LINERS AND BASE · Solvents rapidly evaporates leaving a film that protects

Side notes the underlying tooth structure

Caries - infectious disease
Hyperemia Application
Tertiary dentin – most difficult to bond · Applied with either a small disposable application or a
Ideal preparation - .5 into the dentin cotton pellet
· Thin coating of the varnish on the walls, floor and margin
Introduction of the cavity preparation
Dental liner , bases and cements are in a classification · Apply second coat
of dental materials that provide additional protection for —————————————————————
the health and well-being of a tooth being restored. Dentin sealer/ Desensitizer
————————————————————————— Indications for use:
Temporary filling cement · Treat or prevent hypersensitivity
• Temporary filling cements are used when the restora- · Used instead of a varnish
tion will have to be removed after some time. Most com- · Seal the dentinal tubules
monly, temporary filling cement is selected for provi- · Ideal for use under all indirect restorations
sional restoration prior to placement of a permanent fill-
ing material.
Application process:
• These are fillings which are made of weaker cement.
· Material used sparingly
This are generally used during toot canal procedures, in-
lays, and onlays. Used for very short period · Do not allow to contact soft tissues (HEMA and glu-
taraldehyde)
Cements for temporary restoration are:
· Apply the dentin sealer with cotton-tipped applicator.
· Zinc oxide eugenol cement
· Apply over all areas of the exposed dentin
· Glass ionomer cement
—————————————————————————
· Zinc phosphate cement
BASES
—————————————————————————
· Dental bases provide pulpal protection
LINERS
· Stronger than a liner
· Dental liners provide a thin barrier that protects the pulpal
tissue from irritation caused by physical, mechanical, · Provides thermal insulation
chemical and biologic element. · Supports restorative material
· Suspensions of an oxide or hydroxide in an organic sol- · Release fluoride
vent varnishes · Some maybe irritating to the pulp before the setting reac-
· Lining cavities were used to reduce the passage of toxic tion is completed
materials from restoration through the dentinal tubules · May be used in conjunction with a liner
and “reduce” micro-leakage. · Do not have adequate strength
————————————————————————— · Too soluble for use as a permanent cement
Varnishes
· Varnishes are solution of natural or synthetic resin dis- 1. Protective base - protect the pulp before the restoration is
solved in an organic solvent such as acetone, ether or placed
chloroform. (Acetone and chloroform madali mag evapo- 2. Insulating base - protect the tooth from thermal shock
rate) 3. Sedative base - soothe a pulp that has been damaged by de-
cay or irritated by mechanical means. (Zinc oxide eugenol
Indication for use: but pag nakaexpose yung pulp irritant na siya)
· Seal the dentinal tubules
· Reduces leakage around a restoration Types of base material:
· Acts as a barrier to protect the tooth from highly acidic · Calcium hydroxide - Mild irritant
cements such as zinc phosphate · Zinc oxide eugenol
*this material is contraindicated in it’s use under com- · Zinc Phosphate
posite resins and glass ionomer restorations. · Zinc Polycarboxylate
· Glass Ionomer
Composition: · Composite Resin
· Natural gum – opal or rosin or synthetic resin dissolved in
an organic solvent - acetone, chloroform or ether Indications for use:
· Protects the pulp from chemical irritation by its sealing
Considerations ability
· Formulated to provide a fluid solution that can be readily · Stimulates the production of reparative or secondary
painted dentin.
· Compatible with all types of
 Considerations
Application process - Can support amalgam condensation
· Placed only on dentin - Can support overlying amalgam restoration
· Placed directly over the deepest portion of the preparation - No moisture
o Indirect pulp capping - Discard liquid when cloudy or forms crystals
o Direct pulp capping - Phosphoric acid solution absorbs water, do not leave bottle
————————————————————————— open
ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL
- a very old and yet useful cements Modified zinc phosphate cement
- Its obtundent property makes it useful for sedative and tem- 1. Copper cement
porary filling - contains: cupric oxide (black copper cements), cuprous
- Can withstand amalgam condensation forces oxide(red copper cement)
- Supports overlying amalgam - Others may contain cuprous iodide or silicate
- Biocompatibility is very good - Low powder liquid ratio
- May cause hypersensitivity reaction - Highly acidic
- Highly solubility and lower strength
Types - Slight bacteriostatic and anticariogenic properties
4. Unreinforced ZOE 2. Silver cements
- Contains a small percentage of a salt such as silver phos-
phate
Applications:
- Advantage over zinc phosphate cement has not been estab-
• Only used when strength and solubility are not critical
lished
• Formulation for temporary restorations
3. Flouride cements
• Provisional cementation of crowns and foxed partial denture
- higher solubility and lower strength
• Cavity liner in deep cavity preparation
- Reduced enamel solubility and potentially has an anticario-
genic..
2. Reinforced ZOE
- ...
- stronger and less soluble
4. Silicophosphate cements
- Additives include alumina, rosin and polymethyl methy-
- combination or zinc phosphate and silicate cements
lacrylate resin
- Translucent, improved strength, duento
Application:
Types
• used for temporary and intermediate bases
1. Type 1(fine grain)
• Used as cavity liners and base materials
- used for the permanent cementation of cast restorations such
• Cementing agents for crowns and fixed partial dentures
as crowns inlays inlays and bridges. This material creates the
• Provisional(waiting for something to happen) restorative
very thin film layer that is necessary for accurate
material
2. Type 2 (Medium grain)
- For deep cavity preparation base
3. ZOE-EBA
- stronger and less soluble
Polycarboxylate cement
- Used for intermediate bases
- power liquid system
- Additive include orthobenzoic acid
- Cement which has evidence of adhesion to the tooth
Application:
- Not as acidic as zinc phosphate cement and is biocompatible
• cementation of inlays, crowns and fixed partial denture
- Not as strong as other cements and has a moderate solubility
• Provisional restorations/ same as interim restoration
- PH of the cement is 1.7
• Used as base and lining materials
- Produce minimal irritation to the pulp (biocompatible)
—————————————————————————
- Adhesion occurs by the chelation of the calcium of the
ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT
apetite in enamel and dentin by the carboxyl group of the
- Has been used in dentistry for centuries
polyacrylic acid
- At one time it was the strongest and least soluble cement
Use of polycarboxylate cement
available
- used as a permanent cement for cast restoration, stainless
- Used mainly for retention of cast metallic restorations,
steel crowns and orthodontic bands
bases, and for cementing orthodontic bands
- Used as a non irritating base under both composite or amal-
- ...
gam restoration
..
Disadvantages —————————————————————————
- Has low pH(highly acidic) GLASS IONOMER
- Irritating to the pulp - Formulated in 1970’s
- Cement set into a hard brittle material - Combination of silicate and polycarboxylate cement
- Use of an acid-reactive glass powder together with a poly-
acrylic acid solution leads to a translucent, stronger cement
- Used as a luting and restorative/base material
Types
Type 1
- For the cementation of metal restorations and direct-
bonded
Type 2
- Designed for restoring cavity preparations, ideal for
filling the areas of erosion near the gingiva
Type 3
- Used as liners bases and dentin bonding
Type 4
- Pit and fissure sealant (Common to kids)
Type 5
- Orthodontic Cement
Type 6
- Core build up

Considerations for glass ionomers

- Powder is an acid soluble calcium. The slow release of fluo-
ride from this powder aids in inhibiting recurrent decay
- Causes less trauma or shock to the pulp than many other
types of cements
- Low solubility in the mouth
- Adheres to a slightly moist tooth surface.
- Has a very thin film thickness, which is excellent for seating
ease.