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4.2 Direct Retainer

The document discusses various types of direct retainers used in removable dental prostheses, including Aker's clasp, reverse Aker clasp, double Aker clasp, multiple clasp, circumferential C clasp, extended arm clasp, half and half clasp, RPA clasp, and ring clasp. Each type of clasp has a specific design and indications for use. Advantages and disadvantages of each clasp design are also provided.

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Mujtaba Alsaleh
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44 views38 pages

4.2 Direct Retainer

The document discusses various types of direct retainers used in removable dental prostheses, including Aker's clasp, reverse Aker clasp, double Aker clasp, multiple clasp, circumferential C clasp, extended arm clasp, half and half clasp, RPA clasp, and ring clasp. Each type of clasp has a specific design and indications for use. Advantages and disadvantages of each clasp design are also provided.

Uploaded by

Mujtaba Alsaleh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa

Department of Prosthodontic and Dental Implantology

Foundations of Prosthodontic Treatment – Fixed


Year 2 Semester 2
(3401116)
DR. Ramy El Sherbiny
Assistant Professor
Prosthodontics
Department
Direct Retainers
College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa
Department of Prosthodontic and Dental Implantology

Foundations of Prosthodontic Treatment – Fixed


Year 2 Semester 2
(3401116)

DR. Ramy El Sherbiny


Assistant Professor
Prosthodontics
Department
 A direct retainer is any unit of a removable dental prosthesis
that engages an abutment tooth to resist displacement of the
prosthesis from the basal seat tissue.
Classification of Direct Retainers

Direct
Retainers

Intracoronal Extracoronal

Semi Retentive
Precision
Precision Clasp Attachments
Attachments
Attachments Assemblies

Suprabulge Infrabulge
1-Aker’s clasp (Aker family)
Retentive arm
0.01 of an inch

Occlusal
rest

Bracing arm Minor connector


Engages the undercut from occlusal direction
A-Aker’s clasp (circlet clasp)
 Clasps designs:

 It is a double-arms clasp, relatively rigid.

 Occlusal rest placed near the edentulous


area.
Engages an undercut of 0.01 inch (1/4 mm)
on the buccal surface of molars or
premolars.
 Indications:

- Unilateral and bilateral tooth borne.

 Advantages:

 Provides support, retention, and the best bracing.


 Not distorted easily.
 Easily constructed.
 Simple to repair.
 Disadvantages:
 More tooth surface is covered.
 Changes the morphology of the abutment crown.
 Due to its half round cross-section, the Aker clasp can be
adjusted to the tooth surface in an inward or outward
(Bucco-lingual) and not upward or downward (occluso-
gingival) direction.
 Cannot be used in free-end saddle cases due to its rigidity.
B-Reverse Aker clasp
 Clasps designs:

• Occlusal rest located away from the edentulous area.


• Retentive arm engages an undercut near the edentulous
area.
• A rigid reciprocal arm.
 Indications:

- In distal extension cases when the bar clasp is


contraindicated .

 Advantages:

- Clasp disengages during load reduces torque


transmitted to the abutment tooth.
C-Double aker
(Embrassure, butterfly, compound clasp)
 Clasps designs:

• Aker clasps arising from a common body and from the


same minor connector, Minor Connector located in the
embrasure between the two clasped teeth.
 Indications:
• Used on the dentulous side of class II, III cases having
no modifications & class IV.
• Provide bilateral stabilization, and bracing, in addition
to retention.
It also splints the two teeth.
D- Multiple clasp
 Clasps designs:
Consists of two opposing Aker’s clasps, Two Lingual rigid
reciprocal arms are connected together at the terminal
ends to augment their rigidity.
 Indications:
 When Splinting of Periodontally affected teeth is
needed.
 Available retentive areas are only adjacent to each
other.
 Disadvantages:
•Utilizing two embrasures rather than a common one
great tooth coverage.
E - Circumferential C clasp
Hairpin, Recurved clasp
 Clasps designs:
Retentive arm turned back (curved ) to engage an undercut
near the edentulous area (below the point of origin
(distobuccal undercut).
 Disadvantages:
• Greater coverage of tooth surface, increase the functional
load on abutment.
• Food trapping at the loop of the arm, and Inferior
esthetics.
F- Extended arm clasp
When abutment tooth has insufficient undercut
 Indications:
Used when the undercut on the tooth near the edentulous
area is poor, while undercut on the adjacent tooth is
suitable.
Advantages:
• The clasp has splinting action.
• Distributes the lateral load over the two teeth.
G - Half & Half clasp
 Clasps designs:

• Retentive arm arising from one side of


the tooth
• A reciprocal arm arising from the other
side of the tooth.
• Two minor connectors
• An auxiliary rest may sometimes be
used.
It is used with isolated premolars and
molars for bounded partial denture.
2- RPA clasp
 Clasps designs:
R. Mesial occlusal rest
P. Proximal plate
A. Aker retentive arm arising
from the superior portion of
the proximal plate.
 Indications:
• In distal extension RPDs presented with shallow vestibule
or severe tissue undercut were gingivally approaching
clasp is contraindicated.
Advantages:
1. Mesio-occlusal rest, permitting the other components to
release from the tooth and drop into undercuts when
occlusal loads are placed on the denture base.
2. This in turn prevents tipping of the abutment.
3- Ring clasp
Clasps designs:
- Single arm clasp used for:
- SINGLE TILTED ISOLATED MOLARS.
- More flexible than Aker because it is one arm clasp.
• Originates by a rest mesially
located on the marginal ridge. And
the single arm encircles nearly all the
tooth surface resembling a ring.
• Exhibiting a mesiobuccal undercut
in case of upper molars and a
mesiolingual undercut on lingually
tilted lower molars.
• Engages a 0.02 or 0.03 of an inch
undercut.
• An auxiliary distal rest is
preferably added to prevent
further mesial tilting of the tooth
• A reinforcing supporting strut
arm located on the non-retentive
side is usually considered to limit
the flexibility of the clasp.
 Disadvantages:

1. Excessive tooth coverage that may result in enamel


decalcification and caries.
2. Easily distorted because of length and difficult to
adjust.
3. Reinforcing arm may cause marginal irritation and
inflammation and may act as a food trap.

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