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09 EV Charging Process

The document discusses electric vehicle (EV) charging processes and smart charging techniques. It explains that charging involves two stages: a constant current region and a constant voltage region where energy is stored in the battery. Smart charging can control charging times and power levels to reduce grid impacts, correlate charging to renewable energy availability and energy prices, and improve overall power distribution compared to uncontrolled charging. Smart charging involves off-board chargers communicating with EVs using protocols like IEC 61851 and ISO 15118 to enable real-time control of charging loads.

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Juan Pedro
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35 views

09 EV Charging Process

The document discusses electric vehicle (EV) charging processes and smart charging techniques. It explains that charging involves two stages: a constant current region and a constant voltage region where energy is stored in the battery. Smart charging can control charging times and power levels to reduce grid impacts, correlate charging to renewable energy availability and energy prices, and improve overall power distribution compared to uncontrolled charging. Smart charging involves off-board chargers communicating with EVs using protocols like IEC 61851 and ISO 15118 to enable real-time control of charging loads.

Uploaded by

Juan Pedro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EV

charging process and smart charging


Prof. Dr. Pavol Bauer, Delft university of Technology

Image credits go here


Charging process

Energy stored in battery


Constant Constant
current region voltage region
Charging calculation
Charging power and current:

Pch = Vbatt Ich


where
Pch is the charging power, in W
Vbatt is voltage of the EV battery, in V
Ich is the charging current, in A
Charging calculation
Charging power and energy:

Ech = ∫ 𝑃#$ 𝑑𝑡
where
Pch is the charging power, in kW
Ech is the energy delivered during charging, in kWh
t is the time period, in hours
Charging calculation 20 kWh = 10𝑘𝑊(2ℎ)
Charging power and energy:

Ech =𝑃#$ 𝑡#$


where
Pch is the charging power, in kW
Ech is the energy delivered during charging, in kWh
tch is the charging time, in hours
Charging calculation
C-rate
𝑃#$
C−rate=
Enom
where
Pch is the charging power, in kW
Enom is the nominal energy capacity of the battery, in kWh

Higher C-rate ßà Higher battery losses ßà Lower lifetime


Smart charging
Uncontrolled charging
Uncontrolled
charging

Power (W)

Time

When the EV is connected


to the charger
Uncontrolled charging: Effects
• Peak loading on grid Uncontrolled
charging
• Upgrade electricity network Car 3

Power (W)
• No correlation to renewable
Car 2
generation like solar
• No correlation to energy prices Car 1
• Many more…… Time
Smart charging

Controlled
Controlled Load
Controlled charging

Power (W)
Power (W)

Power (W)
charging charging

Car 3 Car 2
Car 1 Car 2 Car 3 Car 2
Car 1 Car 1 Car 3
Time Time Time
Smart charging
High prices
Charge Charge : Reduce
from wind from solar charging

Time
Smart charging
Control and
communication

Off-board
Charger

Control and IEC 61851


communication ISO 15118
EV charging process and smart charging
Prof. Dr. Pavol Bauer, Delft university of Technology

Image credits go here

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