PROFESSIONAL

TRAINING
Immittance-Based Frequency-Domain Stability Analysis
COURSE and Design of Converter-Interfaced Resources
and Power Systems

Taught by Prof. Jian Sun, supported by energynautics

Detailed list of topics and subtopics of each lecture

Part II: Instability Modes, Root Causes and Mitigation

1. Immittance Responses and Effects of Control

1.1. General Considerations
1.1.1. Sufficient Conditions for Stability
1.1.2. Magnitude Response – Inductive or Capacitive, Peaking & Dipping
1.1.3. Phase Response and Negative Damping
1.2. Effects of Control
1.2.1. Anatomy of VSC Immittance Models
1.2.2. Current Control and Control Delay
1.2.3. PLL and AC Voltage Control
1.3. Other Factors
1.3.1. DC Bus Voltage Control and AC-DC Coupling
1.3.2. Power and Power Factor
1.3.3. Output Filter and Transformer
2. PV Inverter and Wind Turbine Immittances
2.1. PV Inverters and Type-IV Turbines
2.1.1. Converter and Turbine Control
2.1.2. DC Bus Voltage Stability
2.1.3. Effects of GSC and Generator, Other Factors
2.2. Type-III Turbines with Ideal DC Bus
2.2.1. Converters and Turbine Control
2.2.2. SSC Immittance
2.2.3. IG-RSC Immittance
2.3. Type-III Turbines with Coupling Through DC Bus
2.3.1. SSC and RSC Models with DC Bus Dynamics
2.3.2. Coupling Through DC Bus
2.3.3. Overall Immittance Models and Characteristics
3. HVDC Converter Immittances
3.1. Modular Multilevel Converters
3.1.1. Circuit and Operation Principle
3.1.2. Inner Control Functions
3.1.3. Outer Control Functions
3.2. Frequency-Domain Modeling of MMC
3.2.1. Power Stage Modeling and Model Reduction
3.2.2. Response to AC-Port Perturbation
3.2.3. Response to DC-Port Perturbation
3.3. Immittance Characteristics and Use in System Studies
3.3.1. Terminal Characteristics with DC Link Dynamics
3.3.2. Terminal-Terminal Transfer Characteristics
3.3.3. Use in Multi-Terminal HVDC and Hybrid AC-DC System Studies
 PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING
Immittance-Based Frequency-Domain Stability Analysis
COURSE and Design of Converter-Interfaced Resources
and Power Systems

Taught by Prof. Jian Sun, supported by energynautics

Detailed list of topics and subtopics of each lecture

Part II: Instability Modes, Root Causes and Mitigation

4. High-Frequency Instability – Modes and Root Causes

4.1. Converter-Grid Resonance
4.1.1. Overhead Lines
4.1.2. Cables, Converter Filter Capacitors
4.1.3. Resonance, Switching and Nyquist Frequency
4.2. Inter-Converter Resonance
4.2.1. Intra-Farm Resonance
4.2.2. Inter-Farm Resonance, Offshore Export Mode
4.2.3. Radial Networks, Load Centers
4.3. Harmonic Amplification
4.3.1. Amplification due to Parallel Resonance
4.3.2. Amplification due to Series Resonance
4.3.3. Effects of Harmonic Control
5. High-Frequency Instability – Solutions
5.1. Active Damping
5.1.1. Control Tuning and Optimization
5.1.2. Feedforward and Predictive Control
5.1.3. Narrowband Damping
5.2. Adaptive Damping Control
5.2.1. Resonance Detection, Time and Frequency-Domain Methods
5.2.2. Damping in Harmonic Reference Frame
5.2.3. Self-Adaptive Activation and Gain Adjustment
5.3. Passive and Hybrid Damping Methods
5.3.1. Passive Filters and Damping
5.3.2. Damper Power Loss, Parasitic Loss & Damping Effects
5.3.3. Passive-Active Hybrid Methods
6. Low-Frequency Instability – Modes and Root Causes
6.1. Wind and PV Farms and Systems
6.1.1. Negative Damping, Coupling over Frequency, Coupled Harmonics
6.1.2. Type-III Turbines with Series-Compensated Lines
6.1.3. Wind Turbines and PV Inverters in Weak Grids
6.2. HVDC Converters and Systems
6.2.1. VSC HVDC with Weak Grid
6.2.2. Offshore Wind with HVDC Transmission
6.2.3. Classical HVDC Converters
6.3. Resonances Involving Electric Machines
6.3.1. Traditional Analysis Methods
6.3.2. Immittance-Based Analysis
6.3.3. Comparison of Machine and Converter Immittances
 PROFESSIONAL
TRAINING
Immittance-Based Frequency-Domain Stability Analysis
COURSE and Design of Converter-Interfaced Resources
and Power Systems

Taught by Prof. Jian Sun, supported by energynautics

Detailed list of topics and subtopics of each lecture

Part II: Instability Modes, Root Causes and Mitigation

7. Low-Frequency Instability – Solutions

7.1. Control Tuning and Optimization
7.1.1. Phase-Lock Loop
7.1.2. AC Voltage Control
7.1.3. DC Bus Voltage Control
7.2. Narrowband Damping
7.2.1. General Considerations – Inputs, Outputs, Bandwidth Limitation
7.2.2. Damping Based on Grid Current Measurement
7.2.3. Damping Based on Grid Voltage Measurement
7.2.4. Comparison of Band-Pass Filter Performance
7.3. Other Methods
7.3.1. DFIG RSC Current Control
7.3.2. Feedforward to Reduce Negative Damping
8. Multi-Converter System Instability
8.1. Methods to Identify Instability Modes in MIMO Systems
8.1.1. Frequency-Domain Modal Analysis
8.1.2. Model Reduction
8.1.3. Special Systems – Review
8.2. Examples
8.2.1. HVDC Converter Interaction Through DC Link
8.2.2. Parallel Operation of Offshore HVDC Converters
8.2.3. Wind Farms in Meshed Weak Grid
8.3. Effects of Network and Synchronous Generators
8.3.1. Network Sensitivity Analysis, Extra Element Method
8.3.2. Effects of Series Compensation
8.3.3. Effects of Generators and Synchronous Condensers
9. Design for System Stability; Future Development
9.1. System Study Requirements and Procedures
9.1.1. Frequency-Domain Analysis Using Vendor-Supplied Models
9.1.2. EMT Simulation
9.1.3. CHIP Simulation, Frequency-Domain Analysis
9.2. Immittance-Based Product Specifications and Standards
9.2.1. Data Center Power Systems
9.2.2. Wind Power Systems
9.2.3. HVDC Converters and Systems
9.3. Future Development
9.3.1. Integrated Software Tools
9.3.2. Homogenization of Control Design
9.3.3. Modeling and Analysis of Other Types of Stability