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Nomor 1. Soal: Pembahasan

The document summarizes issues related to land clearing fires in Indonesia during the dry season. Farmers in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries clear land using fire for palm and wood pulp plantations, which often rage out of control and produce choking haze. Biomass burning sends fine carbon particles into the atmosphere, worsening health and climate impacts. Fires in peatlands are of particular concern as peat fires can burn for months or years and are difficult to extinguish. The number of hot spots this year is the highest since 2015 due to dry weather patterns exacerbating the fires.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
53 views10 pages

Nomor 1. Soal: Pembahasan

The document summarizes issues related to land clearing fires in Indonesia during the dry season. Farmers in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries clear land using fire for palm and wood pulp plantations, which often rage out of control and produce choking haze. Biomass burning sends fine carbon particles into the atmosphere, worsening health and climate impacts. Fires in peatlands are of particular concern as peat fires can burn for months or years and are difficult to extinguish. The number of hot spots this year is the highest since 2015 due to dry weather patterns exacerbating the fires.

Uploaded by

Riana C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nomor 1.

Soal This question is marked in red

During Southeast Asia's dry season, farmers in Indonesia and other countries clear land
using fire, often for palm and wood pulp plantations, with flames frequently raging out of
control to produce a choking haze that spreads across the region. An El Nino weather
pattern this year……….. the annual dry spell, aggravating the impact of the fires, with the
number of hot spots at the highest since devastating blazes in 2015.

Biomass burning, such as the slash-and-burn clearing of land in Indonesia, sends………


burned carbon aloft into the atmosphere, resulting in a smoky haze. This organic carbon
contains a substantial portion of fine particles known as PM2.5, which can have a major
detrimental impact on health and climate. Fires in partially decayed……..vegetation
called peat are of particular concern because they can be difficult to extinguish due to
the depth and organic density of the soil. Some peat fires can burn for months or even
years. Peaty soil is particularly flammable when dry, often causing fires to spread beyond
intended areas. The fires are set to.........vegetation….. end up scorching roots and the soil
itself. Compared to the last regional haze crisis in September 2015, there appear to be more
widespread PM2.5 particles in the atmosphere this year. In 2015, smaller pockets of PM2.5
were present in the air, according to the data.

The suitable word to fill out the blank is…..

A. Decomposed

B. Degraded

C. Improved

D. Rot

Pembahasan Pembahasan:
 

Decayed memiliki arti “pembusukan” yang berkaitan dengan proses


pada tumbuhan
 

Pilihan (A), (B), (D) salah karena decomposed, degraded, dan rot
memiliki makna yang sama dengan “decayed”
 

Jawaban (C) benar karena “improved” memiliki arti “berkembang”


dan memiliki makna yang berbeda dengan “decayed”

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 2.
Soal This question is marked in red

During Southeast Asia's dry season, farmers in Indonesia and other countries clear land
using fire, often for palm and wood pulp plantations, with flames frequently raging out of
control to produce a choking haze that spreads across the region. An El Nino weather
pattern this year……….. the annual dry spell, aggravating the impact of the fires, with the
number of hot spots at the highest since devastating blazes in 2015.

Biomass burning, such as the slash-and-burn clearing of land in Indonesia, sends………


burned carbon aloft into the atmosphere, resulting in a smoky haze. This organic carbon
contains a substantial portion of fine particles known as PM2.5, which can have a major
detrimental impact on health and climate. Fires in partially decayed……. vegetation called
peat are of particular concern because they can be difficult to extinguish due to the depth
and organic density of the soil. Some peat fires can burn for months or even years. Peaty
soil is particularly flammable when dry, often causing fires to spread beyond intended
areas. The fires are set to......... vegetation….. end up scorching roots and the soil itself.
Compared to the last regional haze crisis in September 2015, there appear to be more
widespread PM2.5 particles in the atmosphere this year. In 2015, smaller pockets of PM2.5
were present in the air, according to the data.

The suitable word to fill out the blank is…..

A. Burn off

B. Cut off

C. Subvert

D. Snuff out

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

“The fires are set to.........(9) vegetation”


Kalimat diatas memiliki makna bahwa terdapat kebakaran pada
vegetasi.

Pilihan (B) salah karena “cut off” memiliki arti “memotong”, sehingga
tidak sesuai dengan kata “fires”

Pilihan (C) salah karena “subvert” memiliki arti “menumbangkan ”,


sehingga tidak sesuai dengan kata “fires”

Pilihan (D) salah karena “snuff out” memiliki arti “menghabisi”,


sehingga tidak sesuai dengan kata “fires”

Jawaban (A) benar karena “burn off” memiliki arti “membakar”,


sehingga sesuai dengan kata “fires”

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 3.
Soal This question is marked in red

…..  the pandemic bring the world to a standstill, art communities have …..  up with
creative ways to survive, from ..…  on shows online, holding virtual auctions and, a latest
one, holding an arisan (rotating savings gathering …..  raffle popular among housewives)
that will ..… lucky winners the prize of an art piece.

A. Although

B. As

C. After

D. Since

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

Soal ini mencari kata hubung yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat. Maka harus memahami
makna kalimat terlebih dahulu,

“Ketika pandemi membuat dunia terhenti, komunitas seni telah datang dengan cara-cara
kreatif untuk bertahan hidup, mulai dari menempatkan pertunjukkan online, mengadakan
lelang virtual dan, yang terbaru, mengadakan arisan (pengumpulan tabungan bergilir dan
undian yang populer di kalangan ibu rumah tangga) yang akan memberi pemenang yang
beruntung hadiah karya seni.”

Pilihan A salah karena “although” digunakan untuk menunjukan hubungan yang berlawanan

Pilihan C dan D salah karena bukan merupakan kata hubung yang sesuai untuk melengkapi
kalimat di atas

Jawaban [B] karena “as” mempunyai arti ketika dan merupakan kata hubung yang tepat
untuk melengkapi kalimat di atas

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 4.
Soal This question is marked in red

The Indonesian mens' double’s pair of Kevin Sanjaya Sukomuljo and Marcus Fernaldi
Gideon, ….known as the "Minions", and the mixed doubles pair Praveen Jordan and Melati
Daeva Oktavianti added the 2019 French Open golds to their …......... bags on Sunday
night (Monday morning Jakarta time). The Minions …... their gold by beating their
Indian …......, the pair of Satwisairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty, in two straight games
21-18 and 21-16 in the final rounds held ….... the Pierre de Cubertain stadium in Paris.

A. Beautifully

B. Victory

C. Defeated

D. In

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

Arti kalimat soal yang dimaksud:

“…menambah perolehan mendali emas ke dalam daftar/tas …. mereka


di ajang French Open 2019 pada Minggu malam (Senin berdasarkan
waktu Jakarta).”

Kalimat tersebut membutuhkan kata yang dapat menjelaskan bags,


maka kelas kata yang dibutuhkan adalah Noun atau Adjective yang
memiliki arti sesuai.

Pilihan A salah karena bukan merupakan Adjective atau Noun melainkan


adverb.

Pilihan C salah karena walaupun kelas katanya noun, arti kata tersebut
tidak sesuai dalam konteks kalimat.

Pilihan D salah karena bukan merupakan adjective atau noun melainkan


conjunction.

Jawaban [B] karena victory merupakan noun dan memiliki arti yang
sesuai untuk konteks kalimat.

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 5.
Soal This question is marked in red

In a welcome piece of ........ news for the world’s threatened wildlife, the giant panda has
just ........ from ‘Endangered’ to ‘Vulnerable’ on the global list of species at risk of ........,
demonstrating how an integrated approach can help save our planet’s vanishing
biodiversity.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ........ the positive change to the
giant panda’s official status in the Red List of Threatened Species, pointing to the 17%
rise in the population in the decade ........2014, when a nationwide census found 1,864
giant pandas in the wild in China. 

A. Along

B. Around

C. For

D. Up to

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

Arti kalimat dalam bacaan:

“menunjukan kenaikan sebanyak 17% dalam populasi selama satu


dekade …. tahun 2014.”

Kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut adalah kata sambung
yang menunjukan waktu. Karena terdapat kata dekade sebelumnya
maka kemungkinan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapinya adalah kata
yang menunjukan hubungan antara dekade dan tahun 2014 dan yang
mungkin adalah kata sejak atau hingga.  

Pilihan A salah karena ‘along’ memiliki arti sepanjang dan tidak sesuai
untuk melengkapi kalimat.

Pilihan B salah karena ‘around’ memiliki arti sekitar dan tidak sesuai
untuk melengkapi kalimat.

Pilihan C salah karena kata ‘for’ memiliki arti untuk dan tidak sesuai
untuk melengkapi kalimat.

Jawaban [D] karena kata “up to” memiliki arti hingga dan sesuai untuk
melengkapi kalimat. Maka kalimat lengkapnya menjadi: “pointing to the
17% rise in the population in the decade up to 2014,”

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 6.
Soal This question is marked in red

Although it has been commonly accepted that cats …  in Egypt 4000 years ago, their
history among human beings goes back much further. Wild cats are now known to have
lived among the …  of Mesopotamia over 100,000 years ago and to have been
domesticated there approximately 12,000 BCE at about the same time as dogs, sheep, and
goats. …  excavations in the past ten years have provided evidence that the Near Eastern
Wildcat is the …  relative of the modern-day domestic cat and was bred by Mesopotamian
farmers, most probably as …  pests, such as mice, which were attracted by grain supplies.

A. Peoples

B. People

C. Persons

D. Humans

Pembahasan Pembahasan

Arti kalimat soal:


“Kucing liar yang sekarang kita kenal, telah hidup di antara …
Mesopotamia lebih dari 100.000 tahun yang lalu, …”

Pilihan A salah karena peoples merupakan bentuk plural dari people


yang bermakna suku bangsa.

Pilihan C salah karena persons merupakan bentuk plural dari person


dalam penulisan formal yang bermakna orang dalam penulisan
formal.

Pilihan D salah karena humans aritnya manusia dalam bentuk plural,


dan tidak sesuai dengan konteks bacaan.

Jawaban [B] benar karena people dalam kalimat ini bermakna suku
bangsa Mesopotamia atau orang-orang Mesoppotamia.

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 7.
Soal This question is marked in red

The Nile River is the ….. river in the world. It flows northward from the lakes of Central
Africa ..... the Mediterranean Sea. However, the Nile carries less water than many
other rivers …..... it flows through the Sahara desert in the north. 97% of Egypt’s
population lives in the river’s valley. Africa’s biggest river......drains about.... percent of the
continent. It flows through many countries of eastern and northern Africa.

A. Because

B. And

C. So

D. Although

Pembahasan Pembahasan:
“Namun, sungai Nil membawa lebih sedikit air daripada sungai-sungai
lain …. sungai ini mengalir melalui gurun sahara di utara.”
Kalimat tersebut tidak lengkap karena membutuhkan kalimat sambung
yang sesuai. Adapaun kalimat tersebut terdiri atas dua klausa yang
memiliki hubungan sebab akibat.

Sebab: “Sungai ini mengalir melalui gurun sahara di utara.”


Akibat: “Sungai Nil membawa lebih sedikit air daripada sungai-sungai
lain.”

Pilihan B salah karena bukan merupakan kata sambung untuk


menunjukan hubungan sebab akibat.

Pilihan C salah karena menunjukan hubungan sebab akibat yang


terbalik,

Pilihan D salah karena bukan merupakan kata sambung yang


menunjukan hubungan sebab akibat.

Jawaban [A] karena because memiliki arti “karena” dan menunjukan


hubungan sebab akibat yang tepat untuk dua klausa diatas.

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 8.
Soal This question is marked in red

In … thesis, Annika Janson Fagring describes and … symptoms among patients with
unexplained chest pain. The results …  that most of them are middle-aged, and that over a
third of …  affected were born outside Sweden. The chest pain had a negative impact on the
patients’ daily life in the form of ….., anxiety and fear of death.

A. My

B. Your

C. Her

D. Their

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

Kalimat tersebut harus diikuti pronoun yang tepat. Adapun pronoun tersebut
digunakan untuk menggantikan Subjek “Annika Janson Fagring”, sebuah nama
perempuan orang ketiga tunggal.

Pilihan A salah karena “my” digunakan untuk menggantikan orang pertama.

Pilihan B salah karena “your” digunakan untuk menggantikan orang kedua.

Pilihan D salah karena “Their” digunakan untuk menggantikan orang kedua


jamak.

Jawaban [C] karena “her” adalah pronoun yang tepat untuk digunakan untuk
menggantikan orang ketiga perempuan singular.

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 9.
Soal This question is marked in red

George Washington was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American
Revolutionary War (1775-83) and served two terms as the first U.S. president, from 1789 to
1797. The son of a prosperous planter, Washington was …  in colonial Virginia. As a young
man, he worked as a … then fought in the French and Indian War (1754-63). During the
American Revolution, he led the colonial forces to victory over the British …  became a
national hero. In 1787, he … president of the convention that wrote the U.S.
Constitution. Two years later, Washington became America’s first president. Realizing that
the way he handled the job would impact how future presidents approached the position, he
handed down a legacy of strength, integrity and national purpose. Less than three years after
…  office, he died at his Virginia plantation, Mount Vernon, at age 67.

A. Selected

B. Elected

C. Was elected

D. Was selected

Pembahasan Pembahasan

Arti kalimat soal:


”Pada 1787, ia ... presiden konvensi yang menulis Konstitusi A.S.”

Pada kalimat tersebut, dibutuhkan kata kerja untuk mengisi bagian


yang rumpang. Bagian tersebut merupakan bentuk passive voice
dengan pola S + Be + V3.

Pilihan A salah karena tidak memenuhi syarat pola passive voice.


Pilihan B salah karena tidak memenuhi syarat pola passive voice.

Pilihan D salah, karena meskipun telah memenuhi syarat pola


passive voice, kata kerja yang digunakan (selected) tidak sesuai
dengan konteks dalam kalimat.
Jawaban [C] benar karena memenuhi syarat pola kalimat passive
voice, dan verb elected adalah kata yang tepat untuk konteks kalimat
ini.

Materi Grammar 1

Nomor 10.
Soal This question is marked in red

"We think that sleep is a …..  of the body trying to conserve energy in a setting where
energetic levels are ...…  down. Our findings suggest that if you ....… to fast for a day,
we would predict you might get ...… because your energetic stores …...  be depleted," said
study co-author David Raizen, MD, PhD, an associate professor of Neurology and member
of the Chronobiology and Sleep Institute at Penn.

A. Was

B. Are

C. Were

D. Is

Pembahasan Pembahasan:

Kalimat tersebut harus diikuti dengan ”to be” yang tepat. Kalimat tersebut
adalah conditional clause type 2, yang makananya ’hasil dari condition (syarat)
tidak memiliki atau hanya sedikit kemungkinannya untuk terwujud
karena condition-nya tidak mungkin dipenuhi di masa sekarang (present unreal
situation).  Adapun Pola dari conditional clause type 2 jika membutuhkan to be
maka apapun subject nya to be nya tetap ‘’were’’.

Pilihan A, B, dan D salah karena tidak sesuai dengan pola conditional clause
type 2

Jawaban [C] karena “were” merupakan to be yang digunakan untuk subjek


plural dan dalam bentuk kalimat lampau.

Materi Grammar 1

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