Solution manual for Conceptual Physics 12th Edition by Hewitt ISBN

9780321909107
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3-1. (a) Distance hiked = b + c km. b km

(b) Displacement is a vector representing Paul’s change in
position. Drawing a diagram of Paul’s trip we can see that displacement –c km
his displacement is b + (–c) km east = (b –c) km east.
(c) Distance = 5 km + 2 km = 7 km; Displacement = (5 km – 2 km) east = 3 km east.

3-2. (a) From v d v x .

t t
x
(b) v t . We want the answer in m/s so we’ll need to convert 30 km to meters and 8 min

to seconds:
30.0 km 1000 m 30, 000 m; 8.0 min 60 s 480 s. Then x 30,000 m 63 m .
v

1 km 1 min t 480 s s

Alternatively, we can do the conversions within the equation:

1000 m
v
x 30.0 km 1 km 63 m .
60 s
t 8.0 min 1 min s
In mi/h:
30.0 km 1 mi 18.6 mi; 8.0 min 1h 0.133 h. Then x 18.6 mi 140 m i .
v

1.61 km 60 min t 0.133 h h

1 mi
Or, v
x 30.0 km 60 min 1 mi 140 mi . Or, v
x 30.0 km 140 mi
1.61 km
1h
t 8.0 min 1h 1.61 km h .t 8.0 min 60 min h
There is usually more than one way to approach a problem and arrive at the correct answer!

3-3. (a) From v d v L.

( ) v
b
 t
L 24.0 t
m
4
0
m

.
t0.60 ss

3-4. (a) From v d v x.

 t
x 0. 30m m

(b) v t 0 . 010 s 30 s.

d 2 r
3-5. (a) v t t .

2 r 2 (400m)
(b) v 63 m .
s
t40s

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-1
 d th .
3-6. (a) t = ? From v
t v

(b) t h 508 m 34 s.
v 15 m
s
(c) Yes. At the beginning of the ride the elevator has to speed up from rest, and at
the end of the ride the elevator has to slow down. These slower portions of the
ride produce an average speed lower than the peak speed.

3-7. (a) t = ? Begin by getting consistent units. Convert 100.0 yards to meters using the
conversion factor on the inside cover of your textbook: 0.3048 m = 1.00 ft.
3ft 0.3048 m d d 91.4 m
v v .
Then 100.0 yards1yard 1ft 91.4 m. From v t t
d 91.4 m
(b) t 15 s.

m
v 6.0 s

3-8. (a) t = ? From v d t d L .

t v c
L 1.00 m -9 1
(b) t 8 m 3.33 10 s 3.33 ns. (This is 3 3 billionths of a second!)
3.00 10
v s

3-9. (a) d = ? From v d d vt.

t
(b) First, we need a consistent set of units. Since speed is in m/s let’s convert minutes to seconds:
5.0 min 60 s 300 s. Then d m
v t 7.5 s 300s 2300 m.
1min

v0 vf v .
3-10. (a) v
2 2
d d vt vt
(b) d ? From v 2.
t
2.0 m (1.5s)
(c) d vt s 1.5 m.
2 2

d v v 0 v vt
3-11. (a) d ? From v d vt 0 f
t t .
t 2 2 2
12 m (8.0s)
(b) d vt s 48 m.
2 2

d v v 0 tv vt
3-12. (a) d ? From v d vt 0 f
t .
t 2 2 2
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf
3-2
 (b) First get consistent units: 100.0 km/h should be expressed in m/s (since the time is in
27.8 m (8.0 s)
seconds).100.0 km 1h 1000 m 27.8 m . Then, d vt s 110 m.
h 3600 s1 km s 2 2

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-3
 v v v
3-13. (a) a 2 1 .
t t
km km km km m
(b) v 40 h 15 h 25 h . Since our time is in seconds we need to convert h to :
m

25 km 1hr 1000 m 6.94 m. Then a v 6.94 s 0.35 m . s

h 3600 s 1 km s t 20 s s 2

Alternatively, we can express the speeds in m/s first and then do the calculation:
11.1 m 4.17 m
15 km 1hr 1000 m 4.17 m and 40 km 1hr 1000 m 11.1 m. Then a s s m.
0.35
hr 3600 s 1 km s hr 3600 s 1 km s 20s s
2

v v v
3-14. (a) a 2 1 .
t t
(b) To make the speed units consistent with the time unit we’ll need v in m/s:
m
v v v 20.0 km 5.0 km 15.0 km 1hr 1000 m 4.17 m. Then v2 v1 4.17 s 0.417 m .
a

2 1 h h h 3600 s 1 km s t 10.0 s s 2

An alternative is to convert the speeds to m/s first:

v 5.0 km 1hr 1000 m 1.4 m ; v 20.0km 1hr 1000 m
m 5.56 s .
1 h 3600 s 1 km s 2 h 3600 s 1 km
5.56 m 1.4 m
Then a v2 v1
s m
s 0.42 .
2
t 10.0 s s
1.4 m 5.56 m
(c) d vt v 1 v2 t s s 10.0 s 35 m. Or,
2 2
2
1 2 s 2 s
1 m 1 m

2
d vt at 2 1.4 (10.0 s) 0.42 (10.0 s) 35 m.

3-15. (a) a v vf v0 0 v v .
t t t t
m
v 26 s 1.3 m .
(b) a
2
t 20s s
d v v 26 m0
t
(c) d ? From v d vt 0 f
m
s s
20 s 260 m.
t 2 2
2
2 s 2 s
2

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-4
 Or, d vt 1 at 2 26 m (20 s) 1 1.3 m (20 s) 260 m.
0

(d) d = ? Lonnie travels at a constant speed of 26 m/s before applying the

m
brakes, so d vt 26 s (1.5 s) 39 m.

v vf v0 0 v v
3-16. (a) a t t .
t t
m
v 72 s m
6.0 2 .
(b) a t 12 s s

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-5
 d v v 72 m 0m
t
(c) d ? From v d vt 0 f s s
(12 s) 430 m.
t 2 2

1 m 1 m
2 2 2
Or, d v0t 2 at 72 s (12 s)2 6.0 s (12 s) 430 m.

d d L 2L
3-17. (a) t ? From v t
v v
t v f2 0 v .
(b) t 2L 2(1.4 m) 0.19 s.
v 15.0 m

v v v
3-18. (a) v 0 f
.
2 2
350 m
175
(b) v
s m. Note that the length of the barrel isn’t needed—yet!
2 s

(c) From v d d L 0.40 m

t

t v v 175 m 0.0023 s 2.3 ms.

s

3-19. (a) From v d v v v v

t f t= 0 t. 22
dvt 0

m m
v v t = 25 11 s (7.8 s) 140 m.
(b) d 0 s

2 2

3-20. (a) v = ? There’s a time t between frames of 1 s, so v= d x 241 x. (That’s 24x per
24 1 s
t 24 s
second.)
1 1 m
(b) v 24 s x 24 s (0.15 m) 3.6 s .

2 2
3-21. (a) a = ? Since time is not a part of the problem we can use the formula vf v0 2ad

and
2
v
solve for acceleration a. Then, with v 0= 0 and d = x, a .

2
2x
2 1.8 10 7 m
v 15 m
(b) a s 1.6 10 .
2
2x 2(0.10 m) s
1.8 10 7m 0 m
(c) t ? From v v at t vf v 0 -8
s s 1.1 10 s 11 ns.
f 0 15 m
a 1.6 10 s
2

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-4
 d d
Or, from v t t v 2
s

1.8 10

L 2L 2(0.10 m) -8
vf v 0 (v 0) 7m 1.1 10 s.

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-4
 d v v 2d
3-22. (a) vf =? From v
0 f t with v0 0 vf .
t 2 t
2 2 2d .
(b) a =? From d v t 1 at with v 0 d 1 at a
2
f 0 0 t
2 2

(c) v 2d 2(402 m) 181 m; a 2d 2(402 m) 40.6 m .

2 2 2
f t 4.45 s s t (4.45 s) s

d v v v V t=
3-23. (a) d=? From v d vt 0 f
t.
t 2 2
v V 110 m 250 m
(b) d t= s s (3.5
s) 630 m.
2 2

3-24. (a) t ? Let's choose upward to be the positive direction.

From v v at with v
f 0
m
v 32s
t 3.3 s.
m
g 9.8
s2

0 f

t
d ? From v d

We get the same result with

3-25. (a) v 0 = ? When the potato hits the ground y = 0.

1
2
d vt at y v t
0 2
 1 1
(b) v gt (12 s) 59 9.8
 2 s2 2 s
3-26. (a) t = ? Choose downward to be the positive direction. From
1
2
From d v t at with v
0 2

2h 2(25m)

t
m
g 9.8 s2

vf vo at 0 gt9.8

2 2
Or, from 2ad v v with a g,
f

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-5
3-27. (a) v0 = ? Let’s call upward the positive direction. Since the trajectory is symmetric, vf = –v0.
Then from v v at, with ag v v gt 2vgtv gt .
f 0 0 0 0 0
2
m
2
(b) v gt 9.8 s (4.0s) 20 m .
0 2 2 s

d v v v
20 m
t t s (2.0 s) 20 m.
(c) d ? From v d vt 0 f 0

t 2 2 2
We use t = 2.0 s because we are only considering the time to the
highest point rather than the whole trip up and down.

3-28. (a) v0 = ? Let’s call upward the positive direction. Since no time is given, use
v 2 v 2 2ad with a = –g, vf = 0 at the top, and d = (y – 2 m).
f 0
2
v 2( g)(y 2m)v 2g( y 2 m) .
0 0
(b) v 2g( y 2 m ) 2 9.8 m (20 m 2 m) 18.8 m 19 m.

0 s 2 s s

3-29. (a) Taking upward to be the positive direction, from

2 2 2
2ad v v with ag and d h v v 2gh. So on the way up
f 0 f 0
2
vf v0 2gh.
2
(b)From above, on the way down vf v0 2gh, same magnitude but opposite
direction as (a).
2 2
v v v v v 2gh v vv 2gh
f 0 f 0 0 0 0 0

(c) From a t t a g g .
m m
2 vf v0 9.5 s 16
(d) v v 2gh 16 m 22 9.8 m (8.5 m) 9.5 m . s 2.6 s.
t
f 0 s s 2 s a 9.8 m

3-30. (a) vf = ? Taking upward to be the positive direction, from

2 2
2ad v v with ag and dh v v2 2gh. The displacement d is
f 0 f 0
negative because upward direction was taken to be positive, and the water balloon ends
up below the initial position. The final velocity is negative because the water balloon is
heading downward (in the negative direction) when it lands.
2 2
v v v v v 2gh v vv 2gh
(b) t = ? From a f 0
t f 0 0 0 0 0
.
t a g g
(c) vf = ? Still taking upward to be the positive direction, from
2 2 2 2 2
2ad v v with initial velocity = –v , ag and dh v v 2ghv v 2gh.
 f 0 0 f 0 f 0
We take the negative square root because the balloon is going downward. Note
that the final velocity is the same whether the balloon is thrown straight up or
straight down with initial speed v0.

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-6
 2 m 22
(d) v v 2gh 5.0 9.8 m (11.8 m)16 m for the balloon whether it is
f 0 s s 2 s
tossed upward or downward. For the balloon tossed upward,
m m
t vf v0 16 s 5 s 2.1 s.
m
a 9.8 2
s

3-31. (a) Call downward the positive direction, origin at the top.
2 2
From d v t 1 at with ag, d ² yh h vt 1 gt 2 1 gt v t h 0.
0 2 0 2 2 0
2
bb 4ac
From the general form of the quadratic formula x we identify
2a
2 g
g v0v0 4 2 ( h) v 0v 0 2 2gh .
a , bv , and ch, which gives t
2 0 g g
To get a positive value for the time we take the positive root, and get
v + v2 +2
t 0 0
gh
. g
(b) From
2ad vf2 v02 with initial velocity v0 , a g and d h vf2 v02 2gh vf v02 2gh.
2
v v 2gh
Or you could start with v v at v g 0 0
v 2 + 2 gh .
f 0 0 g 0
m m 2 m
v v 2 2gh 3.2 s 3.2s 2 9.8 2 (3.5 m)

0 0 s
(c) t g 9.8 m2 0.58 s. ;

s
2
v v2 2gh 3.2m 29.8 m (3.5 m) 8.9 m

f 0 s s2 s
2
3-32. (a) From d v t 1 at a 2(d v0t) .
0 2

2 t
2(d v0t ) 2 120 m 13 m ·5.0 s
(b) a 2
s
4.4 .m
2
t
2 (5.0 s) s
m
(c) vf v0 at 13 s4.4 sm 2 (5s) 35 ms .

(d) 35m 1 km 1 mi 3600 s 78 mi . This is probably not a safe speed for driving in
s 1000 m 1.61 km 1h h

an environment that would have a traffic light!

3-33. (a) From x vt v0 vf t v 2x v .
2 f t 0

v v (2 x v0 ) v0 2 x 2v0 x v .
(b) a f 0 t t
2 0

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-7
 2
t t t t t

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-8
 2x 2(95m)
(c) vf t v0 13 ms 3.0 m
s.
11.9s

x v 95m 13 m m m
vf v 0 3.0 13
2
s m s s m
a 2 0
2 0.84 or a 0.84 .
2
t 11.9s s
2 2
t t (11.9s) 11.9s s
2 2 2
3-34. (a) From 2ad vf v0 with d L vf v0 2aL . This is Rita’s speed at the
bottom of

the hill. To get her time to cross the highway: From v d t d d .

2
t vf v0 2aL
d 25m
(b) t 1.54s.
s
2 s

m 2 m
v0 2aL 3.0 2 1.5 2 (85m)

3-35. (a) Since v0 is upward, call upward the positive direction and put the origin at
the ground. Then
2 2 2
From d v t 1 at with ag, d ² yhh v t 1 gt 1 gt v t h 0.
0 2 0 2 2 0
2
From the general form of the quadratic formula x b b 4ac we identify
2a
2 v2
a g , bv , and ch, which gives v 0v 0 g ( h) v0 0 2 gh .
4 2
t
2 0 g g
2 2 2 2 2
(b) From 2ad v v with ag and d hv v 2ghvv 2 gh.
f 0 f 0 f 0
2 m m 2 m
v v 2gh 22 s 22 s 29.8 2 (14.7m)
0 0 s

(c) t g 9.8m 0.82 s or 3.67 s. So

2

s
Anthony has to have the ball leave his had either 0.82s or 3.67s before
midnight. The first time corresponds to the rock hitting the bell on the rock’s
way up, and the second time is for the rock hitting the bell on the way down.
v v2 2gh 22 m 22 9.8 m (14.7m)14 m.
f 0 s s 2 s

3-31. (a) v1 = ? The rocket starts at rest and after time t1 it has velocity v1 and has risen to a
height h1. Taking upward to be the positive direction, from vf v0 at with v0 0 v1 at1 .
1
2 1
2
(b) h = ? From d v t at with h d and v0 h at .
1 0 2 1 0 1 2 1

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-9
 (c) h2 = ? For this stage of the problem the rocket has initial velocity v1, vf = 0, a
= –g and the distance risen d = h2.
2 2 2 2 2 22
2 2 v v 0 v v (at ) a t
From 2ad v v
d f 0
h 1 1 1 1
.
f 2a 0 2( g) 2g 2g 2g 2

(d) tadditional = ? To get the additional rise time of the rocket: From
vf v0 tadditional vf v0 0 v1 at1
a .

t a g g
2 2
h h h 1 2 a t1 1 2 a

max 1 2 2 at1 2g 2 at1 1 g .

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-
10
 (f) tfalling = ? Keeping upward as the positive direction, now v0 = 0, a = –g and d = –hmax.
2 2
From d v t at
1 1 h ( g)t
0 2 max 2
1
2
2 at 1 a 2(g a)
t 2h

max
2 1 g
at

1
t

1
falling 2 a(g + a)
g g g g
t
(g) t t t t t at1 a(g + a) 1 .
total 1 additional falling 1 g g

(h) v v at 120 m 1 21 m 2
runs out of fuel 1 1 ; h1 2 at1 2 120 s2 (1.70 s) 173 m.
m
s2 (1.70 s) 204 s

2 2 2
2m 2
h h a t1 120 s (1.70 s) 2123 m.

additional 2 2g m
2

9
.
2
8 s
m
t
additional at1 120s2 (1.70 s) 20.8 s.
g 9.8 m
s2
hmax 173 m + 2123 m 2296 m 2300 m.
t 2h
max 2(2300 m)
falling 21.7 s.
g 9.8 m
s2

t t t t
total 1 additional falling 1.7 s 20.8 s 21.7 s 44.2 s.

3-32. v total distance x x 2x 1.14 x .

total time t 0.75t 1.75t t

x 140 km km
(b) v 1.14 1.14 80 hr .
t 2 hr

3-33. (a) v total distance . From v d d vt.

total time t
d d v t v t
walk jog walk walk jog jog v(30 min) 2v(30 min) 3v(30 min)
t t t t
So v walk jog walk jog 30 min 30 min 2(30 min) 1.5 v.

m m m
(b) v 1.5v 1.5 1.0 s 1.5 s.
 60 s
(c) dto cabin vttotal v (twalk t jog ) 1.5 s (30 min +30 min) 1 min 5400 m = 5.4 km.

3-34. (a) v total distance . From v d d vt.

total time t
d d v t v t
So v
slow fast slow slow fast fast v(1 h) 4v(1 h) 5v(1 h) 2.5 v.

tslow tfast tslow tfast 1h 1h 2h

km km
(b) v 2.5v 2.5 25 h63 h .
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf
3-9
 total distance . From v d t d x .
3-35. (a) v

total time t v v

d1 d2 2x 2x 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
So v 1 1

v v
x x

t1 t2 v v x v v2 v 1
2v
v v2 v(1.5v) 1.5v
2 1
2 2 1.2v. Note that the average velocity is biased toward
vv 1.5v v 2.5v
2 1
the lower speed since you spend more time driving at the lower speed than the higher speed.
h h
km km
(b) v 1.2v 1.2 28 34 .
d
Atti
3-36. (a) d =? From V d Vt. The time that Atti runs = the time that Judy

Atti Atti t Atti

walks, which is t x x
So d V
V
. Atti x.
v v v
m
V 4.5 s
(b) X x (150 m) 450 m.
m
v 1.5 s

3-37. v d 3m 2 m .
t 1.5 s s

3-38. h = ? Call upward the positive direction.

2 2
From v v 2ad with d h, v 0 and ag
f 0 f
2 2 2 2 14.7 m 2
vfv0 v0 v0 s
h m
2
2a 2( g) 2g 2 9.8 s 11 m.

d v v 0 27.5 m
3-39. d ? From v d vt 0 f
t s
(8.0 s) 110 m.
t 2 2
1 2
3-40. t ? Let's take down as the positive direction. From d v0t 2 at with v0 0 and a g
1 2
d 2 gt

t 2d 2(16 m) 1.8 s.
g 9.8 m
s2

m m
3-41. a v vf v0 12 s 0 s 4 m .

t t 3s s2
m m
v vf v 0 75 s 0 s 30 m .
3-42. a
2
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf
3-10
 t t 2.5 s s

1 1 1 m
2 2 2 2
3-43. d = ? With v0 0, d v0t 2 at becomes d 2 at 2 2.0 s (8.0 s) 64 m.

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-11
 2 2
3-44. a ? With v 0, d v t 1 becomes d 1 at a 2d 2(5.0 m) 2.5 m .
at
2 2 2
0 0 2 2 t (2.0 s)
s

1 1 1 m
2 2 2
3-45. d = ? With v0 0, d v0t 2 at becomes d 2 at 2 3.5 s2 (5.5 s) 53 m.

3-46. v0 = ? Here we’ll take upwards to be the positive direction, with a = g and vf = 0.
2 2 2 2 m
From v v 2ad v v 2( g)d v 2gd 2 9.8 (3.0 m) 7.7 m .
f 0 0 f 0 s2 s

3-47. t=? We can calculate the time for the ball to reach its maximum height (where the
velocity will be zero) and multiply by two to get its total time in the air. Here we’ll
take upward to be the positive direction, with a = g.
m
vf v 0 vf v0 v0 v0 18 s
From a t 1.84 s. This is the time to reach
t a g g 9.8 m
s2
the maximum height. The total trip will take 2 1.84 s = 3.7 s, which is less than 4
s. Alternatively, this can be done in one step with by recognizing that since the
trajectory is symmetric vf = –v0.

2v0 2 18m
s
t g 9.8 m 3.7 s.
2
s
3-48. v0 = ? Since she throws and catches the ball at the same height, vf v0 . Calling
upward
the positive direction, a = –g.
m
From v v at v v ( g)t 2vgt v gt 9.8 s2 (3.0 s) 15 m.
f 0 0 0 0 0
2 2 s

3-49. For a ball dropped with v0 = 0 and a = +g (taking downward to be the positive direction),
1 21 m 2 nd
dfallen, 1st second v0t 2 at 2 9.8 s 2 (1 s) 4.9 m. At the beginning of the 2 second

we have v0 = 9.8 m/s so

1 2 m 1 m 2
dfallen, 2nd second v0t 2 at 9.8 s (1 s) 2 9.8 s 2 (1 s) 14.7 m.
The

d nd
fallen, 2 second 14.7 m 3. More generally, the distance fallen from rest in a time
ratio
d st 4.9 m
fallen, 1 second

1 2
t is d gt . in the next time interval t the distance fallen is
2
1 at 2 1 gt 2 3
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. Wvolft (gt )t
0 2 2 3-12 2
3 2
 2
d gt . The ratios of these two distances is
from time t to 2t
d
from time t to 2t 2 gt 3.
d 1 2
from rest in time t
2 gt

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-13
 2 2
3-50. h ? Call upward the positive direction. From v v 2ad with d h, v 0 and ag

f 0 f
2 2 2 2 1,000 m 2
vfv0 v0 v0 s
h m
2
2a 2( g) 2g 2 9.8 s 51, 000 m > 50 km.
3-51. h ? With d h, v0 22 m , a – g and t 3.5 s, d v0t 1 at 2 becomes
s 2

m 1 m
2 2
h (22 s )(3.5 s) 2 9.8 s (3.5 s) 17 m

3-52. t =? From v d t d 65 m 5.0 s.

t v 13 m
s

m m
3-53. t ? From a v vf v0 t vf v0 28 s 0 s 4.0 s.
m

t t a 7.0 2
s

d d d 2d
3-54. (a) t ? From v t
v
t v f 2v0 v .
2 2 v2
(b) a = ? With v0 0 and vf v, vf – v0 2ad becomes a .
2d

(c) t 2d 2(140 m)

v 28 m

3-55. d ? From v d vt
t

3-56. t = ? From v t
t v

3-57. a ? With v 0, v
f f
2 220 mi
a v0 h 0.621 mi

2d
 1

3-
2
58. From d v t at
0 2
 2
b b 4ac

x
2a
2
v0v0 4

t a
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf
3-12
3-59. v0 = ? The candy bar just clears the top of the balcony with height 4.2m + 1.1m = 5.3 m.
2 2
With v 0, v – v 2ad with v and ² y positive and ag v2 v 2 2( g)h
f f 0 0 0 f

v2gh 2 9.8 m (5.3m) 10.19 m 10.2 m . The total time is the time for the
0 s 2 s s
way to the top of the balcony rail plus the time to fall 1.1 m to the floor of the balcony.
2 2
t ? From d v t 1 at with v 0 and ag d 1 ( g)t t 2d 2(5.3 m)
s
1.04 s.
up f 2 f 2 up g
9.8 m 2

2 2
t ? From d v t 1 at with v 0, ag and d ² yh h 1 ( g)t t 0
s
down 0 2 0 2 down g
9.8 m
2

So ttotal tup tdown 1.040 s 0.47 s 1.51s. An alternative route is: Since v0 is
upward, call upward the positive direction and put the origin at the ground. Then
2 2 2
From d v t 1 at with ag, d ² y 4.2m d vt 1 gt 1 gt v t d 0.
0 2 0 2 20
2
b 4ac
From the general form of the quadratic formula x b we identify
2a

v 2 g 2
a g , bv , and c d, which gives t v0 0 4 2 (d) v0 v0 2gd

2 0 g g
10.19 m 10.19m 2 2 9.8 m (4.2m)
2

s s s
m
0.57 s or 1.51s. The first answer
9.8 2
s
corresponds to the candy reaching 4.2 m but not having gone over the top
balcony rail yet. The second answer is the one we want, where the candy has
topped the rail and arrives 4.2 m above the ground.

3-58. Consider the subway trip as having three parts—a speeding up part, a constant speed part,
and a slowing down part. d d d d .
total speeding up constant speed slowing down

m 1 2 1 m 2
2 2
For dspeeding up , v0 0, a 1.5 s and t 12 s, so d v0t 2 at 2 1.5 s (12 s) 108 m.

For d vt. From the speeding up part we had v 0, a 1.5 m and t 12 s

2
constant speed 0 s
0 s2 s s
m m m
so v v at 1.5 (12 s) 18 and so d 18 (38 s)684 m
m 1 2 1 m 2
2 2
For dslowing down , vf 0, a –1.5 s and t 12 s, so d vf t 2 at 2 -1.5 s (12 s) 108 m.

So d d d d 108 m 684 m 108 m 900 m.

total speeding up constant speed slowing down

3-59. One way to approach this is to use Phil’s average speed to find how far he has
run during the time it takes for Mala to finish the race.
From v d d t
Phil
v Phil t
1
0
0.
0
m
(1
2.
8
s)
9
4.
1
m
.
S
in
c
e
P
hi
l
h
a
s
o
n
lyM
al
a

1
3
.
6
s
traveled 94.1 m when Mala crosses the finish line, he is
behind by 100 m 94.1 m 5.9 m 6 m.

© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf

3-13
3-60. t = ? The time for Terrence to land from his maximum height is the same as the
time it takes for him to rise to his maximum height. Let’s consider the time for
him to land from a height of 0.6 m. Taking down as the positive direction:
1 2 1 2
From d v0t 2 at with v0 0 and a g d 2 gt

t g 9.8 m 0.35 s.
s2

His total time in the air would be twice this amount, 0.7 s.

3-61. v d 1 mi 80 mi .
t 1h h
45 s

3600 s
3-62. v total distance . If we call the distance she drives d, then from v d t d .

totaldtime d t vv v
there back 2d 2d 2 there back

So v t t d d d 1 1 v v
v v back v there
there back vthere vback vthere back v therev bac k 2 back there
2

40 km 60 km 2400 km
2 h h 2 h 48 km . Note that the average velocity is biased
60 km 40 km 100 km h

h h h
toward the lower speed since Norma spends more time driving at the lower
speed than at the higher speed.
© Paul G. Hewitt and Phillip R. W olf
3-14