw material. Cellulose can become
thermoplastic when extensively modified. Cellulose
acetate in background is a good example of it.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Cellulose-based Plastic

Advantages- Since this plastic is manufactured from


biodegradable raw material, it's safe for the environment and
can be reused, recycled, and renewed.
Disdvantages- There is no disadvantages of cellulose based
plastic on enviroment as it is made from natural raw material
cellulose which is biodegradable by microorganism.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Cellulose-based Plastic
Applications- Major applications for cellulose plastics
include thermoplastics, extruded films, eyeglass frames,
electronics, sheets, rods, etc.
Lignin-based Polymer Composites
Lignin-based Polymer Composites are bio-
renewable natural aromatic polymers with
biodegradable properties.

Lignin is found as a by product of


polysaccharide extraction form plant material
from production of paper, ethanal and more.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Lignin-based Polymer Plastic
Advantages-Lignin exhibited numerous advantages such as
plentiful functional groups, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and
high carbon content, which can be transformed into composites
and carbon materials.
Disdvantages- The pitfall is that this needs high-purity lignin.
All impurities such as polysaccharides, salts, water and other
volatiles have to be removed first.
Advantages, Disadvantages and
Applications of Lignin-based Polyemr Plastic

Applications- Lignin has a number of industrial uses as a


binder for particleboard and similar laminated or composite
wood products, as a soil conditioner, as a battery.
Do you Know?
50 Million Tons of Lignin is
created by Chemical Pulp
industries every year.

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