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LINUX FUNDAMENTALS    Page 3 / Introduction to Shell

Introduction to Shell 􏅜
 Cheat Sheet

It is crucial to learn how to use the Linux shell, as there are many servers based on Linux. These are often used because Linux is
less error-prone as opposed to Windows servers. For example, web servers are often based on Linux. Knowing how to use the Table of Contents
operating system to control it e ectively requires understanding and mastering Linux’s essential part, the Shell. When we rst Introduction
switched from Windows to Linux, does it look something like this: Linux Structure 􏅊
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Linux Distributions 􏅊


Introduction to Shell

The Shell

Prompt Description

Getting Help

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   System Information

A Linux terminal, also called a shell or command line, provides a text-based input/output (I/O) interface between users and the Work ow
kernel for a computer system. The term console is also typical but does not refer to a window but a screen in text mode. In the 􏆲
   Navigation

terminal window, commands can be executed to control the system.

􏆲
   Working with Files and Directories

We can think of a shell as a text-based GUI in which we enter commands to perform actions like navigating to other directories, 􏆲
   Editing Files
working with les, and obtaining information from the system but with way more capabilities.
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   Find Files and Directories

Terminal Emulators 􏆲
   File Descriptors and Redirections

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   Filter Contents
Terminal emulation is software that emulates the function of a terminal. It allows the use of text-based programs within a graphical
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   Regular Expressions
user interface (GUI). There are also so-called command-line interfaces (CLI) that run as additional terminals in one terminal. In short,
a terminal serves as an interface to the shell interpreter. 􏆲
   Permission Management

Terminal emulators and multiplexers are bene cial extensions for the terminal. They provide us with di erent methods and System Management

functions to work with the terminal, such as splitting the terminal into one window, working in multiple directories, creating di erent 􏆲
   User Management

workspaces, and much more. An example of the use of such a multiplexer called Tmux could look something like this:
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   Package Management

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   Service and Process Management

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   Task Scheduling

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   Network Services

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   Working with Web Services

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   Backup and Restore

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   File System Management

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   Containerization

Linux Networking

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   Network Con guration

Remote Desktop Protocols in Linux

Linux Hardening
Linux Security

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   Firewall Setup

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   System Logs and Monitoring

Shell Linux Distributions vs Solaris

The most commonly used shell in Linux is the Bourne-Again Shell (BASH), and is part of the GNU project. Everything we do through Solaris
the GUI we can do with the shell. The shell gives us many more possibilities to interact with programs and processes to get
Tips & Tricks
information faster. Besides, many processes can be easily automated with smaller or larger scripts that make manual work much
Shortcuts
easier.

Besides Bash, there also exist other shells like Tcsh/Csh, Ksh, Zsh, Fish shell and others.
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