ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:

NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 1 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

1.0 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................2

2.0 SCOPE..................................................................................................................................................2
3.0 POLICY .................................................................................................................................................2
4.0 RESPONSIBILITY ................................................................................................................................2
5.0 BEHAVOIRS .........................................................................................................................................2
5.1 LABORATORY SAFETY .........................................................................................................................2
5.2 HOUSEKEEPING ..................................................................................................................................3
5.3 EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION WITH MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................3
5.4 RECORDS KEEPING .............................................................................................................................4
5.5 MSDS ...............................................................................................................................................5
5.6 PRECISION .........................................................................................................................................5
5.7 REPORTING ........................................................................................................................................6
6.0 TEST EQUIPMENT ..............................................................................................................................6
6.1 CONSTANT API SPEED MIXER .............................................................................................................7
6.2 PRESSURIZED FLUID DENSITY BALANCE ..............................................................................................7
6.3 ROTATIONAL VISCOMETER WITH HEAT CUP..........................................................................................8
6.4 ATMOSPHERIC CONSISTOMETER .........................................................................................................9
6.5 HTHP FILTER PRESS....................................................................................................................... 10
6.6 PRESSURIZED CONSISTOMETER ....................................................................................................... 11
6.7 ATMOSPHERIC W ATER CURING BATH ............................................................................................... 13
6.8 AUTOMATED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TESTER ................................................................................ 13
6.9 ULTRASONIC CEMENT ANALYZER (UCA)........................................................................................... 14
6.10 STANDARD W ATER TEST KIT ANALYSIS ........................................................................................ 14
6.11 STIRRING FLUID LOSS CELL ......................................................................................................... 15
6.12 SPACER W ETTABILITY ANALYZER ................................................................................................. 15
7.0 TESTING PROCEDURES ................................................................................................................. 16
7.1 SLURRY PREPARATION..................................................................................................................... 16
7.2 MIXING OF CEMENT SLURRY............................................................................................................. 18
7.3 PRESSURIZED FLUID DENSITY BALANCE ........................................................................................... 19
7.4 ATMOSPHERIC CONSISTOMETER ...................................................................................................... 21
7.5 VISCOMETER (RHEOLOGIES & GEL STRENGTH)................................................................................. 23
7.6 FLUID LOSS DETERMINATION ............................................................................................................ 24
7.7 THICKENING TIME TEST (PRESSURIZED CONSISTOMETER) ................................................................. 30
7.8 ULTRASONIC CEMENT ANALYZER (UCA) TESTING ............................................................................. 34
7.9 CRUSHED/DESTRUCTIVE TESTING FOR COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH ..................................................... 38
7.10 FREE FLUID TEST ........................................................................................................................ 40
8.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 41

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 2 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

1.0 PURPOSE
The objective of the cement laboratory is produce timely analytical results to our clients with its
foundation based on exceptional quality control (QC), ethics, and representative field conditions.

2.0 SCOPE
The foundation of oil well cement testing in the industry is regulated primarily by Subcommittee 10 of
the American Petroleum Institute (API). In addition to the API, several other industry groups influence
the testing of these same oil well cements including but not limited to the International Organization of
Standardization (ISO) and the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). To maintain
compliance for both our clients and Weatherford International, Ltd. (WFT), audits can and will be
performed with or without notice thus we will strive to exceed the outline set forth herein at all times.
These audits will include, but are not limited to safety, housekeeping, equipment calibration,
equipment maintenance, records keeping, and Material and Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all
chemicals onsite.

3.0 POLICY
Weatherford policy requires that all cement laboratories comply with this procedure.

4.0 RESPONSIBILITY
Every laboratory employee or support groups associated with the same.

5.0 BEHAVOIRS

5.1 Laboratory Safety

The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) is the primary governing body for
safety in the industry thus all WFT testing facilities will adhere to its rules and regulations
accordingly. At a minimum, the following behaviors will be adhered to while in any WFT facility
testing oil well cements:

1
1) Safety glasses that are ANSI Z87 approved will be worn at all times.
2) Long sleeves or laboratory coats will be worn.

1
American National Standards Institute (www.ansi.org)
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 3 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

3) Protective gloves constructed of materials compatible with the chemicals being used will be
worn when handling corrosive or toxic materials or materials of unknown toxicity. When
handling hot objects, insulated or padded gloves will be worn.
4) Dust masks will be used in conjunction with a laboratory fume hood, if available, while
mixing dry additives to each other or to fluids.
5) Additional protection of laboratory goggles and/or face shields will be used when deemed
necessary.
6) All chemicals, including cements or cement-types, will be stored in containers of good quality
2
and condition. The subject containers will be accurately and neatly labeled as per the NFPA
704 rating system.
7) Safety devices will be used, maintained, and never disabled for any reason on all equipment
in the laboratory.
8) Spill cleanup kits will be stocked and conveniently located for oil, water, chemical or dry spills.
9) Oil well cement, both as a dry product or as slurry, will be discarded in designated containers
and disposed of properly. Cement slurry residue in test equipment and the like may be
washed down the sink drains if a sludge retrieval system is in place.
10) Hand tools used in the cement laboratory will be cleaned and maintained at all times.

5.2 Housekeeping
The appearance of the cement laboratories is critical to the success of WFT and our clients. A
consistently clean, well maintained laboratory provides a healthy and organized environment in
which to work. As a result, the accuracy and efficiency of the laboratory is optimized keeping the
laboratory prepared for any unannounced visitations from management and/or clients as they are
free to visit at any time. Glassware should be stored in a central location, away from dust and
fumes. Clear access to entrances, exits, and fire lanes will be maintained at all times.

5.3 Equipment Calibration with Maintenance

All instrumentation and equipment in the laboratory will be calibrated and maintained as per the
respective manufacturer’s standards. If the calibration can be done in-house, it will be performed
on site as often as required; however, in the event it requires third party assistance, the laboratory
supervisor will coordinate the appropriate logistics in an aggressive timetable. All user manuals
for each piece of equipment will be housed on-site for operation, calibration, and maintenance
reference. An accurate record, such as a notebook or file, for each piece of equipment will also
be stored on site for both the calibration and maintenance records. Electronic records can be
used as a back-up; however, the primary method of calibration and maintenance records will be a

2
National Fire Protection Agency (www.nfpa.org)
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 4 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

designated notebook or file. WFT shall check the calibration of each piece of equipment at least
every other quarter to ensure our clients are receiving the most accurate data possible.
Equipment maintenance shall follow the manufacturer’s recommended practice unless instructed
otherwise by the laboratory supervisor.

5.4 Records Keeping

To ensure the success of WFT’s reputation and maintain our client’s confidence with our
laboratory testing results, accurate analytical record keeping within the cement laboratories will
be maintained at all times. The uniqueness of the cementing industry is such that the cement
composition and chemical additives constantly change. As a result, manufacturers of both the
bulk cements and chemical additives use different methods to quantify and keep their own level
of QC. Some examples of these QC tracking methods include, but are not limited to; grind
numbers, lot or group numbers, and mill run numbers.

5.4.1 Neat Cement

Neat cement can be defined as Portland cement clinker and, when applicable, only
3
calcium sulfate (gypsum) as an interground (blended) additive . Oil well cements are
classified by the API in Classes A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H. Details of the respective
classes aforementioned are detailed in API Specification 10A “Specifications for Cements
and Materials for Well Cementing” (Spec 10A) Section 4. For all of the neat cement
samples received at the laboratory, the following information will be obtained and
recorded in a log book as previously mentioned in Section 5.4 of the subject document
including mill run, grind number, cement type, time and date received. On physical
samples, the previously referenced data in addition to bulk plant location, client name, rig
or well number will be noted. The sample should be checked for contamination visually
and confirmed by running the respective “Schedule” thickening time test for the
associated API cement class as detailed in Spec 10A Section 10 when the sample is in
question. For the more common API Class G and H cements, the associated test
schedule is Test 5.

5.4.2 Dry Blended Sample

A dry blended sample can be defined as a sample containing Neat Cement as detailed
above in Section 5.4.1 combined with other dry bulk product or products. Once the
sample is received, it will be logged to include cement type and all additives within the

3
API Specification 10A “Specifications for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing”
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 5 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

blend in addition to all of the properties aforementioned in Section 5.4.1 above. The
sample will be visually inspected for contamination and noted accordingly if applicable.

5.4.3 Liquid Additive Sample

All liquid additive samples will be checked for contamination and the associated lot
number will be recorded. If this data is not available, the samples must be questioned
and presented to the laboratory supervisor for further investigation. Each sample will be
checked for contamination as well. Unless specified for in-process testing, the new
sample received will replace the older sample which will then be disposed of
appropriately.

5.4.4 Dry Additive Sample

All dry additive samples will be checked for and then have the associated lot number
recorded. If this data is not available, the samples must be questioned and presented to
the laboratory supervisor for further investigation. Each sample will be checked for
contamination as well. Unless specified for in-process testing, the new sample received
will replace the older sample which will be disposed of appropriately

5.4.5 Comparative Testing

Our clients may, at any time, for any reason, choose to have comparative testing
performed. During this event, samples will always come to the appropriate WFT
laboratory first where laboratory personnel will document as aforementioned, and split the
samples to be sent to the third party. The laboratory supervisor will remain in contact
with the assigned “Account Representative” and “Engineer” overseeing the account.

5.5 MSDS

Each laboratory will have its own compilations of MSDS for all chemicals on-site. It is every
employee’s responsibility to ensure the maintenance of updated files. The MSDS should be
stored in a common binder or file with proper signs to denote the location for easy access. It is
every employee’s responsibility to further review the MSDS for each chemical with which they will
be working to ensure the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) is used.

5.6 Precision

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 6 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

To further ensure the highest level of QC that both WFT and our clients expect, testing with
representative field samples will be used to confirm pilot tests before cement jobs are executed.
The field sample testing (short blend, bulk plant blend, etc.) will include the representative mix
water (drill water, location water, yard water, etc.) that will be used for the job. It is imperative the
mix water sample be sent with the representative materials being loaded out for the job to the
appropriate laboratory that will perform the confirmation testing. Mix water samples will be
collected and sent to the laboratory in clean, preferably previously unused non-metal containers
with proper labeling and tight fitting lids or seals. The “Operations Manager” shall coordinate with
the “Engineer” to have the representative mix water accompany the field samples. The proper
pre-planning will ensure logistics do not limit our testing abilities.

As previously indicated, adequate samples of the bulk cement from each bulk plant including
different grinds and deliveries should be sent to the laboratory upon receipt. At a minimum, a 5-
gallon sample should be sent to the respective laboratory. For liquid and dry additives, the
appropriately sized containers with proper labeling will be sent to the laboratory.

5.7 Reporting

Every employee at WFT is bound by their obligation to ethical behavior. Laboratory results will be
reported as tested and under no circumstance will results be fabricated, estimated, nor
inaccurately reported. The testing of the cement system is not complete until the results are
reported in the form of a laboratory report and transferred to the database.

6.0 TEST EQUIPMENT

3
In order to perform the accurate testing of cement systems as detailed in both Spec10A and RP
4
10B , each laboratory should have, at a minimum, the following:

1) Electronic Balance capable of 2,000 g with ± 0.01 accuracy

2) Electronic Balance capable of +/- 0.001 accuracy
3) Constant Speed API Mixer System
4) Pressurized Fluid Density Balance
5) Rotational Viscometer with Heat Cup
6) Atmospheric Consistometer
7) High Temperature High Pressure (HPHT) Filter Press
8) Pressurized Consistometer
9) Atmospheric Water Curing Bath

4
API Recommended Practice (RP) 10B “Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements”
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 7 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

10) Automated Compressive Strength Tester (Destructive Test)

11) Ultrasonic Cement Analyzer (UCA)
12) Standard Water Test Kit

The following equipment is recommended, although not required:

1) Stirring Fluid Loss Cell
2) Spacer Wettability Analyzer
3) Static Gel Strength Analyzer (SGSA)
5
4) Mechanical Properties Analyzer (MPRO)
5) Gas Flow Model Analyzer

6.1 Constant API Speed Mixer

3
As outlined in Section 7 , an API bottom-drive, blade type mixer will be pre-set to run at two fixed
speeds 4,000 and 12,000 RPM’s respectively. However, the mixer should have the capability for
a variable speed dial ranging from 0 to upwards of 20,000 revolutions per minute (RPM). The
mixing container should be of 1 quart (1 liter) size and corrosion resistant.

Mixing Container/Jar

6
FIGURE 1: OFITE Model 20 Constant Speed Blender

6.2 Pressurized Fluid Density Balance

5
Chandler Engineering Model 6265 Mechanical Properties Analyzer
6
OFI Testing Equipment, Inc. (www.ofite.com)
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

A pressurized mud scale is the primary method for slurry density determination. The less
7
preferred method is the Le Chatelier Flask for specific gravity as detailed in ASTM C 188 . The
4
pressurized mud scale is outlined in Section 6 which consists of a cup, lid with check valve,
calibrated beam with bubble, pressurizing pump, and knife edge pivot point.

Slurry Cup
with Beam

Plunger/Pump
6
FIGURE 2: OFITE TRU-WATE Pressurized Fluid Density Scale

6.3 Rotational Viscometer with Heat Cup

The rotational viscometer is used to measure the shear stress of the cement slurry versus the
shear rates. The resultant data quantifies the rheological properties of the cement system.
4
Section 12 describes in detail the associated properties of a rotational viscometer to measure
the rheological behavior. Each viscometer will be capable of performing at least 5 different shear
rates with a range from near zero shear rates to 511 reciprocal seconds (1/s). The resultant RPM
readings are 300, 200, 100, 6, and 3. Other readings including 600, 60, and 30 may be
considered at each individual engineer’s discretion. The viscometer will have a sleeve that
rotates around a bob to measure the frictional drag forces. A heat cup will be used for measuring
cement slurries at elevated temperatures.

7
ASTM C 188 “Standard Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement” (www.astm.org)
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 9 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

Heat Cup

6
FIGURE 3: OFITE Model 900 Viscometer with Universal Heat Cup

6.4 Atmospheric Consistometer

The atmospheric pressure consistometer will stir at 150 RPM and condition cement slurries for
4
testing at temperatures ranging from 80ºF (27ºC) to roughly 194ºF (90ºC) circulating
3
temperature. Section 8 details the equipment specifications indicating the temperature of the
bath is controlled by a thermocouple actuated by a heater and the pins of the cup lids seat in the
consistometer cells for rotation. Consistency, measured in Bearden Units (Bc) is determined by
the measured deflection of a calibrated spring within the lid.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 10 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

Potentiometer

6
FIGURE 4: OFITE Model 60 Atmospheric Consistometer

6.5 HTHP Filter Press

The fluid loss cell measures the loss of cement slurry filtrate when exposed to a permeable
4
medium and differential pressure. As in Section 10 , the testing method uses a 325-mesh screen
backed up by a 60-mesh screen to simulate the permeable medium. For simulations of the
pressure drop, nitrogen is pressurized to 1,000 pounds per square inch. The equipment will have
a stainless-steel cylinder with detachable end caps, rubber “O” rings, and pressure valve stems.
The apparatus will have a heating jacket controlled by a thermocouple for temperature and
pressure gauges mounted on the control lines of the Nitrogen tank to measure the differential
pressure.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 11 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

Heating Jacket

6
FIGURE 5: OFITE HTHP Filter Press

6.6 Pressurized Consistometer

3
Section 10 details the equipment used to run API thickening time test for cement slurries. The
equipment will have a cylindrical slurry cup that is rotated with a static paddle assembly contained
4
in a pressure vessel. Section 9 includes information as well as testing practices which will be
discussed later in this document. The pressurized vessel will have the capability of simulating
wellbore conditions for temperature and pressure as a function of the mineral oil used in the
space between the slurry cup and walls of the vessel. The pressure mechanism is an air-
operated hydraulic pump. As with the atmospheric consistometer, the rotational speed of the
motor is set at 150 RPM. The heating system will be capable of ramping 5ºF (3ºC) per minute
and is usually powered with a 4,000 Watt heater. Depending on the rating on the consistometer,
thickening time tests could be run to 25,000 psi (170,368 kPa) and 400ºF (204ºC) or 40,000 psi
(275,790 kPa) and 600ºF (315ºC). The cement system’s consistency is determined from a
potentiometer mounted on the shaft of the paddle and measured as the resistance to a torsion
spring in direct current (DC) voltage that is converted to Bearden units of Consistency (Bc).

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

6
FIGURE 6: OFITE Model 130 Bench-Top Consistometer 400°F and 16,000 psi

6
FIGURE 7: OFITE HTHP Consistometer

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 13 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

6.7 Atmospheric Water Curing Bath

An atmospheric water curing bath is primarily used to condition the cube molds by submersing
3 4
them completely up to 99.9ºC (211.82ºF). Section 9 and Section 7 discuss methods in-line with
acceptable API testing conditions for both cube molds and variations.

6
FIGURE 8: OFITE Precision Water Bath

6.8 Automated Compressive Strength Tester

All compressive strength testing of oil well cements shall follow requirements set forth in ASTM C
8 3
109 with exceptions concerning the cube molds as detailed in Section 9 . Cube samples are
placed into the destructive test apparatus between self-aligning plates where the loading rates to
crush the cube are programmed according to the estimated compressive strength of the cement
slurry.

8
ASTM C 109 “Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars”
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 14 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

6
FIGURE 9: OFITE Compressive Strength Tester

6.9 Ultrasonic Cement Analyzer (UCA)

The UCA is a non-destructive, sonic method used to measure the compressive strength of
4
cement slurries. Section 8 discusses the apparatus where a curing-type cell is subjected to
controlled temperature and pressures to simulate the well conditions. The UCA emits a sonic
signal through the cylinder filled with cement slurry. The transit time is measured continuously
from the beginning of the test to the end and interpolated as compressive strength.

6
FIGURE 10: OFITE Single Cell UCA (left) Twin-Cell UCA (right)

6.10 Standard Water Test Kit Analysis

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Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

Each laboratory will be equipped with a standard water test kit for investigation of mix water
properties. The test kit will have the capability to measure Hardness, Chlorides, and pH.

6.11 Stirring Fluid Loss Cell

An optional method of testing the fluid loss is with a stirring fluid loss cell. This apparatus can be
used to test cement slurry’s fluid loss above 193ºF (89.4ºC). Within a single cell, it conditions the
slurry under dynamic conditions and then performs the fluid loss test under static conditions. It
performs much like a consistometer during the dynamic conditioning by simulating the time to
temperature. Most stirring fluid loss cells can test up to 2,000 psi (13,790 kPa) and 400ºF
(204ºC) and use the same filter screen as described in section 2.5 of this document.

6
FIGURE 11: OFITE Stirred Fluid Loss Cell

6.12 Spacer Wettability Analyzer

A spacer system with appropriate surfactant package will prevent cement contamination, promote
water-wet surfaces for the cement to bond to both the formation and metallurgy, and displace the
4
mud effectively. Section 16 discusses the preferred methods to perform the test; however, this
section focuses on the equipment. The apparatus contains a double-walled blender jar consisting
of a sensor measuring the electrical conductivity of the solution. Oil-based fluids do not conduct
electric current thus the degree of conductivity is used to determine the degree of wettability.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

9
FIGURE 12: Chandler Wettability Analyzer

7.0 TESTING PROCEDURES

4
The following section is derived from RP 10B and is the foundation of the methodologies mentioned
4
below. It will be noted that section 5.4 of this document in addition to Section 5 will be referenced solely
as Section 5 with the understanding each section will be performed as described herein.

7.1 Slurry Preparation

Every cement system, including neat cement, will be prepared as guided in “Section 5”. When
weighing a cement system, all materials will be weighed accurately; the following tasks must be
routinely performed for consistency which increases the level of QC throughout the company. All
slurry volumes to be tested will be based on approximately 600 milliliters (ml) of sample.

1) All equipment used in preparation of a dry blend is to be clean and dry.

2) Obtain the materials to be tested (cements and additives) ensuring that proper lot or batch
numbers are being used for the test at hand.

9
Chandler Model 3065 Water-Wetting Capability Tester
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Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

3) Arrange the cement, additives, water and other materials on one side of the balance. After
an additive is weighed, place it on the opposite side of the balance. This will ensure that no
additive is omitted or added more than once.
4) Tare the balance before weighing each additive.
5) Weigh the cement into a separate container for each test. Cement may be weighed directly
into the blending container or transferred from a large weigh boat. Cementing materials are
weighed to one decimal place (0.1 gram).
6) Additives that are used in large quantities (hematite, silica flour or sand, etc.) may also be
weighed directly into the blending container or transferred from a large weigh boat using the
same accuracy as in weighing the cement.
7) All additives used in small quantities are to be weighed into a clean, dry, tarred small weigh
boat or on a clean sheet of paper and added to the materials already in the blending
container. These additives will be weighed to a minimum of two decimal places (0.01 grams).
8) When transferring materials from the weigh boat into the blending container, any fine dust
remaining in the boat should be scraped or tapped into the container or a fine natural haired
brush may be used. Reweighing the boat after the transfer verifies that the entire additive
has been transferred.
9) When all dry additives have been weighed into the blending container, secure the container
lid and thoroughly blend the sample by shaking and rolling the container until a homogenous
blend is obtained.
10) If the sample is not to be tested immediately, label the container appropriately. Any samples
that will be tested by another technician or will remain unmixed for any length of time should
also be labeled with the initials of the technician who weighed the sample and the date it was
blended. It is preferred that the blend be tested either the same day it is weighed or within
one day after being weighed.
11) Inspect the blender jar to be used for weighing the mix water.
12) Place the blender jar on the electronic balance and tare for a zero weight.
13) Add the fresh, de-ionized water (or field mix water) until the weight is obtained as per the test
sheet to within ± 0.01 g accuracy.
14) When liquid additives are used, the additive must be shaken or stirred while in the storage
container until it is homogenous. It is recommended that the homogenous liquid additive be
transferred to a clean aliquot container suitable for the amount needed for weighing only the
samples at hand to prevent contamination of the storage container.
15) A clean, dry syringe capable of holding the desired volume of liquid additive should be used.
The liquid additive should be drawn into the syringe, emptied, the outside of the syringe
wiped clean and then tarred. This will represent the conditions of the syringe after the liquid
additive has been placed in the mixing water. The liquid additive is then drawn into the
syringe, the outside wiped clean and the weight checked and more additive drawn or

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Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

expelled until the required weight is reached. Liquid additives should be weighed with the
same accuracy as the dry counterpart.
16) An exception to the above procedure is allowed if the liquid additive is to be used in high
concentrations. These materials can be slowly added to the mixing water in the blender
container until a weight just less than the amount needed is reached. A syringe or pipette
may then be used to slowly inject additive into the mixing container until the total weight of
the material is obtained.
17) As a guide, the order of the liquid additives to be added to the mix water should be as
follows:
a. Extenders
b. Salts
c. Fluid Loss Additives
d. Dispersants
e. Retarders
18) The blade used in the blender jar is to be inspected DAILY before any cement mixing is
performed. Record this inspection in the calibration log noting blade wear, signs of leakage,
repair or replacement performed. API specifies blades are to be replaced when a blade loses
10% of its original weight. If the blade tips become pointed or a leak occurs, the blending
assembly should be disassembled. Replace the blade if the weight has decreased more than
10%, thoroughly clean the assembly and replace the O-rings. If leakage continues, replace
the entire blending assembly.
19) Prior to adding the liquid additives, the blender jar with the mix water from step 13 will be
tarred on the electronic balance to a zero weight. Each liquid additive will be introduced by
its respective syringe to the mix water independently.
20) After adding the amount in the syringe, that weight shall be checked against the lab sheet. If
the weight is incorrect, a pipette will be used to add the difference. Repeat this process of
tarring the blender jar for each additive to ensure a portion of the required liquid additive is
not lost in the syringe as residue.

7.2 Mixing of Cement Slurry

As described in section 6.1 of this document, an API Constant Speed Mixing System is used to
properly mix the cement blend with the mix water. The temperature of the mix water and/or
cement blend should be representative of the field mixing conditions to ensure accuracy. If the
information is not available, the cement blend and mix water prior to mixing shall be 73°F (+/- 2°).
Then the following procedure will be followed:

1) The laboratory hood or appropriate ventilation system will be switched on.

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Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

2) Run the mix water at the lower speed of 4,000 RPM ± 200 RPM, usually denoted as “Mix 1”
on the control panel.
3) If antifoaming agents are to be used, add them before the addition of the cement. When
using pre-hydrated bentonite water, the antifoaming agent may be added prior to pre-
hydration of the bentonite.
4) Add the blended cement to the mix water over the next 15 seconds. Every effort should be
made to add the cement blend within this time frame. In the event the process takes longer,
record the actual time on the test sheet.
5) DO NOT dump the entire cement blend into the water at one time. Allow the slurry to
develop as the dry blend is added. If a slurry is unusually thick and hard to mix, the
procedure should be repeated before adjustments are made to the slurry.
6) Install the cover to the blender jar and increase the motor to the high speed of 12,000 RPM ±
500 RPM, usually denoted as “Mix 2”, for 35 seconds. A spatula type tool may be used to
remove any dry blend at the top of the blender jar that was splashed onto the walls during
step 4 and placed into the slurry for appropriate level of shear. If there is significant deviation
from the shear rate as a result of the slurry viscosity, record this value on the test sheet.
7) After the 35 seconds has elapsed, the mixer should be switched to a variable mode that
ramps down the motor to rest (0 RPM) or the off position which performs the same function.
8) Remove the cement slurry from the blender jar and into the appropriate slurry cup. Dump any
excess cement slurry into the appropriate disposal container and place blender jar in the
wash station for cleaning. In the event the blender jar will not be cleaned immediately, fill the
container with water until it can be properly cleaned.
9) A good check of preliminary slurry design stability is while the slurry is in the cup, take a
spatula to the bottom and then ”scrape” up the wall until its blade is out of the cup. Note if the
blade is clean or has residual solids on it.
10) Clean with brushes and detergents to remove cement slurry residue from container and set to
dry on a drying rack.

7.3 Pressurized Fluid Density Balance

As detailed in section 6.2, there are two methods for slurry density determination. This section
will focus on the pressurized fluid density balance as opposed to the Le Chatelier Flask. API
4
recognizes this as the primary method and will be used by all WFT laboratories. When the slurry
is prepared as in sections 7.1 and 7.2 a certain degree of air entrapment occurs. Pressurizing the
slurry compresses the air to a negligible volume which improves the accuracy of the
measurement. It is recommended this procedure be studied first and the balance be calibrated
by substituting deionizer water for the cement slurry. In addition the valve and threads should be
lightly greased.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

1) Fill the sample cup with fluid to be measured. The cup should be filled to a level slightly below
the upper edge of the cup (approximately ¼ inch).
2) Make sure the check valve is in the down position and place the lid on the cup.
3) Push the lid downward into the opening of the cup until surface contact is made between the
outer skirt of the lid and the upper edge of the cup. CAUTION: If the O-ring on the lid makes
it difficult to push the lid onto the cup, DO NOT force it. Forcing the lid can cause fluid to exit
the check valve opening and spray the operator in the face.
4) Place the threaded cap over the lid and screw it into place. This placement forces the lid
against the cup and allows excess fluid to slowly exit from the check valve opening,
preventing a sudden spray of fluid from the check valve. A towel may be placed over the
opening if desired.
5) With the outer edge of the lid contacting the cup and the check valve open, some fluid should
be expelled from the check valve. If fluid is not expelled, remove the lid and pour more fluid
into the cup. Repeat steps 2 through 4.
6) The pressurizing plunger is similar to a syringe. Submerge the nose of the plunger assembly
in the fluid with the piston rod completely depressed. Then, pull the piston rod upward to fill
the plunger cylinder with fluid.
7) Push the nose of the plunger onto the mating O-ring surface of the check valve. Maintain a
downward force on the cylinder housing to hold the valve down (open). At the same time,
apply and maintain a downward force of approximately 50 lb of force on the piston rod.
8) The check valve in the lid is pressure actuated. When pressure is applied within the cup, this
pressure pushes the valve upward into the closed position, thereby closing the valve
gradually.
9) While maintaining the same force on the plunger, decrease the force applied by the hand
holding the cylinder. This allows the check valve to move upward slightly.
10) When the valve closes, pressure can be released from the plunger and the cylinder can be
disconnected from the check valve.
11) Rinse the exterior of the cup and wipe it dry.
12) Place the beam of the cup on the knife edge of the balance and adjust the weight block on
the beam until a balanced state is reached as defined by a bubble centered between the two
black marks.
13) Obtain the density by reading one of the calibrated scales on the arrow side of the sliding
weight block.
14) On the standard scale, the density can be read directly in units of lb./gal, specific gravity,
psi/100 ft. and lb/ft³. On the metric scale, the density can be read in units of lb/gal, specific
gravity, kg/L, kPa/M and kg/M³.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

15) Release the pressure on the cup by pushing the valve downward after reconnecting the
empty plunger assembly and push down on the cylinder housing. CAUTION: Do not press
downward on the check valve if the plunger assembly is not connected. This would allow the
pressurized fluid to spray from the check valve opening.
16) Empty the cup and thoroughly rinse and clean all components. Pull water into the plunger
and expel it several times until clear water is expelled.
17) Verify the check valve is operating properly by pushing and pulling on it. If it does not move
freely, the retaining ring in the groove above the lid should be removed and the sliding check
valve removed. Inspect the o-ring and replace if necessary. Lightly grease the sliding check
valve, reinstall it into the lid, and attach the retaining ring.

7.4 Atmospheric Consistometer

The atmospheric consistometer can be used to either condition cement slurries at temperatures
below 194ºF (90ºC) or run thickening time tests. The atmospheric consistometer is primarily used
to condition slurry for the determination of free water, fluid loss, and rheological properties of
cement systems. In cases where the thickening time test can be run at near ambient conditions
4
or arctic testing as described in Section 14 is desired, the atmospheric consistometer may be
used. Another use of the atmospheric consistometer is to note the consistency during the stirring
period via the dial reading on the lid. These readings should be recorded at 5, 10, and 20
minutes elapsed. As with the pressurized consistometer, the potentiometer in the lid of the
atmospheric consistometer must be properly calibrated if used for measuring slurry consistency.

7.4.1 Slurry Conditioning

The following steps detail the correct procedure for conditioning the slurry. It is assumed
at this point the slurry was prepared as detailed in sections 7.1 and 7.2 of this document.
In addition, the loading cells have been cleaned, removed, and at room temperature prior
to the slurry preparation. Furthermore the consistometer is set at the bottom-hole
circulating temperature (BHCT) for the testing.

1) Pour the cement slurry into the loading cell up to the inscribed line.
2) Insert the respective mixing paddle into the cell where the shaft stem is above the rim
of the cup.
3) Take the cup lid assembly and connect the paddle shaft into the pivoted slot at the
bottom of the lid and turn manually to ensure the shaft is latched in place to create
torsion readings.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

4) The pins of the lid are then aligned into the slots on the loading cell and the lid locked
into place.
5) Insert the assembled cell into the atmospheric consistometer so that it seats into the
latched grooves of the main housing.
6) Turn on the motor and begin the 20 minute conditioning period. Note the initial
consistency as mentioned above.
7) At the end of the conditioning period, record the final consistency, and turn off the
motor.
8) Remove the lid and then check the paddle for the same properties as mentioned in
section 7.2 of this document for slurry design stability.
9) Transfer the cement slurry to the appropriate test station or apparatus.
10) Discard the remaining cement slurry into the appropriate disposal container and
place in the wash station for cleaning. Be sure to thoroughly clean the loading cell
and lid.

7.4.2 Thickening Time

In the event the atmospheric consistometer will test the thickening time of cement slurry,
the procedure aforementioned (section 7.3.1) above will be used with the following
exceptions:

1) Consistometer bath will be at job surface temperature at the start of the test.
2) Load the cell as described above.
3) Turn on the motor, start the test timer, and set the test temperature to the BHCT
as per the lab test.
4) Record the initial consistency and then subsequent readings every 10 minutes
for the test duration.
4
5) Though API defines immobile cement slurry between 70 and 100 Bc, to avoid
difficulties cleaning up the cell, the test will cease at the equivalent to 70 Bc and
the results will be extrapolated to 100 Bc.
6) Discard the resultant cement slurry into the appropriate disposal container and
place in the wash station for thorough cleaning.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

4
It will be noted that API defines 1 Bc as 20.8 g-cm of torque as seen in Section 9 , thus
the appropriate values will be mathematically converted ahead of time to accurately
monitor the consistency of the cement slurry.

7.5 Viscometer (Rheologies & Gel Strength)

Using a device similar to that referenced in section 6.3 of this document, evaluate the BHCT from
the lab sheet and program the set point of the bath on the atmospheric consistometer to the
same. Rheological and gel strength values for the cement slurry will be taken at ambient and the
conditioned temperature.

7.5.1 Ambient Temperature

The ambient series of rheological values represents the slurry as mixed with the
equipment in the field and provides a baseline to evaluate the affect of temperature on
the slurry system. The viscometer to be used will be inspected to ensure the bob and
sleeve are installed correctly and in place as per the standards detailed in section 5.3 of
this document.

1) Prepare slurry as detailed in sections 7.1 and 7.2 accordingly.

2) Pour the sample into the slurry cup to the inscribed line on the inner surface.
3) Place the cup onto the platform of the viscometer, turn the viscometer on to the
lowest shear rate (3 RPM), and slowly raise the slurry into the sleeve assembly until
the leading edge of the slurry in the cup is flush with a scored line on the top of the
sleeve.
4) Allow 10 seconds before recording the dial reading and increase the gear speed to 6
RPM.
5) This process of 10 second readings with increasing shear rates will be continued at
6, 100, 200, and 300 RPM as part of the ramp-up readings.
6) Following the final 300 RPM reading, wait 10 seconds. The ramp-down readings will
be recorded at 200, 100, 6, and 3 RPM. The average of the two ramps is the
4
reported rheological values for the slurry .

7.5.1.1 Gel Strength

The gel strength can be measured after performing the rheological readings as
described above. In the event the slurry sample in the cup seems slightly gelled,

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Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
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JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

it is recommended to recondition the slurry by increasing to shear rate to 300

RPM for 60 seconds before starting the analysis.

1) Shut off the viscometer for 10 seconds. Adjust the shear rate to 3 RPM and
then turn on the viscometer.
2) Record the highest reading on the dial before a “break back” and then shut
down the viscometer for 10 minutes. Repeat the process after 10 minutes
elapse noting the “break back” reading.
3) Discard the remaining cement slurry into the appropriate disposal container
and place the cup in the wash station for cleaning.
4) Disassemble the bob, sleeve, and place in the wash station for cleaning. In
addition, inspect the entire viscometer for residual cement and wipe clean
accordingly.

NOTE: The OFITE Model 900 may perform the standard API recommended
practices for Mud or Cement Rheologies automatically making it unnecessary to
stop the motor between speed changes and to manually track the time between
readings.

7.5.2 Conditioned Temperature (Heated Rheologies)

The viscometer to be used will be inspected to ensure the bob and sleeve are installed
correctly and in place as per the standards detailed in section 5.3 of this document. To
determine the rheological values for the slurry system at temperature the following
procedure will be followed:

1) Condition the slurry system as detailed in section 7.4.1.

2) Set the viscometer heat cup to the appropriate test temperature.
3) After the 20 minute conditioning period, use proper hand protection as described in
section 5.1, remove cup from consistometer.
4) Pour the cement in the viscometer heat cup to the inscribed line.

*Continue from Step 3 in section 7.5.1 above through section 7.5.1.1.

7.6 Fluid Loss Determination

Section 6.5 summarized the objective of determining the fluid loss of a cement system and the
4
equipment associated with the temperatures ranges. Section 10 also discusses different
methods for conditioning cement slurry for the fluid loss test including an atmospheric
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
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PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

consistometer, pressurized consistometer, or stirring fluid loss cell. This document will detail the
HTHP Filter Press and Stirring Fluid Loss Cell. Depending on the laboratory setup, a back
pressure valve will or will not be installed. For this procedure, the back pressure valve is omitted.
In the event both valves are installed, the operating manual for the press will detail the omitted
steps.

Caution: This procedure requires the handling of hot, pressurized equipment and cement slurry.
These can cause serious injury. Only trained personnel may perform these tests.

7.6.1 HTHP Filter Press less than 194ºF (90ºC)

1) Prepare slurry as detailed in sections 7.1 and 7.2 accordingly.

2) Follow section 7.4 to condition the slurry.
3) Prepare test cell prior to use. Inspect screens, O-rings, and valve stems to be in good
working condition.

FOR TESTING AT BHCT:

a. Place O-ring into the sealing ledge (groove) at the top of the cell.
b. Install the metal spacer, flat side down, add a second O-ring on top of the spacer.
c. Seat the top cap on the top O- ring in place by firmly depressing until it is flush
with the cell and the arrows are aligned.
d. Tighten set screws on the top of the cell just to “hand tight”. Tighten screws in a
pattern whereby the second screw tightened is directly opposite the first screw,
the third is to the left of the first, the fourth opposite the third, the fifth is to the left
of the third and the sixth is opposite the fifth.
e. Using a wrench, completely close the valve.
f. Place o-ring in the groove of the cell bottom.
g. Set the screen and second O-ring aside, align the arrow of the bottom with the
arrow on the bottom cap, and loosely tighten set screws. Snugly close the valve
stem. Insert the cell in heater assembly with the bottom side up and resting on
the set screws. The test cell should be inserted in the heater while the slurry
preconditions in the atmospheric consistometer.
h. After the 20 minute conditioning period, use proper PPE to pour the slurry into
the inverted cell. Do not fill the cell more than 0.5” (13 mm) from the O-ring
groove to allow for heat expansion of the fluid.

*Note: It may be required to stabilize the cell in a vice with rubber protectors
installed over the teeth to ensure the cell will not be damaged.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 26 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

i. Install mesh screen with the flat side down. Install the second “O” ring assembly.
j. Seat the bottom cap on the “O” ring by firmly depressing until it is flush with the
cell and the arrows are aligned.
k. Hand-tighten set screws into place on the cell and then close the valve.
l. Remove cell from the vice and insert, with the top cap facing upward, into the
heating jacket. The cell should be rotated until the pin on the bottom of the
heating jacket seats in the pin hole on the bottom of the cell.

FOR TESTING AT ROOM TEMPERATURE:

a. The bottom of the cell should be assembled complete with screen in place
between two O-rings, cap aligned with the arrow on the base, set screws hand
tightened using the same pattern as described for the upper end cap and the
valve snugly closed. Invert the cell.
b. Insert the o-ring in the upper sealing ledge (groove), insert the spacer ring (flat
side down), and insert the second O-ring.
c. Pour the slurry into the cell. Do not fill the cell more than 0.5” (13 mm) from the
O-ring groove. Do not allow fluid to spill onto the O-rings or sealing ledge. Wipe
away any fluid that does flow onto the sealing ledge or O-rings.

*Note: It may be required to hold the cell in a vice with rubber protectors installed over the
teeth to ensure the cell will not be damaged.

d. Install mesh screen with the flat side down. Install the second “O” ring assembly.
e. Seat the bottom cap on the “O” ring in place by firmly depressing until it is flush
with the cell and the arrows are aligned.
f. Hand-tighten set screws into place on the cell and then close the valve.
g. Remove cell from the vice and insert correctly into the heating jacket. The cell
should be rotated until the pin on the bottom of the heating jacket seats in the pin
hole on the cell.

4) Connect the block assembly to the top valve stem and lock in place with the retaining
pin.
5) Close the bleed valve on the Nitrogen manifold assembly and then open the main
supply valve on the Nitrogen tank until 950-psi is read on the pressure gauge.
6) Slowly open the top valve stem roughly ½ turn.
7) Increase the Nitrogen supply. Apply 1,000-psi for the duration of the test.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 27 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

8) Obtain two (2) 50-mL graduated cylinders and place one directly under the bottom
valve stem.
9) Open the bottom valve ½ turn to begin the test and start the timer. Adjust Nitrogen
supply as needed to keep 1000 psi applied to the cell.
10) Collect the filtrate for a period of 30 minutes.
10
*Note: If the test runs for less than 30 minutes, stop the timer when the fluid “blows out ”
and record the volume associated with the time elapsed. If the first graduated cylinder
reaches the 40-mL mark, replace with the other cylinder. Do not discard this fluid. Set it
aside until the test is complete.

11) Close the top valve stem on the cell then proceed to close the Nitrogen supply valve.
12) Release the pressure trapped in the line via opening the bleed valve slowly.
13) Remove the top valve stem locking pin and subsequently the block assembly.
14) Slowly open the top valve stem to vent off the trapped nitrogen in the cell.
15) Wait 10 to 15 minutes before dissembling the cell for disposal and clean-up. Be sure
all pressure has been released from the cell before loosening set screws.

7.6.2 HTHP Fluid Press greater than 194ºF (90.0°C)

If the BHCT exceeds the above temperature, several things should be considered prior to
performing the test. Most importantly if the test temperature exceeds 300ºF (149ºC),
®
Viton “O” rings must be used. In addition the slurry will be conditioned in a pressurized
consistometer.

1) Prepare slurry as detailed in sections 7.1 and 7.2 accordingly.

2) To condition the slurry using a pressurized consistometer as the apparatus, follow
instructions as for performing a Thickening Time Test (see sections 7.7.1 through
7.7.4 of this document).
3) Once the slurry reaches the correct temperature and pressure, the consistometer
should be cooled to 194ºF (90ºC) or below before removing the cup.
4) After removing the cup from the consistometer, keep the slurry cup in an upright
position, remove the retaining ring, diaphragm, top cover, and paddle assembly.
Carefully blot any oil that may appear above the slurry.
5) Continue at step 4 of section 7.6.1 above for the duration of the test.

10
Is a term used to explain when the cell has expelled all of the fluid from the cement in the cell and the gas is
exiting the bottom valve.
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 28 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

7.6.3 Stirred Fluid Loss Test greater than 193ºF (89.4ºC)

The following procedure is used when a stirring fluid loss apparatus is available. A
thorough inspection of the existing “O” rings will be performed prior to each test for
working condition, however, if at all possible, use new seal rings before each test. As
every apparatus is unique, it is recommended to follow the manufacturer’s operations
manual for testing. The following is therefore to be used only as a guide and not as
specific instructions.

7.6.3.1 Filling the Test Cell

1) Grease the “O” rings with appropriate high temperature grease.

2) Subsequently grease test cell’s inner walls, paddle and bottom cap.
3) Place the “O” ring into the ledge around the bottom cap and insert the cap
into the test cell.
4) Tighten the set screws and install the lower valve stem on the bottom cap.
5) Place the test cell on the bottom cap in a vice as described in section 7.6.1.
Ensure the cell is not supported by the paddle assembly or drive bar.
6) Prepare slurry as detailed in sections 7.1 and 7.2 accordingly.
7) Continue to pour the slurry into the cell and prevent cement from spilling on
the ledge for the “O” ring. Immediately clean any cement from the ledge.
8) Install a greased “O” ring on the ledge. Install the mesh screen on the
filtration cap.
9) Place another greased “O” ring on top of the screen and then insert the cap
into the test cell.
10) Tighten the set screws and insert the valve stem into the same cap.

7.6.3.2 Installing the Test Cell

Every apparatus is unique and these instructions should be a guide only. Follow
manufacturer’s instructions for operation.

1) On the heating jacket safety plate, back off the two screws that hold it in
place.
2) Rotate the jacket until it is in the horizontal position so the open end is turned
away from the control panel.
3) Insert the test cell into the heating jacket with the rotational end in first.
4) Proceed to rotate the jacket to a vertical position where it will be rotated until
the pin locks in place.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 29 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

5) Slide the cover plate over the test cell. Tighten the set screws.
6) Insert the thermocouple into the back of the test cell where a sleeve is
located.
7) Ensure the thermocouple is plugged into the control panel.
8) Install the air line to the top connection of the test cell.

7.6.3.3 Starting the Test

Every apparatus is unique and these instructions should be a guide only. Follow
manufacturer’s instructions for operation.

1) Confirm the bottom stem valve is in the closed position.

2) While beginning to rotate the jacket, lift the drive system upwards until it is in
the horizontal position. If the gears do not engage, lower the drive system
and operate the motor for a second or two.
3) Lift the drive system forward now and ensure the system is in the horizontal
position. It may be necessary to repeat this process until success.
4) Lower the drive system and return to the vertical position.
5) Depress the paddle assembly into the test cell as far as possible and then lift
the drive system back into the horizontal position. Then rotate the drive pin
until it aligns with the drive gear.
6) Pull the drive bar down until it latches up with the drive gear.
7) Engage the motor by dialing the control knob completely to the wide open
position (the furthest position away from rest) which is 150 RPM.
8) Add a pressure of roughly 200-psi to the cell by opening the lower regulator
handle.
9) Set the temperature on the control panel for the BHCT as per the test sheet.
10) Engage the heating element by switching it to the “on” position.
11) After 20 minutes elapsed from attaining the set point, place the 50-mL
graduated cylinder underneath the bottom stem, and set the differential
pressure to 1,000-psi.
12) Slowly open the bottom valve to begin the test. Start test time.
13) Collect the filtrate as detailed from step 8 in section 7.6.1 and proceed with
the remainder of the steps as detailed up to clean-up.

4
As detailed in RP 10B section 10, the calculation of the API Fluid Loss can be
done two different ways depending on the results. In the event the fluid loss test
lasted for the full 30 minutes, this is called the “API Fluid Loss” and it is
calculated as:
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 30 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

API Fluid Loss (cc/30 min) = Q30 * 2 (1)

Where:

Q30 = Volume of filtrate loss at 30 minutes (mL or cc)

When the test reaches the “blow out” condition which is a time t less than the full
30 minutes elapsed, the following equations is used and is called the “Calculated
API Fluid Loss”:

Calculated API Fluid Loss (cc/30 min) = 2*Qt* (2)

Where:

Qt = Volume of filtrate loss at “blow out” time (mL or cc)

t = time elapsed when the “blow out” condition occurred (min)

7.7 Thickening Time Test (Pressurized Consistometer)

Section 6.6 describes the pressurized consistometer specifications and this section will detail
3
using the equipment for evaluation of cement slurry “pump” or “thickening” time. Section 10 is
used as the basis for the following procedure. The determination of Bearden Units of Consistency
(Bc) is a function of the potentiometer torsion and voltage readings. Calibration of each part of
the pressurized consistometer should be routinely performed as per the manufacturer’s
maintenance schedule. For accuracy, a schedule that simulates well conditions should be used.
The schedule should include surface retention time, cooling, static periods, and any other events
likely to occur while running the actual job. Additional references to this testing can be found in
4
Section 9 .

Caution: This procedure requires the handling of hot, pressurized equipment and cement slurry.
These can cause serious injury. Only trained personnel may perform these tests.

7.7.1 Slurry Cup Assembly

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 31 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

Prior to testing, the slurry cup should be completely disassembled and cleaned. The
threads should be free of scale and not damaged. The end of the cylinder with the larger
set of threads is the top. Coat the threads with high-temperature grease to facilitate
cement removal. Optionally, surfaces of the paddle and the inside of the cup may also
be thinly coated with high-temperature grease.

1) The paddle assembly consists of the paddle with stem running through a support
ring, a rubber diaphragm, a diaphragm support plate, a drive disc attached to the
drive bar.
2) Place the paddle assembly in the slurry cup sleeve with the paddle shaft extending
from the top of the sleeve and the support ring resting above the threads. Ensure the
diaphragm is seated firmly and evenly and does not bind on the shaft.
3) Slide the slurry cup lock ring on top of the paddle assembly with the notches facing
upward. Tighten the lock ring using the provided tool.
4) Invert slurry cup and place on the stand in the vice so the bottom of the cup is facing
upward.

7.7.2 Programming the Consistometer

Changes in controllers and software occur periodically. All laboratory personnel should
become familiar with the latest programs before operating the consistometer. The
temperatures and pressures for the test schedule should be programmed prior to
blending the slurry. The laboratory supervisor will address specific programming
requirements and/or special conditions noted on the lab request form.

7.7.3 Programming the Consistometer

Changes in controllers and software occur periodically. All laboratory personnel should
become familiar with the latest programs before operating the consistometer. The
temperatures and pressures for the test schedule should be programmed prior to
blending the slurry. The laboratory supervisor will address specific programming
requirements and/or special conditions noted on the lab request form.

7.7.4 Filling the Slurry Cup

The test should be started within 5 minutes of the end of mixing.

The cement slurry will be prepared for consistometer testing as detailed in sections 7.1
and 7.2 of this document. When slurry preparation is complete, the cement slurry will be
poured into the slurry cup as detailed below.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 32 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

1) Pour the cement slurry into the slurry cup through the open bottom of the cylinder. Fill
to within ¼ inch of the upper edge of the cup.
2) Place the metal o-ring around the threads of the bottom cap. Apply high-temperature
grease to the o-ring and cap surface.
3) Tap the outside of the slurry cup and turn the paddle several times to expel any air.
4) Screw the cap onto the cup and tighten with the slurry cup tool. The slurry cup should
contain enough cement slurry that it leaks out of the hole in the center of the cap. If it
does not, remove the cap, add more slurry, and replace the cap. DO NOT ADD
CEMENT THROUGH THE CENTER HOLE.
5) Place the metal o-ring around the pivot bearing and apply high-temperature grease to
the o-ring and bearing.
6) Screw the pivot bearing into the hole in the center of the cap and tighten.
7) Wipe the entire slurry cup clean to ensure no cement remains on the outside.

7.7.5 Load the Consistometer and Start Test11

The test should be started within 5 minutes of the end of mixing.

Prior to loading the test cell, ensure the “Motor”, “Pump”, and “Heat” switches are “off”
and the “Air to Cylinder” and “Pressure Release” valves are closed.

1) Check the position of the potentiometer on the drive bar. It should sit on the drive bar
in such a way that nothing interferes with free movement of the cup beneath the
potentiometer.
2) Using the lift bail, latch the ends into the two holes of the locking ring and lower into
the test cell ensuring that the slurry cup drive pins engage the drive holes at the
bottom of the test cell. It may be necessary to start the motor briefly to confirm that
the slurry cup is properly aligned.
3) Using the lift bail and with the motor off, latch the ends into the two holes on top of
the potentiometer and lower onto the shaft of the slurry cup taking care to align the
notches in the potentiometer with the contact pins on the test cell.
4) To correctly seat the potentiometer on the drive bar, rotate the cup with the MOTOR
ON for a few seconds while applying slight pressure to the potentiometer by use of
the bail or similar tool. DO NOT USE HANDS OR FINGERS. Turn the “15VDC”
switch on with the “Slurry/Test Cell” switch set to “Slurry”. Note that the motor will not

11
OFI Testing Equipment, Inc. “HTHP Consistometer with Data Acquisition System” Instruction Manual, Ver. 2.2
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 33 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

engage if the unit is in an alarm condition. Verify that the potentiometer is registering
voltage. Adjust the position of the potentiometer if necessary.
5) Verify that the chamber lid is fitted with the correct o-ring. A rubber o-ring may be
used for low temperature tests, but a metal o-ring must be used for high temperature
and/or high pressure testing.
6) Screw the chamber lid into place. Tightening the cell lid flattens the metal o-ring.
The metal o-ring must be tightened to the same point for all tests or leakage can
occur. When a new metal o-ring is installed, tighten the chamber lid; mark the test
cell and the chamber lid so that the marks will align to show the proper position for
the tests that will be run later.
7) Insert the thermocouple into the test cell port on the lid, and tighten the thread gland
finger tight, then loosen 1/8 of a turn.
8) Switch the “Oil Reservoir” valve to “Fill Cell” and wait for the mineral oil to extrude
completely from the top of the test cap confirming the cell has displaced the air in the
test cell.
9) Using a 5/8” wrench, tighten the thermocouple nut, and blot away any excess mineral
oil.
10) Verify that the “15 VDC” switch is on and the “Slurry/Test Cell” switch is set to
“Slurry.”
11) Turn on the pump and adjust the test pressure to the initial pressure indicated on the
lab test form. Turn the regulating valve clockwise to increase pressure. The pump
may be turned off when the initial pressure is reached.
12) Turn heat on and push the “Run” button on the temperature controller.
13) Turn the timer switch on and push the “R” button to reset the timer display.
14) Turn the “Alarm” switch on to provide a visual and audible signal should an alarm
condition occur.

7.7.6 Test Completion

Best engineering practices indicate the total thickening time is determined when the
equivalent voltage equates 100 Bc. It is not unusual for a company or engineer to
designate a preference that the total thickening time be determined at another point (i.e.
40 Bc or 70 Bc). Most consistometers include software to record more than one
consistency point. In most cases, the test should not be terminated until 100 Bc is
reached.

1) When the test is completed, press and hold the “RUN/HOLD” on the temperature
controller until the “Run” and “Hold” lights are both extinguished.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 34 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

2) Turn the “Heat” and “15DVC” switches “off” and turn on the “Cool” switch to begin
cooling down the consistometer. Be sure the water supply is turned on.
3) Switch the “Slurry” switch to “Slurry/Test Cell” to monitor the mineral oil temperature.
The slurry cup cannot be removed until the temperature of the mineral oil is less than
180°F (82°C). Until the mineral oil is cooler than 180°F, the pressure should be
maintained at 1,000-psi (6,900-kPa) or greater.
4) Once the test cell has cooled, turn the “Cool” and “Motor” switched off.
5) Slowly bleed the pressure from the test cell by opening the “Pressure Release” valve
(counter-clockwise).
ALWAYS RELEASE THE PRESSURE SLOWLY TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO
THE TECHNICIAN AND TO THE EQUIPMENT.
6) Turn the “Oil Reservoir” valve to “Vent” and open the “Air to Cylinder” valve.
7) Air pressure will force the oil back into the reservoir and a hissing sound will be
emitted until the air is released.
8) When the hissing sound stops, close the “Air to Cylinder” valve.
9) Carefully unscrew the thermocouple bolt and remove the thermocouple from the cell.
Keep a mop or towel handy to protect the technician and equipment from any oil or
oil fumes that can be emitted when the thermocouple is removed.
10) Unscrew and remove the chamber lid, the potentiometer and the slurry cup.
11) Cooling water and cooling switches may be left on to further cool the chamber if
another test will be run shortly.
12) Return the chamber lid to the test cell to prevent dust, tools or other material from
entering the cell.

7.7.7 Disassemble and Cleanup

After every test the slurry cup will be disassembled from the top down.

1) Remove the potentiometer drive bar from the shaft.

2) Using the slurry cup tools back off the lock ring and remove seals.
3) Remove paddle with formed cement from the cylinder and clean.
4) Remove hex bolt and bottom cap from cylinder using a wrench and slurry tools.
5) Thoroughly clean any cement residue from the threads and equipment.
6) Soaking the paddle in Muriatic Acid solution to aid with cement scale removal before
buffing with a Drumel® or similar brush tool may be necessary.
7) Allow to air dry or towel dry. Do not use drying chemicals on equipment (i.e.
acetone).

7.8 Ultrasonic Cement Analyzer (UCA) Testing

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 35 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

The UCA is a non-destructive testing method to determine the compressive strength of cement
slurries over time. Section 6.9 discussed the equipment used to conduct the subject testing and
4 12
the following procedure is taken from references in both Section 8 and the OFITE manual.
Software changes occur and technicians are responsible for making themselves aware of these
changes before using the equipment for performing lab tests. The controller will be programmed
for the each test as requested on the lab request form. The laboratory supervisor can clarify any
questions concerning the programming; however, each employee should have a thorough
working knowledge of the equipment and programming before running any test.

Caution: This procedure requires the handling of hot, pressurized equipment and cement slurry.
These can cause serious injury. Only trained personnel may perform these tests.

7.8.1 Preparing the Test Cell

Examine the test cell at both ends and inspect the threads. Below each set of threads is a
small groove. The end with the smaller groove is the bottom of the cell. It is important to
recognize the difference in the top of the cell and the bottom of the cell, as it is tapered on
the inside and cured cement can only be removed by applying pressure from the top
down. Trying to remove the cured specimen otherwise will damage the cell and could
harm the technician.

1) Lightly grease all grooves and slots with high temperature grease. Wipe off any
excess grease. Inspect bottom transducer well and clean if needed.
2) Apply high pressure grease to the metal seal ring and place it onto the bottom cell
cap with the larger portion pointing DOWN.
3) Carefully screw the greased bottom cell cap onto the test cell. There should be no
resistance. If there is, stop turning, unscrew the cap and inspect/ clean debris from
threads. A damaged metal seal ring will cause the o-ring to slip or will keep the lid
from properly seating. Once the cap is completely tightened, unscrew it one quarter
turn. This will facilitate disassembly and cured sample retrieval at the end of the test.
4) The top cap should be lightly greased including the seal, threads, “O” rings, and
retaining ring.
5) The top cap should also be inspected to ensure the transducer well and test cell
adapter plugs are free of cement residue.

7.8.2 Filling the Test Cell, Loading into UCA, Start Test
12
OFI Testing Equipment, Inc. “Dual-Cell Ultrasonic Cement Analyzer Instruction Manual” Ver. 1.07
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
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00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

The cement slurry will be prepared for consistometer testing as detailed in sections 7.1
and 7.2 of this document. The prepared cement slurry will be poured into the test cell
as detailed below. The test should be started within 5 minutes of the loading the
test cell. Program the software prior to mixing the slurry.

1) Insert the fill gauge in the test cell, holding it against the inside of the test cell. Pour
the test slurry into the cell. Stop when the leading edge of the slurry is flush with the
bottom of the gauge.
2) Carefully screw on the top cap to the test cell.
3) Using caution, insert the assembled test cell into the heating jacket of the UCA.
4) Apply a thin layer of ultrasonic couplant to the transducers. Be sure to use a
couplant rated for the temperature at which the test will be performed.
5) Carefully place the cell into the heating jacket. Make sure the bottom transducer is
inside the well hole in the cell cap before lowering into the heating jacket.
6) Connect the water/air piping to the cell and UCA unit. Hand-tighten with a wrench.
7) Connect the transducer cable to the UCA and make sure the pressure valves are
closed by turning them counter-clockwise.
8) Turn the “Water Supply” valve “on” and standby with a wrench to tighten the
thermocouple nut when the water has displaced the air in the cell.
9) Open the air valve and turn on the pump.
10) Slowly open (turn clockwise) the regulator and pressure to at least 500-psi over the
desired test pressure. If the cell will not build pressure, adjust the back pressure
valve clockwise. Allow the pressure to build to slightly higher than necessary for the
test and turn the back pressure regulator counter-clockwise slowly to lower the
pressure.
11) Turn on the “Heat” switch.
12) Press and hold the “Run/Hold” button on the temperature controller until “RUN” is
displayed.
13) Then using the controller software, begin the test. Details of the software for all
instrumentation operation must be fully understood and approved by the lab
supervisor prior to anyone attempting to run a UCA test.
14) Confirm the transit time is reading at least 10ms (micro-seconds). If not, monitor the
test for a few minutes as the problem may correct itself. When the Transit Time does
rise above 10ms, restart the test by hitting the “Stop Test” button and clicking the
“Start Test” button again.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 37 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

15) Solid particles and air bubbles within the cement slurry can adversely affect the test
result. If the Transit Time does not correct itself within a few minutes, the slurry will
need to be remixed with greater care taken to avoid air entrainment.

7.8.3 Test Completion

The standard test indicates a monitoring period of 24 hours. In the event, the
compressive strength has not reached a minimum value, the engineer will make the
decision as to whether or not to continue test into 36 hours or longer or shut down for a
redesign. Or the original test request will specify the duration of the curing period. At the
end of the test period:

1) Use the computer software to select “End Test” on the “Operate” menu and complete
file saving.
2) Depress the “Run/Hold” button and hold until both lights are off.
3) Turn the heat off.
4) Turn on the “Cool” switch to begin cooling the chamber.
5) Once the chamber is cooled, turn the “Pump” and “Cool” switches off.
6) Close both the Water and Air valves.
7) Open the pressure release by turning the valve counter-clockwise.
8) Remove the thermocouple, transducer cable, and pipe connection from the UCA cell.
9) Remove the test cell from the jacket and place into the disassembly area.
10) A vice may be necessary to remove both caps. Be sure to use a vice with rubber
mounts covering the teeth to prevent scarring of the cell.
11) Drain the excess water (if any) from the test cell.
12) With the bottom cap off, remove the 0-ring and seal ring from inside the cell.

There are several methods used to remove the solid cement from the test cell
including a Carver Press, this document will discuss the OFITE UCA method for
removal.

13) Screw the top cell cap back onto the test cell and install the plug into one of the
threads.
14) Take the test cell adapter and install into the other threaded section.
15) Next take the other adapter and install into same.
16) Connect the air hose to the two fittings. The fitting on the unit uses a quick-connect
and the fitting on the test cell requires manual tightening.
17) Plug the thermocouple into the unit and close the pressure relief valve.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 38 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

18) Open the water and air valves; turn on the pump.
19) When you hear the cement block “thump” out, shut down the pump, close the valves,
and bleed off the pressure.
20) Disconnect the air hose and remove all fittings.
21) Remove the test cell and clean completely.

7.9 Crushed/Destructive Testing for Compressive Strength

As aforementioned in Section 6.8, the compressive strength analysis of cements abides by ASTM
C 109 with exceptions on the molds separation. For the destructive testing the following
3 4
equipment is needed to confirm with both Spec 10A & RP 10B :

1) 2” Cube Molds
2) Base and Cover Plates for molds.
3) Water Curing Bath (atmospheric or pressurized) set @ BHST
4) Cooling Bath @ ambient temperature
5) Thermometer to measure temperature of Water Baths
6) Non-corrosive, high temperature and pressure grease
7) Rod for “puddling” (a corrosion-resistant rod with a width of approximately ¼ inch /6mm)
8) Mold sealing grease
9) Mold release agent
10) Level

7.9.1 Preparation of Cube Molds

Prior to loading the molds with cement, they should be inspected and assembled as per
the manufactures specification. The molds should be lightly coated with a release agent
on the inner walls and sealing grease on the contact surfaces to ensure the filled molds
will be water tight.

1) Mix and prepare slurry as per sections 7.1 and 7.2 of this document.
2) Transfer the slurry to half of the height of the mold and use the puddling rod
approximately 30 times to ensure uniformity in the sample.
3) Stir the remaining slurry and fill the molds completely. Puddle as above to remove
any air entrapment.
4) Use a straight edge to remove the excess slurry from the molds.
5) If a molds leaks, discard sample.
6) Place a clean glass or metal cover plate, greased, on top of the molds to anchor in
place.
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 39 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

7.9.2 Curing Samples

Curing can be performed either under atmospheric or pressurized conditions.

Atmospheric conditions will be addressed in this section. For specifics of pressurized
4
curing using a curing chamber (autoclave) see Section 7 . The curing time is defined as
the time elapsed from subjecting the sample to temperature in the curing vessel to testing
the sample for strength³. The majority of destructive testing focuses on lighter weight
samples for accuracy as the acoustic impedance and transit time for these samples is not
consistent on the UCA. The water bath should be set at the BHST. Note: the maximum
temperature of the water bath is roughly 194°F (90° C). Most commonly the samples will
be tested at 12 and 24 hours, however, it is important to test at the specific time
requested on the lab request form.

7.9.3 Sample Cooling

3
The rate at which the sample should be cooled is viewed in Section 9 as it indicates the
sample should be removed from the curing bath for a specific length of time to cool
before reaching the target curing time for testing. Once the associated cooling rate is
identified, remove samples from molds and place the samples into the atmospheric
cooling bath.

7.9.4 Destructive Test

Remove samples from the cooling bath at the specified time and wipe down thoroughly to
ensure a clean face for contact with the load bearing blocks. The samples should be
inspected again for consistency and discarded if any deformities from the curing period.
A measuring device should be used to calculate the effective surface area as there is
cement shrinkage and other factors so that the sample may not be the hypothetical four
2 4
(4) square inches (25.8 cm ) of area. Section 7 describes a similar methodology where
the expected load pressure ramping is a function of the expected test pressure and will
be used for this document.

Caution: Flying debris may occur. Wear eye protection and close the safety shield.

The loading rate should be pre-programmed in the Compressive Strength Tester but all
laboratory personnel must be aware if a sample is expected to have a compressive
strength less than 500-psi (3.5 MPa), the load rate will be 1,000 ± 100 psi (4,000 ± 400
lbf) per minute. This is usually associated with lighter weight cements as mentioned
above. If the compressive strength is expected to be greater than 500 psi (3.5 MPa),
This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 40 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

the load rate will be 4,000 ± 400 psi (16,000 ± 1,600 lbf) per minute. Load each cube
sample between the load bearing blocks and confirm a level environment by placing the
level on top of the upper block. Adjust as needed. Close the safety shield and start test
as software dictates. As noted the compressive strength will be reported as the force
required to break the sample divided by the smallest measured cross-sectional area in
contact with the load-bearing plates. It will also be averaged from all of the acceptable
test samples made from the same slurry and tested at the same time. The compressive
strength will be reported to the nearest 10 psi (0.1 MPa) and the test schedule used will
also be reported.

7.9.5 Clean-up

The cement sample should be properly removed from the load bearing chamber and all
residual cement should be neatly swept or removed as soon as possible. Molds will be
cleaned and left dry and prepared for the next set of samples to be tested.

7.10 Free Fluid Test

4
As explained in Section 15 there are several techniques used to determine the free water
content of cement slurry. For the purpose of this document, a generalized procedure will be
documented. Requests for other methods of free water testing may come from the engineer on
the lab request form. Consult Spec 10A or laboratory supervisor for instructions. Note the more
closely the field conditions are simulated, the more representative the data will be.

7.10.1 Equipment Needed

The following equipment should be available prior to preparing the slurry for the subject
testing:

1) 250 mL Graduated Cylinder with minimum 2 mL graduations and with the zero to 250
ml graduated portion no less than 232 mm and no more than 250 mm in length.
2) Cellophane Tape or Parafilm®
3) Stop Watch/Timer
4) Protractor
5) Wooden Block(s) or Ring Stand or similar devices that the graduated cylinder can
rest on to simulate 30°, 45°, 60°, or 90° deviation s.
6) A test area that is free of vibrations and will not be disturbed for the two hour test
period.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.
 ENTERPRISE EXCELLENCE PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE REV: PAGE: ORIGINAL ISSUE REVISION DATE:
NUMBER: DATE:
5-3-GL-GL-CPM- 1 41 DECEMBER 2009 DECEMBER 2009
00011
PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: APPROVED BY:

JMS/MJB FRANK ZAMORA FRANK ZAMORA

MARK STANLEY
TITLE: LABORATORY TESTING OF OILWELL CEMENTS

7) Heat tape for wrapping the test cylinder or a heated bath capable of containing the
cylinder to the 250 ml mark.

7.10.2 Slurry Preparation

Prior to mixing the cement slurry, the atmospheric consistometer should be programmed
for conditioning at BHCT. Mix the cement slurry as indicated in sections 7.1 and 7.2 of
this document. Load sample into the consistometer as per section 7.4 and condition for
20 minutes. Best practice is to have electric heating tape encapsulating the cylinder or to
immerse the cylinder in a heated bath that is deep enough to cover the cylinder to the
upper level of the slurry. Tests performed at near ambient may be run without heat at the
discretion of the laboratory supervisor. After the conditioning period, pour the slurry to the
250mL mark on the graduated cylinder. Adjust the orientation of the cylinder from vertical
to the degree of deviation expected for the job, if necessary. Seal the cylinder with cap or
Parafilm® or similar product. Start the timer. After the two hour duration, use a pipette to
collect any free fluid and transfer to another graduated cylinder. Record the volume of
free fluid.

8.0 REFERENCES

Most of the data herein was derived from the referenced documents in the footnotes in addition to the
best practices accumulated over time in the industry through experience. Cementing is more an “art”
than other services as there exists the flexibility to modify procedures for “fit-for-purpose” applications. It
is recommended that tests be modified to simulate down hole conditions whenever possible.

This document is copyrighted and, whether patentable or non-patentable subject matter, embodies the proprietary and confidential information of Weatherford.
Recipients agree it is loaned in confidence with the understanding that neither it nor the information in it will be reproduced, used or disclosed in whole or in part for
any purpose except the limited purpose for which it is loaned. This document shall be returned to Weatherford upon demand.
© 2009 Weatherford International, Inc.