Data presentation and analysis

The data presentation and analysis utilized in the study are critical in ensuring that the
research is valid and correct. The data presentation focuses on data structure and summary,
whereas the data analysis focuses on data interpretation. To support the study findings and
conclusions, data presentation and analysis are employed. Researchers might use it to
describe their results and make inferences from their data. However, there are several
methods for presenting data, each with advantages and limitations. Consequently, researchers
should select the approach that best matches their research topic.

In the first research article by Akyuz, S. and Oner, A. (2007), the study's findings
revealed that GGBS can be utilized to increase the compressive strength of concrete.
According to the study, the optimal use of GGBS is between 10% and 20%. The study also
discovered that the inclusion of GGBS boosts the compressive strength of concrete. The
research data presentation is straightforward and properly organized. The experimental
approach and outcomes are simple to grasp. The information is given in tables and figures, as
well as in the text. The researchers did an excellent job of analyzing the data and providing a
thorough discussion of the findings. Their data presentation and analysis approaches are
critical in identifying the optimum GGBS usage level, and as a result, concrete compressive
strength may be enhanced.

In this article by Cahyani, R. & Rusdianto, Y. (2020), the researchers began their
paper by explaining the context and motives for their research. They then went on to detail
the experimental setup and techniques. The experiment's findings were then presented and
debated. The data display and analysis are simple and straightforward. The authors did an
excellent job of researching the usage of GGBS in concrete and its impact on concrete
performance. The study data is given in the form of a table and a graph. The compressive
strength of concrete with various quantities of ground granulated blast furnace slag is shown
in the table (GGBS). The graph depicts the link between compressive strength and GGBS %
in concrete mix. According to the results, GGBS-containing concrete has a greater
compressive strength than GGBS-free concrete. The study determined that GGBS may be
employed as a supplemental cementitious material to improve concrete performance. The
authors also stated that GGBS can really increase concrete performance and made
recommendations for further research.

In this study by Familusi et al., (2017), the research data presentation is

straightforward and simple. The data was presented in simple tables and graphs by the
authors. The data analysis is also simple, and the data supports the results nicely. After that,
the data is evaluated using parametric and non-parametric tests. The two-sample t-test and
ANOVA are used as parametric tests, whereas the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-
Wallis test are used as non-parametric tests. The authors tested the concrete created using
BFS using a number of methodologies, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and
shrinkage. Following that, the data was evaluated using a number of techniques, including
statistical analysis and regression analysis. These experiments revealed that concrete created
with BFS had equal compressive strength as cement concrete, but poorer flexural strength
and more shrinkage.

Another study by Ganesh, P. and Ramachandra Murthy, A. (2018), the research

technique adopted in the study is strong and comprehensive. Using both experimental and
analytical methods, the authors studied the tensile behavior and durability of UHPC including
GGBS. The data display is basic and easy to comprehend. The authors used both graphical
and tabular data to present the study's findings. The data analysis is thorough, revealing
information on the mechanical properties of UHPC with GGBS. The various types of
concrete are appropriately labeled, and the test results are presented in an understandable
fashion. The data analysis is highly extensive, and the authors have done a good job of
making sure that all relevant information is taken into account. One of the study's primary
findings is that sustainable ultra-high-performance concrete with GGBS may be an effective
building material. The authors have done an excellent job of demonstrating that this material
has good tensile strength and durability and that it can be used in building projects.

In this study by Humad, et al., (2019), the analysis of the data is also thorough and
effective. The authors analyze the data for each ratio separately and then compare the results.
They discuss the implications of the results and make conclusions about the effect of the
different ratios of blast furnace slag and fly ash on the properties of alkali-activated pastes
and concretes. The results are presented in an easily understandable way, and the findings are
discussed in detail. This makes it easy to follow the research and to understand the
implications of the findings. Overall, the study provides a clear and concise picture of the
effect of different ratios of blast furnace slag and fly ash on the properties of alkali-activated
pastes and concretes. The analysis is sound and the conclusions are convincing.

The findings reported in this study by Maria Eugenia Parron-Rubio et al., (2019)
demonstrated that slag may be employed as a cementing ingredient in concrete. Concrete
created from slag exhibited mechanical qualities that were comparable to or better than
concrete manufactured from Portland cement. In terms of physical qualities, slag concrete has
lower shrinkage and permeability than Portland cement concrete. In terms of environmental
qualities, slag concrete produced less carbon dioxide than Portland cement concrete. To back
up their conclusions, the researchers examined both qualitative and quantitative data. The
experimental results indicate that slag-containing concrete is a feasible alternative to ordinary
concrete.

The purpose of this research by Rubio, M. et al., (2019). was to investigate the
potential of using slag as a substitution for cement in concrete. The study was conducted by
Rubio et al. and looked at the mechanical, physical and environmental properties of concrete
with different amounts of slag substitution. The conclusions drawn from the data are well
supported by the evidence presented. Overall, this is a well-conducted piece of research that
provides a good understanding of how slag can be used to improve the properties of concrete,
the study also showed that slag has the potential to be used as a replacement for cement in
concrete. While there are some drawbacks to using slag concrete, such as its lower physical
properties, the environmental benefits make it a viable option for sustainable construction.
 In conclusion, the use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a partial
replacement for cement in concrete is a well-established practice that confers a number of
benefits to the finished product. In addition to being environmentally friendly, GGBS-based
concrete is often stronger and more durable than conventional concrete. This is due to the fact
that GGBS is a highly reactive addition that helps to bind the concrete together. The study in
each article research presents the data and analysis from a study on the use of slag as a
cementing material in concrete. Overall, using GGBS as a partial replacement for cement in
concrete is a great way to improve the quality of the finished product. By following the
proper procedures, it is possible to produce concrete that is stronger and more durable than
conventional concrete.
 REFERENCES

Akyuz, S. and Oner, A. (2007). An experimental study on optimum usage of GGBS for the
compressive strength of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, Volume 29,
pp.505–514.

Cahyani, R. & Rusdianto, Y. (2020). IOP conference series: Materials science and
engineering. concrete performance with ground granulated blast furnace slag as
supplementary cementitious materials, volume 771, 1-6. Doi: 10.1088/1757
899X/771/1/012062

Familusi et al., (2017). Researchgate. Effects of blast furnace slag as a partial replacement for
cement in concrete. Retrieved September 25, 2022, from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325038317_EFFECTS_OF_BLAST_FU
AE_SLAG_AS_A_PARTIAL_REPLACEMENT_FOR_CEMENT_IN_CONCRETE

Ganesh, P. and Ramachandra Murthy, A. (2018). ScienceDirect. Tensile behavior and

durability aspects of sustainable ultra-high performance concrete incorporated
with GGBS as cementitious material, volume 197, 667-680. Doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.240

Humad, et al., (2019). The effect of blast furnace slag/flies ash ratio on setting, strength, and
shrinkage of alkali-activated pastes and concretes. From:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2019.00009/full

Maria Eugenia Parron-Rubio et al., (2019). National library of medicine. Slag substitution as
a cementing material in concrete: Mechanical, physical and environmental
properties. Doi: 10.3390/ma12182845

Rubio, M. et al., (2019). Slag substitution as a cementing material in concrete: Mechanical,

physical and environmental properties. From:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6765977/#:~:text=Cement%20is%2
reaced%20by%20slag,environmental%20properties%20have%20been%20evaluated.