Work 3.1 JOBS nN 1 Each speakers describing a job. Match the ajectve to the description, Thre is one extra adjective. glamorous exciting rewarding challenging flexible stressful repetitive 1 77, lgeta lt of satisfaction from h helping people in my work and the pay is od too! rewarding 2 Every day presents a new problem which I like to solve, When I say im an actor everyone thinks I must have an amazing lifestyle of champagne, meeting celebrities and appearing in magazines. And they're right. | love it! My wife's job involves long, hours and people constantly se) 5 Every day is the same, | start at 9: [finish at 5. | meet the same people. | answer the same phone calls. It’s so boring, ‘My friend works for a company where lean ye [[LPRONUNCIATION 2 Match the words in Exercise 1 to the stress patterns. Oo stressful Ooo ___,_, 000 0000 3 EBB Listen to the words in Exercise 2 and check your answers. Practise saying the words. EXTRA VOCABULARY: prepositions 4. Undertne the correct preposiion in these adverts ‘Weare looking | o/fr/o an experienced individual who sable to work alone. You willbe responsible forin/ofthe ruaningof our new Madrid ofice whilst porting} fort/on ‘a manage in south-east of England Fluency in fron Spanish i exci anda good knowledge 5 offn'th Porkoguese is preferred for dealing with our Lain “American clients ae well the ability to comsmunicate with ‘people from al cultural backgrounds, [Sati wil depend onroinexperince] ‘The pst comes wih exalt ng em prospects? oft Jost tha proven ack ecard, etry ith percne fron planing bee TRANSLATION 5. Do these jobs exist in your country? Can you translate them into your language? Personal assistant ——_____— 2 Sales manager s 5 3 Finance director 4 Chief admintstrator 5 Marketing executive: aeeeS 6 Chief executive oiticer ‘What is your job title (or what job would you like to do in the future)? Can you translate it into English?[[RERDING AND VOCABULARY] With this type of reading exercise, remember to: + read the whole text first. + think about the words before AND after the gap. + look for collocations. 1 Read this text about ‘Extreme Commuters’ Look at 1-10 and complete each gap in the text with the ‘correct missing word, a, b or c. ‘AND WHY DO WE NEED THREE CUPHOLDERS? ‘In recent years, advances in technology have given us greater "opportunities with new ways of working such as telecommuting and? But new figures from the US Census Bureau suggest the for long commutes to ‘work may not have ended. In fet, ‘extreme commating’ ie increasing, Extreme commuters can 4__ 90 minutes traveling to work one way. Te seems that more 3 than ever restil prepared to take time-® — journeys in return fora big house in ‘he country. This search forthe perfect ‘work-life? means that neatly 10 milion people now deve more than 3 hour to work, Thats up by 50 percent 990, On eft ofthis is that one in every four restaurant meals ‘re now eaten inthe eran to help our time carmakers are adding extra cupholders tefrge wl even passenger seats which tur nto dining on boxes bles. So suriedatin eee ane aa HOMEWORKING a) time-saving b) job c) workstation 2 a) housework b) homework c) homeworking 3 a)trend b) rise ©) drive 4a) use b) spend) save 5 a) employment b) unemployed c) employees 6 a) consuming) saving ¢) management 7 a) home b) balance ¢) style 8 a) since b) inc) by 9 a) for) clock) management 10 a) makes b) takes) does 2 “Péadlthedrticle again and choose thelesrie 1 What are people spending more time doing? 8) Working. ») Travelling to work ©) Drinking coffee. ‘What would many extreme commuters prefer to dot a) Work longer to buy a big house. b) Travel longer to live ina big house. © Travel less to live in a small house. What has gone up by 50 percent since 19902 4) The number of people with cupholders. b) The number of people with a car. «) The number of people driving for over two hours per day to and from work. ‘What do one in four of us now do? a) Eat in cars by Eat in restaurants, (©) Eat out at lunchtime, 3. Look again at the words in 1-10, in Exercise 1. Choose sik of the words you didn't use in your angwers and write six sentences. For example: A workstation is the place where you work io the — office with your computer WorkBe HOMEWORKING [Dusteninc 4. BD Listen to the conversation between Sandy and Frieda and complete sentences 1-5. 1. When Sandy arrives, Frieda 4) finishes the book. by stops reading, ©) continues reading. 2. The detective in her book started chasing the ‘bad Buy 2) Iast month, b) for a month, ©) months ago. 3 Sandy has a) passed her exams. ) looked for a job. 6) to take her exams. 4 Frieda’s company has promised her a promotion a) once, b) last month, ©) many times. 5. Sandy thinks Frieda should a) leave the company. b) ask for a promotion. ©) work longer. GRAMMAR: present perfect continuous 5a Write the verbs in this conversation in the present perfect continuous. fF: Hi Sandy. s: Hi Frieda, Sorry I'm late. How long | have. you ‘been waiting (wait)? F Not long. ts OK. 12 book. ts about a detective. He» (read) my (chase) this bad guy for months, Ive just got to the final chapter. Anyway, what 4 you (do) today? : Iwas with a friend, We 5 (study) for our exams. +: What do you think you'll do alter universityt 5: I haven't spent any time on that ye. | just want to ppass these exams first. What about you? How's the job? 20 USE wok : Well, my company & — (promise) ‘me a promotion for months but nothing's happened ss Well, you? (work there a long, time. Maybe it’ time to move on. Sb ABE Listen again and check your answers, 6 Complete each sentence with since o for. 1 T've been working here 2003 2 He's been in charge Kasia lett 3 Ye been waiting for a reply overa fortnight 4. Maria has been out of work June, 5 We've only been here a few minutes. hasn't seen her family _ child. 7 There have been a lot of changes they arrived. she was a 8 My friend and | have been trying to solve this problem a week now. [Derctation 7 BB tisten to part of a job interview and write in the missing words: Interviewer, C: Candidate tr So in your current job I see that_____ from home. How long that Well, my employer for about three and a hal years but after a couple of years Iwas able to 1: So, how : mean, ae iw ‘c: Actually, iS one of the reasons I like to change jobs. | love my work but I miss = That's one of the thit to this post. So if we offered you eS ‘c: Well, obviously ifthe job requit would be fine. But | people: think that’s ‘one of my strengths ~ my ability to communicate,KILLER QUESTIONS 1. Read the information leaflet about interviews. Choose the correctheading,a-f, for each paragraph. 1) Show you are interested The handshake (0) Make every second count 4) First impressions «) The eyes and the mouth 4) Use your body 1 From the moment an interviewer meets you, he or she forms an idea about what sort ‘of person you are, and what kind of employee you would make. So how can you appear more confident, even if you are feeling nervous? 2 ‘When we are nervous, we tend to walk more slowly and look indecisive. Alan Powers, an ‘expert in body language, says that when an interviewee walks into the interview room, he or she should pause at the door and then walk confidently. When you shake hands, hold it with a strong, srip but also be friendly. A weak grip means a ‘weak character whereas if you are too strong, you won't impress the interviewer either. Its important to look interested and attentive but don't stare at your potential boss. And SMILE fom time to time! I also helps you to relax. Sit up and be interested. Lean forward and avoid crossing your arms or legs. According to Powers, it can also be helpful to ‘copy’ the interviewer's movements. Copying, or what Powers calls ‘mirtoring’, is a way for us to tell others that we think in the same way, “You never get a second chance’, says image Consultant Jane Chapman: ‘Interviews only give you shor time to show who you are. By using body language and dress, you can start as soon a you get through the door: 2 Read the leaflet again and decide if these statements are true or false. 1 Interviewers usually don’t form an opinion about you until you start answering their questions, —_ 2 The speed at which you walk will tell the interviewer how you feel. — 3. When you shake someone's hand, a really strong grip is always best. — 4 Don't stop smiling and when you talk, make sure what you say is interesting. —— 5 Try to copy what the interviewer says and always agree with him or her. — 6 Think about how you can use every moment of the interview to make sure you get that job. — EXTRA VOCABULARY: noun combinations 3. Match a word from each column to make noun combinations about work and interviews. shock details Sate se eee ae ae survey agency past experience killer results customer question recruitment appearance smart services 4. Complete sentences 1-8 with noun combinations from Exercise 3. 1 Can you tell meif these contact _detais_ are correct? For example is your telephone number sill 0207 859 68772 2 show that 68 percent of ‘employers rate real life experience more highly than qualifications. 3 The interview was awful. She asked me a ___ about which famous celebrity ! would invite © dinner. 4 Atan interview, | like to ask simple questions ‘and then t use to throw the ‘candidate off guard. 5 Tell me litle about your _ with your previous employer. Did you enjoy working there? 6 Hello. today? How can |help you Work aKILLER QUESTIONS 7 Wve registered with a hope they find me some work soon. 8 I think a can make all the difference at an interview. After all, 70 percent of ‘what we think about a person is based on how they Took. GRAMMAR: present perfect simple and continuous 5. Underline the correct form of the verb. 1 1 ve done/‘ve been doing my essay and handed it 2 I've done/‘ve been doing my essay and | still reed to write the conclusion. 3 They've replied/‘ve been replying to all one hundred people so that’s an end to it. 4. He’ talked)’ been talking on the phone since 10 o'clock so | haven't been able to see him yet. 5. How much money have you spent/have you been spending since last week? 6 How long have you waited/have you been waiting for their decision? Why don’t you give them a call and ask for their answer? 7 We've always used/been using this type of computer. 8 No-one has ever complained/been complaining before. ‘9 The photocopiers broken/‘s been breaking down again, That’ the fith time this month. 10 How many people have applied/have been applying so fart 6 Underline the correct phrase. 1 te been writing and sending letersalready/all day. 2 We've employed twenty new workers in the last three weeks/for months. 3. You've answered five questions in the last hour/for an hour. 4 Ve been asking them about this for days/three times 5 They asked me really difficult questions atthe interview/over the interview. 6 She's had lots of interviews over the years/hour. 7 They've interviewed 10 people in three hhours/ all day long. 8 He's been waiting since over two hours/8 o'clock this morning. 2 Pwo | PRONUNCIATION 7a Listen to seven sentences. Circle the ‘number of words you hear in each sentence. Contracted forms count as two words, for example, they've. Sentencet: 5 6 7 8 Sentence2: 3 4 5 6 Sentences: 6 7 8 9 Sentenced: 3 4 3 6 Sentences: 6 7 8 9 Sentence 6: Sentence7; 6 7 8 9 7h EEE Listen again and practise saying the sentences. 8 Look at these mini-dialogues. Write full {questions using the present perfect simple or continuous form. 1g: How long / you / write / that report? 1: About 6 hours. 2. @: How many reports / you / write? a: Six in total 3 a:Have / you/ wait /a long time? a: Yes, about an hour. 4: Where /he live? ns In five di 5 a: Where /they / live? rent counties. A: In France since last year. 6 a; Who / she / interview / all morning? ‘a: Candidates for the post of receptionist 7 Q: How many / they / interview / this morning? ‘A: Two people. One of them was irom Vietnam,SCENARIO: Situation vacant verb + not 1 Match a verb to a noun to make verb + noun combinations about work. VERBS NOUNS recruit plan dal with new markets research team set customers serve — es more staff put together costs reduce objectives leada complaints asking questions, giving answers 2. Match the correct ending a-g for the beginning 7 A question now — a) knowing more about your studies. by) where do you think you'll be in five years’ time? © about your free time, 4) you think you can add to our company? €) about is how long you intend to stay here? §) about your previous jb. £) with another question. 3 Write one of these words in each response, 1-7. honest question 1 m___ you asked me that 2 Thats a very interesting —_ ask glad moment etal expert 3 Without going into too much _ _ my boss and | didn't agree 4 Let me just think about that for a 5 thought you might me about that. 6 Well, I'm not an but [think the increase will continue. 7 Tobe Vim not sure. [LostTeNInG 4. before you listen, can you guess the missing words in these interview questionst Th fst eters et ‘What kind of person are you ‘What would you say is your biggest w What do you have outside work? If you were an a what would it be? What do you think you can b, to this post? How much of a t player are you? How do you think your ¢ you? would describe 8 Can you tell me about your ¢ 2 5 Now match questions 1-8 in Exercise 4, to answers (a-h) a) Probably, that | tend to take my work home, though some people call that a strength | suppose. bb) Well, in my last job I learnt to use the latest technology. ©) That’ a dificult one. a leopard, perhaps. d) Well, !have a degree in business studies and an MBA, @) I think the people | work closely with would say | ‘was supportive, 1) think I'm quite outgoing. —_ 2) I like cycling and visiting museums. bh) Well, I have plenty of experience of working with groups of people. 6 BIB Now listen and check your answers to Exercises 4 and 5. Practise saying the questions and 7 Imagine you are at the job interview. Write your ‘own answers for the questions. WorkSTUDY AND WRITING SKILLS STUDY SKILLS: organising ideas 1_ ead sentences a-h below. They ae from two diferent paragraphs: the frets about preparing for ‘job Interview, the second is about what to wear Put the two paragraphs in order and write your answers here: Borage ts Heal 2 ys? ore Paragraph2: 5 6 — 7 8— a) This means that employees may be expected to wear ties. b) For example, ‘What are your greatest achievements?’ and ‘What is the company vision or philosophy?’ © On the other hand, some modern employers allow jeans and Tshirts. 4d) Asa general rule, it’s better to be slightly over dressed than make the mistake of appearing too casual. ©) There are two main points to consider when preparing for a job interview. 4) One important factor when deciding what to wear to.an interview is to know what the dress code is at the company. 8) First of al, find out as much as you can about the company. hy) Second, try to predict the type of questions you might be asked and also prepare questions to ask. WRITING: cover g letter 2 Read the covering letter. Write the missing word in each line. Dear (oA Siror Madam (1) writing to apply forthe post of wainee journalist, (2\you advertised in this morning's newspaper. (3)! have always been interested current affairs and (4)local politics and | like the opportunity to report on them, (6)1 am outgoing, confident person with good (6}communication skills. In spare time I have also run (the student newsletter my university (6) am available at time convenient to you for an (a)interview, where | look forward discuss application. my. 24 OM wo 3. Ajob applicant has seen this advert ina student magazine, WANTED summer school activities leader wanted to work with children (aged 11-15). You will need to organise games such as football and netball and take the children on tripsand visits. Please send your CV with a covering letter to He has also made these notes to help him write the letter. tivities leader | post — summer school | adrian in staan wag inteceats — vork dining — team outgoing — leadership skills ~ te any time intervien ~ av Now complete his covering letter using the information in the notes. Dear Sir/Madam Lam writing to apply for as advertised ia _—' have been interested in outdoor activities for many years and in my spare time |__ —— Jaman Jam available Took you to discuss m application, Yours faithfully