TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1. ABSTRACT 4.

2. PROBLEM STATEMENT 5.

3. INTRODUCTION 5.

4. TOOLS USED 6.

5. FUTURE SCOPE 6.

6. LITERATURE SURVEY 7.

7. CONCLUSION 14.

8. REFERENCES 14.

Course: Seminar Based on Summer/Winter Internship

Course code: 20IS6SRITR

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 3

 ABSTRACT

In today's interconnected world, web development has become an essential aspect of our digital
landscape. It encompasses the creation, design, and maintenance of websites and web
applications that serve as the backbone of online communication, commerce, and information
sharing. This introduction provides a comprehensive overview of web development, highlighting
its importance, key components, and the role it plays in shaping our online experiences.

Web development comprises various disciplines, including front-end development, back-end

development, and database management. Front-end development focuses on creating visually
appealing and user-friendly interfaces using technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Back-end development involves server-side programming, handling the logic, and integrating
databases to ensure the smooth functioning of web applications. Database management ensures
efficient data storage and retrieval.

The process of web development involves multiple stages, starting from gathering requirements
and planning, followed by design, development, testing, and deployment. Collaboration between
web developers, designers, and clients

is crucial to align the final product with the desired objectives.

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 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The way websites are currently developed is not very good and doesn't meet the growing needs
for modern, user-friendly, and responsive websites. There are several problems, like websites not
being designed with users in mind, the development process being slow and not efficient,
websites not working well on different devices, and not being easily customizable or able to
handle lots of visitors. There are also security issues and difficulties in working together as a
team. We need a solution that fixes all these problems by making websites more user-friendly,
improving the development process, ensuring they work well on different devices, making them
customizable and scalable, and adding strong security measures. We also need better tools for
collaboration and version control.

INTRODUCTION

In today's interconnected world, web development has become an essential aspect of our digital
landscape. It encompasses the creation, design, and maintenance of websites and web
applications that serve as the backbone of online communication, commerce, and information
sharing. This introduction provides a comprehensive overview of web development, highlighting
its importance, key components, and the role it plays in shaping our online experiences.

Web development comprises various disciplines, including front-end development, back-end

development, and database management. Front-end development focuses on creating visually
appealing and user-friendly interfaces using technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Back-end development involves server-side programming, handling the logic, and integrating
databases to ensure the smooth functioning of web applications. Database management ensures
efficient data storage and retrieval.

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 5

 TOOLS USED

● Java Script
● HTML
● CSS 3
● SQL
● VS CODE

FUTURE SCOPE

The future scope of web development is poised for exciting advancements. With the increasing
demand for immersive user experiences, web developers will focus on incorporating virtual
reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies. Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) will gain
prominence, offering seamless mobile-like experiences. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning (ML) will empower websites to deliver personalized content and intelligent chatbots for
enhanced user engagement. The rise of voice-based interfaces will require developers to
optimize websites for voice search and voice commands. Moreover, web development will
continue to evolve with the adoption of new frameworks, libraries, and technologies, enabling
faster and more efficient development.

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 LITERATURE SURVEY

[1] Donald J. Reifer , Reifer Consultants, Inc

In recent months, I discovered a simple method to challenge my self-assurance: attempting to
estimate the time and expenses involved in a web development project. Developers seem to
effortlessly utilize hypertext markup language, Java applets, scripting, and visual programming
languages to create web software in no time. However, such projects disrupt my established
processes, render my models useless, and defy my size metrics. The accelerated pace of
generating numerous web objects and making them operational within a few months raises
crucial inquiries. As we shift towards the web and embrace e-commerce business models, how
can we estimate project costs and schedules? How can we analyze break even points and justify
the necessary investments for a successful e-commerce venture? Moreover, how do we adapt our
existing processes, size metrics, and models to achieve desirable outcomes? This article aims to
address these questions and provide insights into effectively managing web software
development costs.

[2] Barry, C., & Lang, M.

The multimedia and web software industry has primarily focused on commercial, promotional,
and training applications, but we anticipate a shift towards large-scale, data-intensive in-house
business applications. This transition calls for comprehensive and well-structured development
techniques. Web developers must also embrace new technologies and adopt a user-centric design
approach. While the academic effort in multimedia research decreased after the mid-1990s, the
emergence of Internet-focused research, such as web engineering, took precedence. For this
study, we considered web-based systems as part of the broader definition of multimedia
information systems. Our goal was to uncover development practices in the broader context of
multimedia information systems rather than solely focusing on webmasters' frenzied activity. By
exploring more mature multimedia development environments across industries, we can
understand the evolutionary process that extends from multimedia to web development practices.

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[3] Debra Howcroft , John Caroll

Since the early 1990s, the Internet and the Web have become unavoidable, with businesses and
organizations viewing them as the new frontier for global marketing and transactions. This has
led to a frenzy of businesses rushing to get online, registering domain names in the hopes of
gaining a competitive edge. Amidst this chaos, Web developers face immense pressure to quickly
build high-quality websites without many established methodologies to guide them. Contrary to
the assumption that large teams develop websites, research shows that a variety of individuals,
including those outside the traditional IS function, are involved, often improvising methods to
meet organizational needs. Web development is more similar to multimedia application
development, requiring different skill sets and approaches. While simple web authoring and site
management tools have made planning and systematic design seem less important, it is
recognized that web development differs significantly from traditional IS development,
necessitating new approaches. The paper examines the applicability of existing IS development
methodologies to web design, surveys existing web methodologies, presents a new methodology,
evaluates its effectiveness, and concludes with observations on its adoption.

[4] Mary Beth Rosson, Julie Ballin and Heather Nash

The World Wide Web has empowered everyday users to create digital content as part of their
daily activities. The increasing number of nonprofessional developers, who haven't received
formal training, but engage in web development, presents both opportunities and challenges for
researchers. In a field study conducted by the EUSES Consortium, the focus was on
understanding how these users became involved in web development, their perspectives, and the
difficulties they face. The study aimed to gain insights into their practices to design better tools
and educational resources. The paper describes the interview methods, characterizes the sample
of everyday developers, and analyzes the findings related to tool usage, quality concerns, content
reuse, collaboration, and implications for end user tools, development resources, and education.

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[5] Sanchit Aggarwal

ReactJS is a JavaScript library which is deployed to develop reusable user interface (UI)
components. According to React official documentation, the following is the definition: React is
a library for building modular user interfaces . React basically enables development of large and
complex web based applications which can change its data without subsequent page refreshes. It
is used as the View (V) in the Model-View-Controller(MVC). React abstracts the Document
Object Model (DOM), thus offering a simple, performing and robust application development
experience. React mostly renders on server side using NodeJS, and support for native mobile
apps is offered using React Native. React implements unidirectional data flow thus simplifying
the boilerplate and hence proves to be much easier than traditional data binding.

[6] Deborah E. Rosena, Elizabeth Purintonb

The widespread adoption of the Internet has made web presence essential for most companies.
Building a successful website becomes a crucial question for businesses. Amazon's success in
capturing customers' attention has led many e-retailers to adopt their web design format.
Traditional retailers, on the other hand, struggle to find the right formula for online success.
Factors like high-quality content, ease of use, speed, and frequent updates contribute to repeat
visits. However, some shopping sites fail to satisfy these dimensions. To understand effective
web design, cognitive psychology can be applied, drawing inspiration from the work of
environmental psychologists Kaplan and Kaplan. Designing web content is similar to designing
physical landscapes, involving cognitive perceptions and interactivity. The authors propose the
Website Preference Scale (WSPS) to assess effective web design based on the cognitive
landscape perspective, and an exploratory study is presented to develop the scale.

[7] Kai Lei1, Yining Ma , Zhi Tan

The rapid development of the web has brought new challenges, including multi user requests and
high concurrency. JavaScript, a popular scripting language, is widely used in web development,

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and Node.js is a new technology based on JavaScript. Node.js is a lightweight and efficient
platform for building fast, scalable network applications. It has gained popularity and support
from major PAAS providers. This paper focuses on evaluating the web performance of Node.js,
PHP, and Python-Web using benchmark and scenario tests. The paper proposes a universal
method for evaluating web development techniques based on performance comparison. Security
and scalability issues are not covered in this study.

[8] Alan R. Dennis

Bieber et al. propose incorporating third- and fourth-generation hypermedia features into the
Web infrastructure. They highlight the need for additional functionality related to document
creation, management, delivery, and retrieval. Rein et al. share this concern and emphasize the
importance of enhanced functionality for managing collections, document access control, version
control, concurrency control, change notification, and link management. They suggest
integrating document management features into Web servers. The IETF Working Group's efforts
to define standards for the distributed authoring and versioning protocol for the Web (WEBDAV)
are seen as a positive step. Whitehead describes the proposed extensions to the HTTP protocol
that would provide meta-information for improved document management.

[9] Carlos Flavian, Raquel Gurrea and Carlos Oru´s

In recent years, the internet has experienced significant growth as a commercial channel, with a
potential market of over 1.4 billion people and more than 70 billion dot-com websites
worldwide. As competition intensifies, firms are seeking ways to achieve optimal results.
Understanding user preferences is crucial in this context, leading to extensive research on factors
influencing the success of e-commerce websites from a user perspective. Web design has
emerged as a key factor for developing user-friendly interfaces and meeting consumer needs.
However, there is a lack of consensus on how website design factors should be managed. This
study aims to identify the main factors affecting e-commerce success and highlight good web
design practices employed by successful virtual stores. Ultimately, the goal is to provide

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 10

managerial guidelines for effective website structures and designs.

[10] LISBETH THORLACIUS

In this article, aesthetics refer to visual, sound, and interactive elements of effect. However, the
focus is primarily on visual means such as colors, typography, design, images, videos, and flash
animations. Visual communication begins as soon as a word is typed, a color is chosen, or a text
is displayed on the screen. Every visual expression, intentional or not, communicates something
to the website visitor. Graphic design elements are inherent in every website and cannot be
ignored. Choices like using vibrant red or calm blue for the menu, or employing unique
typography for headlines, leave distinct impressions. Multimedia installations, images, and
videos are optional additions, not essential factors in web design. Visual communication is
always present on a website, whether intentional or not, and understanding graphic effects and
visual symbols helps ensure intentional communication and enhance aesthetic experiences.

[11] Ping Zhang , Gisela M. von Dran

The rapid growth and widespread use of the World Wide Web have made web-user interface
studies increasingly important. Poor interface functionality can lead to usability issues.
Numerous Web design checklists exist, but many are based on subjective opinions or criteria
from other media. Uncertainties arise regarding the inclusiveness and usefulness of these factors,
as well as their impact on user satisfaction, interest, and revisitation. Most checklists neglect the
affective and motivational aspects of the web environment. The challenge is to identify design
factors that make websites usable, visually pleasing, commercially viable, and capable of
attracting and retaining users. User satisfaction and liking are crucial goals for web designers,
considering the growing dependence on the web for information and business. Therefore,
understanding what satisfies or dissatisfies users and challenging assumptions is important.

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 11

[12] Dianne Cy , Milena Head , Hector Larios , Bing Pan

Research in the field of user experience has traditionally focused on usability and cognitive
aspects, with less attention given to the affective and hedonic elements of the consumption
experience. However, recent calls have emphasized the importance of studying emotions and
affect in the context of technology. Some studies have explored the impact of visual design,
aesthetics, and social cues on user experience, including the influence of these factors on trust
and satisfaction. These studies aim to broaden the understanding of user reactions beyond the
conventional cognition-driven paradigm and incorporate emotive reactions into theoretical
frameworks, moving beyond the technology acceptance model.

[13] Zahed, F., Van Pelt, W. V., & Song, J

The World Wide Web (WWW) has emerged as a vital communication medium, with a projected
user base of over 100 million by 1998 and exceeding 200 million by the year 2000. This global
connectivity has intensified the need to effectively communicate with diverse cultures across
different regions. However, there is no single model of cultural understanding that can cater to all
web audiences. Limited research has been conducted on how individuals from diverse national
and cultural backgrounds perceive and utilize web documents, especially in communities and
countries with cultural tendencies different from those where web technologies originate. We
have initiated a comprehensive research project to address this gap.

[14] M.J.Taylor , J.McWilliam , H.Forsyth , S.Wade

The rapid expansion of the world wide web for commercial purposes has drawn attention from
researchers and practitioners. Factors contributing to this growth include the perceived
competitive advantage for companies and the ability of the internet to provide a strong corporate
presence for small businesses. As website development becomes more prevalent in
organizations, it becomes important to carry out such work efficiently and effectively. Therefore,
having methodologies, standards, and best practice guides can be beneficial for guiding IT staff

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 12

in web development projects. This paper presents the findings of a research exercise involving
case studies of 25 organizations in the North West region of England. It examines the current
practices of website development in UK organizations, including the activities involved and the
techniques and standards employed.

[15] Dianne Cyra , Milena Headb , Hector Lariosc

Colour has the potential to elicit emotions or behaviors, yet there is little research in which color
treatments in website design are systematically tested. Little is known about how color affects
trust or satisfaction on the part of the viewer. Although the Internet is increasingly global, few
systematic studies have been undertaken in which the impact of color on culturally diverse
viewers is investigated in website design. In this research three website color treatments are
tested across three culturally distinct viewer groups for their impact on user trust, satisfaction,
and e-loyalty. To gather data, a rich multi-method approach is used including eye-tracking, a
survey, and interviews. Results reveal that website color appeal is a significant determinant for
website trust and satisfaction with differences noted across cultures. The findings have practical
value for web marketers and interface designers concerning effective color use in website
development.

CONCLUSION

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In conclusion, web development is a vital discipline that drives the online presence and success
of businesses and individuals. It allows for the creation of visually appealing, user-friendly, and
responsive websites that cater to the ever-evolving demands of users. With advancements in
technologies, frameworks, and tools, web developers can leverage the power of HTML, CSS,
JavaScript, and various libraries to build interactive and engaging websites. The continuous
evolution of web development ensures that websites can adapt to the changing digital landscape,
offering seamless user experiences across multiple devices and platforms. As the internet
continues to shape our world, web development remains a critical component in establishing and
maintaining a strong online presence.

REFERENCES

1. Reifer, D.J., 2000. Web development: estimating quick-to-market software. IEEE

software, 17(6), pp.57-64.
2. Barry, C. and Lang, M., 2001. A survey of multimedia and web development techniques
and methodology usage. IEEE MultiMedia, 8(2), pp.52-60.
3. Howcroft, D. and Carroll, J., 2000. A proposed methodology for Web development.
4. Rosson, M.B., Ballin, J. and Nash, H., 2004, September. Everyday programming:
Challenges and opportunities for informal web development. In 2004 IEEE Symposium
on Visual Languages-Human Centric Computing (pp. 123-130). IEEE.
5. Aggarwal, S., 2018. Modern web-development using reactjs. International Journal of
Recent Research Aspects, 5(1), pp.133-137.
6. Rosen, D.E. and Purinton, E., 2004. Website design: Viewing the web as a cognitive
landscape. Journal of Business Research, 57(7), pp.787-794.
7. Lei, K., Ma, Y. and Tan, Z., 2014, December. Performance comparison and evaluation of
web development technologies in php, python, and node. js. In 2014 IEEE 17th
international conference on computational science and engineering (pp. 661-668). IEEE.
8. Dennis, A.R., 1998. Lessons from three years of web development. Communications of
the ACM, 41(7), pp.112-113.
9. Flavian, C., Gurrea, R. and Orus, C., 2009. Web design: a key factor for website success.

Dept Of ISE,BMSCE 2020-23 14

 Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 11(2), pp.168-184.
10. Thorlacius, L., 2007. ] The Role of Aesthetics in Web Design. Nordicom Review, 28(1).
11. Zhang, P. and Von Dran, G.M., 2000. Satisfiers and dissatisfiers: A two‐factor model for
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design: A multi-method approach. MIS quarterly, pp.539-566.
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15. Cyr, D., Head, M. and Larios, H., 2010. Color appeal in website design within and across
cultures: A multi-method evaluation. International journal of human-computer studies,
68(1-2), pp.1-21.

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