GEG 222 LMS QUESTIONS COMPILATION WITH

ANSWERS
Compiled by Ibrahim Olaoluwa (IBRA SPARK). Asst. By Adeola, Geomatics Engineering’23

1. A measurement which on repetition gives same or nearly same result is called

_________________
a. Accurate measurement
b. Average measurement
c. Precise measurement
d. Estimated measurement
2. Given three sets P, Q and R such that: P = {x: x is a natural number between 10 and 16},
Q = {y: y is an even number between 8 and 20} and R = {7, 9, 11, 14, 18, 20}. Find Q
difference
a. {11, 13, 15}
b. {10, 12, 16}
c. {7, 9, 18, 20}
d. {10, 16, 18}
3. A stock of pens consists of 144 ball pens in which 20 pens are defective, and others are
good. A girl went to the shop to purchase a pen. The shopkeeper randomly draws one pen
and gives it to her. What is the probability that a girl will buy the good pen?
a. 5/26
b. 5/36
c. 31/36
d. None of the above
4. A school has five houses named as A, B, C, D, and E. There are 23 students in a class in
which 4 students are from house A, 8 students are from house B, 5 from C, 2 from D,
and the rest from house E. Class teacher randomly selects a student to be the class
monitor. What is the probability that the selected student is not from house A, B, and C?
a. 1/23
b. 2/23
c. 5/23
d. 6/23
5. Experimental data on the compressive strength (x) and the intrinsic permeability (y) of
various concrete mixes and cures are presented. The summary quantities are as follows:
n=14; summation of y = 572; summation of y 2 = 23,530; summation of x = 43;
summation of x 2 = 157.42; and summation of xy = 1697.80. Calculate the simple
correlation coefficient.
a. 0.93
b. -0.93
c. -0.015
d. 1
6. Calculate the modal score for the data shown in the table below:
 Marks No of students
24.5 – 34.5 4
34.5 – 44.5 8
44.5 – 54.5 10
54.5 – 64.5 14
64.5 – 74.5 8
74.5 – 84.5 6
a. 64.5
b. 68.5
c. 58.5
d. 48.5
7. If the pulses arrive at a counter at an average rate of 5 per minute. Find the probability
that in 20 seconds at least on pulse is received.\
a. 0.950
b. 0.753
c. 0.811
d. 0.905
8. Variance of a constant ‘a’ is ____________
a. 0
b. a
c. a/2
d. 1
9. If A = 5.56±0.05 and B = 3.25±0.04, the values of A and B are
a. 8.81±0.0064
b. 8.72±0.253
c. 8.81±0.5
d. 6.81±0.064
10. In a binomial experiment in which n is large and p is small, the binomial distribution
can be approximated using Poisson distribution provided
a. E(x) < 5
b. First moment < 5
c. Np < 5
d. All of the above
11. The moment generating function of a random variable X is M(t) = ((1 + 2*exp(t))/3)*((1 +
3exp(t))/4), Find P(X = 3)
a. 5/12
b. 0
c. ½
d. None of the above
12. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a king of a
black suit?
a. 1/26
b. 1/52
c. 3/26
 d. 7/52
13. What is the probability of getting a sum as 3 if a dice is thrown?
a. 2/18
b. 1/18
c. 4
d. 1/36
14. Which of the following probability cannot exist?
a. 2/5
b. -1.5
c. 0.7
d. None of the above
15. Which of the following is NOT true of a scatter diagram?
a. Rectangular coordinate
b. one quantitative variable
c. Points are not joined
d. No frequency tables
16. The sign of a correlation coefficient r denotes ___________
a. The nature of association
b. The strength of association
c. The dispersion of the variables
d. The range of the data
17. Determine the value of x which makes the mean of the data shown in the table
below;
Marks Obtained 6 7 8 9 10
Number of Students 5 X+1 4 2x – 1 1
a. 7
b. 8
c. 9
d. 10
18. From the data below which one is precise? Sample A: 15.38, 15.37, 15.36, 15.33,
and 15.32. Sample B: 32.56, 32.55, 32.28, 32.49 and 32.48
a. Sample A
b. Sample B
c. Both A and B]
d. Neither A nor B
19. The approximation of binomial distribution using normal distribution can be
achieved provided
a. Average value of binomial distribution >= 10
b. np >= 10
c. First moment >= 10
d. All of the above
20. Let A = {1, 2,…, 8, 9}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8}, C = {1, 3, 6, 7, 9}, D = {3, 4, 5} and E = {3,6}.
Which sets can equal X given 𝑋 ⊂ 𝐷 but 𝑋 ⊄ 𝐶?
a. C and E
 b. B and C
c. A, B and D
d. D and E
21. Poisson distribution predict the probability of a given number of events occurring in
a _____________
a. fixed interval of time
b. specified area
c. specified volume
d. All of the Above
22. Let A = {1, 2,…, 8, 9}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8}, C = {1, 3, 6, 7, 9}, D = {3, 4, 5} and E = {3,6}.
Which sets can equal X given 𝑋 ⊂ 𝐷 but 𝑋 ⊄ 𝐵?
a. B and C
b. A, B and D
c. D and E
23. What is the probability of getting atleast one head if three unbiased coins are tossed?
a. 7/8
b. ½
c. 5/8
d. 8/9
24. You are given a cube of pure copper. You measure the sides of the cube to find the
volume and weigh it to find its mass. When you calculate the density using your
measurements, you get 8.78 grams/cm3. Copper accepted density is 8.96 g/cm3. What
is your percent error?
a. 1%
b. 0.02%
c. 0.01%
d. 2%
25. There are 3 blue socks, 5 brown socks, and 4 white socks in a drawer. If two socks
are picked up randomly, what is the probability that the selected socks are of the same
color?
a. 1
b. 0
c. 19/66
d. 4/11
26. The Poisson distribution can be applied to the following problems except
a. Traffic flow, number of cases of COVID-19 in different cities
b. Fault prediction in electric cables, number of mutations of chromosome in given
region
c. Email messages arriving at a computer, wind energy potential in a given site
d. None of the above
27. The accepted value for the density of gold metal is 19.31 g/cm 3. If a student
measured the mass and volume of a sample of gold, and obtained a value of 19.03 g/cm
3, the percent difference would be ______
a. -1.5%
 b. 1.5%
c. -0.5%
d. 0.5%
28. which of the following correctly describe the nature and strength of the association
between the two variables that has a simple correlation coefficient of r = -1.0
a. strong indirect correlation
b. strong direct correlation
c. perfect direct correlation
d. perfect indirect correlation
29. Which of the following statements is/are true? (i) {1, 4, 3} = {3, 4, 1} (ii) {3,1,2} ⊂
{1,2,3} (iii) 1 ⊄ {1,2}
a. i only
b. ii only
c. iii only
d. All
30. True error is defined as__________
a. Present Approximation – Previous Approximation
b. True Value – Approximate Value
c. abs (True Value – Approximate Value)
d. abs (Present Approximation – Previous Approximation)
31. The R Statistical Computing Software command of dpois(3, 6) is evaluated to
a. 0.1892
b. 0.8192
c. 0.019
d. None of the above
32. The Moment generating function of random variable X is M(t) = ((2+3*exp(t))/5)*((2 +
3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5), Find the variance
a. 9.0
b. 16.8
c. 1.2
d. 10.2
33. The R Statistical Computing Software command of dpois(3, 6) is evaluated to
a. 0.0521
b. 0.1252
c. 0.1152
d. 0.1512
34. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability of getting a queen
card?
a. 1/26
b. 1/52
c. 3/13
d. 1/13
35. Which of the following will necessarily lead to the calculation of the modal value from
the data shown below?
 Marks Obtained 6 7 8 9 10
Number of Students 5 X+1 4 2x – 1 1
i. Summation of the number of students value
ii. Summation of the number of students multiplied by the mark obtained value
iii. A knowledge about the median value
a. ii and iii
b. i and ii
c. i and iii
d. All
36. Suppose a coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of obtaining at least two
tails?
a. 1/8
b. 3/8
c. ½
d. 7/8
37. Given that A = {1, 0}, which of the following statements is/are NOT correct
i. 0∈𝐴
ii. {0} ∈ 𝐴
iii. 0⊂𝐴
a. i and ii
b. ii only
c. iii only
d. ii and iii
38. Given three sets P, Q and R such that: P = {x: x is a natural number between 10 and
16}, Q = {y: y is an even number between 8 and 20} and R = {7, 9, 11, 14, 18, 20}. Find P
difference Q
a. {11, 13, 15}
b. {10, 12, 16}
c. {7, 9, 18, 20}
d. {10, 16, 18}
39. In a box, there are 8 orange, 7 white, and 6 blue balls. If a ball is picked up
randomly, what is the probability that it is neither orange nor blue?
a. 1/3
b. 1/21
c. 2/21
d. 5/21
40. The Moment generating function of random variable X is M(t) = ((2+3*exp(t))/5)*((2 +
3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5)*((2 + 3*exp(t))/5), Find the second moment
a. 8.0
b. 16.8
c. 12.1
d. 10.2
 ANSWERS
S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS S/N ANS
1 C 6 C 11 B 16 A 21 D 26 C 31 D 36 C
2 D 7 C 12 A 17 A 22 D 27 A 32 C 37 D
3 C 8 A 13 B 18 A 23 A 28 D 33 D 38 A
4 D 9 A 14 B 19 D 24 D 29 D 34 D 39 A
5 B 10 D 15 B 20 C 25 C 30 B 35 B 40 B

GEG 222 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

GEG222: PRACTISE QUESTIONS ON PROBABILITY_2021
1. A card is drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. Describe
the sample space if consideration
of suits (a) is not, (b) is, taken into account.
2. Referring to the experiment of Problem 1 above, let A be the event {king is
drawn} or simply {king} and B the event {club is drawn} or simply {club}. Describe the
events (a) AᵁB, (b) A ՈB, (c) AᵁB’, (d) A’ᵁB’,
(e) A - B, (f) A’- B’, (g) (AՈB) υ (AՈB’).
3. Prove (a) Theorem 1-1, (b) Theorem 1-2, (c) Theorem 1-3
4. A card is drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. Find the
probability that it is (a) an
ace, (b) a jack of hearts, (c) a three of clubs or a six of diamonds, (d) a heart, (e) any
suit except hearts,
(f) a ten or a spade, (g) neither a four nor a club.
5. A ball is drawn at random from a box containing 6 red balls, 4 white balls, and
5 blue balls. Determine the
probability that it is (a) red, (b) white, (c) blue, (d) not red, (e) red or white.
6. A fair die is tossed twice. Find the probability of getting a 4, 5, or 6 on the first
toss and a 1, 2, 3, or 4 on
the second toss.
7. Find the probability of not getting a 7 or 11 total on either of two tosses of a
pair of fair dice.
8. Two cards are drawn from a well-shuffled ordinary deck of 52 cards. Find the
probability that they are both
aces if the first card is (a) replaced, (b) not replaced.
9. One bag contains 4 white balls and 2 black balls; another contains 3 white
balls and 5 black balls. If one
ball is drawn from each bag, find the probability that (a) both are white, (b) both are
black, (c) one is white
and one is black.
10. Box I contains 3 red and 2 blue marbles while Box II contains 2 red and 8 blue
marbles. A fair coin is
tossed. If the coin turns up heads, a marble is chosen from Box I; if it turns up tails,
a marble is chosen
from Box II. Find the probability that a red marble is chosen.
11. Prove Bayes’ rule Theorem 1-11
12. Suppose in Problem 10 that the one who tosses the coin does not reveal
whether it has turned up heads
or tails (so that the box from which a marble was chosen is not revealed) but does
reveal that a red marble
was chosen. What is the probability that Box I was chosen (i.e., the coin turned up
heads)?
13. In how many ways can 10 people be seated on a bench if only 4 seats are
available?
14. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed with the 10 digits 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . , 9
if (a) repetitions are allowed,
(b) repetitions are not allowed, (c) the last digit must be zero and repetitions are not
allowed?
15. In how many ways can a committee of 5 people be chosen out of 9 people?
16. Out of 5 mathematicians and 7 physicists, a committee consisting of 2
mathematicians and 3 physicists
is to be formed. In how many ways can this be done if (a) any mathematician and
any physicist can be included,
(b) one particular physicist must be on the committee, (c) two particular
mathematicians cannot
be on the committee?
17. A machine produces a total of 12,000 bolts a day, which are on the average 3%
defective. Find the probability that out of 600 bolts chosen at random, 12 will be
defective.
18. An inefficient secretary places n different letters into n differently addressed
envelopes at random. Find the
probability that at least one of the letters will arrive at the proper destination.
19. Find the probability that n people (n ≤ 365) selected at random will have n
different birthdays.
20. Evaluate (a) 8P3, (b) 6P4, (c) l5P1, (d) 3P3 (e) 7C4, (f) 6C5, (g) 4C4.

MORE PRACTICE QUESTIONS

SECTION A: PRACTISE QUESTIONS ON RANDOM VARIABLES
1. Find the probability distribution of boys and girls in families with 3 children,
assuming equal probabilities
for boys and girls.
2. (a) Find the distribution function F(x) for the random variable X of question 1, and
(b) graph this distribution function.
3. Suppose that a pair of fair dice are to be tossed, and let the random variable X
denote the sum of the points.
Obtain the probability distribution for X.
3. (a) Find the distribution function F(x) for the random variable X of question 3, and (b) graph this distribution function.

4. A random variable X has the density function f(x) =c/(x2 +1), where -∞<x< ∞. (a) Find the value of the constant c. (b) Find
the probability that X2 lies between 1/3 and 1.

5. The distribution function for a random variable X is

Find (a) the density function, (b) the probability that X >2, and (c) the probability that -3 <X ≤4.

6. The joint probability function of two discrete random variables X and Y is given by f(x, y) =c(2x y), where

x and y can assume all integers such that 0 ≤x ≤ 2, 0≤ y ≤3, and f(x, y) 0 otherwise.
(a) Find the value of the constant c. (c) Find P(X ≥ 1, Y ≤2).
(b) Find P(X = 2, Y = 1).

7. The joint density function of two continuous random variables X and Y is

(a) Find the value of the constant c. (c) Find P(X ≥ 3, Y ≤ 2).
(b) Find P(1 <X< 2, 2< Y <3).

8. If X and Y are independent random variables having density functions

find the density function of their sum, U= X + Y.

9. Let X and Y be random variables having joint density function f(x, y). Prove that the density function of

U =X + Y is

10. The probability function of a random variable X is given by

Find the probability density for the random variable U=1/3 (12-X).

Section B: Questions on Expectations

1. In a lottery there are 200 prizes of $5, 20 prizes of $25, and 5 prizes of $100. Assuming that 10,000 tickets

are to be issued and sold, what is a fair price to pay for a ticket?
2. Find the expectation of the sum of points in tossing a pair of fair dice.
3. Find the expectation of a discrete random variable X whose probability function is given by

4. A continuous random variable X has probability density given by

Find (a) E(X), (b) E(X ).

2
5. The joint density function of two random variables X and Y is given by

Find (a) E(X), (b) E(Y), (c) E(XY), (d) E(2X+3Y).

6. Find (a) the variance, (b) the standard deviation of the sum obtained in tossing a pair of fair dice.

7. Find (a) the variance, (b) the standard deviation for the random variable of question 4.

8. Find the first four moments (a) about the origin, (b) about the mean, for a random variable X having density function

9. Find (a) E(X), (b) E(Y), (c) E(XY), (d) E(X ), (e) E(Y ), (f) Var (X), (g) Var (Y), (h)
2 2

Cov (X, Y), (i)ρ, if the

random variables X and Y are defined as in question Section A, No. 6 above.

10. Find the conditional expectation of Y given X= 2 in question Section A, No. 6 above.

Section C: Sampling Theory

1. A population consists of the five numbers 2, 3, 6, 8, 11. Consider all possible samples of size two which can

be drawn with replacement from this population. Find (a) the mean of the population, (b) the standard deviation of the
population, (c) the mean of the sampling distribution of means, (d) the standard deviation of
the sampling distribution of means, i.e., the standard error of means.

2. Solve Question 1 in case sampling is without replacement.

3. Assume that the heights of 3000 male students at a university are normally distributed with mean 68.0 inches

and standard deviation 3.0 inches. If 80 samples consisting of 25 students each are obtained, what would be
the mean and standard deviation of the resulting sample of means if sampling were done (a) with replacement, (b) without
replacement?
4. In how many samples of question 3 would you expect to find the mean (a) between 66.8 and 68.3 inches,

(b) less than 66.4 inches?

5. Five hundred ball bearings have a mean weight of 5.02 oz and a standard deviation of 0.30 oz. Find the

probability that a random sample of 100 ball bearings chosen from this group will have a combined weight,
(a) between 496 and 500 oz, (b) more than 510 oz.

6. Find the probability that in 120 tosses of a fair coin (a) between 40% and 60% will be heads, (b) or more

will be heads.

7. The election returns showed that a certain candidate received 46% of the votes. Determine the probability that a poll of (a)
200, (b) 1000 people selected at random from the voting population would have shown

a majority of votes in favor of the candidate.

8. With reference to question 1, find (a) the mean of the sampling distribution of variances, (b) the standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of variances, i.e., the standard error of variances.

9. In Table below the weights of 40 male students at State University are recorded to the nearest pound. Construct a
frequency distribution.
10. Construct a histogram and a frequency polygon for the weight distribution in question 9.