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Layout and Site Selection

This document discusses the layout and site selection considerations for a steam power plant. It begins by defining a power plant and describing the basic components and process. Thermal power plants are then classified, with steam power plants using a Rankine cycle to generate electricity from steam. Key factors for selecting a suitable steam power plant site include availability of raw materials like coal, adequate land area, available water sources, and infrastructure for transport, ash disposal, and supplying labor. Diagrams are provided outlining the typical coal, air, water, and cooling circuits that make up a steam power plant layout. Advantages like cheap fuel and reliability are weighed against disadvantages such as pollution, land use, and proximity to load centers and populations.

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jojo panther
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84 views

Layout and Site Selection

This document discusses the layout and site selection considerations for a steam power plant. It begins by defining a power plant and describing the basic components and process. Thermal power plants are then classified, with steam power plants using a Rankine cycle to generate electricity from steam. Key factors for selecting a suitable steam power plant site include availability of raw materials like coal, adequate land area, available water sources, and infrastructure for transport, ash disposal, and supplying labor. Diagrams are provided outlining the typical coal, air, water, and cooling circuits that make up a steam power plant layout. Advantages like cheap fuel and reliability are weighed against disadvantages such as pollution, land use, and proximity to load centers and populations.

Uploaded by

jojo panther
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Steam Power Plant

Layout & Site selection

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Power Plant
• A power plant may be defined as a machine or assembly
of equipment that generates and delivers a flow of
mechanical or electrical energy.
• The main equipment for the generation of electric
power is generator.
• When coupling it to a prime mover runs the generator,
the electricity is generated. The type of prime mover
determines, the type of power plants.

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CLASSIFICATION OF POWER
PLANTS

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Thermal Power plants
1. Steam power plant
2. Diesel power plant
3. Gas turbine power plant
4. Nuclear power plant
Above, power plants are called thermal power
plant. Because these convert heat into electric
energy.
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Coal fired power plant / Thermal Power Plant
/ Steam Power Plant

• A Thermal Power station using water as working fluid, works


basically on the Rankine cycle.
• Steam is Generated in a boiler, expanded in the Prime mover
(Turbine) and condensed in condenser and fed into the boiler
again with the help of Pump.

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Site Selection for Thermal Power plant
 Availability of raw material – 500 MW requires  5000 – 6000 tones of coal/day
 Availability of land – 3-5 acres / MW – 10% building – 33 % coal storage – 27 % cooling
towers – 7 % switch yard – 23 % for other purposes.
 Nature of land – to with stand dead load – minimum bearing capacity should be 10 bar
or 1000 kN/m²
 Cost of land – away from city
 Availability of water – makeup water – large quantity for condenser – ash disposal
 Ash disposal facilities – 1500 – 2000 tons per day -
 Availability of labour
 Public problems
 Transport facilities – railway line or road line to transfer coal bringing heavy machinery
–for employees access

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Power Plant Layout
• Coal and Ash circuit

• Air and Gas circuit

• Feed water and Steam circuit

• Cooling water circuit

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Thermal Power Plant Layout

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Coal and Ash circuit
COAL COAL COAL
DELIVERY UNLOADING PREPARATION

COAL COAL INPLANT


TRANSFER STORAGE HANDLING

FURNACE ASH
ASH STORAGE
(BOILER) HANDLING

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Air and Gas circuit

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Feed water and Steam circuit

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Cooling water circuit

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Advantages
 Cheap Fuel.
 Higher reliability
 Less initial cost as compared to hydro power plants.
 It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal.
 The coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail or road.
 Requires less space as compared to Hydro power plant

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Disadvantages
 Pollution - due to production of large amount of smoke and fumes.
 It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric plants.
 Large area of land required – for Coal and Ash storage
 Ash disposal facilities – a 500 MW plant requires 10 hectares area to a
height of 7 m to dump ash in a year
 Availability of labour – from the construction to boiler operation
 Load centre – near to load centre to reduce transmission losses
 Public problems – to avoid nuisance from smoke, fly ash and heat
discharge, should be located far from towns.

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