CHAPTER2 Structure of Atom Dey Topic 1: Developments Leading to the Bohr's Model of Atom ‘The energy required to break one mole of CI-C1 bonds in Cl, is 242 kJ mol", The longest wavelength of light ‘capable of breaking CI-CI bonds is (¢=3 x 10° mand N, = 6.02 x 10 mol") () 4940m 3) 640om @) 594mm (4) 700 nm (AIEEE 2010) 2. A gas absorbs a photon of 355 nm and emits at two wave- lengths. Ifone ofthe emissions i at 680/nm, the other is at (1) 325 nm @) 743mm @) 51am (4) 1035 (AIEEE 2011) IA, and 2 be the threshold wavelength and wavelength of incident light, the velocity of photoclectron ejected fiom the metal surface is wo @ (JEE Main 2014, Online Paper-2) 4. Excited hydrogen atom emits light in the ultraviolet region at 2.47 x 10" Hz. With this frequency, the energy ‘ofa single photon is (t= 6.63 x 101 s) (8081 101 2) 2.680 10° 5 GB) 1.640 10 @) 6111x1075 (JEE Main 2014, Online Paper-3) 5. If'mand e are the mass and charge of the revolving elee- tron in the orbit of radius r for hydrogen atom, the total energy ofthe revolving electron will be 1e é oss @ = me le a= @ 35 (JEE Main 2014, Online Paper-3) 6 8 Ionization energy of gascous Na atoms is 495.5 kJ mol ‘The lowest possible frequency of light that ionizes a sodium atom is (h = 6.626 x 101 s, NV, = 6.022 * 10® mot") (7.50% 10's Q) 476x 10! s* (@) 35x 108s 4) 1.24% 108s (IEE Main 2014, Online Paper-4) Ejection of the photoelectron from metal in the photoelectric effect experiment can be stopped by applying 0.5 V when the radiation of 250 nm is used. The work function of the metal is () 4ev (3) Sev Q) 45ev (4) 55eV (EE Main 2018, Online) Which of the following statements is false? o @ Photon has momentum as well as wavelength, Splitting of spectral lines in electrical field is called Stark effect 8 4 Rydberg constant has unit of energy. Frequency of emitted radiation from a black body goes from a lower wavelength to higher wavelength as the temperature increases, (IEE Main 2018, Online) Which of the graphs shown below does not represent the relationship between incident light and the electron (1) KE. of es * > Energy of lightQ) Number of es > Fregueney oF Wht + Frequency of ight (4) KE ot 0 Imeneity otight (JE Main 2019, January) What is the work function of the metal if the light of wavelength 4000 A generates photoelectrons of velocity (6% 10° ms" from it? (Mass of electron = 9 x 10°" kg: Velocity of Hight = 5 x 10!ms Planks constant = 6,626 x 10" Js; Charge of electron = 1,6 x 10 JeV') (1) 090 @) 34ev @) 216 (4) A0ev (GEE Main 2019, January) 10. 11. The ratio ofthe shortest wavelength of two spectral series ‘of hydrogen spectrum is found to be about 9. The spectral (1) Lyman and Pasehen (2) Balmer and Brackett (3) Brackett and Pfund (4) Paschen and Pfund (EE Main 2019, April) Topic 2: Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom 12, Energy of H-atom in the ground state is ~13.6 eV, hence ‘energy in the second excited state is (1) ~68eV Q) -34ev 3) -151eV (4) -4530V (AIEEE 2002) 13, 14. 15, 1. 19. In Bohr series of lines hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to which one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen? (332 Q) $32 @) 4st 4) 235 (AIEEE 2003) ‘The wavelength of the radiation emitted, when in hydro- igen atom electron falls from infinity to stationary state 1, would be (Rydberg constant = 1,097 x 107 mr) () 9am Q) 9.110% nm @) 406 nm 4) 192 nm (AIEBE 2004) ‘The ionization enthalpy of hydrogen atom is 1.312 x 10° Jmol". The energy required to excite the electron in the atom from n= 1 ton =2is (851% 10°F mol 8) 7.56% 10°F mol 2) 6.56% 10° J mor (4) 9.84% 10°F mol (AIEEE 2008) Tonisation energy of He* is 19.6 x 10" J atom”-The ‘energy of the first stationary state (n= 1) of Li () 882% 10"7J atom! 2) 441 x 105 atom @) 441% 10 Jaton (4) 22105 atom" (AIEEE 2010) simon (2) Wavelength of light required to excite an electron in an Energyofanclectronisgivenby E hydrogen atom from level n= 1 to n=2 will be (i= 6.62 10 J sand ¢= 3.0% 10° ms") (2816 10% 2) 6.500% 107m (3) 8500 10°m 4) 1.214 107m (GEE Main 2013) ‘Tho energy of an electron in first Bohr orbit of H-atom is 13.6 eV. The energy value of electron in the excited state of Lis () 272ev @) -306ev Q) 306eVv 4) 272ev (JEE Main 2014, Online Paper-1) ) the wavelength of the light that must be absorbed to cexcite hydrogen clectron from level =I to level m = 2 will be ( 15 10s, e= 3 x 108 ms") Based on the equation a= 20x05 a"20, a. 2, 2B. 24, 28, () 1.328% 107m 2) 1325x10"%m (3) 2.650% 107 m (4) 530010" m (GEE Main 2014, Online Paper-2) ‘Which of the following is the energy of possible excited state of hydrogen? (1) ~68eV Q) -34ev (3) +68eV 4) +B60V (EE Main 2015, Oftine, ‘The radius ofthe second Bohr orbit for hydrogen atom is (Planck's constant (h) = 6.6262 x 10 J s; mass of elee- fron =9.1091 x 10-" kg: Charge of electron (e)= 1.60210 x 10” C; permittivity of vacuum (¢,) =8.854185% oF kg'mA*) () 05294 3) L6SA 2) 212A (@) 476A (JE Main 2017, Oftine) Ifthe shortest wavelength in Lyman series of hydrogen atom is 4, then the longest wavelength in Paschen series (JEE Main 2017, Online Paper-1) ‘The electron in the hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher orbitals to orbital of radius 211.6 pm. This transition is associated with a @) Paschen series. Lyman series. 2). Brackett series. (4) Balmer series, (JEE Main 2017 Online Paper-2) For emission line of atomic hydrogen from 1, = 8 to be (The Rydberg constant, Risin wave number nit) (1) Linear with intercept — Ry, (2) Non-linear (3) Linear with slope ~ Ry, (4) Linear with slope ~ R,, (EE Main 2019, January) ‘The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is ~13.6 eV. ‘The energy of second excited state of He* ion in eV is (ay “S44 34 (3) ~6.04 (@) 272 (JE Main 2019, January) n, the plot of wave number () against (4) will 26. Heat treatment of muscular pain involves radiation of | wavelength of about 900 nm. Which spectral line of | H-atom is suitable for this purpose? [Ry= 1% 108 om, h= 6.6 x 10 Is, ¢=3 x 10%ms 2) Paschen, 5 +3 (4) Paschen, c» > 3 (IEE Main 2019, January) (1) Balmer, => 2 (3) Lyman, ©» 91 0, For any given series of spectral lines of atomic hydrogen, be the difference in maximum and nem! The ratio AV! AVaue ‘minimum frequencies (4st @) 5:4 2) 9:4 (4) 27:5 (AEE Main 2019, April Topic 3: Towards Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom 28, Uncertainty in position of a particle of 25 g in space is 10 m. Hence, uncertainty in velocity (ms) is (Planck's constant h = 6.6 101s) (1) 2410 @) 21x10" (3) 05x10" @) 50x10" (AIEEE 2002) 29, The de Broglie wavelength ofa tems ball of mass 60 g moving witha velocity of 10 metres per second is approx- imately (Planck constant = 6.63 x 10°Js) (1) 10° mette 2) 10° metre B) 10% metre ) 10% metre (AIEEE 2003) 30, The orbital angular momentum for an electron revolving inan obits piven by Ji(7+1)-(h/2m) . This momentum for an s-clectron will be given by () H12-U72m @) 2m (3) (h/2m @) v2-W2m (AIEEE 2003) ‘31, Uncertainty in the postion of an electron (mass = 9.1 x 107" kg) moving with a velocity 300 ms“, accurate up to 0.0018, willbe (t= 6.63 x 10 Js) () 19210? m Q) 576x107 m (3) 192x107 m G) 3.84% 102m (AIEEE 2006) 432, Calculate the wavelength (in nanometre) associated with 4 proton moving at 1,0 x 10° m s "(mass of proton = 1.67 x10" kg and = 6.63 x 10S),3B. 38, 37. (0.032 nm 2) 0.40.nm @) 25am (4) 1400, (AIEEE 2009) In an atom, an electron is moving with a speed of 600 with an accuracy of 0.005%. Certainty with whic the position of the electron can be located is (h = 6.6 x 10 kg m?s"!, mass of electron m,=9.1 x 10°" kg) (182% 104m 2) 5.1010? m 3) 192% 10m (4) 3.84% 107m (AIEEE 2009) |. A stream of electtons from a heated filament was passed between two changed plates kept at a potential difference V esu. If ¢ and m are charge and mass of an electron, respectively then the value of 2 (where Ais wavelength associated with electron wave) is given by () V2mer 2) mev (3) 2mev (4) vmeP (JEE Main 2016, Offfine) ‘The de Broglic’s wavelength of electron present in first Bohr orbit of “H” atom (1) 0.5294 @) 220529 (3) 92 4, @) 4x 0529A 2 (JEE Main 2018, Online) . The de Broglie wavelength (2) associated with a photo- electron varies with the frequency (¥) of the i radiation as, [% is threshold frequency]: ae wow) Q) Ae (JEE Main 2019, January) Ifthe de Broglie wavelength of the electron in mth Bohr orbit ina hydrogenic atom is equal to 1.5 a, (a, is Bohr radius), then the value of niZ is (y 040 @) Lo 2) 1.50 (4) 075 (JEE Main 2019, January) . If pis the momentum of the fastest electron gjected from ‘a metal surface after the irradiation of ight having wave- length 2, then for 1.5 p momentum of the photoelectron, the wavelength of the light should be: (Assume kinetic energy of ejected phoroelecton 10 be ‘ery high in comparison to work function) 3 1 yA Qs 2 4 @ 5a @ 5 (GEE Main 2019, April) Topic 4: Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom 39. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers is correct for an electron in 4f orbital? Fa3mat4s 1 =2,m=2,s=+4 e) Fa3.m=+1, 4 1 =4,m-4s=- (AIEEE 2004) 40, {na multi-clectron atom, which of the following orbitals described by the three quantum number will have the same energy in the absence of magnetic and electric felds? o (@) Wand ay (3) (Mand ay) 2) dD and (ay (4) AV) and (vy (AIEEE 2005) 42, Which of the following statements in relation to the hydrogen atom is correct? (1). 3s Orbital is lower in energy than 3p orbital, (2). 3p Orbital is lower in energy than 3d orbital (3). 3s and 3p Orbitals are of lower energy than 3d orbital 3s, 3p and 3 Orbitals all have the same energy. (AIEEE 2008) a) 42. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers. represents the highest energy of an atom? wo +2 @ 2 8 2 @ (AIEEE 2007)43. The correct set of four quantum numbers for the valence electrons of rubidium atom (Z= 37) is () 5,0,0,4172 2) 51,0412 @) S11, 412 (4) 5,0,1, 41/2 GEE Main 2014, Oftine) 44. IF the principle quantum number = 6, the correct sequence of filing of electrons will be () ns mp9 (nd nF (2) ms 3(n-2)f-3(n—1)ed mp B) wn d>(-2f> mp (A) ny (0-2) f mp nd (EE Main 2015, Onli Paper-t) 45. Which of the following combination of statements is ‘rue regarding the interpretation of the atomic orbitals? (1) An electron in an orbital of high angular momen- tum stays away from the nucleus than an electron in the orbital of lower angular momentum, (II), Fora given value of the principal quantum number, the size of the orbit is inversely proportional to the azimuthal quantum number, (II) According to wave mechanics, the ground state clr nonetum bea 2 (IV) The plot of y vs r for various azimuthal quantum ‘numbers, shows peak shifting towards higher r value. () @.ay) @) wat) 2) (dap, (4) aD, ay, (JE Main 2019, January) 46. The 71* electron of an clement X with an atomic number of 71 enters into the orbital: () 6p (3) Sd 2) 4F (4) 6s (EE Main 2019, January) 47. Which one of the following about an electron occupying the Ls orbital in a hydrogen atom is incorreet? (The Bohr radius is represented by a). (1) The probability density of finding the electron is, ‘maximum atthe nucleus (2) The electron can be found at a distance 2a, from the nucleus (3) The magnitude of the potential energy is double that ofits kinetic energy on an average. (4) The total energy of the electron is maximum when it is ata distance a, from the nucleus. (EE Main 2019, April) 48. The graph between |y—? and r (radial distance) is shown below. This represents (1) 3s-orbital (3) Is-orbital (2) 2s-orbital (4) 2p-orbital (SEE Main 2019, April) 49. The electrons are more likely to be found n yo) (1) inthe region a and 3) only in the region a (2) in the region a and b (4) only inthe region (EE Main 2019, April) 50, Among the following, the energy of 2s-orbital is lowest in Mk Qy (@) Li (4) Na (SEE Main 2019, April) 51. Ifthe value of m, for an electron in an atom is ~3, what is the smallest value of / that the electron can have? 52. An electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom ‘moves at an average speed of 5 x 10° mis. If the speed is known to an uncertainty of 20%, what is the minimum uncertainty in its position? The mass of an electron is, 9.110 ky Ee '53. The total number of orbitals associated with the principal ‘quantum number 5 is ‘$4, The number of electrons in barium with quantum number mantis 8, The energy of photon is given a: Aelatom = 3.03 x 10° ton then, the wavelength (2) ofthe proton is (Given,(Planck's constant) = 6.63 x 10s, ¢ (velocity of light) (00 x 10° ms"). ‘56, Ina hydrogen atom, the energy of the first excited state is 34 eV. Then, find out the KE, of the same orbit of the hydrogen atom. '57. The energy of second Bobr orbit of the hydrogen atom is -328 KJ mot; hence the energy of fourth Bohr orbit would be 88. The total number of atomic orbitals in fourth energy level ofan atom is — 59, What is the maximum numbers of electrons that ean be associated with the following set of quantum numbers? n=3,1=1and m=—1 60. The value of Planck’ constant is 6.63 10 Js. The speed of light is 3 x 10"°n ms", Which value is closest to the wavelength in nanometer of a quantum of light with frequency of 6x 10s"? Cia La 22 30 48) 84) 1) 128) 1B) 1) 2.2) 2208) 24) 44) 28,0) 3G) 322) 33G) 34) 38) 4.4) 42.8) 480) 442) 48.) 51. (3) 52. (109) $3. (25) $4. (12) 58. 8.4) 64) 22 8H 90) 10 1% 1.4 1G BO ME 264) 222) 2%) MO) 36.4) 32) RA). 46.3) 44) 48.2) 9.) 5) 56. (16) $7. (82) $8. (16) $8. (2) 60. (50)(Gea Sag ke 3 (242 x 108 (1) Energy required to break C1, molecule N,l From, E =f 3 E = he jk From, E = hf = B= ho we have 6.626%10™ 3x10" 24210" E 6.02210? (2) The wavelength of absorbed radiation is related to a= thas of mite radiation ss, fieatiar seis eu Tene, = 355 680 2, Solving, we get A= 748 am, (8) We know tat ivf, KE =hy, tam? ~ waiyrt Be 1 (8) The energy is given by E=hv 63 x 10 x 2.47 x 10!" = 1637 10 = 1.64% 10°F = E (4 Total energy of eis one half of potential energy zat =E (Since Z = 1for Hatom) QF (A) The ionization energy is given by F= NAf therefore, B= 495.5 x 10°= 6.023 x 10" x 6.626 x 10 xf 5510 ago ¢! 6.023 x 6.62610 (2) From photoelectric experiment, we have f= v= hhvy +(KE) gag hy + Sea H HRB where “Y is the energy of incident radiation, is the ‘work function and (KE)... is the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons. av. 6.610 3x10" 256.710 x1.6%10" 49SeV = W +05eV > = 4.45 eV y +05 (As 1V=1eV) 8. (4) A body which can emit or absorb radiation of all fre- {quencies is known as blackbody and the radiation emitted by itis known as blackbody radiation Ata given temperature, the spectral emissive power of light emitted by a blackbody depends on the wavelength ‘mitted. Ata given temperature, the intensity of radiation emitted inereases with increase of wavelength, reaches a ‘maximum value and then decreases with further inerease in wavelength, With inerease in the temperature of the blackbody, the ‘wavelength corresponding to the most intense radiation docreases 9. (3) Form photoelectric equation dv =W, +m 2 KE=iv-hv, KE=iv+(-iy,) So, the straight line will be observed with negative inter- cept. 10. (3) We know y= adm? tm 6626 x10™ x3%10" 1 =" 4000 x10" 35x10" LA 9x10" (6x10)? 38810 = W, =2.10V (602110 Wa, VA, a Now, for shortest wavelength, m, + cand n, > %, So, we have Am 1. (1) We know that 9 =m, =3andn, =1 112. @)E,=-136eV 1 for second excited state is 3 E, rm = BS -1stev 9 13, (3) Third Line from red end corresponds to Lyman series for which n, = 1 14, (1)Sincen,=1;n,=e: wavenumber, & therefore on a 15, (4) The energy fo stationary sates = 1 and n =2 are, respectively, pa BSIDAIO gp, = 13120 o or Therefore, oe oe 131210 ( 1312x160 =9.84%10" Jmol 16, (3) The ionisation enthalpy (IE) is expressed as ry, =1367,[ Jee (where Z,,, =2) Given that, IE,,, =19.6%10™ J. So, 13.622, =19.6%10"" J atom"! 0 Now for Li, we have Ex -13.6 22, Fl Multiplying and dividing by Z;,. , we get Ey sez, =3.62), x2 From Eq. (1), we have Eye =-19.6x10"" 17. (4) Since fay, vrs x2'| 2 = A=1214x107m 18, (3) The energy is given by = LL tox 2 6.626x10* x3x10" a A a = AH1325% 107 m 20. (2) Energy ofhydrogenatom E, Z=1 and n = 2; substituting, we get 13.6x4=-34eV + 21. (2) Acconding to Bohr’s theory, we have 22.) Wehave ae( & a, For the shortest wavelength in Lyman series of hydrogen atom, n,= Land n, =. Therefore, For the longest wavelength in Paschen series of He", n= 3and n, = 4. Therefore,23. (4) We know r=0529x 1 . Qo Given: r= 211.6 pm = wwe get 11 A. Therefore, from Eq. (I), T 24, (4) We know v= RZ For emission from n, ‘This equation is ofthe form of straight-line equation, that is,y=mx +e, with y In’, slope, = Ry l64, Rand intercept, 25, (8) The energy forthe ni orbital ofthe hydrogen atom is, (E" = Coma or Energy for He" (Z= 2) in second excited state is 04 eV H13.6eV) 5 26, (4) Wavelength of radiation 4 = 900 nm For Paschen n, =3 and n, For transition 2 > 3 Maximum frequency in Balmer Series In Lyman series fea ja Minimum frequency in Balmer series al m=25¢=25x 10 kg h= 6.6 1041s h Av ay= dam h 6.6x10™ AnmAx — 4x3.14x25x10° x10" = 21x10" = 2.110% ms"! 29, (1) de Broglie wavelength, A="; m = 60 g = 60 x 10° kg; v= 10 ms! me 6.63 x10" _ 663x107 60x10" x10 6 1.10510 m 1. 0tisaeemmenenotincwon = YITAT Grnvotia = 31 @) Asoo sce sin isn, h nmi artp2 As ape maya ar Also, Av =0,001% of 300 6.63%10™ 4x3.14x9.1x10"" 300% 0.001 u = Ar =0.01933 oF, Av=1.93%107m32, (2) Using de Broglie relationship, we have 6.6310" mv 16710 X10" 33. (3) Using Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, hk 40 am ee ssxiOre BBG 9.1107 0.08 34, (1) KE of an electron = e = fm? h According to de-Broglie relationship, 2 eV = mv= VImeP h mer, ah = Vimer Vimev 4 35, (2) Bohr’ radius of first stationary state is r= 0.529 A. nh Angular momentum is given by mur = 52 For first Bohr’ orbit, = 1, h are ten A= 2mx0529A 36. (4) de Broglie wavelength @atat “ wp for photoelectron ivehv,4E hv =hv,+ 2m = vin = p= mliv=v,) Substitute value of pin Eq, (1), we get J2mitv—v,) Therefore, 37. (4) According to de Broglie hypothesis (a,= Bohr radius) Sma, given) 38. (4) We know From Photoelectri effect Iw-O=KE. KE+0>KE. KE> 9) o For electron having 1.5 times momentum he _ (Spy @ Divide Eq. (1) by (2), we get 39. (3) For4forbital: 40, (4) Energy of orbital =n +! Orbital with same (n +1) value and same m value will have same energy. For both (IV) and (V) 342 41, (4) Incase of hydrogen (single electron species the order of enerses of orbitals is Is<2 1p < 3s y= 3d n-tsl = n=? Hence, this distribution plot is For 2s-orbital 49. (1) From the plot the probability of finding an electron (Pa) = 4x x{ COP) is minimum or zero at point *b* (node) but inereases and becomes maximum at peaks 3° and ‘c" 80, (1) Energy of 2s-orbital is lowest for K as energy of the ‘same shell decreases with increase in atomic number. 51. (3) Since the value of magnetic quantum number m, depends on the value of azimuthal quantum number 7 and varies from I to +1 . Thus for m, = —3 , the value of should be 3 or more than 3. Thus, the smallest value of Tis3. 52, (109) According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, h h xav2* or aim xar2 * an am an or avx av Gem ic 6.62610" 3 20) . 43.14 9.110 x 855 3.149.110 TE x S10 = 58x10" m Since ground state radius of electron is 5.2910" m, the uncertainty is 58x10" 529x107" 53. (28) 100 = 109% of ground state radius. Total orbitals = 25 54, (12) Barium belongs to Group 2 in sixth period, just before lanthanoid elements begin, so, all its orbitals are filled with clectrons til the fourth shell except 4Forbitals ‘Affer that, the fifth shell contains electrons in s~ and _p-obitals and s-orbital of the sixth shell completely filled. Thus, the electronic configuration is Ba Is? 2s? 2p" 3s? 3p* 3d! 4s? 4p* da Ss°Sp" 65? Nowonlypanddorbitalscanhave electrons with m, = —1 In this way, one orbital exists in 2nd shell, two orbitals in 3rd shell, two orbitals in 4th shell and one orbital in Sth Shell. All these orbitals are completely filled, so, a total of| 12 electrons exist in barium with m, = 1 56. (3.4) According to Planck, = hv :Ger)-[7) (<=.))Dividing Eq, (2) by Eq. (1), we get 458. (16) For n= 4, the possible values of /is 0, 1,2, 3 1=0 ds Lorbital; T= 1 4p 3 orbital; 122 dd Soria; 1=3 4 Torbital Therefore the number of orbitals is 14+3 45+ 7= 16 eR eth atten Ciera aes nee uae '59, (2) The given set of quantum number represents the 3p, 120 4s— 1 orbital; 4p 3 orbital; orbital which can accommodate maximum two electrons. 1=2 d—+Sorbital; 4f > Torbital ‘Therefore the number of orbitals is 1+3 +5 +7= 16 60. (50) We have ‘57. (-82) The energy of electron is given by the expression Energy for the second orbit Energy forthe fourth orbit