LACT 'NSCP COEFFICIENTS FOR CONTINUOUS BEAMS AND SLABS Section 4084 of NSCP states that in lew of fame anayss. the folowing approcinate moment and searsare pete for design of eontinuous beams e-way slide (alas enforced to reat exiral stresses in only one dneton, provided (a) There are twoor more spans (8). Spans are approsimatly al wi pester than the shorter by move (@) toads are unr striate, (a) Unitive doesnt exoed three tines nit dead aod and (@)_ Members are prismate 20 percent, Discootinuous end uncestrnined ila 11 Discontinuous end intra wth sppormoe—owL!/ 4 Interiespsnn n imme 9 Negative moment at exter face offs interior support “Two pans Negative moment at other aces of iterior supports Suppor for members bul tera with supports ihre pt apnea shear in end members at face of Fest interor support — LS wobyyt ‘Shear t fae ofall other supports eames)? ‘Where Le lear spn for posite moment or shear and aerags atacegrtage spans for negative moment. IGURE CODE-002 595. Reinforced concrete members/Subjected to Nexure ‘shall be ‘designed to have adequate. sinest to Iimit-dellections. Ot any ‘deformations that affect strength oF serviceability of 2 structure sversely, 5.952 One-way Constrftion (Nonprestrebsed) 5952.1 Minimusfiekness Stipulated in Table 5.952) Shall apply for one-way construction not supporting or attached to partitions oF ‘other consttetion likely toibe damaged by lange deNectons, unless Computation of deflection indicates lesser thickness ean Be Used, ‘without adverse effects PCT ‘Shear (2001 NSCP) 5.11.3 Shear Strength Provided by Concrete for Non- prestressing Members 5.11.3.1 Shear strength Ve shall be computed by provisions of Sec S113. through 5.11314, unless a more detailed calculation is, sade n accordance with Sec. 5.11.32. 5.11.3.1.1 For members subject t shear and flexure only, ana) ary Quantiyy A. / Ay shale expressed in MP2 5.118.1.3 Fortiembet Subject to signfiataialfension, shear slnforcementshal be designed to carry total shear 5.A1.3.146 At sections where factOned torsional moment WY exceeds fs, (Fire) (ose 7 hY{25c, {e505 5.41:8.2 Shear strengt Ve mA be computed by the more detailed caleulation oFSee:5113.2,T through 5113.23, ve ans) 5.11.3.2. For mombprs subject to shear and flexure only, Veal (P120n. Yt] a6) but noplreater than 0:3 [Fw d. Quantity Vs €/Ma shall not be taka greater than 1.0 in computing V. by Ea. (11-6), where My is factored moment occurring simultaneously with Vy at seetion considered. 5.11.3.2.2 For members subject axial compression, Eq, (11-6) may. be used to compute V. witn Ma substituted for M, and Vs d/M, not then limited to 1.0, where ‘anus £o5.4)- Annum ruydlaess onbon rBucrnessen ans nto an) ibs Way Was tha Cue ts ARB a 3 a However. Val nt be ake geste than ee a hee: [espe Fest [espa] osha ne aa Members nit wiporting afattached to partitions ‘ crise cnet easter Aunty fsa be expe in MPa When Ms computed hy ee ‘Eq. (11-7) is negative, V;, shall be computed by Eq. (11-8). ao iia ‘WA20. Laat 1/28 4/10 5.11.3.2.3 For members subject to significant axial tension, vemsaee [ore | uses pum | we | x as) + Span length Lisin miimeters Values gven shall be used directly for members with normal density concrete (w= 2300 kg/m) and grade 415 reinforcement For oer onaitions, the values Sha be modifle as follows! {@) For structural lightweight concrete having unit weights in the ange 1500-2000 kg/m, the values shall be multiplied by (1.65 1.0003 w.} but not ess than 1.09, where we isthe unit mass in gyms (0) Fort other than 415 MPa, the values shall be multiplied by (046; /700). GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2016 where Ns negative for tension. Quantity N/A shall be expressed in MPa, Circular Members For circular members, the area used to compute V, shall be taken a5 the product of the diameter and effective depth of the concrete section. It shall be permitted to take the effective depth as 08 times the diameter ofthe concrete section, Page!PTT LY Shear (2010/2015 NSCP) 411.4, Shear Strength Provided by Concrete for Non-prestressing Members Circular Members For circular members the area used to compute Vs shall be taken as the productof the diameter and effective depth ofthe concrete section Itshall be permitted to take the effective depth as 08 times the diameter of the 411.4. Simplified Calculation: Shoae strength Ve shall he computed by provsions of See. 5.111] trough 51314, unless a more detailed faleulation s made in accordance with Se 5.11.32. 41.4.1. For members subject to shear and exure only, = 017 24F, bed (13) 411.4.12 Formembers subject to axial compression, any (Quantity Ns /Ashall be expressed in MPa 4114.13 For mombers subject to significant axial tension, shear Feinforeement shall he clesigned to carry total shear. 411.42 Detailed Calculation: Shear strength Vemay becomputed bythe ‘more detalled calculation of Sec. 5.11.32] through 5.11.3.23, 411.4.2.1 For members subject to shear and flexure only, [[ove. 4) eg abe) but not greater than 0.29 /F, bw a. Quantity VEaYBRFShall not be taken {greater than 10 in computing Ve by Eqy(11-6). wire MOMs factored moment occurring simultaneously with Wat section considered 411.4.22 For members subject tn,a¥ialcompFession FG (11-6) maybe used to compute V. with Mr substituted for Mojnd\Ve d/M not then Timited to 1.0, were 1-2 However V. share ake rater, ILAIE Yo ag vas rane ‘QuantiyN./Ay shal be express in MPa. When Ms computd by Eq. (11-7) isnegative, V ghall bécomputed by Eq. (11-8). 411.4.23 For members subjdetzo significant axialfénsion, Fifa where Ne is negative for fistome Quality Ns MPa, 411.3 Lightweight concrete 0290, ay Vee o7 (1 ars) A, shall be expressed in 411.3.1 Provisions for shear strength apply to normal weight concrete. When lightweight aggregate concrete Is used, one of the following ‘modiieations shall apply 4113.1. When ais no specie al values of YF lectin Voy and Me shall be multiplied by a modification Factor A where As 0.75 forall Tightweight concrete and. 0.85 for sand-lightwelghe conerete. Linear interpolation between O85 and 1.0 shall be permitted on the basis of Volumetric fractions, for’ concrete containing ‘normal weight fine GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2016 aggregate and a blend of lightweight angregates For normal weight concrete, and normal weight coarse . average spliting tensile strength olightweight concrete, Pais specified, “1/056 YF. #0 1. Threshold torsion: For Noppresire8sed members, it shall be permitted to neglect tors effects Ifthe faegored torsional moment ‘Toss less than 2 Torsional moment’strength: The adeduacy of solid seetionsynder combined shear and torsion shall be such that May (te eof 42 my 7A.) “®\b.d°3 Whore Taexceeds the th¥shold torsion design of eross-setion shall be hgsed om oleate Tye PAM coro were A. shall Beldetermined by analysis except that it shall be Permitted to take Ag equal to O85A; 8 shall not be taken smaller han 30 degrees naplarger than 60 degrees. It shall be permitted to take @ equa to: {8)\45 degrees for nonprestressed members or members with less prestress than in (oF (0/3755 doprees for prestressed members with an effective Drestress force not less than 40 percent of the tensile strength ofthe longitudinal reinforcement. A. Theadaltional area oftongitudinalreinforcementto resist torsion, A shall no be less than: neon 5. Minimum torsion reinforcement: Where torsional reinforcement 's required, the minimum area of transverse closed stirrups shall be computed by: bs fe but shall not beless than (0.35by')/fs Ace 2h 0062 6 Where torsional reinforcement is required, the minimum total area oflongitudinal torsional reinforcement, An, shall be computed by: where Ay fs shall not be taken less than (1/6) bw fe herefers to Closed transverse torsional reinforcement, and) refers to Fongituinal torsional reinforcoment. 7. Spacing of torsion reinforcement: The spacing of transverse torsion reinforcement shall not exceed the smaller of py /@ or 300 Page?‘The longitudinal reinforcement required for torsion shall be distributed around the perimeter of the closed stirrups with a ‘maximum spacing of 300 mm, The longitudinal bars or tendons shall bo inside the stirrups, There shall be atleast one longitudinal bar oF tendon in each corner ofthe stirrups: Longitudinal bars shall ave a iameter atleast 0.042 times the stirup spacing, but not less than a No, 10, Where [Ay -area enclosed by outside perimeter of concrete crass section, mm? [NY otal area of longitudinal reinforcement to resist torsion, mn ‘As gross area enclosed by shear flow path, mm= ‘Aa -area enclosed by centerline of the outermost closed transverse torsional reinforcement, mn? ‘Ac area of one eg of closed stierup resisting torsion with fy. speciied yield strength fof transverse reinforcement, MPa Pep -outside perimeter of concrete erass section, mm, Ps -perimeter of centerline of outermost closed transverse torsional reinforcement, mm spacing s, FIGUR' pT 5.21.4 Special Provisions for Seismic Design 5.21.44 Transverse Reinforcement 5.21.4.4.1 Transverse reinforcement as specified below shall be pros unless large amounts required by See- 5.217. (1) The volumetric ratio of spiral or circular hoop reipfteement, shall not be less than that indicated by p= O42 Fe / fn ad ‘and shall not e ess than =04s( 41 meee 105 (2) Te total eross sectional aféaofreefingularhoop reinforcement ‘shall no be less than tha sven by aa 214 @) ThansversestEinforeenieht spall Be provided by either sing eGr ‘overlapping hoops. Crosses ofthe ame bar size and spacing as the hoop may be wsed,-Bach end ol the crosstie shall efgage a peripheral longitudinil reinforcing bar, Consecutive crossties Shall be alternated, end for end ong ‘the/longitudinal Felnforcement| (41rd gesig strength dtmembedeoresatges the requirement of the speited loading combinatfons ining earthquake ee, By 21-Ipand (10-5) ned no be sated 5.21.4.4.2 Transverse Yeinforcement shall be spaced at distance not faceeding (a) one-quarter of tyemisiinum member dimension, (b) six times the diameter of ongitadinal reinforcement, and (c) as defined by Ey 25 380-h, 00 + $50 215 3 The value of s shall not exceed 150 mm and need not be taken less than 4100 mm. Where: ‘Aa-=cross-setional area ofa structural member measured out-10- ‘uc transverse reinforcement, mn GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2016 ‘Aw = total eross-setional area of transverse reinforcement (Gncluding erossties) within spacing s and perpendicular to dimension he spectied yield strength of transverse reinforcement, MPa cross sectional dimension of column core measured centerto center of outer legs of the transverse reinforcement comprising area As, mm, hy = maximum horizontal spacing of hoop or crosstie legs on all faces of column, mm = spacing of transverse reinforcement measured along the Tongitudinal axis of the stryctyral member, mim fn he ‘BEAM DEFLECTION (SECTION 5.9.5) -409,6.2.2 Where deflections are to Be computed, deflections that occur Jimmeditely on application of load shall be computed by usual mothods (oF formulas for glastic deflections, considering ellects of eracking and Feinforcementof member stihess, 409.6.2.3uhless suites Vals are obtained Banore compreheisive analysiImmediate defection shall be computed Withsthe moduli of lastly E. for cOnerete and with che effective moment of Infla as fellows, but not greater than ly (402-9) lel mils of rapture of ebperete, Mpafor normal weight coueret f= 07 (fF, maxifum moment in nme t stage detection computed moment of ines of gross conerete secon about cetroda ax, renlecting reinforcement. dee moment of inertia oferaced section transformed to concrete JF agance from encrodal axis of gross section, nelecting reilareement extreme ibe intesion neh lghtwelht Sggregate is wed. one ofthe following modifications Shall apply {a) When hs specified and conereteis proportioned in accordance with Sec. 905. f-shallbe modified by substituting 18 fafor YF, butthe yalof 18 fr shal not exceed YF WY Whon f is not specified, f; shall be multiplied by 0.75 for * Tightweight” concrete, and 0.85 for “sanellightwelght” concrete, near interpolation is permitted i partial sand replacement is used. 409.6.2.4 For continuous members, effective moment of inertia may be taken as the average of values obtained from Eq. (409-9) for the eitical positive and negative moment sections For prismatic members, effective ‘momento inertia may be taken asthe value obtained from Eq, (409-9) at rmidspan for simple and continuous spans, and at the support for cantlevers 5 Unless values are obtained by a more comprehensive analysis, al Long-term deflection resulting from ereep and shrinkage of Fexural members (normal weight or lightweight concrete) shall be determined by multiplying the immediate defection caused by the ‘sustained load considered by the factor £ +509) (409-12) where shall he the value of reinforcement ratio for non-prestrssed ‘compression reinforcement at midspan for simple and continuous spans, and at support for cantilevers. It is permitted to assume the time: ‘dependent factor for sustained loads tobe equal to: 5 years oF more wn nnn 2 12 months 1 Smonths. 1 Smonths 1 Pages408.6 Modulus of Elasticity 400.61 Modulis of east F: for concrete shall be permitted to be taken as wes 0043 fF (in MPa) for vales of we Between 1500 and 1500 g/m, For normal weight conret, shall be permitted tae taken as4700 fF. 408.6.2 Modulus of elasticity B for nonprestressed reinforcement shall be permitted tobe taken as 200,000 MPs 408.6.3 Modulus of elasticity E: for prestressing tendons shall be determined by tests or supplied by the manufacturer FIGURE CODE-008 Section $05.3 of the National Structural Code ofthe Philipines gives the allowable stress in compression a Follows: n gross section ofthe axially loaded compression members, when KL, the largest effective slenderness ratio of any uabraced segment, s Tess than a (1-053), Fame 78 where: = (KL/e/Ce (On gross seeton ofthe axially loaded compression members, when jrexceeds C: 1298 BURL = effective length factor K=1for both ends pin K=0,5 for both ends fixed K=07 foroneend fixed anther el pin IGURE CODE-009 ‘Allowable Bending Stress | Shaped membetS and chahgels bentabout major axis, Members with compact sectioa: For mestbers with compact seetlonafd with braced length Ls s Le allowable bending stress in botnsion and compression is Foe 0665, Fa.) where Les the smaller Value of 2°02 ana 237-200 Vey w/a, Members with non-compact section For members with ls L. except that tho flanges are non-compact (eluding buit-up embers and’ members with yield points greater than 448° MPa), the allowable.bending stress in both tension and compression i: , 7 w=6 rnb, Fa.) F=f; (079-n000762. ff | @-(2) Members with compact or non-compact section with Lo le: Allowable bending stress in tension: Members with compact or non-compact section and with unbraced Tength la > Lethe allowable bending stress in tension I R 60, Fa.) GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2016 Allowable bending stress in compression: The allowable bending stress in compression is determined as the Jarger value of, (4) or Eg (5) whichever isapplicable.and Ea (6), ‘exept that Eq, (6) is applicable only to section with compression ‘ange thats Sold and approximately rectangular in cross section and that has an area not less than the tension lange. For ehanne's, the allowable compressive stress is determined from Ea (6) joao, , (Asie, when [FBZ b BSESHOE { wy [a_i 3 Tossagorg, |" <6" Fo) ar2 004, , Aa 72 M006 <0, £008) isk ‘ foranyvitbeg © Baz104 y= BLOG 966% ra ead we hee: Or a7s Pugs vm -Daanae<23 fa) pore My isthe faljer and Mo is thlarger bending momenta the fends ofthe unbraced length, and where the rato of moments Ms/Mz {positive when M, ané Ms hae the same sign (reverse curvature behing) and negative whe Mi and Me have opposite sign (single curvature bending). When the bending moment at any point ofthe "unbraced length i larger than at both ends ofthis length, Cs = 10. For cantilever beans, whee y= ange Wath, mm tue lange thickness, mm tepiveb thickness, mm {area of compression ange =brt: (mm?) {L= in = distance between cross-sections braced against cwist and Tateral displacements ofthe compression ange, mm ‘= radius of gyration ofthe section comprising the compression flange plus 1/3 o the compression web area taken about an anis inthe plane of the web, mm. FIGURE CODE-010 205.5 Reduetion of Live Loads The design live load determined using the unit ive load asset forth in ble 205-1 for Moors and Table 205-3, Method 2, for rools may be reduced on any memiber supporting more than 15 m,inchiding Rat Slabs, except for Noors in places of public assembly and for live loads ireater than 48 kPa in accordance with the following equation: (4-15) (205-1) The reduction shall not exceed 40 percent for members receiving load from one level only, 60 percent for other members or R as determined by the following equation: R /3.1(1 + D/L) (205-2) wheres | =area of oor oF roof supported by the member, square meter m= ‘= dead load per square meter of area supported by the member, ka luni live load per square meter of area supported by the member, Pa Pagesreduction in percentage, % rate of reduction equal 0.08 for Noors See Table 205-3 for roots For storage loads exceeding 4.8 kPa, no reduction shal be made, except ‘that design ive loads on columns may be reduced 20 percent. The live load reduction shall mot exceed 40% in garages forthe storage of private pleasure cars having a capacity of not more than nine passengers per vehicle. LATE DYE 205.6 Alternate Floor Live Load Reduction Asanaltermateto Equation (205-1), the unit live loads set forth in Table 205-1 may be reduced in accordance with Equation 205-3 on any ‘member, including Hat slabs, having an influence area of 40m or more. tet] 02544574 Wa) where ‘Avs influence area, ms LL» reduced design live load per square meter of area supported bythe ‘member = unteduced design live load per square meter of area supported by the member (Table 205-1) (205-3) ‘The nfuence area A, is four times the tributary area fora colin, wo times the tributary area fr a beam, equal to the panel arg fora two vay slab, and equal to the product of the span and the fll Mange width fora precast T-beam “The reduced live load shall not be less than 50 percent ofthe unit ie load for members receiving lond Irom oneleveiomlynar less than 40 perceit of the unit ive load Lo for other members. aT DE 407.7 Spacing Limits for Reinforcement 407.7.1 The minimum cledespacing bet ween parallel Babsjn alae? shall he ds but not less than 25 mi See also Section 40142 407:7.2 wher’ paralelreinfdhcement placed in two Bemorefayers, bars ine upper layers shall be placed directly above bas in the bottom ayer withlear distance between layers not less than 25 may 407-78 in spirally reinforced of ied reinforced cotipression mers, clear distance between longitudinal bars shall not De less tha 1.5de oF Tess tan 40 mm. Seealso Section 4034.2 407.7. Gear distance limitation Between bars sal apply also to the clear distance between acomact lap splice and adjacent splices orbars. 407.75 in wall and slabs other than enfcrete joist construction, primary exural Peinforcement shall not be space farther apart than thre times the wall dslab thickness, of farther than 450 mn, FIGURE CODE-01 407.7.6 Bundled Bars 407,761 Groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in contact to act fsa unitshall be imited to four bars in one bundle, 407,762 Bundled bors shall be enclosed within stirupsor ties. 407,763 Bars larger than 36 mm shall note bundled in beams. GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2016 4072764 Individual bars within a bundle terminated within the span of Aexural members shall terminate ae diferent points with atleast 40d, stagger. 407-765 Where spacing limitations and minimum concrete cover are based on bar diameter dh, a unit of bundled bars shall be treated 38 Single bar of diameter derived from the equivalent total area, PICT Te NscP 2010/2015 4094.2 Strength Reduction Factor Strength-reduetion factor @ shall be given in Sections 4094.21 through 09427 4094.21 Teion Cogtrlled sections abefined. ‘Sect 410.44 (Se aso Section 409.427) 090, 409,402 compro cihtfelled sections, as dined Section 3104.3: 1." Members with spiral einforcement conforming xo Section 810.103. nag 75 2, Other reinforced mombers Swanger O68 or sections Thyvhich the net nsie strength, x fs between the limits for compresgion-controled and tetsion-controlied sections, @ shall be ‘persed to be linearly increased fram. that for compression controlled Eections to 0.90 as e increases from the tompression-controled train Timitgo 0005. 410.4 General principles and requirements 4410.41 Desiga-of crss sections subject to flexure or axial loads, o to combined flexure-ad axial loads, shall be based on stresé and strain ‘compatibility sing assumptions in Section 410.3, ‘702 — Balanced syath conditions exist ata cross section when tension relnforceiuent reaches the strain corresponding tf ust 35 concrete In compression reaches its assumed ulimate sraln of 0.003. 410.43 — Sattions are compression controlled if the net tensile strain in the extremé tension steel ty fs equal to oF less than the compression controll strain limit_when the concrete in compression reaches is Assumed strain limit of 0.003. The compression-controed strain limits {heer tensile strain inthe reinforcement at balanced strain conditions For Grade 415 reinforcement, and forall prestressed reinforcement, it Shall be permitted to set the compression-contralied strain limit equal to 0.002. 4104.4 — Sections are tension-controled ifthe net tensile strain in the extreme tension sted, , is equal to or greater than 0.005. when the concrete in compression reaches Its assumed strain limit of 0.003. Sections with e: between the compression-contolied strain limit and (0.005 constitute a transition region between compression-contolied and tension-controlied sections. 4104.5 — For non-prestressed flexural members and non-prestressed members with factored axial eompressive Toad less than O.I0P« Ay tat nominal strength shall no be less than 0.004, 4104.6 — Use of compression reinforcement shall be permitted in conjunction with addidonal tension reinforcement to increase 1 Strength of exural members FIGURE CODE-0 LRFD STEEL (2010/2015 NSCP) 504.2 Tensile Strength ‘The design tensile strongth, Pad the allowable tensile strength, Po/A. ‘of tension members, shal be the lower value obtained according to the Timit states or tensile yielding in the gross section and tensile rupture in the net section. PagesFor tensile yielding in the gross section: Block Shear “The design for block shear strength shall be Pes Fy Ae Ry = 06 Fi Aart Fens SO6F, Ay + Fe Ae $=090(LRFD) —=1.67 (ASD) 4=075(LRFD) —@=2(ASD) For tensile rupture inthe net section where: Pye Fude ‘Aye gross area, mm ‘Ac = netarea in shear ASolfectvenctarea A= net areain tension ss area in shear 4=075(URFD) — =2 (ASD) FIGURE 1-A: BEAM DIAGRAM AND DE For Various Static Loading Condit a Rar O80 Rew 12230 0380 SHEAR =0572w! — Ry=.005tu 0.058 ut R= 098wf — Ro=1ASw! R= 09830 0468 0! 0.607 wt 0.607 wt Ta wt 0536: 3851 02071 aurlece on07t0P omenr ioe +0ms64u? Py +0006 0077200 Tisai! “ose” oma ‘oar Max, (0440! fom A and) = 0.00651/ EL GERTC REFRESHER MARCH 2018 Pages