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Liliaceae

The document summarizes key details about the Liliaceae plant family. It includes 254 genera and 4075 species that are cosmopolitan but most common in temperate and subtropical regions. Members are mostly perennial herbs or shrubs that reproduce through rhizomes, bulbs, corms, or climbing stems. Flowers are typically arranged in racemes or panicles, with six tepals and stamens in two whorls. The superior ovary develops into capsules or berries. Economically important plants in the family include onions, garlic, lilies, asparagus, and aloe.

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131 views2 pages

Liliaceae

The document summarizes key details about the Liliaceae plant family. It includes 254 genera and 4075 species that are cosmopolitan but most common in temperate and subtropical regions. Members are mostly perennial herbs or shrubs that reproduce through rhizomes, bulbs, corms, or climbing stems. Flowers are typically arranged in racemes or panicles, with six tepals and stamens in two whorls. The superior ovary develops into capsules or berries. Economically important plants in the family include onions, garlic, lilies, asparagus, and aloe.

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UJJWAL JHA
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LILIACEAE

Distribution: - cosmopolitan in distribution, abundantly found in temperate and sub-tropical region. This
family includes 254 genera and 4075 species

Habitat: - wild or cultivate, mostly mesophyte, rarely xerophyte (Yacca, Aloe)

Habit: - mostly perennial herbs, occasionally shrubs (Yacca, Asparagus, Dracaena), or climbers (Gloriosa,
Smilax)

Root: - adventitious, fibrous, fasciculated (Asparagus)

Stem: - aerial, erect (Dracaena) or climber (Smilax), modified into underground like rhizome (Polyontum,
Aloe), bulb (Allium, Lilium, Tulipa), corm (Colchium), cladode (Asparagus, Ruscus), branched, herbaceous
or wood (Dracaena, Yacca), solid.

Leaf: - radical (Allium, Lilium), or cauline, usually alternate, opposite (Gloriosa) or whorled (Smilax), scaly
(Asparagus, Ruscus), cylindrical with fleshy and juicy (Allium), fleshy leaves (Aloe, Yacca), exstipulate or
stipulate modified into tendril (Smilax), simple, sessile or petiolated, parallel or reticulate venation
(Smilax, Trillum and Paris), lead apex tendril (Gloriosa)

Inflorescence: - usually racemose, raceme (Lilium, Paris), solitary axillary (Gloriosa), solitary terminal
(Tulipa), panicle raceme (Asphodelus), spike (Aloe), monochasial cyme (Allium, Smilax) but looks like
umbel due to shortening internodes

Flower: - braceate, pedicellate, incomplete, bisexual or unisexual (Smilax, Ruscus), trimerous or


tetramerous (Mainthemum) or pentamerous (Paris), actinomorphic or zygomorphic (Gillesia,
Haworthia), hypogynous, pentacyclic, various colour

Perianth: - tepals six arranged in two whorls of three each, valvate or imbricate aestivation. Polyphyllous
(Asphodelus) or gamophyllous (Allium, Polyonatum), petaloid or sepaloid, inferior

Androecium: - stamens six arranged in two whorls of three each, three (Ruscus), four (Mainthemum),
eight (Paris), polyandrous, epitepalous (epiphyllous i.e., united with tepals), antitepalous (antiphyllous
i.e., opposite to tepals), diplostamenous (outer whorl of stamens opposite to outer tepals and inner
whorl of stamens opposite to inner tepals), filaments long and versatile or basifixed, dithecous, extrorse,
inferior

Gynoecium: - carpel there, tricarpellary syncarpous, ovary superior, odd carpel anterior, trilocular with
two ovules in each locule, axile placentation, rarely unilocular with parietal placentation, style simple,
stigma trilobed.

Fruit: - capsule or berry (Asparagus), dehiscent, dry

Seed: - endospermic

Floral formula: -

Economically important plants

a. Allium cepa (Onion)


b. Allium sativum (garlic)
c. Lilium candidum (lily)
d. Asparagus racemosus (Asparagus)
e. Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera)
f. Tulip spp (Tulip)

Identifying characters

a. Mostly herb, perennation by rhizomes, bulb, corms


b. Leaves alternate, parallel venation, exstipulate
c. Flower hypogynous, trimerous, actinomorphic
d. Perianth epiphyllous, arranged in two whorls in three each
e. Stamens polyandrous, arranged in two whorls in three each, diplostamenous
f. Tricarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, axile placentation
g. Fruit capsule or berry

Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Angiospermae
Class: Monocotyledonae
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae

Floral diagram: -

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