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Power and Roots

This document discusses powers, roots, and scientific notation. It provides examples and rules for: 1) Calculating powers, which involve multiplying a number by itself a specified number of times called the index or exponent. 2) Laws of indices for multiplication, division, and powers of powers. 3) The relationship between powers and roots, where the nth root of an is equal to a to the power of 1/n. 4) Using scientific notation to write very large or small numbers as a coefficient multiplied by a power of 10.

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63 views

Power and Roots

This document discusses powers, roots, and scientific notation. It provides examples and rules for: 1) Calculating powers, which involve multiplying a number by itself a specified number of times called the index or exponent. 2) Laws of indices for multiplication, division, and powers of powers. 3) The relationship between powers and roots, where the nth root of an is equal to a to the power of 1/n. 4) Using scientific notation to write very large or small numbers as a coefficient multiplied by a power of 10.

Uploaded by

Rio Nazr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power and roots

A VERY IMPORTANT MESSAGE TO GROUP:


The of number is indicate that this number will multiply itself. The general form of power is;

A
n
= a x a x a…x a n times
If the amount in the form a n, then A called base and n called indices, example’s are;

Powers Multiplication form (full) answer


4
2 2x2x2x2 16

-3 x -3 x -3 -27
3
−3

63 6x 6 x 6 216

4
−7 -7 x -7 x -7 x -7 2.401

7
10 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 10.000.000

1. POWERS
Power number is indicate that this will multiply by itself, example;
1. 24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
Tip:
= 16
If the indices are odd numbers then the results is
2. (−3¿¿ 3) ¿ = (-3) x (-3) x (-3) minus and if an even number then the result is
= 9 x (-3) positive
= -27

2. LAW OF INDICES
A. MULTIPLICATION
Tip:
a m
xa =a
n (m+ n) the base
needs to
be the
same to
do this

B. DIVISION

a
m
:a =
n
a
(m−n)
C. POWER BY POWER

¿¿ = a(m x n)

EXAMPLE:
1. 4 3X 4 2 = 4 (3 +2) = 4 5
2. 59: 54 = 5(9−4) = 95
3. ¿ ¿ = 3(4 X 2) = 38
4. THE ZERO INDEX
o
a =1

Prove:
23 3−3 0
1. =2 =2
23
3
2 8
2. = =1
2 8
3

5. NEGATIVE INDICES
−m 1
a = m
a

prove:
−4 1 1
1. 3 = 4 = 81
3

3. ROOTS
RELATION OF POWERS & ROOTS

√n am =a mn

Example:
1. find the value of √
3 2
8
2
solution = 8 |
3
2 3
= (2 )
3
3 2
=2 x
3
2
=2
=4

2. √3 1252=125 32
3 2
=5 X
3
= 52
= 25

3. √ 50 = √ 2 X 25
= √ 2 X √ 25
= √2 X 5
= 5√ 2

4 √ 6 4 √6
4. X =
√6 √ 6 6
2
= √6
3

Tip:
LAW OF ROOTS To do this the roots
must be the same!
Example:
1. b √ a+ c √ a
= ( b+ c ) √ a

7 √ 3+10 √ 3 = 17 √ 3

2. b √ a−c √ a
= ( b−c ) √ a

8 √ 3+10 √ 3 = −√ 7

3. √ ab=√ a x √ b

√ 125 = √ 25 x 5
= √ 25 X √ 5
= 5 √5
4.
√ a √a
=
b √b

√ 50 √ 50
2
=
√2
=√ 25
= √25 X √ 2
√2

=5

4. NOTATION
Example;
1. 100.000.000.000 = 1011 A X 10n
2. 85.000 = 8,5 x 104
3. 725.000.000.000 = 7,25 x 1011
4. 0,000.000.071 = 7,1 x 10−8

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