UNIT 1- SOFT SKILLS AND COMMUNICATION BASICS

WHAT IS EMPLOYABILITY AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT [For understanding]

EMPLOYMENT + ABILITY + SKILLS

Employability refers to an individual's ability to gain and maintain employment. It includes a

combination of skills, knowledge, experience, and personal attributes that make an individual
attractive to employers and successful in the workplace.

Skill development refers to the process of acquiring and improving the skills and knowledge
necessary to perform a job or role effectively. It can involve a range of activities, including
training, education, on-the-job learning, and personal development.

Q. What are soft skills, explain with an example.

Skills: To perform any task you need a certain level of expertise which is called as skills.

Soft skills: Interpersonal, communication, and behavioural skills that help individuals
interact effectively with others are called as Soft skills.

Examples of soft skills:

1. Communication - the ability to effectively convey ideas and information to others.

2. Teamwork - the ability to work collaboratively with others towards a common goal.

3. Leadership - the ability to motivate and guide others towards achieving objectives.

4. Adaptability - the ability to quickly adjust to changing circumstances and situations.

5. Problem-solving - the ability to identify and analyze problems and develop effective
solutions.

6. Time management - the ability to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively.

7. Creativity - the ability to think outside the box and come up with innovative ideas.

8. Emotional intelligence - the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions as
well as the emotions of others.

9. Conflict resolution - the ability to identify and resolve conflicts in a constructive and
positive manner.

10. Active listening - the ability to listen actively and attentively to others to fully
understand their perspectives and needs.
Q. What are hard skills, explain with an example.

Hard skills: Specific technical or specialized knowledge, expertise, and abilities required to
perform a particular job or task are called as hard skills.

Examples of hard skills:

1. Programming languages - the ability to write computer code in languages such as

Python, Java, or C++.

2. Data analysis - the ability to collect, interpret, and analyze data using tools such as
Excel, SQL, or R.

3. Accounting - the ability to manage financial records, prepare financial statements,

and analyze financial data.

4. Graphic design - the ability to create visual designs and layouts using software such
as Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator.

5. Foreign language proficiency - the ability to speak and write in a language other
than one's native language.

6. Project management - the ability to plan, execute, and monitor projects using tools
such as Agile or Scrum.

7. Engineering - the ability to design and build structures, machines, or systems using
principles of math and science.

8. Medical procedures - the ability to perform medical procedures such as surgery,

diagnosis, or treatment.

9. Digital marketing - the ability to develop and execute online marketing strategies
using tools such as Google Analytics or SEO.

10. Web development - the ability to design, develop, and maintain websites using
programming languages such as HTML, CSS, or JavaScript.

Q. Explain Soft Skills to master

There are a variety of skills that one can master, depending on their interests and career goals.
Here are some examples:

1. Communication Skills: This includes listening, speaking, and writing effectively to

convey ideas and information clearly and efficiently.

2. Time Management: The ability to manage time efficiently and prioritize tasks is
crucial for success in any job or field.
 3. Leadership: Strong leadership skills involve motivating, guiding, and inspiring
others towards achieving common goals.

4. Problem-Solving: The ability to identify and solve problems effectively and

efficiently is a key skill in any profession.

5. Collaboration: Working collaboratively with others involves being able to

communicate effectively, respect diverse perspectives, and work towards common
goals.

6. Adaptability: The ability to adapt to change, be flexible, and learn quickly is

becoming increasingly important in our rapidly evolving world.

7. Technical Skills: Specific technical skills required for a particular job or profession
can be crucial for success in the field.

8. Emotional Intelligence: The ability to understand and manage one's emotions and
the emotions of others is important for building strong relationships and effective
communication.

9. Creativity: Being able to think outside the box and generate new ideas can be a
valuable skill in many industries.

10. Critical Thinking: The ability to analyze, evaluate, and interpret information and
arguments effectively is essential for making informed decisions.

Mastering these skills can help individuals become more successful and effective in their
personal and professional lives.

Q. Explain Interdisciplinary relevance

 Interdisciplinary relevance refers to the importance of combining knowledge and

skills from different disciplines or fields of study to solve complex problems.
 It involves recognizing that many issues and challenges we face in the world today
cannot be fully understood or solved by a single discipline or perspective.
 Interdisciplinary relevance emphasizes the importance of collaboration and
communication between experts from different fields, such as scientists, engineers,
social scientists, and policy-makers.
 By working together, they can bring their unique knowledge, skills, and approaches to
the table, and find more comprehensive, innovative, and effective solutions to
complex problems.
 Overall, interdisciplinary relevance is about recognizing that many problems and
challenges faced by society today require expertise from multiple disciplines to solve,
and encouraging collaboration and integration of knowledge to find effective
solutions.
Q. Explain Global and national perspectives on soft skills

Global perspective on soft skills:

 The global perspective on soft skills refers to the soft skills that are valued in the
global job market, regardless of country or culture.
 These soft skills are becoming increasingly important due to changes in technology,
work culture, and communication.
 Some examples of soft skills that are valued globally include communication,
problem-solving, teamwork, adaptability, and leadership.

National perspective on soft skills:

 The national perspective on soft skills refers to the soft skills that are valued and
prioritized within a specific country or culture.
 These soft skills may be influenced by economic, educational, and cultural factors.
 For example, in India, soft skills such as communication, intercultural sensitivity, and
adaptability are often emphasized due to the diverse nature of the society and
workforce.
 In the United States, soft skills such as problem-solving, teamwork, and leadership are
often valued.

Overall, both global and national perspectives on soft skills recognize the importance of soft
skills in the workplace and beyond, but the specific soft skills that are valued may vary based
on cultural and societal factors.

Q. What is resume? [Summary]

 A resume is a concise document that summarizes a person's relevant work experience,

education, skills, and achievements.
 It is typically used for job applications in the private sector or non-academic positions.
 A well-crafted resume should highlight the person's qualifications and demonstrate
how their skills and experience align with the requirements of the job being applied
for.

Q. What is Curriculum Vitae (CV)? [Course of Life]

 A CV (Curriculum Vitae) is a comprehensive document that provides an overview of

a person's academic and professional achievements, including their education,
research experience, publications, presentations, awards, and professional affiliations.
 It is typically used for job applications in academic, research, or scientific fields.
 A well-crafted CV should demonstrate a person's expertise and accomplishments in
their field of study or work, and showcase their track record of success.
Q. Explain difference between Resume and CV

1. Length: A resume is typically one or two pages long, while a CV can be several
pages long.

2. Purpose: A resume is a summary of a person's work experience and skills, tailored to

a specific job or industry. A CV, on the other hand, is a more comprehensive
document that provides a detailed overview of an individual's academic and
professional achievements.

3. Content: A resume emphasizes a person's work experience, skills, and

accomplishments related to the specific job being applied for. A CV provides a more
detailed account of a person's academic background, research experience,
publications, presentations, and other professional achievements.

4. Format: Resumes are usually structured in reverse chronological order, with the most
recent work experience listed first. CVs, on the other hand, are structured in a more
flexible format, with sections that can be organized by topic or in chronological order.

5. Use: Resumes are generally used for job applications in the private sector or non-
academic positions, while CVs are more commonly used in academic, research, or
scientific fields.

6. Focus: Resumes focus on a person's relevant work experience and skills, while CVs
focus on a person's academic and professional achievements.

7. Audience: Resumes are usually targeted to hiring managers or recruiters in the

specific industry, while CVs are targeted to academic or research positions and are
often reviewed by a search committee.

Q. How to develop an impressive resume?

1. Tailor your resume to the job: Your resume should be tailored to the specific job you're
applying for. Review the job description and use keywords from it to make your resume stand
out.

2. Keep it concise: Your resume should be no longer than two pages. Use bullet points to
highlight your achievements and keep your sentences short and to the point.

3. Use a professional format: Choose a professional format for your resume, such as
chronological, functional or combination. Use a clear, easy-to-read font and make sure your
resume is well-organized and visually appealing.

4. Highlight your achievements: Rather than simply listing your job duties, focus on your
achievements and accomplishments. Use numbers and data to quantify your achievements
and make them more impressive.
5. Use active language: Use active language and action verbs to describe your
accomplishments and experience. For example, instead of saying 'responsible for," use
"managed" or "oversaw."

6. Include relevant skills and experience: Make sure your resume includes all relevant
skills and experience that relate to the job you're applying for. Highlight your most
impressive achievements and make sure they stand out.

7. Proofread and edit: Make sure your resume is free of errors and typos. Ask a friend or
mentor to review it for you as well.

8. Be honest: Don't exaggerate or lie on your resume. Be honest about your skills and
experience, and be prepared to back up any claims you make in an interview.

[Remember, your resume is your first impression on a potential employer. By following

these tips and putting in the effort to make your resume stand out, you can increase your
chances of getting the job you want].

Q. Explain different formats of Resume?

1. Chronological resume: This is the most common type of resume. It lists your work
experience in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent job. This format is
best if you have a consistent work history and want to highlight your career progression.

2. Functional resume: This format focuses on your skills and accomplishments, rather than
your work history. It is organized by skill area or function, rather than by date. This format is
best if you have gaps in your employment history or are changing careers.

3. Combination resume: This format combines elements of both the chronological and
functional resumes. It highlights your skills and accomplishments, while also including a
chronological work history. This format is best if you want to emphasize your skills and
accomplishments, but also want to show your work history.

Q. Explain difference between Job application and Cover letter.

 A job application is a standard form or online portal where applicants fill out their
personal and professional information.

 A cover letter is an optional document that accompanies a job application and is used
to introduce the applicant, highlight their qualifications, and express their interest in
the job.
  A job application is usually required by employers, while a cover letter is not always
required but is often recommended.

 A job application typically asks for specific information, such as work history and
references, while a cover letter allows the applicant to personalize their application
and make a stronger impression on the employer.

 Both a job application and a cover letter should be tailored to the specific job and
company being applied to.

Overall, Job application is a formal document that provides basic information about yourself,
while a cover letter is a more personalized document that highlights your qualifications and
interest in the specific job.

Q. Write a Cover letter for B.Tech passed out fresher student in Electronics and
Telecommunication.

[It's a sample cover letter that you can modify as required.]

Dear [Hiring Manager's Name],

I am excited to apply for the Electronics and Telecommunication Engineer position at

[Company Name]. As a recent B.Tech graduate in Electronics and Telecommunication, I am
eager to apply my skills and knowledge to a challenging and rewarding role in the field.

During my B.Tech program at [University Name], I gained hands-on experience with a wide
range of electronics and telecommunication technologies. I developed a strong foundation in
signal processing, digital communications, and embedded systems design. I also honed my
skills in programming, circuit design, and data analysis using various software tools.

I am confident that I can contribute to your company's success by applying my knowledge

and skills to solve complex engineering problems and develop innovative solutions.

Thank you for considering my application. I have attached my resume for your review and
look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further with you.

Sincerely,

[Your Name

Contact Number]
Q. PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATION PLANNING

1. Define your audience: Start by defining your target audience, including their
background, knowledge, interests, and expectations. This will help you tailor your
presentation to their needs and interests.

2. Set clear goals and objectives: What do you want to achieve with your presentation?
Do you want to inform, persuade, entertain, or inspire your audience? Setting clear
goals and objectives will help you stay focused and deliver a more effective
presentation.

3. Choose a topic: Choose a topic that is relevant to your audience and aligns with your
goals and objectives. Make sure your topic is clear, concise, and engaging.

4. Develop your content: Research your topic and organize your ideas into a clear and
logical structure. Use visual aids such as graphs, images, and videos to illustrate your
points and keep your audience engaged.

5. Practice your delivery: Practice your presentation several times before the actual
event. This will help you identify any areas that need improvement and become more
comfortable with your material. Use a timer to ensure that you stay within the allotted
time frame.

6. Consider your presentation environment: Consider the venue, lighting, seating, and
equipment you will be using for your presentation. Make sure you arrive early to set
up and test your equipment.

7. Engage your audience: Engage your audience throughout your presentation by

asking questions, encouraging participation, and using humor and storytelling
techniques. This will help keep their attention and make your presentation more
memorable.

8. Close with a strong conclusion: Summarize your key points and leave your audience
with a strong conclusion that reinforces your goals and objectives.

Following these steps can help you plan and deliver a professional presentation that is
informative, engaging, and memorable.
Q. EXPLAIN TECHNICAL WRITING

1. Know your audience: Before you start writing, make sure you know who your
audience is and what their needs are. This will help you tailor your writing to their
level of understanding and expertise.

2. Use clear and concise language: Technical writing should be clear, concise, and easy
to understand. Avoid using technical jargon unless it is necessary and provide clear
explanations for any technical terms you do use.

3. Organize your content: Organize your content into sections or chapters to make it
easier for your readers to find the information they need. Use headings, subheadings,
and bullet points to make your content easier to read.

4. Use visuals: Visuals such as diagrams, charts, and images can help illustrate your
points and make your content more engaging. Make sure your visuals are labelled and
easy to understand.

5. Provide examples: Examples can help your readers understand complex concepts
and apply them to their own situations. Use real-world examples whenever possible.

6. Edit and proofread: Edit and proofread your writing to ensure that it is clear,
concise, and error-free. Use spell-check and grammar-check tools, and have someone
else review your writing for clarity and accuracy.

7. Follow a style guide: Follow a style guide such as APA, MLA, or Chicago to ensure
that your writing is consistent and professional. Use the appropriate formatting for
headings, citations, and references.

8. Be mindful of accessibility: Ensure that your writing is accessible to all readers,

including those with disabilities. Use accessible formats such as alt text for images
and captions for videos.

By following these tips, you can create effective technical writing that is clear, concise, and
easy to understand.