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Introduction To Environmental Pollution

The document provides an introduction to environmental pollution and related topics. It defines environmental pollution as the unwarranted disposal of mass or energy into the natural environment that negatively impacts living beings. It lists several environmental challenges including soil erosion, deforestation, water pollution, and climate change. It also discusses types of pollution like smog which is a mixture of smoke and fog caused by burning fossil fuels that can cause respiratory issues. The document aims to provide an overview of key concepts in environmental studies.

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Md Nurunnabi
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53 views

Introduction To Environmental Pollution

The document provides an introduction to environmental pollution and related topics. It defines environmental pollution as the unwarranted disposal of mass or energy into the natural environment that negatively impacts living beings. It lists several environmental challenges including soil erosion, deforestation, water pollution, and climate change. It also discusses types of pollution like smog which is a mixture of smoke and fog caused by burning fossil fuels that can cause respiratory issues. The document aims to provide an overview of key concepts in environmental studies.

Uploaded by

Md Nurunnabi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture-01

Introduction to Environment &


pollution
Nurunnabi
Lecturer,NITER
& Types

Middle English “envirounen”, from Old French “environner”,


“environ”, meaning “round about” + -“ment”.
What is Environmental Pollution?
Environmental pollution is unwarranted disposal of mass or energy
into earth’s natural resource pool such as water, land, or air that
results in long- or short-term detriment to the atmosphere and its
ecological health to negatively impact the living beings and their life
both quantitatively and qualitatively.
See details :https://www.britannica.com/science/pollution-environment
Environmental Challenges

 Soil Erosion
 Desertification
What is?
 Pest Control Types?
 Biodiversity Losses Causes?
 Deforestation Effects?
 Water Pollution Mitigation Techniques?
 Large Dam Projects
 Climate Change
 Urbanization
 Effluent and their effects on Environment
Soil Erosion

https://byjus.com/biology/soil-erosion/

Soil erosion is a gradual process that


occurs when the impact of water or wind
detaches and removes soil particles,
causing the soil to deteriorate.
Causes of Soil Erosion
What is pest?
Pest refers to any organism that can cause
harm, damage, or nuisance to crops, plants,
animals, humans, or the environment.

Pest control is the process of controlling,


managing, minimizing or removing undesirable
insects and other pests, from spaces occupied
by people.
A decline in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a
certain geographic area, or the entire Earth as a whole is known
as a loss of biodiversity.
Global warming is the continuous rise in warming of the earth’s
surface due to the increased level of carbon dioxide gas in the
environment.
Water vapor (H2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Ozone (O3)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs
and HCFCs)
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Perfluorocarbons

When the rays absorb in the atmosphere of the earth by greenhouse gases,
the temperature of the earth increases, known as the greenhouse effect.
Sources of Green house gasses
Urbanization, the process by which large numbers of people become permanently
concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities.
Effluent and their impact on environment
Effluents have several toxic substances which can have a direct impact on terrestrial plants
and animals. This happens due to high levels of ammonia and chlorine, high burden of
oxygen demanding materials, the concentration of heavy metals and organic contaminants.
Total dissolved solids (TDS)
RO Reject / RO Concentrate is stored in a holding tank until it is ready to be
processed. The wastewater is pumped into a heated tank system where the
Evaporator will evaporate the water. The wastewater will concentrate and
thicken. The thickened slurry will be pumped into a filter press to capture the
solids.
Environmental related health issues
Smog is a type of air pollutant. The word “smog” is a combination of the words “smoke” and
“fog”. Smog is made up of smoke and fog. Smog is a type of air pollutant. The word “smog” is a
combination of the words “smoke” and “fog”. Smog is made up of smoke and fog.
Smog
Photochemical Smog: Smog is a type of air pollution. It is a mixture of air
pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate
matter. Smog can cause a variety of health problems, including respiratory
problems, heart problems, and even death.

Types of Smog
There are two types of smog:
1. Photochemical smog:
This type of smog is caused by the reaction of sunlight with certain chemicals in the
atmosphere, such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These
reactions produce ozone and other pollutants, which can cause respiratory problems and
other health issues.
2. Natural smog:
This type of smog is caused by the burning of organic matter, such as forests or peat
bogs. It can produce large amounts of smoke, soot, and other pollutants, which can
cause respiratory problems and other health issues.
Difference Between Classical Smog And Photochemical Smog
1. Classical smog is made up of particles and gases that come from the burning of coal and oil.
Photochemical smog is made up of pollutants that react in the sun to create ozone and other
harmful compounds.
2. Classical smog is mainly caused by the burning of coal and oil, while photochemical smog is
mainly caused by the burning of gasoline.
3. Classical smog is a type of smog that is mainly caused by the burning of coal and oil. It is made
up of a mixture of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and smoke. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
are two of the main causes of acid rain. Smoke contains many harmful chemicals, including
carcinogens.
4. Photochemical smog is a type of smog that is mainly caused by the burning of gasoline. It is
made up of a mixture of volatile organic compounds and ozone. Volatile organic compounds are
chemicals that vaporize easily. Ozone is a harmful gas that can cause respiratory problems.
What is photochemical smog?

Photochemical smog is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when


nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to
sunlight, creating a brown haze above cities. It tends to occur more
often in summer, because that is when we have the most sunlight.
PAN stands for peroxyacetyl nitrate.
Causes of Smog
1. burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are fuels that are made from the
remains of plants and animals. Some of the most common types of fossil
fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas.
2.burning of other materials. These materials include rubber, plastic,
and other types of garbage.
3. emissions from cars and other vehicles. Cars and other vehicles emit a
number of different types of air pollutants. These pollutants include
carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide.
There are many things that we can do to help reduce smog. We can
1.reduce the number of cars that we use. We can also
2.reduce the number of materials that we burn. We can
3. also plant trees and other plants.
Effects of Photochemical Smog
Photochemical smog can cause a number of health problems,
including asthma, bronchitis, and heart disease. It can also cause eye
irritation and damage to plants.
Ozone Depletion.
When chlorine and bromine atoms come into contact with ozone in the stratosphere, they
destroy ozone molecules. One chlorine atom can destroy over 100,000 ozone molecules
before it is removed from the stratosphere. Ozone can be destroyed more quickly than it is
naturally created.
Composition and Layers of Earth's Atmosphere

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