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O- © B, sign your name in ful below DO WOT SIGN UNTIC AFTER THE BREAK —— BE SURE EACH WARK IS DARK AND COMPLETELY FILLS THE INTENDED SPACE AS ILLUSTRATED HERE: @. 'YOU MAY FIND MORE RESPONSE SPACES THAN YOU NEED. F'SO, PLEASE LEAVE THEM BLANK. SECTION’ | SECTION2 | SECTIONs | SECTION« | SECTIONS | SECTION ‘SECTION 7 1.85005| 1.09005] 1.00006| 1.@8008| 1.00005] 100006| 1.00000 2ae000| 200000] 220000! 209000] 200000) 200000] 202000 2an2n©| 100005| sa0c00| sa2000| 100000] 1.20000] 1.00000 100000] 400000] 400000! 4anon0| 400000| 400000| 400000 sa0000| se0c00| sanc00| 6an000| 200000] sonoDe| soDooD s2ec00| seece0| soecon| sanoon| san0m0| sonove| tono0e 2.202000| 1.020000| 128000! 720000| 1.20000| 1.en200| 1.00000 soncoe| sancco 2eec0n| sonon5| sanown| sonooo 2.20000! 2.00000 2.22000] 200000| 2.00000] 2.00000 woecce| 0.20000 w.encee| 1.27200) 0.00000! 1.00000 1.00000 | 11.00000| 1.00000) 11.00000| 1.00000| 1.00000] 11.00000 12,0800 | 12.8080) 12.00000| 1200000! 1.00000| 1.00000] 1.00000 2a@ceD| 1208000| 1.08000) 1200000] 1.00000] 13.00000| 1.00000 408000] 4.08000] 4.00000] 400002| “ODDDD| 4.00000! 4.22000 .28C00| 1.50000] 1.00000] 8.00000| .ODELD| .©DOTo| 18.20000 1.08800 6.98000] 6.20000! 1.00000| 1.00000] 1.00000| 1.020000 17.28200| 17.00000| 17.0000! 1.00000] 1.00000| 17.00000| 1.20000 12.0200| 18.00000| 18.00000| 18.00000| 1.20000| 1.20220! 2D02D 12.6@200| 19,00000| 12.02000| 12.00000| 1.00000] 1.00000! 9.00000 2.28200 | 2.00008] 20.00008| 22.02000| 2.00000| 2.00000 2.00000 2.08000 | 2.00000 21.00000] 21.00000| 1.00000] 2.00000) 2.00000 22.00000| 2.00000] 2.00000] 22.00000| 2.00000] 222020) 2.00000 23.00000 | 23.00000| 23.00000] 2.00000] 2.00000| 2.08000 | 3.00000 24.00000| 4.00000] 4.90000] 1.00000| 1.00000! u2D000/ 4.20000 wancon| 2.ancc0| 2.08000) 2.00000| 2.20000| 2.00000| 2.00000 woncoe| 2ancee| #28000) 2a0000| 2.20000] 2.00000| 2.00000 27.08000 | 2.00000 | 27,00000| 2.90008] 27.00000| 2.002000 | 7.00000 28.00000| 22.00000| 28,.00000| 2.00000| 2.00000| 200208) 2.20000 2.00000 | 22.99000| 2.00000| 2.00000| 2.00000| 2,20000| 2.00000 20.00008| 322.92000| 2.02000| 2.00000| 2.097000] 2.20000| 2.00000 21.00000| 11.00000| 31.02000| 31.09000| 1.00000) 1.00000| 31.00000 32.00000| 32.00000| 2.00000| 2.02020! 20n000| 2.00000| 2.020000 22.00000| 13.00000| 23.00000| 3.008000] noneas| s.0n0D0| 3.00000 34.00000| 4.90000| «.00000| usec00| 4.20000! 4.00000| 4.00000 25.00008| 8.02000| 8.00000] 2.20000! #.20ce0) ¥.00000| 3.002000 26.20000| 2.00000| 1.00000] 2.00000! #an0c0) 6.00000| 02000 37.00000| 37.00000| 37.09000| 7.08000 7.98000) 17.00000| 97.00000 38.00000| 2.90000| .00000| 2.00000 8.00000 | .50000| 2.00000 22,.00200 | 2.02000| 2.00000| 2.02000) 9.08000) 2.02000| 2.02000 40,.20000 | 40.90000| 00000] woncce| 0020000] 0.00000| «022000 4.00000 | 41.00000| 4.08008| 4.08000 | 4.9000] 4.00000] 4.00000 42.28000 | 42.00000| 42.02008| 4208008 | 42.00000| 4.00000] 2.00000 42.00000 | 4.00000| 4.00000] aonc00) 4.00000] 3.00000| a.00000 4.00000 | 4.00000| 4.00000! «00000! 4.00000] 4.92000) 4.00000 4.00200 | 4.00000| &.00008| 6.08008 | 6.02000] 46.00000| 1.20000 4.00200| #&.00000| #00000| «e0000) #00000] «&.02000) 4.00000 47.28200 | 47.0000 | 47.08000| 47.08080| 47.02000| 47.98000| 47,.00000 42.00000| 4.00000) @.02c0e| wanece) 8.52000! 8.08000) 2.20000 4.00000 | #.00000| «00c00| waecco| #.00000| 02000] #00000 0.00200 | 50.00000| .02000| 9.28C22| 0.52000| 9.98000! 8.00000THE GRADUATE RECORD EXAMINATIONS*® GRE’ General Test Do not break the seal until you are told to do so. The contents of this test are confidential. Disclosure o reproduction of any portion of itis prohibited. THIS TEST BOOK MUST NOT BE TAKEN FROM THE ROOM. GRE, GRADUATE RECORD EXAMINATIONS, ETS, EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE and the ETS logo are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service. Copyright © 1981, 1984, 1987 by Educational Testing Service. Alll rights reserved. Princeton, N.J. 0854111i111111111~41 SECTION 1 ‘Time —30 minutes 30 Questions. Numbers: All numbers used are real numbers, Figures: _ Position of points, angles, regions, etc. can be assumed to be in the order shown; and angle measures can be assumed to be positive. Lines shown as straight can be assumed to be straight, Figures can be assumed to lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated, Figures that accompany questions are intended to provide information useful in answering the ques- tions. However, unless a note states that a figure is drawn to scale, you should solve these problems NOT by estimating sizes by sight or by measurement, but by using your knowledge of mathematics (see Example 2 below). Directions: Each of the Questions 1-15 consists of two quantities, one in Column A and one in Column B. You are to compare the two quantities and choose A if the quantity in Column A is greater; B if the quantity in Column B is greater, C if the two quantities are equal; D if the relationship cannot be determined from the information given. Note: Since there are only four choices, NEVER MARK (E). Common Information: In a question, information concerning one or both of the quantities to be compared is centered above the two columns. A symbol that appears in both columns represents the same thing in Column A as it does in Column B. Column A Column B Sample Answers Example | 2x6 246 e2D000 Examples 2-4 refer to A POR. R 30 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.A if the quantity in Column A is greater; B if the quantity in Column B is greater; C ifthe two quantities are equal; D if the relationship cannot be determined from the information given Column A Column B Column A Column B 10. The average (arith ‘The average (arth- ‘A rectangular floor with an area of 12 square metic mean) of metic mean) of 5,2, meters is drawn to scale with 2 centimeters +5, 2x43, and 8,6,and4 representing I meter 13x 13, Thearea ofthe scale 24 square centimeters drawing of the floor B {A deck of 1 cards contains exactly k marked cards. (k #0) D i 14, The ratio of the num- gel ber of unmarked cards in the deck to the number of é marked cards inthe deck AB is parallel to CD. u xty wey ie ae 12 v2+V10 V6+Ve GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Directions: Each of the Questions 16-30 has five answer choices. For cach of these questions, select the best of the answer choices given 16. If 3x+5=2x+ 10, then x= Al @2 ©3 MS His $44 equals how many tweifths? (A)2 (B)4 (6 (D8 (9 OF the s00 cadets in graduating cls, 30 per cent were women and of these, became instetors ihe number ofmen who became instatos was tice the numberof women who became istatos, how mary ofthe men became instructors? (A) 120 (B) 48 (QC) 40 (D) 24 (E) 20 19, Of the following fractions, which has the least value? ws mi ©8 M] OF Qy R Pp Ss 20. If APOR and APRS above are equilateral, what fraction of PORS is shaded? wt ot of of © GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Questions 21-25 refer to the following graph. 21 2, 23 AVERAGE® DAILY TOTAL AMOUNT OF SALES AND. NUMBER OF SALES FOR STORE X s1,000 50 3 | Average Total Amount of Sales re 3 MOT AL aettchand scale) ff] 4) 2 z A (i z 5 700 +f 38 Z oo 30 Z < 500 2 3 3 400 \ 2» & = 300 c Is 2 : 7 Average s 2 200 Number of Sales —} 10 2 £100 (right-hand scaley—} 5. < ec Mon. Tues, Wed, Thur, Fri, Sat. “Average” means “arithmetic mean.” Note: Drawn to scale. What is the average total amount of sales made 24, On which of the following days is the average ona Friday for Store X? amount of a sale greatest for Store X? (A) $200 (B) $300 (C) $400 (A) Monday (D) $500 (E) $600 (B) Tuesday (©) Wednesday D) Thurs On the average, what is the total amount of ie isceaaay| sales per week (Monday through Saturday) for Store X? 25. During the first week of a certain month, how (A) $2,700 (B) $2,800 (C) $3,300 many more sales were made in Store X on londay? (D) $3,600 (E) $4,400 Saturday than on Monday’ (A) 15 (B) 25 (©) 30 (D) 35 What is the average amount of a sale made on a (B) It cannot be determined from the informa- Wednesday for Store X? tion given. (A) $0.50 (B) $2.00 (C) $10.00 (D) $20.00 (E) $40.00 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.26. A train travels from City X to City ¥ in 3 hours and 30 minutes at an average speed of 60 miles per hour. If the train returns at an average speed of 50 miles per hour, how long. does the return trip take? (A) 2 hr $5 min (B) 3 hr 40 min (C) 4 br 12 min (D) 4 br 32 min (©) 4br40 min 27. In the figure above, if point T is 6 centimeters from every point on are PQ and from every point on arc RS, what is the sum of the areas, in square centimeters, of regions POT and TRS? (A) 6 (B) 4 (C) 6m (D) 24 (©) Rr STOP 28. 29. 30, 4-06 4-nO5 Which of the following symbols should be substituted for C1 to make both of the state- ‘ments above true for all integers» such that -2 = (A) 9 4V2 (B) 36— 16V2 «c) 8 (D) 9 (E) 32/2 atb+e stitu In the figure above, w~™t of ©} Mm: HF IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.Bo e565 65655 SECTION $ Time—30 minutes 38 Questions 5. The legislators of 1563 realized the —~~- of trying 0 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, ‘each Blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered words or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole 1, Nearly two-thirds of the country’s mushroom crop is produced by 160 growers in a single county, the ‘greatest «+ growers anywhere, (A) cause of (B) agreement among (C) indication of (D) interaction between () concentration of 2. The disjunction between educational objectives that stress independence and individuality and those that emphasize obedience to rules and cooperation with others reflects a ----—- that arises from the values on which these objectives are based. (A) conflict (B) redundancy (C) gain (D) predictability (E) wisdom - for a government to fail to do whatever it disease. 3. Itis can to eliminate a totally (A) folly. innocuous (B) irresponsible. preventable (© crucial. fatal (D) instinctive. .devastating (©) detrimental. insignificant 4, Dramatic literature often ----- the history of a cul- ture in that it takes as its subject matter the impor- tant events that have shaped and guided the culture. (A) confounds (B) repudiates _(C) recapitulates (D) anticipates (E) polarizes regulate the flow of labor without securing its reason- able remuneration, and so the second part of the statute dealt with establishing wages. (A) intricacy (B) anxiety (C) futility (D) necessity (B) decadence . Scientists who are on the cutting edge of research ‘must often violate common sense and make seem- ingly ------ assumptions because existing theories simply do not ----- newly observed phenomena, (A) radical. confirm (B) vague. .incorporate (C) absurd. explain (D) mistaken. .reveal (©) inexact. .corroborate ‘The -——~ with which the French aristocracy greeted the middle-class Rousseau was all the more ~ because he showed so little respect for them. (A) deference. .remarkable (B) suspicion. .uncanny (C) reserve. .unexpected (D) anger. .ironic (E) appreciation. deserved GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.B55 65 656 5G Directions: In each of the following questions, a related air of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the orginal pair 8. BRUSH : PAINTING (A) piano: sonata (B) body: dance (C) typewriter : novel (D) chisel : sculpture ®) voice: soliloquy 9. DECIBEL: SOUND : (A) volt : electricity (B) odometer: distance (©) radius: circle (D) color: light (©) wavelength : spectrum 10. DIPLOMAT: TACT :: (A) administrator : education (B) merchant : catalog (©) politician : hamboyance (D) inventor : ingenuity (E) accountant : flexibility 11, ATTORNEY : DISBAR (A) monarch : abdicate (B) emissary: debrief (C) officer : demote (D) landlord : evict (E) student: expel 12, DIRGE: MUSIC (A) fable: narrative (B) elegy : poetry (C) violin : strings (D) rhyme: tone (©) heroine : character 13, LOG : SHIP (A) archive : data (B) inventory : store (©) roster : team (D) bulletin : event (E) diary : person 14, APOLOGIZE : CONTRITE : (A) aggravai (B) endorse (©) extenuate : guilty (D) compliment : impressed (E) rationalize : modest 15, EUPHEMISM : OFFENSE :: (A) thetorie : persuasion (B) prevarication : ruth (C) metaphor : description (D) repetition : boredom (E) conciliation : appeasement 16. SENSITIZATION : ALLERGIC : (A) immunity : vulnerable (B) habituation : inured (C) invigoration : stimulating (D) sleep : anesthetic (©) disinfection : preventive GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Line o) (19) as) (20) as) as) (40) (43) 5565656 565 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content, After reading a passage, choose ‘he best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage Some recent historians have argued that life in the British colonies in America from approximately 1763 to 1789 was marked by internal conflicts among colonists. Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth- century Progressive historians such as Beard and Becker, these recent historians have put forward argu- ments that deserve evaluation, The kind of conflict most emphasized by these histo- rians is class conflict. Yet with the Revolutionary War Gominating these years, how does one distinguish class conflict within that larger conflict? Certainly not by the side a person supported. Although many of these histo- rians have accepted the earlier assumption that Loyal- ists represented an upper class, new evidence indicates that Loyalists, like rebels, were drawn from all socio- economic classes. (It is nonetheless probably true that a larger percentage of the well-to-do joined the Loyalists than joined the rebels.) Looking at the rebel side, we find jittle evidence for the contention that lower-class rebels were in conflict with upper-class rebels. Indeed, the war effort against Britain tended to suppress class conflicts. Where it did not, the disputing rebels of one or another class usually became Loyalists. Loyalism, thus operated as a safety valve to remove socioeco- nomic discontent that existed among the rebels. Disputes occurred, of course, among those who remained on the rebel side, but the extraordinary social mobility of eighteenth-century American society (with the obvious exception of slaves) usually prevented such disputes from hardening along class lines. Social struc- ttre was in fact so fluid—though recent statistics suggest a narrowing of economic opportunity as the latter half of the century progressed—that to talk about social classes at all requires the use of loose economic categories such as rich, poor, and middle class, or eighteenth-century designations like “the better sort.” Despite these vague categories, one should not claim unequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed. Outside of New York, however, there were very few instances of openly expressed class antagonism. Having said this, however, one must add that there is much evidence to support the further claim of recent historians that sectional conflicts were common between 1763 and 1789. The “Paxton Boys” incident and the Regulator movement are representative exam- ples of the widespread, and justified, discontent of western settlers against colonial or state governments (30) 6s) dominated by eastern interests. Although undertones of, class conflict existed beneath such hostility, the opposi- tion was primarily geographical. Sectional conflict — which also existed between North and South—deserves further investigation. In summary, historians must be careful about the kind of conflict they emphasize in eighteenth-century America. Yet those who stress the achievement of a general consensus among the colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the conflicts that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it 17. The author considers the contentions made by the recent historians discussed in the passage to be (A) potentially verifiable (B) partially justified (©) logically contradictory (D) ingenious but flawed ) capricious and unsupported ‘The author most likely refers to “historians such as Beard and Becker” (lines 5-6) in order to (A) isolate the two historians whose work is most representative of the viewpoints of Progres- sive historians (B) emphasize the need to find connections between, recent historical writing and the work of earlier historians (©) make a case for the importance of the views of the Progressive historians concerning cighteenth-century American life (D) suggest that Progressive historians were the first, 10 discover the particular internal conflicts in cighteenth-century American life mentioned in the passage (B) point out historians whose views of history anticipated some of the views of the recent historians mentioned in the passage 18, GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Se 19, According to the passage, Loyalism during the American Revolutionary War served the funetion of (A) eliminating the disputes that existed among those colonists who supported the rebel cause (B) drawing upper, as opposed to lower. socio- ‘economic classes away from the rebel cause (C) tolerating the kinds of socioeconomic discon- tent that were not allowed to exist om the rebel side (D) channeling conflict that existed within a socio- ‘economic class into the war effort against the rebel cause (©) absorbing members of socioeconomic groups on the rebel side who felt themselves in contention with members of other socioeco- nomic groups 20. The passage suggests that the author would be likely to agree with which of the following statements about the social structure of eighteenth-century ‘American society? 1, Itallowed greater economic opportunity than it did social mobility. I Tt permitted greater economic opportunity prior to 1750 than after 1750, II. Itdid not contain rigidly defined socioeconomic divisions IV. It prevented economic disputes from arising ‘among members of the society. (A) Land IV only (B) I and III only (©) Mand IV only (D) 1,11, and I only (E) 1,1, Il, and IV 21 2 It can be inferred from the passage that the author ‘would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding socioeconomic class and support for the rebel and Loyalist causes during the American Revolutionary War? (A) Identifying a person’s socioeconomic class is the least accurate method of ascertaining which side that person supported. (B) Identifying a person as a member of the rebel ‘or of the Loyalist side does not necessarily reveal that person's particular socioeconomic class. (©) Both the rebel and the Loyalist sides contained ‘members of all socioeconomic classes, although there were fewer disputes among socioeconomic classes on the Loyalist side. (D) Both the rebel and the Loyalist sides contained ‘members of all socioeconomic classes, although the Loyalist side was made up primarily of members of the upper classes. (E) Both the rebel and the Loyalist sides contained ‘members of all socioeconomic classes, although many upper-class rebels eventually Joined the Loyalists The author suggests which of the following about the representativeness of colonial or state govern- ‘ments in America from 1763 to 1789? (A) The governments inadequately represented the interests of people in western regions, (B) The governments more ofien represented class interests than sectional interests. (C) The governments were less representative than they had been before 1763. (D) The governments were dominated by the inter- ests of people of an upper socioeconomic class. (E) The governments of the northern colonies were less representative than were the governments of the southern colonies. According to the passage, which of the following is a true statement about sectional conflicts in America between 1763 and 1789? (A) These conflicts were instigated by eastern inter- ests against western settlers. (B) These conflicts were the most serious kind of conflict in America. (©) The conflicts eventually led to openly expressed class antagonism, (D) These conflicts contained an element of class hostility. (E) These conflicts were motivated by class conflicts GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Line 3) 119) as) 20) 55¢5¢5¢56¢55 Since 1953, many experimental attempts to synthe size the chemical constituents of life under “primitive Earth conditions” have been performed, but none of these experiments has produced anything approaching the complexity of the simplest organism. They have demonstrated, however, that a variety of the complex molecules currently making up living organisms couid have been present in the early ocean and atmosphere, with only one limitation: such molecules are synthe- sized far less readily when oxygen-containing com- pounds dominate the atmosphere, Therefore some sci- entists postulate that the Earth’s earliest atmosphere, unlike that of today, was dominated by hydrogen, methane, and ammonia. From these studies, scientists have concluded that, the surface of the primitive Earth was covered with ‘oceans containing the molecules fundamental to life. Although, at present, scientists cannot explain how these relatively small molecules combined to produce larger, more complex molecules, some scientists have precipitously ventured hypotheses that attempt to explain the development, from these larger molecules, of the earliest selfduplicating organisms. 24, According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the process by which the chemical constituents of life were synthesized under primitive Earth conditions? (A) The synthesis is unlikely to occur under current atmospheric conditions. (B) The synthesis is common in modern laborato- ries (©) The synthesis occurs more readily in the atmo- sphere than in the ocean. (D) The synthesis easily produces the most complex ‘organic molecules. (E) The synthesis is accelerated by the presence of oxygen-containing compounds. 25. The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) point out that theories about how life developed on Earth have changed little since 1953, (B) war of increasing levels of hydrogen, methane, and ammonia in the Earth’s atmosphere (©) describe the development since 1953 of some scientists’ understanding of how life began on Earth (D) demonstrate that the synthesis of life in the lab- oratory is too difficult for modern technology (B) describe how primitive atmospheric conditions produced the complex molecules of living organisms 26, It can be inferred from the passage that “'some scien- tists” assume which of the following concerning “larger, more complex molecules” (line 20) ? (A) The earliest atmosphere was formed primarily of these molecules. (B) Chemical processes involving these molecules proceeded much more slowly under primitive Earth conditions. (©) The presence of these molecules would nevessar- ily precede the existence of simple organisms. (D) Experimental techniques will never be suffi- Gently sophisticated to produce in the labora- tory simple organisms from these chemical constituents. (E) Explanations could easily be developed to explain how simple molecules combined to form these more complex ones. 27. The author's reaction to the attempts that have been made to explain the development of the first self-duplicating organisms can best be described as one of (A) enthusiasm (B) expectation (C) dismay (D) skepticism (E) antipathy GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.56565 e5 eG 5 Directions: Each question below consists of a word 33. CENSURE: (A) commend _(B) trust rinted in capital letters, followed by five letered words (© excite “(D) perceive) console fo phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning othe word in capa 34, INCHOATE: (A) obviously fictional = (B) partially reliable (C) fully realized Since some of the questions require you to distinguish (D) suspended (E) operative fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is bes. 35. APOCRYPHA: (A) synopsis _(B) dissertation (©) canon (D) disclosure) idolatry 28. MINIMIZE: (A) report (B) imagine (© repair (D) overestimate (E) investigate 36. ABSCISSION: (A) process of grafting 29. VARIATION: (A) uniformity (B) equivalence B) process of transforming (© parallelism (D) comparison (E) precision (©) state of fluctuation (D) absence of contamination 30. DEFAULT: (A) budget one’s time (E) lack of coordination (B) pay one’s debts (C) change one’s opinion (D) Keep one’s temper (E) hoard one's resources 37. EQUANIMITY: (A) uncharitableness (B) agitation —(C) predisposition 31. SUBSTANTIVE: (A) inelegant (B) casual (D) disinterest (E) loquacity (© controversial (D) trivial (E) indirect 38. ONEROUS: (A) popular (B) beneficial (©) calming (D) showing great consideration 32, METEORIC: (A) skeptical (B) pessimistic ( (© complacent. (D) gradual (E) exemplary ©) requiring htle effort STOP IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.a SECTION 6 ‘Time—30 minutes 25 Questions Directions: Each question or group of questions is based on a passage or set of conditions. In answering some of the ‘questions, it may be useful to draw a rough diagram. For each question, select the best answer choice given. Questions 1-4 Six products—U, V, W, X, Y, and Z—are to be placed in the display window of a vending machine with six compartments, numbered 1 through 6 from left to right, The products must be placed in the win- dow, one product in each compartment, according to the following conditions: U cannot be immediately to the left or immedi- ately to the right of V. W must be immediately to the left of X. Z cannot be in compartment 6. 1, Which of the following products CANNOT be placed in compartment 1 ? AU ®VY OW MX Hz 2 If X js placed in compartment 3, W must be placed in compartment A! @®2 ©4 Ms H6 If U is placed in compartment 5, which of the following products must be placed in compart- ment 6? AVY ®W OX MY Zz If Z is placed in compartment 3, immediately to the right of X, which of the following pro- ducts must be placed in compartment 5? (AU (BV (CW (DX HY GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.5. Athletic director: “Members of our sports teams included, for the fal season, 80 football players and 40 cross-country runners; for the winter season, 20 wrestlers and 40 swimmers; for the spring season, 50 track-team members and 20 lacrosse players. Each team athlete partici- pates in his or her sport five days a week for the whole three-month season, and no athlete is on two teams during any one season. Therefore, ‘adding these figures, we find that our team sports program serves 250 different individual athletes.” In drawing the conclusion above, the athletic director fails to consider the relevant possibility that (A) athletes can be on more than one team in @ single season (B) athletes can be on teams in more than one season (©) some of the team sports require a larger number of athletes on the team than do others (D) more athletes participate in team sports during one season than during another (E) an athlete might not participate in every cone of the practice sessions and athletic contests in his or her sport 6. As soon as any part of a person's conduct affects prejudicially the interests of others, society has Jurisdiction over it, and the question of whether the general welfare will or will not be promoted by interfering with it becomes open to discus- sion. Ifa person’s conduct does not affect prej- udicially the interests of others, it should not ‘come under the jurisdiction of society in the first place, ‘The author in the passage above argues that (A) society is independent of the actions of individuals (B) the general welfare of a society is pro- ‘moted when @ person's conduct benefits others (©) conduct that does not infringe on the interests of others should not be under the jurisdiction of society (D) interference with the actions of individuals does not enhance the general welfare (E) in general, the interests of persons are mutually exclusive Therapists find that treatment of those people who seek help because they are unable to stop smoking or overeating is rarely successful. From these experiences, therapists have concluded that such habits are intractable, and success in breaking them is rare. As surveys show, millions of people have dropped the habit of smoking, and many people have successfully managed a substantial weight loss. If all of the statements above are correct, an explanation of their apparent contradiction is provided by the hypothesis that (A) there have been some successes in therapy, and those successes were counted in the surveys (B) it is easier to stop smoking than it is to stop overeating (©) itis easy to break the habits of smoking and overeating by exercising willpower (D) the group of people selected for the survey did not include those who failed to break their habits even after therapy (©) those who succeed in curing themselves do not go for treatment and so are not included in the therapists’ data GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.66666666666 ues ns 8. ‘Seven people—Tomés, Nadine, Pavel, Marta, Rachel, Fred, and Kurt—are planning to travel down a river on 1wo rafts. The group will be assigned to the rafts according to the following conditions: Tomiés must be assigned to the same raft as Rachel. Fred cannot be on the same raft as Pavel unless Marta is also on that raft ‘The maximum number of persons on each raft is four Neither Nadine nor Pavel can be assigned to the same raft as Kurt 8. If Fred is assigned to the same raft as Nadine, which of the following must be true? (A) Kurtis assigned to the other raft. (B) Marta is assigned to the other raft (©) Pavel is assigned to the other raft. (D) Rachel is assigned to the same raft as Fred ‘and Nadine. (E) Toms is assigned to the same raft as Fred and Nadine 9. If Rachel is assigned to the same raft as Pavel, which of the following must be true? (A) Kurt is assigned to the same raft as Rachel ‘and Pavel (B) Nadine is assigned to the same raft as Kurt. (©) Nadine is assigned to the raft other than the one to which Pavel is assigned. (D) Rachel and Pavel are assigned to the raft carrying four people. (EB) Tomds is assigned to the raft other than the one to which Pavel is assigned. 10. If Kurt is assigned to the same raft as Marta, which of the following must be true? (A) Fred is assigned to the same raft as Nadine. (B) Fred is assigned to the same raft as Tomds. (©) Nadine is assigned to the same raft as Pavel. (D) Nadine is assigned to the same raft as Kurt and Marta. (E) Rachel is assigned to the same raft as Kurt ‘and Marta. . If Rachel is assigned to the same raft as Fred, which of the following is a complete and accurate list of the people who must then be assigned to the other raft? (A) Fred, Pavel (B) Kurt, Tomés (©) Marta, Tomés (D) Kurt, Marta, Nadine (E) Marta, Nadine, Pavel GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.ns 12-15 est Central Bank is open from Monday through Friday each week. Each day that the bank is open, one bank officer is assigned as AM loan officer and a different bank officer is assigned as PM loan officer. The bank has five officers— Reynolds, Short, Torrez, Underwood, and Vance, The assignment of loan officers is always made in accordance with the following conditions: Each officer must be assigned as loan officer at least once each week. An officer is never assigned as a loan officer consecutive days in the same week Torrer is never assigned as the AM loan officer. Vance is always assigned as the PM loan officer on Monday and Wednesday, and has no other assignments. Underwood is never assigned to be a loan officer on the same day that Short is assigned to be a loan officer. 12, Which of the following is an acceptable assignment of loan officers for a single week? Monday Tuesday Wednesday ‘Thursday Friday. (A) AM — Underwood — Short Reynolds Torrez Short PM — Vance Torrez Vance Underwood — Torrez (B) AM Short Short Reynolds Torrez Reynolds PM — Vance Torrer Vance Short Torrez (©) AM Short Torrez Short Reynolds Short PM — Reynolds Vance Vance Torrez Underwood (D) AM — Underwood — Short Reynolds Short Reynolds PM — Vance Torrez Vance Torrer Underwood (E) AM Underwood — Torrez Underwood Reynolds Underwood PM — Vance Reynolds Short Torrer Vance 15. Ina week in which Torrez’ only assignment as a Joan officer is on Friday, which of the following must be true? (A) Reynolds is assigned as a loan officer on 13. What is the maximum number of times that Torrez could be assigned as loan officer in a single week? Al 2 ©3 M4 HS Tuesday. 14, Ina week in which Underwood is assigned as (B)_ Reynolds is assigned as a loan officer on PM loan officer on Tuesday, which of the 7 ee lay. following must be true? © idan, is assigned as a loan officer on (A) Underwood is assigned as the PM loan (D) Underwood is assigned as @ loan officer on officer on Thursday. “Thursday, ee aerate aca Sad (E) Underwood is assigned as a loan officer on on Friday. Friday. (C) Reynolds is assigned as the AM loan officer ‘on Tuesday. (D) Short is assigned as the AM loan officer on Thursday. (E) Underwood is assigned as the AM loan officer on Friday. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Five patients—L, M, N, O, and P—must be scheduled to undergo physical therapy treatments within a seven-day period beginning on the first day of a month and ending on the seventh day of the same month, Exactly one patient can be treated per day. The schedule must accommodate the following conditions: L is to receive exactly two treatments; the second treatment must be scheduled for the fourth day after the day of the first treatment. M js to receive exactly one treatment. N iis to receive exactly one treatment, which must be scheduled for either the day before or the day after the day of L’s first treatment. © is to receive exactly one treatment, which must be scheduled for a day anytime before the day of L's second treatment. P is to receive exactly one treatment, which must be scheduled for the third day after the day of M's treatment. 16. Any of the five patients could be scheduled for the first day of the month EXCEPT @L ®M ON OO &P 17, Which of the following is a possible schedule, including the open day for which no patient is scheduled, from the first day through the seventh day of the month? (A) L, M,N, O, L, P, open day (B) M, LN, P, open day, L, 0 (©) N, LM, 0. P, L, open day (D) N. L. 0, M, open day, L, P (B) Open day, L. M, 0, L, N, P 18, The day of M’s treatment must be no more than how many days after L's first treatment? (A)! @)2 ©3 (D4 HS 19, \N could be scheduled for any of the following days EXCEPT the (A) first (B) second (C) third (D) fourth (E) fifth 20. If M is to be scheduled for the first day of the ‘month, which of the following pairs of patients CANNOT be scheduled for consecutive days? (A) Land P (B) M and L (©) Mand N (D) N and 0 (B) Nand P 21. If no patient is to be scheduled for the first of the month, which of the following could be true? (A) M is scheduled for the day before the day of L's first treatment. (B)_N is scheduled for the day before the day of L's first treatment. (C) 0 is scheduled for the day before the day of L's first treatment. (D) P is scheduled for the day before the day of L’s second treatment, (E) P is scheduled for the day after the day of O's treatment. 22, If N is scheduled for the day before the day of L's first treatment, the days for which M’s treatment can be scheduled include the (A) first day and second day (B) first day and fourth day (©) second day and third day (D) second day and fourth day (E) third day and fourth day GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.23. The Supreme Court is no longer able to keep pace with the tremendous number of cases it agrees to decide. The Court schedules and hears 160 hours of oral argument each year, and 108 hours of next year’s term will be taken up by cases left over from this year. Certainly the Court cannot be asked to increase its al- ready burdensome hours. The most reasonable long-range solution to this problem is to allow the Court to decide many cases without hearing oral argument; in this way the Court might eventually increase dramatically the number of cases it decides each year. Which of the following, if true, could best be used to argue against the feasibility of the solution suggested above? (A) The time the Court spends hearing oral argument is only a small part of the total time it spends deciding a case. (B) The Court cannot legitimately avoid hearing oral argument in any case left ‘over from last year. (©) Most authorities agree that 160 hours of oral argument is the maximum number that the Court can handle per year. (D) Even now the Court decides a small ‘number of eases without hearing oral argument. (E) In many cases, the delay of a hearing for @ full year can be extremely expensive to the parties involved. ‘That social institutions influence the formation of character has become a generally accepted proposition. This doctrine views individuals as but compliant recipients of social influence: personalities are entirely the products of society, and at any point in life an individual's person- ality can be changed by management of the social world. Crime is said to exist only because society has in some ways failed in its responsibility to give every person the resources to lead a productive life. However, whereas it is true that extreme poverty forces some people to steal, itis obvious that some persons will commit crimes no matter how well society treats them. Which of the following is implied by the “doctrine” (line 3) described in the passage above? (A) Social institutions may reflect personality as much as they shape it. (B) Social influence on personality is most strongly felt by the affluent. (© The concentration of wealth in the hands of a privileged few accounts for the existence of crime (D) Bringing about social reform is the most likely means of curtailing crime. (E) Less severe punishment of crime would be likely to result in more crime. The sense of delayed gratification, of working now for later pleasure, has helped shape the ‘economic behavior of our society, However, that sense is no longer nurtured as consistently in our children as it once was. For example, it used to take a bit of patience to put together the toys that children got in cereal boxes; now the toys come from the boxes whole Which of the following is an assumption of the passage above? (A) The toys in cereal boxes have changed partly because the economic conditions of our society have improved. (B) The influence of promotion gimmicks on the economic behavior of our society has increased over the years. (©) The toys that used to come in cereal boxes ‘were put together by the same children who played with them. (D) Part of the pleasure of any toy lies in Putting the toy together before playing with it (E) Today's children do not expect a single toy to provide pleasure for a long period of time STOP IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY, DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.NO TEST MATERIAL ON THIS PAGENOTE: To ensure prompt processing of test results, itis important that you fill in the blanks gxacily as directed. GENERAL TEST ‘A. Print and sign your full name | PRINT: inthis box Ast) FIRST) (MIDDLE) SIGN: [sTIE COUE Copy this code in box 6 on Copy the TestNameand TESTNAME _General your answer sheet. Then fill Form Code in box 7 on in the corresponding ovals |@|@|®/@|D your answer sheet. Formcope _G£9P)-0 exactly as shown. ID|DID|F/9 ID|D|D BQ} }D|D|D/ QQ ID|D|DI DQ }D|D|D|@/@ D| DDD @} ID] DDD} ID) D|D| DD) ja|olalo|o GRADUATE RECORD EXAMINATIONS GENERAL TEST You will have 3 hours in which to work on this test, which consists of six sections. During the time allowed for one section, you may work only on that section. The time allowed for each section is 30 minutes. Each of your scores will be determined by the number of questions for which you select the best answer from uhe choices given. ‘Questions for which you mark no answer or more than one answer are not counted in scoring. Nothing is subtracted from a score if you answer a question incorrectly. Therefore, to maximize your scores it is beter for you to guess al an answer than not to respond at all. You are advised to work as rapidly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not spend too much time on questions that are 100 difficult for you. Go on wo the other questions and come back to the difficult ones later. There are several different types of questions; you will find special directions for each type in the est itself. Be sure vou understand ni ws i YOU MUST INDICATE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE SEPARATE ANSWER SHEET. No credit will be given for anything ‘written in this examination book, but you may write in the book as much as you wish to work out your answers. After you have decided on your response to a question, fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet BE SURE THAT EACH MARK IS DARK AND COMPLETELY FILLS THE OVAL. Mark only one answer to each question, No credit will be given for muliple answers. Erase all stay marks. If you change an answer, be sure that all previous marks are erased completely. Incomplete erasures may be read as intended answers. Do not be concemed if your answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are ‘questions in each section, Example: Sample Answer Wha the ” Secon BEST ANSWER city isthe capital of France’ eee = (A) Rome 2BODO (B) Paris GOOD (©) London Seooo IMPROPER MARKS ©) Cairo ®SeOoo (E) Oslo Some or all of the passages for this test have been adapted from published material to provide the examinee with significant problems for analysis and evaluation. To make the passages suitable for testing purposes, the style, content, or point of view of the original may have been altered in some cases. The ideas contained in the passages do not necessarily represent the opinions of the Graduate Record Examinations Board or Educational Testing Service. DO NOT OPEN YOUR TEST BOOK UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.FOR GENERAL TEST, FORM GR90-00 ONLY ‘Anewer Key RAT aE OT ators oi ‘nee co ea mer Answer | Maribor Anew i i aber Anseor Number Aaswer 2 SBBSB BREN eae ageee 8 Bi eas eeeee 8SCORE CONVERSIONS FOR GRE GENERAL TEST, Form GR90-00 ONLY Vorb Ouanttave Arial versal ow | Seales Sealed — uted | Raw | Seated Store| Store ‘Score Seore_[Seoro| Sere 7% | e7 | “0 sm ws | o80 a | a 5070 mu | eo a] a0 ss 6 wm | eo a6 | 0 5680 wz | a0 a ee ee) n | oo se] 30 510 0 ro | 70 a | 30 9 4600 a2| mo 4 60 «| 7m ai | 30 470500 ee | 750 n| so «0 570 a | 1 ce | 70 a e) | 70 | x 0 50 a | no a | mo 4050 a | m | m0 510 a | oo | m0 390400 e | oa 26 | 30 = 37040 wo | 6 800 | mo 30 a0 | mo 3500 se | eo 90 a | 7 30 wa | 60 0 m| 7 0 4 sv | eo | 0 90 1 | 20 31000 ss | 610 70 we | 250 = a7 a | oo 70 a s | so 760 | 20 © 20380 2 | smo 70 | 2 9 0D st | so 70. wa | 20 20800 so] so = 7m =o fa | 2 m0 2] m 2 2 | wo 70 oo |u| 10 = m0 280 «| so sm Jw] wo 190 20 a | 0 6 850 «| 0 oo oo [os] mo wo 20 4 | so 60 0 [os | im 0 2 4 | a oo so |r| wo 60 100 a | oo oo m |s|] wo 0 160 e@| a 60 mo |s] wo mo a | wo om fe | mw ao] 0 so 50 fs | im mt 2) m0 wm mo or | 10 100 100