SYLLABUS

Adverb Article & Determiner Voice

Narration Degree of Comparison Adjective

Preposition Group Verb Phrases & Clauses

Sequence of Tense Agreement Parallelism

Dangling modifiers Spelling Analogy

Vocabulary (H-O) Appropriate preposition (F-P)

 POLL QUESTION-01

❑ Please write to me at the above sentence. The word ‘above’ is a/an ________.

(a) Noun
(b) Pronoun
(c) Adjective
(d) Adverb
 POLL QUESTION-02

❑ In which sentence the word ‘first’ issued as an Adverb?

(a) She won first prize in the competition.

(b) The play was first performed in Dhaka.
(c) This is the first time she has experienced disappointment.
(d) He is the first in his family to go to university.
 ADJECTIVE

❑ Classification of Adjective

Adjective of Quality
Demonstrative Adjective

Adjective of Quantity Distributive Adjective

Definite numeral Adjective
Interrogative Adjective
Numeral Adjective
Indefinite numeral Adjective
Possessive Adjective

Pronominal Adjective
Relative Adjective
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 ক োন Positive/ comparative sentence-এর প্রথম পক্ষ (subject) যদি noun হয় তোহলে দিতীয় পলক্ষ (as---as/so--
-as/than/different from এর object) personal pronoun থো লে তোর subjective form হলে। Personal
Pronoun এর subjective form হলে I, we, they, he, she.

𝑎𝑠 … 𝑎𝑠
Noun/Pronoun + verb + 𝑇ℎ𝑎𝑛 + 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑢𝑛
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚

01. Which of the following is correct?

(a) He is better than me (b) He is better than mine.
(c) He is better than I (d) None of above

02. Which sentence is correct?

(a) He is as good as mine (b) He is as good as me
(c) He is as good as myself (d) He is as good as I
 DEGREE of COMPARISON
 ক োন Positive/ Comparative sentence-এর প্রথম পক্ষ (subject) যদি Possessive Adjective + Noun হয়, তোহলে দিতীয় পক্ষ
হলে Possessive Pronoun অথেো that of/ those of + Noun। উলেখ্য কয, প্রথম পক্ষ (subject) singular হলে that of হলে এেং
প্রথম পক্ষ (subject) plural হলে those of হলে। (possessive adjective হলছে my, our, your, their, his etc. এেং
Possessive Pronoun হলে mine, ours, yours, theirs etc.)

as … as
Possessive adjective + Noun + verb + Than + Possessive Pronoun
different from

as … as
Possessive adjective + Noun + verb + Than + noun
different from

01. Choose the correct sentence:

(a) One’s fingerprints are different from those of any other person.
(b) One’s fingerprints are dirrerent from any other person.
(c) One’s fingerprint dirffer from another person.
(d) One’s fingerprints are different any other person.
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 ক োন Positive/ Comparative sentence-এর প্রথম পক্ষ (subject) যদি That + noun + of + Noun হয়,
তোহলে দিতীয় পক্ষ হলে that of/those of + Noun।

as … as
The + noun + of + Noun + verb + Than + that of/ + noun
different from those of

01. Select the correct sentence.

(a) The roads of Dhaka is wider than Khulna
(b) The roads of Dhaka are wider than those of Khulna
(c) The roads of Dhaka are wider then those of Khulna
(d) The roads of Dhaka is wider than those of Khulna
 DEGREE of COMPARISON
 Formation of Comparative and Superlative:
 One syllable যুক্ত adjective এর সোলথ er কযোগ লর comparative এেং est কযোগ লর superlative রো হয়।
উলেখ্য কয, Adjective -এর কেলে y থো লে y এর পদরেলতে I এেং তোরপর er ও est কযোগ লর comparative ও
Superlative রো হয়।
Adjective সমূ লহর comparative ও superlative form এর তোদে ো
Positive Comparative Superlative
Sweet Sweeter Sweetest
Small Smaller Smallest
Clever Cleverer Cleverest
Great Greater Greatest
Large Larger Largest
Wise Wiser Wisest
Happy Happier Happiest
Easy Easier Easiest
Heavy Heavier Heaviest
Marry Merrier Merriest
Wealthy Wealthier wealthiest
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 Two syllable েো এর কেলয় কেদে হলে more ও most কযোগ Comparative ও Superlative রলত হয়।

Adjective সমূ লহর comparative ও superlative form এর তোদে ো

Positive Comparative Superlative
Beautiful More beautiful Most beautiful
Difficult More difficult Most difficult
Industrious More industrious Most industrious
Courageous More courageous Most courageous
Careful More careful Most careful

Adverb সমূ লহর comparative ও superlative form এর তোদে ো

Positive Comparative Superlative
Swiftly More swiftly Most swiftly
Skilfully More skilfully Most skilfully
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 িুই েযদক্ত েো েস্তুর মলযয সোিৃ েয েুঝোলত হযোাঁ কেোয েোল যর জনয as......as েযেহৃত হয়।

adjective noun
subject + verb + as + adverb + as + pronoun

My book is as interesting as yours. (adjective)

His car runs as fast as a race car. (adverb)
Jashim sings as well as his sister. (adverb)
Their house is as big as that one. (adjective)

01. A leader, sometimes, can be as –––––– as a bat.

(a) bold (b) deaf
(c) mad (d) blind
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 Prefer েব্দদি দনলজই Comparative অথে প্র োে লর। তোই এর আলগ েো পলর more কযোগ রোর প্রলয়োজন কনই।
Prefer, preferable: prefer এর পর এ দিমোত্র verb আসলে উহোর infinitive হয়।
I prefer to do it.
দ ন্তু prefer এর পর িুদি verb আসলে verb িুদির সোলথ ing যুক্ত হয় মোলঝ to েলস।
…. Prefer + ving + to + ving + ……
…. Prefer + noun + to + noun + ……
…. Prefer + adjective + to + adjective + ……
I prefer reading to writing.
01. ক োন েো যদি শুদ্ধ?
(a) I prefer death from dishonour. (b) I prefer death to dishonor
(c) I prefer death against dishonour. (d) I prefer death than dishonour.
02. I’d –––––– a blue bed cover –––––– a green one.
(a) prefer, to (b) like, to
(c) prefer, for (d) buy, in
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 Latin comparatives-গুলেোর পর than নো েলস to েলস।

Latin comparatives
Senior, junior, inferior, superior, prior, ulterior, posterior

01. He is senior –––––– me.

(a) from (b) than (c) by (d) to

 Very & much: Positive degree এর পূ লেে very এেং Comparative degree এর পূ লেে much েলস। তলে very
much + comparative হলত পোলর। কযমন- I am very much happier in my new life.

01. The weather is –––––– gloomier today than it was yesterday.

(a) more (b) more than (c) very (d) much

02. I feel –––––– now.

(a) more happier (b) much happy (c) much happier (d) more happy
 DEGREE of COMPARISON

 Superlative degree এর পূ লেে সেেিো the েলস এেং পলর plural noun থো লে of েলস।
03. Choose the correct sentence.
(a) He is the happiest child of all. (b) He is the most happy child of all.
(c) He is a happiest child of all. (d) He is most happy child of all.
08. I thought that –––––– was the last one.
(a) the most prettiest of all (b) prettiest one of all
(c) the prettiest one from all (d) the prettiest of all
 One of এর পর যদি Superlative থোল তোহলে উহোর পর Noun দি plural হয়।
01. Tahseen was one ––––––.
(a) of the happy childs of his class (b) child who was the happiest of all the classes
(c) of the happiest child of the class
(d) of the happiest children in the class
02. Dhaka is becoming one of the –––––– cities in Asia.
(a) more busy (b) busy
(c) busiest (d) most busiest
 Adverb

Simple Adverb

An Adverb is a Part of Speech that modifies other Adverb of Manner

Parts of speech (except Noun, Pronoun & Adverb of Place
Interjection) or a sentence. Adverb of Time
Adverb of Degree

The 5 Basic Types of Adverbs

Adverbs provide a deeper description of a verb within any sentence. There are five basic types
of adverbs in the English language, namely that of Manner, Time, Place, Frequency, and Degree.
 Adverb (types)

👉 Adverbs of Time
An adverb of time provides more information about when a verb takes place. Adverbs of time
are usually placed at the beginning or end of a sentence. When it is of particular importance
to express the moment something happened we’ll put it at the start of a sentence.
Examples of adverbs of time: never, lately, just, always, recently, during, yet, soon, sometimes,
usually, so far
• So far, we have found twelve grammar mistakes.
• I haven’t been going to the gym lately.
• We recently bought a new car.
 Adverb (types)

👉 Adverbs of Place
Adverbs of place illustrate where the verb is happening. It’s usually placed after the main verb
or object, or at the end of the sentence.
Examples of adverbs of place: here, there, nowhere, everywhere, out, in, above, below, inside,
outside, into
➢ We went into the cave, and there were bats everywhere!
➢ One day when my dad wasn’t paying attention to where he was going, he walked into a
wall.
➢ There aren’t any Pokémon here, let’s look somewhere else.
 Adverb (types)

👉 Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of manner provide more information about how a verb is done. Adverbs of manner
are probably the most common of all adverbs. They’re easy to spot too. Most of them will
end in –ly.
Examples of adverbs of manner: neatly, slowly, quickly, sadly, calmly, politely, loudly, kindly,
lazily
➢ The young soldier folded his clothes neatly in a pile at the end of his bunk.
➢ I politely opened the door for my grandmother as she stepped out of the car.
➢ A fat orange and white cat rested lazily on the sofa.
 Adverb (types)

👉 Adverbs of Degree
Adverbs of degree explain the level or intensity of a verb, adjective, or even another adverb.
Example of adverbs of degree: almost, quite, nearly, too, enough, just, hardly, simply, so
➢ Can I come to the movies too?
➢ Aren’t you hungry? You’ve hardly touched your dinner.
➢ I’m so excited to see the new James Bond movie!
 Adverb (types)

👉 Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency explain how often the verb occurs. They’re often placed directly before
the main verb of a sentence.
Examples of adverbs of frequency: never, always, rarely, sometimes, normally, seldom, usually,
again
➢ I rarely eat fast food these days.
➢ Tom usually takes his dog for a walk before breakfast.
➢ They always go to the same restaurant every Friday.
 Determiners Before Count & Non-count Noun

COUNT NOUNS NON-COUNT NOUNS

SOME, ANY, NO + pl. SOME, ANY, NO
✓ I have some problems. ✓ I have some time.
✓ I don't have any problems. ✓ I don't have any time.
✓ I have no problems. ✓ I have no time

FEW, A FEW, FEWER, FEWEST + pl. LITTLE, A LITTLE, LESS, LEAST

✓ There were few people at the concert. ✓ There is little hope that he will survive.
✓ There were a few people at the concert. ✓ There is a little hope that he will survive.
✓ We had fewer computers a year ago. ✓ Tim should spend less time on the computer.
✓ This medicine has the fewest side effects. ✓ This medicine does the least harm.
 Determiners Before Count & Non-count Noun

COUNT NOUNS NON-COUNT NOUNS

MANY, MORE, MOST, MOST OF THE + pl. MUCH, MORE, MOST, MOST OF THE
✓ There were not many people at the concert. ✓ There is not much hope that he will survive.
✓ More people came to the concert than expected. ✓ There is more hope that he will survive.
✓ Most mammals live on land. ✓ Most furniture is made of wood.
✓ Most of the visitors were art students. ✓ Most of the time I'm not at home.
A LOT OF, LOTS OF, PLENTY OF + pl. A LOT OF, LOTS OF, PLENTY OF
✓ There are a lot of tables and chairs in the room. ✓ We have a lot of space in the car.
✓ There are lots of tables and chairs in the room. ✓ We have lots of space in the car.
✓ There are plenty of tables and chairs in the room.. ✓ We have plenty of space in the car.
A NUMBER OF + pl. AN AMOUNT OF
✓ A number of questions arose at the meeting. ✓ The word budget means an amount of money
we have available to spend.
 POLL QUESTION-04

 He tells a tale that sounds untrue. The underlined part

is_____________

(a) a main clause

(b) a noun clause
(c) an adjective clause
(d) an adverbial clause
 Clauses

❖ Clause (েো যোংে): Clause হলে তগুলেো েলব্দর সমদি যোর দনজস্ব subject ও দনজস্ব finite verb আলে।
 Clauses

Sub-ordinate Clause: কয সে clause তোলির অথে প্র োলের জনয অলনযর উপর দন্েরেীে অথেোৎ Principal
clause এর উপর দন্েরেীে তোলিরল Sub-ordinate Clause/dependent clause েলে। Sub-
ordinate/dependent clause শুরু হয়- when, while, what, which, where, how, that, as though, as
if, if, unless ইতযোদি িোরো।

Co-ordinate Clause: কয সে clause িুই েো তলতোদয সমজোতীয় principal Clause co-ordinating

conjunction িোরো যুক্ত হলয় গদিত হয়, তোলিরল Co-ordinate Clause েলে। Co-ordinating Conjunction
সমূহ হলে- and, or, but, so, yet, otherwise ইতযোদি।
 Noun Clause
❑ Noun clause হলে এমন এ দি clause যো ক োন Sentence এ noun এর নযোয় োজ লর।
Subject দহলসলে: ক োন েোল যর subject দহলসলে noun clause েলস। এলক্ষলত্র what, why, how এেং that দিলয়
subject দি শুরু হয়। Shortcut: Subject অংলের clause দি ক লি দিলয় It েসোলে েোল যর অথে ততদরলত যদি সমসযো নো
হয় তোহলে েুঝলত হলে উক্ত clause দি noun clause.
01. That he is very intelligent is known to me.
(a) a main clause (b) a noun clause (c) adjective clause (d) an adverbial clause

Object দহলসলে: Transitive verb গুলেোর object দহলসলে noun clause েলস। ক োন ক োন Transitive verb এর
object 1দি আেোর ক োন ক োন transitive verb এর object 2দি থোল ।
দনলের transitive verb গুলেোর সেসময় 1দি মোত্র object থোল । এসে কক্ষলত্র কিখ্ুন noun clause দ ্োলে েলস।

Transitive verb (one object) Noun clause

believe/hope/think/promise/wish (that) + Subject + verb
Subject confess/know/remember/explain WH word/that + subject + verb
wonder/ask/discuss WH word/If + subject + verb
 Noun Clause
❑ দনলের Transitive verb গুলেোর সেসময় 2দি object থোল । Indirect object এর পলর direct object দহলসলে কয
noun েলস কসই noun এর পদরেলতে noun clause েলস।

Transitive verb direct object

Indirect object
(double object) (Noun clause)
advise/ask/give/inform/tell/teach Indirect object েলে।
Subject
/warn (me/him....)

01. Tell me who did it. The underlined part is-

(a) a noun clause (b) an adjective clause
(c) an adverbial clause (d) none
 Noun Clause
Preposition এর object দহলসলে: Preposition এর object দহলসলে কযমন noun েলস, এ ই্োলে preposition এর
object দহলসলে noun clause ও েলস।
01. This parcel is from where I spent my childhood. The underlined part is-
(a) a noun clause (b) an adjective clause
(c) an adverbial clause (d) noun

Complement দহলসলে: ক োন েোল যর subject ক ের্েনো রলত linking verb এর পর noun clause েলস।

Linking verb Noun clause (Complement)

Subject am/is/are/was/were/seem/taste/feel etc. WH word/that + subject + verb + object

01. Life is what you make it. The underlined clause is-
(a) Noun clause (b) Adjective clause
(c) Adverb clause (d) Noun phrase
 Adjective Clause

❑ Adjective clause ক োন sentence এ েলস adjective এর নযয় noun/pronoun ক modify লর।

মলন রোখ্ুন- Adjective সোযোরর্ত: noun এর আলগ অথেো Linking verb এর পলর েলস, দ ন্তু Adjective Clause এর
অেস্থোন সেসময় noun এর পলর েলস। Adjective clause ক Relative Clause ও েেো হয়।

01. He tells a tale that sounds untrue. The underlined clause is a /an _____________
(a) Adjective clause (b) Adverb clause
(c) Noun clause (d) Pronoun & Antecedent
 Adverbial Clause

❑ কয dependent clause দি adverb এর মত োজ লর অথেোৎ, স্থোন, োে, োরর্, উলেেয, যরন, ফেোফে ইতযোদি প্র োে
লর তোল adverbial clause েলে।
Adverb Clause of Manner: Adverb Clause of Manner ক োন োজ দ ্োলে ঘিলেো তো দনলিেে লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: Sub-ordinate clause দি how, as, as if, like দিলয় শুরু হয়।
♦ You talk just like my father does.
♦ He looked at me as though I was an idiot.

Adverb clause of Purpose: Adverb clause of purpose ক োন োলজর উলেেয দনলিেে লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: sub-ordinate clause দি so, so that, in order that ও lest দিলয় শুরু হয়।
♦ We eat so that we may live.
♦ Read it very carefully lest you should miss any point.
Adverb clause of Cause/Reason: Adverb clause of Cause/Reason ক োন ঘিনো সংঘিলনর োরর্ দনলিেে লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: Sub-ordinate clause দি because, as, since দিলয় শুরু হয়।
♦ I do it because I like it.
♦ Since you are clever, you can explain this.
 Adverbial Clause

Adverb Clause of condition: Adverb Clause of condition ক োন ঘিনো ঘিোর েতে প্র োে লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: Sub-ordinate clause দি if, whether, unless দিলয় শুরু হয়।
♦ If he wanted, I would help him.
♦ Unless you study hard, you will not pass the exam.
Adverb Clause of Degree: Adverb Clause of Degree িুদি োলজর তুেনোমূে অেস্থো েুঝোলনোর জনয েযেহোর
হয়।
কেনোর উপোয়: sub-ordinate clause দি than, as দিলয় শুরু হয।
♦ He is an stupid as he is lazy.
♦ He spends more than he earns.
Adverb clause of Time: Adverb clause of Time ক োন ঘিনো সংঘিলনর সময় দনলিেে লর।।
কেনোর উপোয়: Sub-ordinate clause দি when, whenever, while, after, before, since, as, till/until, so
long as, as soon as, no sooner ..... than ইতযোদি দিলয় শুরু হলে।
✓ Wait for a green light before you cross a street.
✓ Do not disturb me when I am busy with my work.
 Phrases

Noun phrase: Noun phrase েো য েলস noun মত োজ লর।

কেনোর উপোয়ঃ এ দি Noun phrase- ও েো য subject, object, complement, preposition- এর object দহলসলে
েযেহৃত হলয় থোল দি কতমদন Noun phrase-ও েোল য subject, object, complement, preposition- এর object
দহসোলে েলস।
Qualifying in the admission test is not easy.
(a) main phrase (b) noun phrase (c) adjective phrase (d) adverbial phrase
Adjective Phrases: Adjective Phrase েোল য েযেহৃত হলয় ক োন noun, pronoun েো noun phrase এর কিোে, গুন,
অেস্থো ইতযোদি প্র োে লর। কেনোর উপোয়:
♦ noun এর পূ লেে েো পলর েলস noun ক modify লর।
♦ noun এর পলর preposition েো participle দিলয় শুরু হয়।

There is no hard and fast rule in film making the underlined parts is-
(a) Prepositional phrase (b) Adjective phrase (c) Adverbial phrase (d) Noun phrase
 Phrases
Adverbial phrase: adverbial phrase েোল য েযেহৃত হলয় verb দি খ্ন, ক োথোয় এেং দ ্োলে সংঘদিত হয় তো দনলিেে
লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: verb ক How, Where, when, Why িোরো প্রশ্ন রলে Adverbial phrase পোওয়ো যোয়।
01. He is in the room.
(a) Prepositional clause (b) Adverbial phrase
(c) Adjective complement (d) Object complements
Verbal phrase: Verb phase েো য এ গুে েব্দ / এ োদয েব্দ দনলয় verb এর মত োজ লর। এ জোতীয় verb গুলেোল
group- ও েেো হয়।
01. “We look for the brilliant student” What kind of phrase is “look for”?
(a) Adjective phrase (b) Verbal phrase
(c) Adverbial phrase (d) Noun phrase
Prepositional Phrase: Prepositional phrase েো য এ দি preposition- এর নযোয় োজ লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: Prepositional phrase এর শুরু ও কেে Preposition দিলয় হয় এেং সম্পূ র্েিো দমলে এ দি Preposition
এর নযোয় োজ লর।
01. I supported him for the sake of friendship.
(a) Interjectional Phrase (b) Adverbial Phrase
(c) Prepositional Phrase (d) Adjective Phrase
 Phrases

Conjunctional Phrase: Conjunctional phrase েো য Conjunction এর নযযোয় োজ লর।

কেনোর উপোয়ঃ as if/as though, as well as, as soon as, as far as, no sooner had-than,
scarcely had- when, Hardly had- before, either-or, neither- nor, not only-but also
ইতযোদি।
01. I drank water as much as I could. The underlined phrase is a/an
(a) Interjectional phrase (b) Adverbial phrase
(c) Prepositional phrase (d) Conjunctional phrase

Interjectional Phrase: Interjectional phrase েোল য েলস মলনর আ দি আলেগ প্র োে লর।
কেনোর উপোয়: Interjectional Phrase এর কেলে not of exclamation(!) থোল ।
01. Identify the underline Phrase: What a pity! the man is dead.
(a) Interjectional phrase (b) Adverbial phrase
(c) Prepositional phrase (d) Conjunctional phrase
 Clause
❑ Clause Marker মোলঝ েসলে-
Main Clause Clause Marker Dependent Clause
Clause marker েযতীত এ ো ী clause before/after Clause marker সংদিি ডোনপোলের
দি হলে main when/while clause দিই হলে dependent clause
clause/independent clause that/as soon as/if/as if/as (পরোযীন েো যোংে)
(স্বোযীন েো যোংে) though/till/until etc.

❑ Clause marker শুরুলত েসলে-

Clause Marker Dependent Clause, Main Clause
before/after মলন রোখ্ুন- Clause marker সংদিি clause marker েযতীত এ ো ী clause
when/while ডোনপোলের clause দিই হলে dependent দি হলে main clause/independent
that/as soon as/if clause (পরোযীন েো যোংে)। clause marker clause (স্বোযীন েো যোংে)
as if/as though/till/until etc. + dependent clause শুরুলত েসলে এর
পর, ( মো) েলস।
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE
❑ িুদি েো যোংে যখ্ন Present Indefinite Tense হলে:
িুদি দেরন্তন সতয/তেজ্ঞোদন সতয ইতযোদির কক্ষলত্র: িুদি দেরন্তন সতয েো তেজ্ঞোদন সতয ঘিনোর কক্ষলত্র উ্য় অংেই Present
Indefinite Tense হলে।
Present Indefinite Tense + Conjunction + Present Indefinite Tense
(Main Clause) (Dependent Clause)

01. When water _________ it turns into ice.

(a) freezes (b) will freeze
(c) would freeze (d) froze

02. A solar cell is a device that _______

(a) converts light and produces electricity
(b) converted light and produced electricity
(c) converts lighting and produces electricity
(d) conversion of light and producing electricity
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE
❑ িুদি েো যোংলের যখ্ন এ দি Indefinite Tense এেং অনযদি Continuous Tense হলে:
িুদি েতেমোলনর ঘিনো, তলে এ দি েেমোন (Continue) থো লে: যদি িুদি েতেমোন ঘিনো when/while িোরো যুক্ত হয় তোহলে when/while
যুক্ত অংেদি Present continuous tense হয় এেং এর দেপরীত পোলে Present indefinite tense হয়।
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛
Present indefinite tense Present continuous tense
𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑒
(Main clause) (Dependent Clause)
01. Don't make a noise while your father ______.
(a) is being asleep (b) asleep
(c) is sleeping (d) has slept

❑ িুদি অতীলতর ঘিনো, তলে এ দি েেমোন (Continue): when/while/as যুক্ত অংেদি যদি Past continuous tense
হয় তোহলে তোর দেপরীত অংলে Past indefinite tense হয়। এখ্োলন অতীলতর িুদি োলজর এ দি েেমোন (continue)
দেে েুঝোলে।
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛
Past indefinite tense + 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑒 + Past Continuous tense
𝑎𝑠
(Main Clause) (Dependent Clause)
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE
❑ যখ্ন িুদি েো যোংলের এ দি Future Tense এেং অনযদি Present Tense হয়ঃ
িুদি ্দেেযলতর ঘিনো: িুদি ্দেেযৎ ঘিনো Conjunction (when, before, after, till, until) িোরো যুক্ত হলে Conjunction
যুক্ত অংলে Present Indefinite Tense হয় এেং অপর অংলে Future Indefinite Tense হয়।

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛, 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒,
Future Indefinite Tense + + Present Indefinite Tense
𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟, 𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑙, 𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑙

01. I will phone you when I ______ the news.

(a) am getting (b) get
(c) will get (d) will be getting

02. When I _____ money, I will buy a book.

(a) may get (b) may be got
(c) will get (d) get
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE
❑ প্রলতয দি Expression এ had auxiliary থো োয় তোরপলর main verb 𝒗𝟑 হলে। এেং অপর অংে Past Indefinite
Tense হলে।
No sooner had + subject + V3 than + Past Indefinite
Scarcely had + subject + V3 when + Past Indefinite
Hardly had + subject + V3 before + Past Indefinite

01. Identify the correct sentence:

(a) No sooner had we reached the station the train left
(b) No sooner had we reached the station then the train left
(c) No sooner had we reached the station the train had left
(d) No sooner had we reached the station than the train left
02. No sooner had he left ______ I came.
(a) then (b) than
(c) when (d) after
03. Hardly had the train stopped ______.
(a) before we got down (b) as we got down
(c) than we got down (d) when we got down
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE

❑ Since হলত/কথল , কযলহতু ( োরর্ অলথে)

Since (হলত/কথল ) িোরো িুদি েো যোংে যুক্তহলে Since এর পূ লেে Present Indefinite অথেো Present Perfect হলে
Since এর পর Past Indefinite হয়। এলক্ষলত্র Since হলত/কথল অলথে েযেহৃত হলে।

Present Indefinite অথেো Present Perfect + Since + Past Indefinite

01. It is two years ______ I had a holiday.

(a) since (b) when
(c) while (d) whence

02. Twenty years ______ since my father died.

(a) are passed (b) passed
(c) have passed (d) had passed
 SEQUENCE OF TENSE
❑ এ দি ম অতীত ও অনযদি কেদে অতীত হলে ‘হলত/কথল ’ অলথে since এর পূ েে Past Indefinite Tense হলে since
এর পলর Past Perfect Tense হলে।

Past Indefinite Tense + Since + Past Perfect

01. The suffered much ______ tornado had hit their village.
(a) until (b) since
(c) as if (d) let alone
02. Ten years passed since Rahim _______ you again.
(a) meet (b) met
(c) had met (d) met
03. I mentioned that he ___________ in my room the previous day.
(a) will lie (b) would lie
(c) had lain (d) had laid
 POLL QUESTION-03

❑ "She doesn't take tea.” The correct response is __________

(a) "Nor I too"

(b) "I like chocolate"
(c) "Neither do I"
(d) "Why aren't you?"
 Affirmative Agreement
❖ When indicating that one person or thing does something and then adding that another does the
same, use the word so or too. To avoid needless repetition of words from the affirmative
statement, use the conjunction and, followed by a simple statement using so or too. The order of
this statement will depend on whether so or too is used.

▪ I am happy, and you are too.

▪ I am happy, so are you.
01. “I am a student.” The correct response may be _____________________.
(a) ‘Neither am I’ (b) ‘Me either’ (c) ‘So am I’ (d) ‘It's my pleasure’

02. You like chocolate __________________.

(a) and me too (b) and I too (c) and I also (d) and so do I
 Negative Agreement
❖ Either and neither function in simple statements much like so and too in affirmative sentences.
However, either and neither are used to indicate negative agreement. The same rules for
auxiliaries, be and do, does, or did apply.

▪ She is not in agreement, and I'm not either.

▪ She is not in agreement, and neither am I.

01. "You don't like milk.” The correct response is —

(a) "Nor I too" (b) "I like chocolate“ (c) "Neither do I" (d) "Why aren't you?"

02. Runa can not type well and her sister _____________.
(a) can either (b) neither can (c) either can’t (d) can’t either
 Parallelism

Parallelism is the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in
their construction, sound, meaning, or meter. Parallelism examples are found in literary works as
well as in ordinary conversations.

rich handsome many people like him

Not parallel: Peter is , and .
[adjective] [adjective] [clause]

rich handsome Popular

Parallel: Peter is , and .
[adjective] [adjective] [adjective]

to fish swim surfing

Not parallel: She likes , and .
[infinitive] [simple form] [verb+ing]

to fish to fish to surf

Parallel: She likes , and .
[infinitive] [infinitive] [infinitive]

fishing swimming surfing

OR, She likes , and .
[verb+ing] [verb+ing] [verb+ing]
 Parallelism (Practice)
▪ For better or _____ the mobile phone is a very useful device of people’s lives.
(a) good (b) sad (c) well (d) worse

▪ In an admission test to answer correctly is more important than ________.

(a) you finish quickly (b) finishing quickly
(c) quick finish (d) to finish quickly
 Dangling Modifier

❖ A misplaced modifier is a participial phrase or other modifier that comes before the subject,
but does not refer to the subject.
⚫ While walking along the road, a box was found by Rahim. (INCORRECT)
✓ While walking along the road, Rahim found a box. (CORRECT)

▪ “Climbing up a tree, I saw a grey monkey.” – who was climbing up the tree?
(a) a monkey (b) the speaker (c) somebody (d) no one

▪ While going to class, _____________ .

(a) the dog bitten me (b) I bit the dog
(c) dog bit me (d) I was bitten by a dog
 Analogy

❑ Choose the pair which best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed by
the capitalised pair.
01. Light: Blind::
(a) Voice : vibration (b) Tongue : sound
(c) Language : deaf (d) Speech : dumb

02. After: Before::

(a) First : second (b) Contemporary : historic
(c) Present : past (d) Successor : predecessor
 POLL QUESTION-05

❑ Select the correct sentence:

(a) The greater the demand, the high is the price.

(b) He was the most extraordinary person I have ever met.
(c) She was inferior to me.
(d) He was worst of the two boys.
 Narration

❑ Word/phrases এর পদরেতেন:
Direct েোংেো অথে Indirect েোংেো অথে
thus এ্োলে so তোই
hither (দহিোর) এদিল thither কসদিল
hence এখ্োন কথল thence কসখ্োন কথল
come আসো go যোওয়ো
here এখ্োলন there কসখ্োলন
this ইহো/এই that উহো/ঐ
these এগুলেো those এগুলেো
now এখ্ন then তখ্ন
today আজ that day ঐ দিন
tonight আজ রোলত that night ঐ রোলত
ago আলগ before আলগ
the day before/the
yesterday গত োে আলগর দিন
previous day
 Narration

❑ Word/phrases এর পদরেতেন:

Direct েোংেো অথে Indirect েোংেো অথে

yesterday morning গত োে স োলে the previous morning আলগর দিন স োলে

last night গত রোলত the night before/the previous night আলগর রোলত

last week গত সপ্তোলহ the previous week আলগর সপ্তোলহ

tomorrow আগোমী োে the next day পলরর দিন

tomorrow morning আগোমী োে স োে the next morning পলরর দিন স োে

next week পরেতেী সপ্তোলহ the following week সোমলনর সপ্তোলহ

the same day এ ই দিন the following day/the next day পলরর দিন
 Narration
❑ Subject + proposed/suggested + (object) + gerund (v ing) + ..........

01. The indirect form of "Let's sell the house", said Reaz.
"Let's not" said Rina would be-
(a) Reaz told to sell the house but Rina opposed
(b) Reaz proposed to sell the house while Rina opposed
(c) Reaz and Rina could not reach and agreement in selling the house
(d) Reaz suggested selling the house but Rina objected

❑ Let me/him/her থো লে Indirect Structure:

Subject + Reporting verb + that + subject + might/might be allowed to + v1 + ...

01. He said, "Let me have some milk' make it indirect

(a) He said that he wanted some milk.
(b) He prayed that he might have some milk
(c) He wished that he might have some milk.
(d) He said that he might have some milk.
 Narration

❑ েোল য good morning/good afternoon/good evening থো লে said পদরেতলতে wished এেং good bye/good
might/farewell থো লে said পদরেলতে bade েলস।
subject + wished/bade + Indirect Object + direct Object
অথেো
Subject + wished/ bade+direct Object + to + Indirect Object

01. What is the indirect speech of the sentence.

He said, "Good morning sir"?
(a) He respectfully wished good morning to the person spoken to
(b) He respectfully wishes good morning to the person spoken to
(c) He respectfully wish good morning to the person spoken to
(d) He respectfully wished good morning to the person spoke to
 Narration

❑ Vocative Case এর Narration: Narration এ োউল সলবোযন রলে তোল সম্ভে হলে object এ দনলয়
আসো, তোল েোি কিয়ো অথেো addressing দিলয় েো য শুরু রো কযলত পোলর।
addressing + reporting verb এর object (যদি থোল ) + as + যোল সলবোযন রো হলয়লে ( মো), +
reporting verb এর subject এর pronoun form + reporting verb + to + verb ......
Direct : Lina said to me, "Friend, listen to me."
Indirect : Addressing me as friend, She requested me to listen to her.

01. "Come in, my friend." said I েো যদির indirect speech হলে-

(a) Addressing him as my friend, I told him to go in.
(b) Addressing him as my friend, I asked him to go in.
(c) Addressing him as my friend, I have said him to in
(d) Addressing him as my friend, I told him to come in.
 Narration
❑ Direct Narration এ By Allah, By God ইতযোদি থো লে Indirect Narration এ swearing by + কয নোলম
েপথ রো হয়, subject + verb .... েসলে।

01. By Allah he replied, "I will not leave this house."

(a) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he will not leave that house
(b) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he won't leave.
(c) Swearing by Allah, he replied that he would not leave that house.
(d) None of these

02. "I'll have a cup of tea, "my father said, "Because I'm not hungry."
(a) My father said that he will have a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(b) My father said that he would have4 had a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(c) My father said that he would have a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
(d) My father said that he had a cup of tea because he wasn't hungry.
 VOICE CHANGE
❖ Auxiliary verb:
Tense Active Passive
Present Indefinite Tense Do/does Am/is/are
Present Continuous Tense Am/is/are Am being/is being/are being
Present Perfect Tense Have/has Have been/has been
Past Indefinite Tense did Was/were
Past Continuous Tense Was/were Was being/were being
Past Perfect Tense had Had been
Future Indefinite Tense Shall/will Shall be/will be
Future Continuous Tense Shall be/will be Shall be being/will be being
Future Perfect Tense Shall have/will have Shall have been/will have been
 Voice

❖ Factitive object/Complementary object যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর

রোর দনয়ম-
Factitive object/Complementary object( select, elect, nominate, make, call, name
ইতযোদি transitive verb থো ো সলেও সম্পূ র্ে রুলপ অথে প্র োে রলত পোলর নো। পদরপূর্ে অথে প্র োে
রোর জনয অদতদরক্ত object আনলত হয়। এইরুপ অদতদরক্ত object ক Factitive object/-
Complementary object েলে।
Structure:
নোমেোে object দির (me, us, you, them, him, her) object দি subject হয়। + tense ও
person অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + Factitive object + by +
subject এর object।
Active: They made me captain.
Passive: I was made captain by them.
Active: We call him liar.
Passive: He is called liar by us
 Voice

❖ Reflexive object (myself, ourselves, yourselves, yourself, themselves, himself, herself)

যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Active voice subject দি অপদরেদতেত অেস্থোয় passive voice এর subject দহলসলে হলে + tense
ও person অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + Reflexive
object েসলে।
Active: He hanged himself.
Passive: He was hanged by himself.
Active: You killed yourself.
Passive: You were killed by yourself.
 Voice

❖ Intransitive verb যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
সোযোরর্ত Intransitive verb এর passive voice হয় নো। তলে Intransitive verb এর পলর
preposition যুক্ত হলয় যদি group verb গিন লর এেং তো Intransitive verb দহলসলে েযেহৃত
হয় তোহলে –
Structure: Object দি subject + tense অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle
form + প্রিত্ত preposition + by + subject দির object।
Active: The truck run over the boy.
Passive: The boy was run over by the truck.
Active: They looked at the poor man.
Passive: The poor man was looked at by them.
 Voice

❖ Subject + verb + object + present participle যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ
রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Object এর subject + tense ও person অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle
form + present participle যুক্ত অংেদি + by + subject এর object.
Active: I saw him playing cricket.
Passive: He was seen playing cricket by me.
Active: I took him for a friend.
Passive: He was taken for a friend by me.
 Voice
❖ Imperative sentence এর active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রলত কগলে সেেিো Let আসলে দনয়ম-
(A) শুযু মোত্র মূ ে verb দিলয় শুরু যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Let + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Close the door.
Passive: Let the door be closed.
Active: Shut the window.
Passive: Let the window be shut.
❖ Do not দিলয় শুরু যুক্ত যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Let not + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Do not close the door.
Passive: Let not the door be closed.
Active: Do not shut the window.
Passive: Let not the window be shut.
 Voice

(C) Let এর পর যদি ক োন েযদক্তেোে object (me, us, you, them, him, her)থোল এেং তো যদি
Imperative sentence হয়, তোহলে active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Let + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form + by + েযদক্তেোে object.
Active: Let me play football.
Passive: Let the football be played by me.
Active: Let us sing a song.
Passive: Let a song be sung by us.
Active: Let him give the chance.
Passive: Let the chance be given by him.
 Voice
(D) Never যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Let not + object এর subject + ever be + verb এর past participle form
Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let not a lie ever be told.
Active: Never do this.
Passive: Let not this ever be done.

(E) মূ ে verb এর পর যদি ক োন েযদক্তেোে object (me, us, you, them, him, her) থোল এেং তো যদি
Imperative sentence হয়, তোহলে active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure: Let + direct object দি েসলে (মূ ে verb এর পর কয object দি থোল + be + verb এর past
participle form + for + েযদক্তেোে object
Active: Buy me a shirt.
Passive: Let a shirt be bought for me.
Active: Give me a glass of water.
Passive: Let a glass of water be given for me.
 Voice
❖ Interrogative sentence যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
A) Structure:
Interrogative sentence ক Assertive sentence এ রূপোন্তর লর দনলত হলে + রুপোন্তদরত Assertive sentence এর
active voice কথল passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রলত হলে + এেোর রুপোন্তদরত passive voice এর auxiliary verb
দিল প্রথলম েসোলত হলে + কেলে প্রশ্নলেোয দেহ্ন েলস। **** Tense অনু সোলর রলত হলে।

Example 1: Example 2:
Active: Have you eaten rice? Active: Is he reading a book?
Assertive: You have eaten rice. Assertive: He is reading a book.
Assertive এর passive: Rice has been eaten by you. Assertive এর passive: A book is being read by him.
Passive এ রূপোন্তর: Has rice been eaten by you? Passive এ রূপোন্তর: Is a book being read by him?

Example 3:
Active: Did you play football?
Assertive: You played football.
Assertive এর passive: Football was played by you.
Passive এ রূপোন্তর: Was football played by you?
 Voice
❖ Who যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Who এর পদরেলতে By whom + tense ও person অনু যোয়ী Auxiliary verb + object এর subject + অলন
সময় tense অনু যোয়ী তেোর পলর be/ being/ been েসোলত হয় + verb এর past participle form + ?.
Active: Who is playing football?
Passive: BY whom is football being played?
Active: Who will help me?
Passive: By whom will I be helped?
(C) Whom যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
Whom এর পদরেলতে who + tense ও person অনু যোয়ী
Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by + subject এর object +?
Active: Whom did you see on the road?
Passive: Who was seen by you on the road?
Active: Whom has he murdered in this home?
Passive: Who is murdered by him in this home?
 Voice
(D) What যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
What + tense ও person অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + by +
subject এর object +?
Active: What do you want?
Passive: What is wanted by you?
 Voice

❖ Double object যুক্ত active voice ক passive voice এ রূপোন্তর রোর দনয়ম-
Structure:
িুইিো object এর কয ক োন এ দি subject রলত হয় (personal object ক subject এ রূপোন্তর
রলে ্োে) + verb এর past participle form + tense ও person অনুযোয়ী Auxiliary verb +
প্রিত্ত েোদ object দি েলস + by + active voice এর subject দি object রুলপ হয়।
Active: I gave him a flower.
Passive: He was given a flower by me.
Active: He teaches us math.
Passive: We are taught English by him.
 Article
 A, An ও The ক Article েলে। Article েো পিোদিত দনলিেে সোযোরর্ত Noun, Adjective েো Adverb এর পূ লেে েলস এেং এগুলেোর
োজ হলে পিদি দনদিেি নো অদনদিেি তো দনলিেে রো। োজ ও উৎপদত্ত অনু সোলর Article সোযোরর্ত Adjective দহলসলে েযেহৃত হয়।

Article িুই্োলগ দে্ক্ত। যথো:

(i) Definite Article (ii) Indefinite Article

(i) Definite Article: কয Article দনদিেি ক োলনো েযোদক্ত, েস্তু েো প্রোর্ীল দনলিেে লর, তোল Definite Article েলে। ‘The’ হলে
Definite Article।এিো Singular ও Plural উ্য় প্র োর Noun- এর পূ লেে েলস। দ ন্তু সোযোরর্ Plural Noun- এর পূ লেে Article ‘The’
েলস নো যদি কসদি দনদিেি রো নো হয়। কযমন-
Singular Plural
The cow – গরুদি The cows – গরুগুলেো

(ii) Indefinite Article: কয Article দেলেে ক োলনো েযদক্ত, েস্তু েো প্রোর্ীল দনদিেি েযদক্ত, েস্তু েো প্রোর্ীল েুঝোয়,তোল Indefinite Article
েলে। ꞌAꞌ ও ꞌAnꞌ -ক Indefinite Article েলে। এগুলেো সেসময় Singular Countable- এর পূ লেে েলস। অথেগত দি কথল Aও An
এর মলযয ক োলনো পোথে য কনই। তলে েযেহোলরর দি কথল এলির মলযয পোথে য রলয়লে। কযমন-
An elephant–– এ দি হোদত A bird – এ দি পোদখ্
 Position of Article (A/An & The)

 Article হলে এ যরলনর Determiner, যো ক োন Noun এর পূলেে a/an েলস ঐ Noun ক modify
লর। A/an েলস Singular Countable Noun এর পূলেে এেং The েলস Singular Countable
Noun, Plural Countable Noun ও Uncountable Noun এর পূলেে।

Singular Countable Noun

(the book, the pen, the apple)

A
R
Singular Countable Noun T Plural Countable Noun
A/An I The
(a book, a pen, an apple) C (the books, the pens, the apples)
L
E

Uncountable Noun
(the water, the milk)
 Article

 A নোদ An ক োনদি েসলে?

 A(অযো) এেং An (অযোন) হলে Indefinite Article. Singular Common/Countable Noun এর পূ লেে A েসলে নোদ
An েসলে কসদি Pronunciation (Vowel sound ও Consonant sound) এর উপর দন্ের রলে। Consonant sound
(েযঞ্জন ধ্বদন) হলে a েসলে এেং Vowel sound (স্বরধ্বদন) হলে an েসলে।

❖ A + Consonant letter ❖ An + Vowel letter (অেেযই Vowel sound হলত হলে)

(অেেযই Consonant sound হলত হলে) কযমন- an egg, an apple, an ox, an ant,

কযমন- a bag, a boy, a book, a cat, a an umbrella, an ice-cream, an inch

chair, a mango, a tiger

 Article
❖ An + Consonant letter (অেেযই vowel sound
❖ A + Vowel letter (অেেযই consonant sound হলত হলে) হলত হলে)
✓ u/eu/ew দিলয় শুরু word এর উচ্চোরর্ consonant sound
y(you) এর মত হয়, তখ্ন এলির পূ লেে a েলস। ✓ অনু চ্চোদরত (h silent) কথল vowel sound উচ্চোদরত
হলে an েলস। কযমন- an hour (আওয়োর), an honest
কযমন- a unit (younit), a union (younion), university
(অলনস্ট), an heir (এয়োর)।
(youniversity), a eulogy (youlogy), a European
(youropean), a euphemism (youphemism), a ewe (you) আেোর H এর উচ্চোরর্ ‘হ’ এর মলতো হলে তোহলে
স্বো্োদে ্োলেই article a েলস। কযমন: a horse, a
history, a hotel, a handle ইতযোদি।
✓ O এর উচ্চোরর্ consonant sound w (ওয়ো) এর মত হলে এর পূ লেে
a েলস। কযমন- a one eyed man, a one-dayer, a one-act ✓ েলব্দর সংদক্ষপ্ত রূপ এর প্রথম অক্ষর consonant হওয়ো
play, a one taka note সলেও তোর উচ্চোরলর্ vowel sound আসলে তোর আলগ
an েলস। দনলের ের্েগুলেোর উচ্চোরর্ সেসময় vowel
✓ েলব্দর সংদক্ষপ্ত রূপ এর উচ্চোরলর্ Vowel sound নো এলস a/e দিলয় হয়, তোই এই ের্েগুলেো দিলয় abbreviations
consonant sound আসলে a েলস। দেখ্লে সেসময় an েলস।
কযমন: a BSC, a BA, a BBA f (ef) l(el) m(em) s(es)
কযমন- an FRCS, an LLB, an MP & an SP
 practice

01. He is ––––––––––– FRCS.

(a) an (b) a (c) the (d) no article
02. He is ––––––––––– honest man.
(a) the (b) an (c) a (d) none
03. The king left ––––––––––– heir.
(a) the (b) a (c) an (d) two
04. He is ––––––––––– BBA student.
(a) a (b) an (c) the (d) None
05. He maintains ––––––––––– office.
(a) a (b) an (c) the (d) this
06. I am standing here for ––––––––––– hour.
(a) the (b) an (c) a (d) two
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (A)
Abbreviate –েব্দ সংদক্ষপ্ত রো Abbreviation –েব্দ সংলক্ষপন
Abhorrence – ঘৃর্ো রো Abundance – অদত প্রোেুযে
Accessories – আনু েদি উপ রর্ Acceleration – গদতেৃদদ্ধ রো
Accede – রোদজ হওয়ো Achievement – অজেন
Accommodation – দনেোসন Acknowledgement – সতয স্বী োর
Accuracy – সদি তো, যথোথেতো Acquittal – খ্োেোস
Adulteration – ক্জোে, অপদমির্ Alien –েদহরোগত, দ্নলিেী
Alleviation – হ্রোস েো দেলমোেন Anachronism – োলের অসিদত
Analytical – দেলিের্ দন্ের Anterior – পূ েেেতেী
Anniversary – েোদেে ী Apparatus – ক োন উলেলেয এ লত্র সদিলেদেত যন্ত্রপোদত
Apprehend –েুঝলত পোরো Appearance– কেহোরো
Appetence– তীব্র আ োক্ষো Appropriate – যথোযথ
Ascertain – দনদিত রো Assassination – গুপ্তহতযো
Assessment – মূ েযদনযেোরর্ Attempt –উিযম, কেিো
Attendance– উপদস্থদত Attainment – অজেন; প্রোদপ্ত
Authoritative – অদয োর আলে এমন, তৃেপক্ষীয় Awful – ্য়োন ।
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (b)

Belligerent – [েযদক্ত/জোদত] যুদ্ধরত Brilliant – িীদপ্তময়, কমযোেী

Bouquet [েুল ই] – ফুলের কতোডো, মলির গন্ধ Bowler – েে কখ্েোর কখ্লেোয়োড
Bureaucracy – আমেোতন্ত্র Bachelor – ু মোর, অদেেোদহত পুরুে
Bureaucrat – আমেো Bilirubin – দেদেরুদেন
Buffalo – মদহে Bellicosity – যুদ্ধ, দেেোি
Bourgeois – সম্পিেোেী Blossom – মু ু ে
Bourgeoisie – সমদিগত্োলে মযযদেত্ত
Blaspheme – অেোেীন ্োেোয় ঈশ্বর েো যমেল আক্রমর্ রো
কিদর্
Buoyant – প্লেনেীে Bourgeois – মযযদেত্ত কিদর্
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (C)
Cadaverous – মডোমুলখ্ো Curiosity – ঔৎসু য
Catastrophe – দেপযেয় Caffeine – যোদফন
Chrysanthemum – কসোনোেী পুষ্পদেলেে Cigarette – দসগোলরি
Challenge – কিষ্ঠত্ব প্রমোলর্র জনয প্রদতিদিতোর আহ্বোন Courteous – ্দ্র
Committee – দমদি Colonel – লনেে
Commentary – মন্তেয, িী ো Certificate – সোদিেদফল ি, প্রতযয়ন রো
Commission – দমেন Conscience – দেলে
Colleague – সহ মেী Conscientious – দেলে েোন
Conqueror – জয়ী, দেলজতো Councillor – উপলিিো, পদরেলির সিসয
Connoisseur – সমঝিোর Cessation – দেরদত
Conveyance – পদরেহন Camouflage – পিলেে
Corruption – িুনেীদত Courier– ু দরয়োর; সর োলরর গুরুত্বপূ র্ে সংেোিেহন োরী েযদক্ত
Credential – প্রমোর্পত্র, প্রেংসোপত্র Ceiling – ঘলরর েোলির েো েোেোর দনলে দপি
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (D)

Discussion – আলেোেনো Disaster – দেপযেয়

Diarrhea / Diarrhoea – উিরোময় Descend – অেতরর্ রো

Dysentery – আমোেয় Diagnosis – করোগ দনর্েয়।

Dilemma – উ্য়সঙ্কি Dialogue – সংেোপ।

Discipline – দনয়মোনু েদতেতো Dossier – সংদক্ষপ্তসোর

Dissonance – অনন য Deceive – প্রতোদরত রো, ি োলনো।

Desiccate – শুদ্ধ রো Diphtheria – ণ্ঠনোেীর সংক্রোম করোগ দেলেে

 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (E)
Efficiency – িক্ষতো Equivalent – সমোথে েস্তু
Eligible – কযোগয। Evanescence – দেেুদপ্ত
Elephantiasis – পো কফোেো করোগ Excessive – অদতদরক্ত
Einstein – আইনস্টোইন Expeditious – দ্রুত
Embarrassing – অস্বদি Exemplary – িৃ িোন্তস্বরূপ
Embassy – িূ তোেোস। Extension – সম্প্রসোরর্, দেিোর
Encouragement – উৎসোহ Expedient – নীদতদেলরোযী হলেও সু দেযোজন
Encyclopaedia (Bre] /Encyclopedia (Ame] –
Explanation – েযোখ্যো
দেশ্বল োে
Environment – পদরলেে Experiment – গলেের্ো, পরীক্ষো
Enthusiastic – অতুযৎসোহী Exuberance– প্রোেুযে, সমৃদদ্ধ
Entrepreneur – উলিযোক্তো Exaggerate – অদতরদঞ্জত রো
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (F)
Familiar – কেনোজোনো Fictitious – েোিে নয়, দিত েো আদেষ্কৃত

Foreigner – দেলিেী Flattery – কতোেোলমোি, েোিুেোদিতো

Forfeit – [অদয োর] কখ্োয়োলনো Foresee – আগোম জোনো

Fulfill – পূ র্ে রো Forcibly – জেরিদি

Fuelling – জ্বোেোদন Frisson – দেহরর্, করোমোঞ্চ

Fallacious – প্রতোর Frustration –– আেো্ি, েযথেতো

Fascination – আ েের্ Folklore – কেো োেোরদেিযো

 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (G)

Gazette – কগলজি, সর োদর ইেলতহোর Governor – রোজযপোে

Genius – প্রদত্ো Grievance – িুঃখ্–িুিেেো

Genuine – খ্োাঁদি Guarantee – দনিয়তো, জোমোনত

Giraffe – দজরোফ Guardian – অদ্্োে

Grievance – িুঃখ্–িুিেেো Guerrilla – কগদরেো কযোদ্ধো

Glorious – েমৎ োর Gonorrhea – কযৌনেযোদযদেলেে

Government –সর োর Gymnasium –– েরীরেেেো ক ন্দ্র

 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (G)
Handkerchief – রুমোে Humorous – রসোত্ম , সরস
Hemorrhage – রক্তক্ষরর্ Hierarchy – দেেপমণ্ডেী
Headache – মোথোেযথো Hindrance – অন্তরোয়, দেঘ্ন
Heterogeneous –– দেদ্ি উপোিোলন গদিত, অসমসে Hypocrisy – ্ন্ডোমী
 Spelling Mistakes (H)
Illogical – অলযৌদক্ত Indecision – দসদ্ধোন্তহীনতো
Immediately – অদেেলব Incalculable – অপদরলময়
Incidentally – প্রসিক্রলম Impressionable – সহজপ্রের্
Indispensable – অপদরহোযে Irresistible – অপ্রদতলরোযয, িুদনেেোর
Institution – প্রেতেন, দেযোন Influenza – ইনফ্লুলয়ঞ্জো
Interrupt – দেঘ্ন সৃ দি রো Incandescent – ্োস্বর।
Irrelevant – অপ্রোসদি Intention – অদ্প্রোয়, অদ্সদন্ধ
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (J)
Jamboree – আনন্দ কমেো Jeopardize – দেপিগ্রস্থ রো
Jaundice – পোণ্ডুলরোগ Judicious – দেেক্ষর্
Jealous – ঈেেো োতর Juvenile – তরুর্, স্বিেয়স্ক
Jurisdiction – দেেোরেযেস্থো Jewellery/Jewelry – অেঙ্কোর
 Spelling Mistakes (K)
Kaleidoscope [ ো’েোইডোসল ৌপ] – কখ্েনো িুরেীন দেলেে Kindergarten – দেশুদেিযোেয়
Kernel – মমেস্থে
 Spelling Mistakes (L)
Laboratory – গলেের্োগোর Litterateur – সোদহদতয
Largesse – উিোর িোন Lieutenant – দনম্নপিস্থ কসনোপদত
Leisure – অে োে, অেসর Lilliputian – েোমন
Licence [Bre]/ License [Ame] – অনু মদত কিয়ো Luxury – দেেোদসতো
Liaison – িুই পলক্ষর সংলযোগ েো কযোগোলযোগ Longitude – দ্রোদঘমোলরখ্ো
Literature – সোদহতয Loneliness – এ ো ীত্ব
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (M)
Magnificent – েম প্রি Mustache [Ame]/ Moustache [Bre] – কগোফ
Magnanimous – মহোনু ্ে Messenger – েোতেোেোহ
Malnutrition – অপুদি Millennium – সহস্রোব্দ
Massage – অিসংেোহন Miscellaneous – দেদেয
Meanness – হীনমনো েযদক্ত Maintenance – রক্ষর্োলেক্ষর্
Mirror – আয়নো Millionaire – িে েক্ষ ডেোর, ক োদিপদত
Missionary – যমেপ্রেোর Mortgage – েন্ধ েো করহোন কিয়ো, েন্ধ
Misspell – েোনোন ্ুে রো Mongoose – কেদজ
Mnemonic – িৃদতপ্রেতে Murderer – খ্ুদন
Misogyny – নোরীদেলিে Mysterious – রহসযময়
Molasses – কঝোেোগুড Monetary – মুদ্রো
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (N)
Necessary – আেেয Nuisance – উৎপোত, দেডবনো
Necessity – আেেয তো Nescience – জ্ঞোলনর অ্োে
Neutral – দনরলপক্ষ Negligible – সোমোনয, তুে

 Spelling Mistakes (O)

Obstacle – েোযো, প্রদতেন্ধ Oscillation – কিোেন
Observance – আইন, দনয়ম, প্রথো Orchestra – ঐ তোন–েোি িে
Occasionally – মোলঝ–মলযয Overrun – েদডলয় পডো, েোদডলয় যোওয়ো
Occasion – [ক োন দ েু র] উপযুক্ত সময় Optimistic – আেোেোিী
Omission – েোি কিয়ো, েজেন Onomatopoeia – ধ্বনযোত্ম েব্দ েো েব্দগিন
Oppression – পীদডত রো Obscene – অিীে
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (P)
Pamphlet – দেলেেত সমসোমদয় সমসযো দনলয় কেখ্ো
Oscillation – কিোেন
েোাঁযোহীন পুদি ো
Parallel – সমোন্তরোে Posthumous – মরলর্োত্তর
Parliament – সংসি Possession – স্বত্ব, অদয োর
Peripheral – সীমোন্তেতেী Privilege – দেলেেোদয োর
Permissive – অনু মদতিোয় Psychology – মলনোদেিযো, মলনোদেজ্ঞোন
Pernicious – ক্ষদত র Picnicking – েনল্োজলন অংেগ্রহর্ োরী
Perpendicular – উেব করখ্ো Preference – দেলেে অনু রোগ/ অদ্রুদে
Perceive – মলন মলন উপেদদ্ধ রো Prescription – দেযোন
Performance – োযে সম্পোিন Presumptuous – অহঙ্কৃত
Permissible – অনু মদতলযোগয Prominent –উিত, প্র ি
Persuade – [ োউল ] েুঝোলনো Propaganda – রিনো
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (Q)
Questionnaire – প্রশ্নোেদে Quarantine – সিোলরোয
Quarrel – ঝগডো, েহ, দেেোি Quizzical – েঘু পদরহোসমূ ে
Quandary – দিযো Quarrel– ঝগডো

 Spelling Mistakes (R)

Recession [দর’কসেন] – প্রতযোহোর Receive – পোওয়ো, গ্রহর্ রো
Raisin – দ েদমে Recommend – সু পোদরে রো
Realistically – েোিেোনু গ্োলে Renaissance – করলনসোাঁ, পুনজেন্ম
Refrigerator – েীতেঘর Restaurant – করলিোরো
Remembrance – িৃদত, িরর্ Recession – প্রতযোহোর
Representative – প্রদতদনদযত্বমূ ে Reconciliation – দমিমোি, মীমোংসো
Rheumatism –সদন্ধ েোত Recession – প্রতযোহোর
Rhythmical – েলন্দোময় Relevant – প্রোসদি , সম্প েীয়
 SPELLING MISTAKES
 Spelling Mistakes (S)
Satellite – উপগ্রহ Stationary – অনড
Sacrilegious – যমেলদ্রৌদহ Strategy – যুদ্ধদেিযো
Separate – দে্ক্ত, পৃথ Scintillation – ঝ মল
Secretariat -সদেেোেয় Superstitious – ু সংস্কোরোেি
schedule – সময়সূেী symmetry – দেদ্ি অংলের মলযয সোমঞ্জসয েো ্োরসোময
Scissors – োাঁদে Supersede – স্থোন অদয োর রো
Seizure – জব্দ রর্ Subtract – দেলয়োগ রো
Shepherd – কমেপোে Surveillance – সলন্দহ্োজন
Sincerely – অ পি্োলে Supercilious – উে পোলে
Spontaneous – স্বতঃস্ফূতে Susceptible – গ্রহর্েীে, সহজগ্রোহী
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 Spelling Mistakes (T, W)

Tendency – প্রের্তো Triumph – দেজয়, সোফেয

Temperamental – েিলমজোজী Tuition – দেক্ষোিোন

Terrestrial – পৃদথেী সম্পদ েত Tuberculosis – যক্ষ্মোলরোগ

Terra firma – শু লনো জদম Typhoid – সোদিপোদত জ্বর

Tournament – িুনেোলমন্ট Tsunami – সোমুদদ্র ঝড

Tobacco – তোমো গোে/পোতো Twilight – কগোযূ েী, সন্ধযো

Transfiguration – কেহোরো েিে Visionary [দ্জোনদর] – অেোিে, োিদন

Translucent–আলেো েোহী দ ন্তু অস্বে Whisper – দফসদফস লর েেো