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10.1 IELTS Academic Words English Lesson 10 PDF

This document provides definitions and examples for 10 academic vocabulary words: counterproductive, eradicate, criticise, dispute, furthermore, guarantee, harm, and hence. For each word, 3 examples are given to illustrate the meaning and usage in different contexts.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
33 views

10.1 IELTS Academic Words English Lesson 10 PDF

This document provides definitions and examples for 10 academic vocabulary words: counterproductive, eradicate, criticise, dispute, furthermore, guarantee, harm, and hence. For each word, 3 examples are given to illustrate the meaning and usage in different contexts.

Uploaded by

Pawan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Video Lessons

ACADEMIC
VOCABULARY
F O R I E LT S

LESSON 10
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY FOR IELTS
• Nouns
• Verbs
• Adjectives
• Adverbs
• Definitions
• Extra language
COUNTERPRODUCTIVE
• Producing the opposite result or effect to the one wanted or intended
• Giving children a detention as punishment for not working hard in class can be
counterproductive; they learn to associate the classroom with negative
experiences and begin to hate studying altogether.
• It can be counterproductive to incarcerate young offenders. Once in prison,
instead of regretting their crimes, they mix with hardened convicts who encourage
them to commit more offences after being released.
• Offering employees cash bonuses for improved productivity would seem to be a
sensible approach. However, studies indicate that this strategy can, at times, be
counterproductive. Staff may actually become demotivated by the belief that their
bosses do not value them as human beings.
COUNTERPRODUCTIVE
• Giving children a detention as punishment for not working hard in class can be
counterproductive; they learn to associate the classroom with negative
experiences and begin to hate studying altogether.
• It can be counterproductive to incarcerate young offenders. Once in prison,
instead of regretting their crimes, they mix with hardened convicts who encourage
them to commit more offences after being released.
• Offering employees cash bonuses for improved productivity would seem to be a
sensible approach. However, studies indicate that this strategy can, at times, be
counterproductive. Staff may actually become demotivated by the belief that their
bosses do not value them as human beings.
ERADICATE
• To make something disappear; to completely get rid of something
(often something bad)
• The introduction of driverless cars might eradicate human error and
significantly cut the number of accidents on our roads.
• If international bodies such as The World Health Organization
focused on eradicating diseases which kill millions in The Third
World, they could make an almost immediate and marked
difference to the quality of life for so many.
• The eradication of poverty should surely be one of our principal
aims.
ERADICATE
• The introduction of driverless cars might eradicate human error and
significantly cut the number of accidents on our roads.
• If international bodies such as The World Health Organization
focused on eradicating diseases which kill millions in The Third
World, they could make an almost immediate and marked
difference to the quality of life for so many.
• The eradication of poverty should surely be one of our principal
aims.
CRITICISE
• To make negative comments about somebody or something
• Teachers who criticise students are not usually too popular.
• Criticism can be extremely hurtful.
• Critics of compulsory military service believe that it institutionalises
young men and women and teaches them to respect and obey
authority rather than to think for themselves.
• Those who are critical, or over-critical, often find themselves disliked.
However, being entirely uncritical does not necessarily lead to
popularity.
• The situation is critical (very serious)
• Polar bears will soon be critically endangered. (very seriously)
CRITICISE
• Teachers who criticise students are not usually too popular.
• Criticism can be extremely hurtful.
• Critics of compulsory military service believe that it institutionalises
young men and women and teaches them to respect and obey
authority rather than to think for themselves.
• Those who are critical, or over-critical, often find themselves disliked.
However, being entirely uncritical does not necessarily lead to
popularity.
• The situation is critical
• Polar bears will soon be critically endangered.
DISPUTE
• To argue about; to disagree about
• Some dispute the benefits of having parks and gardens in cities.
• Territorial disputes between neighbouring countries need to be
resolved diplomatically rather than by force.
• As far as I am concerned, the advantages of getting up early in the
morning are indisputable.
• It is disputable whether rich people are happier than those with less
money.
• Arguments over disputed territory can easily lead to war.
• In the modern world, money is indisputably more important to
people than it used to be.
DISPUTE
• Some dispute the benefits of having parks and gardens in cities.
• Territorial disputes between neighbouring countries need to be
resolved diplomatically rather than by force.
• As far as I am concerned, the advantages of getting up early in the
morning are indisputable.
• It is disputable whether rich people are happier than those with less
money.
• Arguments over disputed territory can easily lead to war.
• In the modern world, money is indisputably more important to
people than it used to be.
FURTHERMORE
• In addition (to add information which agrees with or supports)
• Learning a foreign language can widen/ broaden our horizons and make us more
aware of the world around us. Furthermore, it can also significantly improve our
cognitive abilities, making us sharper and even more intelligent.
• Having a national minimum wage can safeguard the rights of less powerful
workers. Furthermore, it can lead to greater harmony and integration within the
workplace by reducing the wage gap within a business.
• Some economists are of the opinion that business taxes should be reduced. Others
would go further, proposing a complete abolition of tax on profits made by
companies.
• The possibility that our planet will be hit by a massive meteorite is probably far
smaller than most imagine.
• The figures provided reveal that by far the biggest problem faced by elderly people
is loneliness.
FURTHERMORE
• Learning a foreign language can widen/ broaden our horizons and make us more
aware of the world around us. Furthermore, it can also significantly improve our
cognitive abilities, making us sharper and even more intelligent.
• Having a national minimum wage can safeguard the rights of less powerful
workers. Furthermore, it can lead to greater harmony and integration within the
workplace by reducing the wage gap within a business.
• Some economists are of the opinion that business taxes should be reduced. Others
would go further, proposing a complete abolition of tax on profits made by
companies.
• The possibility that our planet will be hit by a massive meteorite is probably far
smaller than most imagine.
• The figures provided reveal that by far the biggest problem faced by elderly people
is loneliness.
GUARANTEE
• To promise that you will do something or that something will
happen
• It is my fervent hope that, in the future, every government
guarantees basic human rights to all of its citizens.
• Schools need to be able to guarantee the safety of their pupils.
• Undergraduates who receive poor-quality teaching are almost
guaranteed to complain about it. After all, in many cases they have
paid a significant amount of money to the university concerned.
(certain)
• When consumers purchase electronic items, they receive a
guarantee and have the right to return goods which are faulty.
GUARANTEE
• It is my fervent hope that, in the future, every government
guarantees basic human rights to all of its citizens.
• Schools need to be able to guarantee the safety of their pupils.
• Undergraduates who receive poor-quality teaching are almost
guaranteed to complain about it. After all, in many cases they have
paid a significant amount of money to the university concerned.
• When consumers purchase electronic items, they receive a
guarantee and have the right to return goods which are faulty.
HARM
• To damage; to cause problems
• Nicotine can seriously harm our health. I find it incomprehensible
that governments do not make cigarettes illegal.
• Alcohol can cause considerable harm.
• There is significant evidence to suggest that playing computer
games for lengthy periods can be extremely harmful. Players can
develop both physical and psychological illnesses.
• Although fast-food manufacturers argue that advertising their
products to young children is harmless, others suggest it is actually
insidious.They claim that producers of junk-food are creating lifelong
addicts who will probably become obese and definitely contribute to
the profits of companies such as McDonald’s.
HARM
• Nicotine can seriously harm our health. I find it incomprehensible
that governments do not make cigarettes illegal.
• Alcohol can cause considerable harm.
• There is significant evidence to suggest that playing computer
games for lengthy periods can be extremely harmful. Players can
develop both physical and psychological illnesses.
• Although fast-food manufacturers argue that advertising their
products to young children is harmless, others suggest it is actually
insidious.They claim that producers of junk-food are creating lifelong
addicts who will probably become obese and definitely contribute to
the profits of companies such as McDonald’s.
HENCE
• Therefore; so; as a result; for that reason
• Vast infrastructure projects are far too difficult for individual
companies to organize, hence the need for governments to get
involved.
• Cities which host major football or athletics competitions can reap
enormous rewards, hence the large number of applicants whenever
sporting bodies look for a competition venue.
• Children who play a musical instrument are statistically more likely
to do well academically, hence the desire of parents to enroll their
offspring onto courses where they can learn the violin, cello or piano.
HENCE
• Vast infrastructure projects are far too difficult for individual
companies to organize, hence the need for governments to get
involved.
• Cities which host major football or athletics competitions can reap
enormous rewards, hence the large number of applicants whenever
sporting bodies look for a competition venue.
• Children who play a musical instrument are statistically more likely
to do well academically, hence the desire of parents to enroll their
offspring onto courses where they can learn the violin, cello or piano.
OPPOSE
• To disagree with; to be against; to act against
• I wholeheartedly/ implacably oppose the idea of private education. I believe it
widens the gap between rich and poor and creates social divisions which damage
society.
• Some leading scientists are opposed to processes such as gene editing; they feel
very uncomfortable about having such an influence on biological processes.
• Opposition to abortion tends to be extremely strong and vociferous, particularly
amongst those with deep religious convictions.
• Opponents of gun control argue that law-abiding citizens need to be able to
defend themselves.
• Some argue that petty criminals should be jailed for their crimes, whilst others
take the opposite/ opposing view, suggesting that prison is unlikely to reform them
and that educating them is the key to rehabilitation.
OPPOSE
• I wholeheartedly/ implacably oppose the idea of private education. I believe it
widens the gap between rich and poor and creates social divisions which damage
society.
• Some leading scientists are opposed to processes such as gene editing; they feel
very uncomfortable about having such an influence on biological processes.
• Opposition to abortion tends to be extremely strong and vociferous, particularly
amongst those with deep religious convictions.
• Opponents of gun control argue that law-abiding citizens need to be able to
defend themselves.
• Some argue that petty criminals should be jailed for their crimes, whilst others
take the opposite/ opposing view, suggesting that prison is unlikely to reform them
and that educating them is the key to rehabilitation.
COMBINATION
• The result of two or more things put together
• Inner-city rioting is sometimes caused by a combination of anger,
boredom and hot weather.
• Nurses need to combine a caring attitude with a great deal of
professionalism in order to be successful.
• Students often decide to take combined courses at university - they
may not have a clear idea about exactly what they would like to do
in the future.
COMBINATION
• Inner-city rioting is sometimes caused by a combination of anger,
boredom and hot weather.
• Nurses need to combine a caring attitude with a great deal of
professionalism in order to be successful.
• Students often decide to take combined courses at university - they
may not have a clear idea about exactly what they would like to do
in the future.
WHAT SHALL I DO NOW?
• Study the language in this lesson
• Complete the quiz for this lesson
• Study related topics on the course
• Visit our website at www.prepareforielts.com
• Find out about our other IELTS courses
• Get your IELTS Speaking marked by experts
• Get your IELTS Writing marked by experts
• See lots of FREE IELTS resources created by experts
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