Department of Education

9 National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4: Module 3
ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND ANGLE OF DEPRESSION

Allen O. Aquino
Writers:
Gemma Y. Bandoquillo
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE

 What I Need to Know

Hello Grade 9 learners! In this module, you will learn how to:

• illustrates angles of elevation and angles of depression. (M9GE-IVd-1)

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you can
already:
1. illustrates angles of elevation
2. illustrates angles of depression

What I Know

Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Which angle is between a horizontal line from the observer and the line
of sight to an object that is above the horizontal line?
A. Angle of Depression C. Angle of Reference
B. Angle of Elevation D. Angle of Sight

2. What do you call an angle between a horizontal line from the observer
and the line of sight to an object that is below the horizontal line?
A. Angle of Depression C. Angle of Reference
B. Angle of Elevation D. Angle of Sight

3. In the diagram below, which of the following line or

segment is the horizontal line of sight from the
observer?
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
4. Marikit statue stands 30 m long and cast a
shadow of 38 m long. What do you call the
shadow’s angle between the ground and the sun?
A. Angle of Elevation
B. Angle of Depression
C. Angle of Reference
D. Right Angle

5. From the top of the tallest building in Metro

Manila, to the ground is 450, what do you call
this angle?
A. Angle of Elevation
B. Angle of Depression
C. Angle of Reference
D. Right angle

6. A building that is 40 m tall casts a shadow that is 52 m long. What is the

angle of elevation of the sun?
A. 35°67’ B. 37°34′ C. 38°47′ D. 40°12′
7. From the top of a hill, a man sees his wife on the ground at an angle of
depression of 37º. If the hill is 29 feet in height. How far is his wife from
the base of the hill, to the nearest tenth of a foot?
A. 38.5 ft. B. 39.56 ft. C. 40.5 ft. D. 42.5 ft.
8. What is the measure angle of elevation from a point on the ground to a
35-m tree that is 30 meters away from it?
A. 29º B. 39º C. 49º D. 59º
9. A farmer attached a twelve-foot guy wire to help support the Lanzones
tree while its roots take hold. From the stake in the ground, the angle of
elevation of the connection with the tree is 47º. What is the height of the
connection point on the Lanzones tree from the ground?
A. 3.2 ft. B. 4.2 ft. C. 8.8 ft D. 9.2 ft.
10. An Engineer measures the angle of depression from the top of BF
building to a point on the ground. The point is located on the level ground
62 feet from the base of the building and the angle of depression is 52º.
How high is the building?
A. 79.3 ft B. 89.4 ft C. 97.4 ft D. 98.4 ft

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 LESSON 1: ANGLE OF ELEVATION

What’s In
Complete the table below that summarizes the values of the six trigonometric
ratios of the angle 30º, 45º and 60º.

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF THE ANGLES

𝜃 Sin 𝜃 Cos 𝜃 Tan 𝜃 Csc 𝜃 Sec 𝜃 Cot 𝜃

1
30° 2
2
45° 1 1
1
60° 2
2

Rapunzel’s prince charming wanted to save her as she was trapped in the
tower all her life. He is 23 ft away from the base of the tower.
Guide Questions:
1. When the prince looks at Rapunzel on top of
the tower is there an angle formed?
2. Since he already knew his distance to the
base of the tower could it help in finding how
high he will climb to save Rapunzel?

Analysis: Do you think the prince can determine

the height of the tower if he knows the angle
formed and his distance from the base?

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What is It

Line of Sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the
object being observed.
The Angle of Elevation is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the
observer to the object above.

REMEMBER:
SOH Sine =
CAH Cosine =
TOA Tangent =

Example 1:
A. Solving the angle of elevation:

The other side of the highest

point in the Philippines, the
Mount Apo in Mindanao rises
vertically 1325 feet over a
horizontal distance of 4629 feet.
Find the angle of elevation?

Solution: ?
1. Label the illustration.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
2. Solve the missing angle 𝜃.
Since the given are the vertical?and horizontal distances that’s the
opposite and adjacent sides of the triangle, so we can use the tangent
function. TOA, that is opposite over adjacent.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
TOA 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
1325 𝑓𝑡.
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 =
4629 𝑓𝑡
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 0.286
𝜃 = 15°58′ 46"
3. Therefore, the angle of elevation of a mountain is 15°57’.

Example 2:
B. Solving the height:

A guy wire 100 feet long is attached to the

top of a tree, making an angle of 37 0 with
the ground. How high is the tree?

Solution:
1. Draw and label the illustration.

2. Solve the height of a tree.

Since the given are the Hypotenuse and
the angle and the missing is the opposite
side, so we are going to use sine
function, the SOH.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑆𝑂𝐻 → 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑥
sin (370 ) =
100
( 100 )𝑠𝑖𝑛 37° = 𝑥
(100)(0.6018) = 𝑥
𝑥 = 60.18 𝑓𝑡.
3. Therefore, the height of the tree is 60.18 ft.

Example 3:
C. Solving the distance

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
A 22 feet fire truck ladder leaning
against a building makes a 700
angle with the ground. Find the
horizontal distance of the ladder to
the base of the building?

1. Label the illustration:?

2. Solve the distance:

Since the given are the hypotenuse and the angle of elevation and the
missing part is the horizontal distance (adjacent side) so we are going to use
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
the CAH. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠 70° = 22
0.342(22) = 𝑥
𝑥 = 7.52
3. Therefore, the horizontal distance of the ladder to the base of the building
is 7.52 ft.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Activity 1. Look Up! Look Down!
In the following figures below, identify the segment that represents the line of
sight, and check whether the angle represents the angle of elevation or angle
of depression.

Activity 2: SYA BA o AKO?

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What I Have Learned

Label the diagram.

What I Can Do
THINGS ARE LOOKING UP!

Surveyor: operates clinometer, supervises group to stay on task:

___________________________
Technicians: reads clinometer angle values, ensures accuracy of
measurements:__________________________
Recorder: writes down all data, manages tools for appropriate
use:______________________
Specialists: measures distances: ________________

Surveyors: Heights to eye: ___________ feet.

How to use a clinometer:

1. Choose an object to look at.
2. Look at the top of the object
through the straw.
3. Record the angle at which
you look up.
* Careful this may not be
equal to the angle.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 99
Assessment

Encircle the letter that corresponds to the best answer.

1. A 20-foot ladder leans against a wall so that the base of the ladder is 14
meters from the base of the building. What is the ladder’s angle of elevation?
A. 45° B. 55° C. 60° D. 65°
2. At a point on the ground 30 feet from the fruit of the tree, the angle of
elevation to the top of the tree is 65º. What is the height of the tree?
A. 64.3 ft. B. 44.4 ft. C. 34.62 ft. D. 24.6 ft.
3. The angle of elevation from a car to the 150 ft tower is 320. How far is the
car from the tower?
A. 140.05 ft. B. 180.7 ft. C. 240.38 ft. D. 280.5 ft
4. A 5 ft tall man casts a shadow of 6 ft. on the ground. What is the angle of
elevation from the tip of the shadow to the sun?
A. 29° B. 39° C. 49° D. 59°
5. You are standing 14 feet away from a flagpole and you measured that the
angle of elevation is 380, how tall is the flagpole?
A. 10.94 ft. B. 11.29 ft. C. 12.4 ft. D. 13.12ft.

Additional Activities
Decode the riddle below.

Riddle: Where are the popular shoes of former First Lady Imelda Marcos
preserved?

1 2 3 4 5 4 6 2

7 4 8 9

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
1. An eagle is 60 meters high. Ronnie is standing on the I. 10 ft.
ground of a cliff 80 meters. What is an angle of
elevation from the base of the cliff to the eagle?
2. A man who is 2m tall stands on horizontal ground 30m N. 41°24′
from a tree. The angle of elevation of the top of a tree
from his eyes is 280.What is the height of the tree?
3. The angle of elevation of the top of the building from a M. 36°52′
point 30 meters away from the building is 650. Find the
height of the building?
4. A construction worker leans his ladder against a building C. 69.93 m
making a 60o angle with the ground. If his ladder is 20 feet
long, how far away is the base of the ladder from the
building?
5. You sight a rock climber on a cliff at a 320 angle of K. 1,179.18 ft.
elevation. The horizontal ground distance to the cliff is
1000 ft. Find the line sight distance to the rock climber?
6. A mansion is 41.29 ft. tall. The shadow cast by the Y. 39°48′
mansion is 46.83 ft. What is the angle of elevation of
the sun from the tip of the shadow?
7. A kite is flying at an angle of elevation of about 55 0. T. 15.63 ft.
Find the altitude of the kite from the ground if 85m of
string have been let out?
8. You are standing 20 ft away from a tree and you A. 17.95 m.
measure the angle of elevation to be 38 0. How tall is
the tree?
9. A tree 100 m. tall cast a shadow of 120 m long. Find R. 64.34 m.
the angle of elevation of the sun?

DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE

 LESSON 2: ANGLE OF DEPRESSION

What’s In

Draw me!

Draw the pictures presented by the information in the given problem (written
answer is not required)
1. Aldrin James kite is flying above a field at the end of 75 m of string. If the
angle of elevation to the kite measures 80º.
2. Jennilyn wants to measure the height of a tree. She walks exactly 120 feet
from the base of the tree and looks up. The angle from the ground to the top
of the tree is 43º.
3. The top of the building makes an angle of elevation 600 from a car parked on
the ground. If the building is 45 m tall and the distance is 50 m far from the
car.
Rubrics:
Accuracy 4 points
Resourcefulness 3 points
Mathematical Justification 3 points

A sky diver jumped out from the soaring plane 20,000 ft high above, wanted to
land closely to a pre-determined target.

Guide Questions:
1. Is there an angle formed when the sky
diver looked down to his landed
target?
2. Since he knows how high is the plane
from the land, could it help him finding
how far is he from his target?
Analysis: Do you think the skydiver can
determine how far he is from his target if
he knows the angle formed and the height
of the plane from the land?

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What is It
Line of Sight is an imaginary
line that connects the eye of an
observer to the object being
observed.
The Angle of Depression is
the angle from the horizontal to
the line of sight of the observer
to the object below.

Example 1:

a. finding the angle of depression

A ship is 80 meters out to

sea. Alleah is on a cliff 100
meters high. What is the
angle of depression from the
top to the boat ?

1. Label the illustration. ϴ

80m
Since the horizontal line of sight
WX of the observer above the cliff
and the horizontal distance ZY
W ϴ X
are parallel and the line of sight of
the observer to the ship XZ is the
transversal, so thus the angle of
depression ϴ and < Z (in the fig)
80 m
100m are alternate interior angles and
therefore
2. they
Since theare congruent.
given are horizontal
and vertical sides and the missing is the angle of depression, so we will
the tangent function, TOA.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝛳 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
100
𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛳 = 80
𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛳 = 1.25
𝛳 = 510 20′ 24.69"
3. Therefore, the angle of depression is 51°20′ 69".

Example 2:

b. finding the distance.

An observer above the

light house 760 m tall,
the angle of depression
to an approaching ship
is 310.Find the
horizontal distance of
the ship to the foot of
the light house.

1. Draw and label the illustration. Since the horizontal line of sight
BD of the observer above the
lighthouse and the horizontal
distance AB are parallel and the
line of sight of the observer to the
ship AC is the transversal, so thus
the angle of depression 310 and
A (in the fig) are alternate interior
angles and therefore they are
congruent.
2. Since the given are height (opposite) and the angle and the missing part is
the distance (adjacent) so we are going to use the tangent function, the TOA.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
TOA 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
360
𝑡𝑎𝑛 31° = 𝑥
𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛 31° = 360
360
𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 31⁰
360
𝑥 = 0.6008
𝑥 = 599.20 𝑓𝑡
Therefore, the distance of the boat to foot of the lighthouse is 599.20 ft.

Example 3:

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 c. finding the height:
From the top of Dr. Jose
Rizal’s house in Calamba
Laguna, the angle of
depression of a point on the
ground is 670. The point is
10 m from the top of a
house.How high is Dr. Jose
Rizal’s house?

1. Label the illustration.

10 m C

2. Since the given are the angle, and the hypotenuse and the missing is the
height of the house (opposite), so we will use sine function SOH.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛 67° = 10
𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛 67° = 10
10
𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑛 67°
10
𝑥 = 0.9205
𝑥 = 10.86 𝑚

3. Therefore, the house is 10.86 m tall.

Activity: Missing Piece.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Solve the following problems that show your solution.

What I Have Learned

15
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Label the parts:

What I Can Do

Answer the given riddle by decoding each letter below. Write your answer on
the space provided.

Riddle: Who is the 16th President of the Philippines?

1. The angle of depression from the top T. 620 53’

of a building to the base of a train is 70 0.If the
U. 5.1 m
building is 98 feet tall. How far away Is the
A. 67.5 ft.
train?
I. 7.79 m

2. A painter wants to paint a wall, the angle of E. 83.9 ft.

R. 35.67 ft.
depression from the top of a wall to a point on
the ground. The point located on level ground C. 12.7 ft.
is 62 feet from the base of the wall and the G. 192.32 m
angle of depression is 420. How high is the
D. 8°44′
wall?
3. An airplane begins its descent to a runway M. 23°
from an altitude of 12,000ft. if the airplane is
S. 127.3 m
78,000ft. from the runway as measured along
O. 55.83 ft.
the ground, what is the angle of depression.
4. A ladder leaning against a window of a house F. 8.6 m
makes an angle of 600 with the ground, if the

16
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 length of the ladder is 9 m. find the distance of
the foot of the ladder from the wall?
5. An observer standing on the top of a vertical
cliffs spots a house in the adjacent valley at an
angle of depression of 200. The cliff is 70 m
tall. How far is the house from the base of the
cliff?
6. Jennifer is 12.7 meters up and the angle of
depression from Jennifer to Jerome is 680.
Find the distance from Jerome to the base of
the building to the nearest tenth of a meter?
7. To see Jennifer better (refer to item number
6), Jerome walks out into the street so he is
6.5 meters from the base of the building. Find
the angle of depression from Jennifer to
Jerome to the nearest degree?
8. A cliff is 100 ft. above the sea. From the cliff
the angle of depression to a boat is 500. How
far is the boat from the base of the cliff? Round
your answer to one decimal place.

Assessment
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. The angle of depression of a boat from the top of a cliff which is 47 m high is
36°. Find the distance of the boat from the cliff?
A. 64.69 m B. 63.48 m C. 56.4 m D. 48.7 m
2. Rodelia is standing 150 cm from a mirror. She notices that the angle of
depression from her eyes to the bottom of the mirror is 12 0. What is the
vertical distance of the mirror?
A. 15.16 cm B. 21.32 m C. 31.9 m D. 41.13 m
3. The angle of depression formed by the rays of the sun is 380. What is the
length of the shadow casts by the building that is 495 feet tall?
A. 633.57 ft. B. 453.21 ft. C. 347.23 ft. D. 274.32 ft.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
4. The angle of depression of one side of a lake measured from a balloon 3,200
feet above the lake is 520. What is the width of the lake?
A. 1, 200 feet B. 2,500 feet C. 3,000 feet D. 3,200 feet
5. An Eagle flying at a height of 3 km above the ground. The distance along the
ground is 5 km. What is the angle of depression from Eagle to the ground?
A. 200 B. 300 C. 400 D. 500

Read and solve the problem.

A 15-ft ladder leans against a brick

wall. If the foot of the ladder is 6
feet from the wall, find the angle
that the ladder makes with the wall
to its nearest degree.
What is asked in the problem?
What Mathematical equation that can
be used to solve the problem?
What is the solution of the problem?
What is the answer?
RUBRICS:

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 SUMMATIVE TEST
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the angle of elevation measured from a point on the ground to a 50
ft. tree that is 20 ft. away from the tree?
A. 68.20 ft. B. 21.80ft C. 198.78 ft. D. 109.87 ft.
2. The angle of elevation from a car to a tower is 42º.If the tower is 120 ft. tall,
how far is the car from the tower?
A. 113.3 ft. B. 123.3 ft. C. 133.3 ft. D. 143.3 ft.
3. From the top of the wall, a point located on level ground is 62 feet from its
base, and the angle of depression is 42º. How high is the wall?
A. 55.8 ft. B. 68.9 ft. C. 78.9 ft. D. 88.9 ft.
4. Aldrin James flies a kite and lets out 150 feet of string. The angle of elevation
of the string is 72º. How high off the ground is the kite?
A. 122.65 ft. B. 142.7 ft. C. 147.4 ft. D. 152.13 ft.
5.From the top of a vertical cliff 30 m high, the angle of depression of an object
that is level with the base of the cliff is 44º, how far is the object from the base
of the cliff?
A. 31.07 m B. 34.78 m C. 41.87m D. 44.78 m
6. A building that is 40 m tall casts a shadow that is 52 m long. What is the
angle of elevation formed by the rays of the sun?
A. 270 6’ B. 37º 34’ C. 390 11’ D. 400 37’
7. From the top of a hill, a man sees his wife on the ground at an angle of
depression of 37º, if the hill is 29 feet in height. How far is his wife from the
base of the hill?
A.39.5 ft. B. 38.5 ft. C. 40,5 ft. D. 42.5 ft.
8. What is the angle of elevation measured from a point on the ground 30 m
away on a 35 m tall tree?
A. 29º B. 38º C. 49º D. 59º
9. A farmer attached a 12-foot guy wire to help support the Lanzones tree
while its roots take hold. From a stake in the ground, from the stake in the
ground the angle of elevation of the connection with the tree is 47º. What is
the height of the connection point on the Lanzones from the ground?
A. 3.2 ft. B. 4.2 ft. C. 6.2 ft. D. 8.8 ft.
10. An Engineer measures the angle of depression from the top of BF building
to a point on the ground. The point is located on the level ground 62 feet
from the base of the building and the angle of depression is 52º. How high
is the building?
A. 79.3 ft. B. 89.4 ft. C. 97.4 ft. D. 98.4 ft.
11.Jennifer is on top of a 12.7-meter tall building and the angle of depression
from Jennifer to Jerome is 680. What is the distance from Jerome to the
base of the building?
A. 8.21 m B. 6.14 m C. 5.1 m D. 4.12 m

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
12. You saw a rock climber on a cliff at a 320 angle of elevation. Your horizontal
ground distance to the cliff is 1000 ft. How far are you from the rock climber?
A. 1,179.18 ft. B. 1, 217.20 ft. C. 1,012.2 ft. D. 887.1 ft.
13. A 5 ft. tall man casts a shadow of 6 ft. on the ground. What is the angle of
elevation of the sun?
A. 290 B. 390 C. 490 D. 590
14. An airplane begins its descent to a runway from an altitude of 12,000ft. If
the airplane is 78,000ft. from the runway as measured along the ground,
what is the angle of depression?
A. 80 B. 90 C. 100 D. 110
15. You are standing 14 feet away from a flagpole and you are measured that
the angle of elevation to be 380. how tall is the flagpole?
A. 10.94 ft. B. 11.29 ft. C. 12.4 ft. D. 13.12 ft.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 References

Bryant, Merden l.,Bulalayao , Leonides E.Callanta, Merlyn M.,Cruz, Jerry D.,

De Vera Richard F., Garcia Gilda T.Javier , SoniaE.Lzaro,Roselle A.
Mesterio, Bernadette J.& Saladino, Rommel Hero A.(2014) Mathematics 9
Learner’s Material, Department of Education, Republic of the Philippines,
Vibal Group Publishing Inc., Pasig City

Common Creatives Images

Answer Key

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 22
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 Development Team of the Module

Writers: Allen O. Aquino (PHS)

Gemma Y. Bandoquillo (MHS)
Editors: Editha B. Cajilig, (MHS)
Olive R. Lomibao, (SEHS)
Michelle M. Villanueva, (MSHS)
Lilibeth C. Pulido, (MSHS)
Elizalde A. Sarmiento, (SRNHS)
Language Editor: Jose B. Ballovar (MHS)
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo, Teacher I (SNNHS)
Layout Editor: Ferdinand B. Villegas (PHS)
Management Team:

Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE