MANGALDAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Mangaldan, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2021 – 2022
Senior High School Department
ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT

Name: _________________________________________________ Section: ____________________________

Name of Teacher: ______________________________________ Date of Submission: _________________
Quarter No.: FIRST QUARTER Week No.: 3 – 4
WORKSHEET NO. 3 – 4
STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Uses various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdown
EN11/12OC-Ia-6

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
1. Uses various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdown;
2. Explains why there is a breakdown of communication; and
3. Demonstrates sensitivity to the sociocultural dimension of communication situation with focus
on:
a. culture d. social status
b. gender e. religion.
c. age

PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It happens when the sender fails to communicate his/her message properly or when the intended
message is not clearly understood by the receiver.
A. communication C. strategies to avoid communication barriers
B. communication barrier D. process of communication
2. It refers to the natural or environmental conditions that hinder a successful communication
transaction.
A. cultural barrier C. physical barrier
B. external noise D. psychological barrier
3. These are issues like trauma, lack of confidence, fear, anger, frustration, and depression that may
affect the communication process.
A. external Noise C. psychological barrier
B. linguistic barrier D. semantic Noise
4. It refers to the way a person responds in a communication situation affected by personal norms
and traditions.
A. cultural barrier C. physical barrier
B. linguistic barrier D. psychological barrier

5. This is an example when linguistic barrier to communication becomes evident.

A. A professor explains his lessons eloquently in class.
B. Elena is afraid to deliver her opening remarks.
C. People do not understand each other’s language.
D. The transmitter disrupted the speech of Ms. Speaker.

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 Let’s Discuss
Communication breakdown or miscommunication can lead to a total cessation of
interaction. It is brought about my lack of awareness of the dimensions of
communication, especially those influenced by culture and gender.

Communication is a process of exchanging thoughts, ideas, and opinions in order to connect

with other people. Its goal is to achieve a clear and effective understanding resulting to good
relationships in the community. However, there are times when this goal is not reached due to
certain factors. When this happens, there is communication breakdown.

The elements involved in communication are important in the success or failure of this process.
These very same elements (sender, message, receiver, feedback, etc) can pose a threat to the
efficiency or effectiveness of the process. Communication breakdown may occur when problems
in any of the elements involved arise. They become barriers to communication.

Simply put, communication breakdown results when the intended message of the sender is not
understood exactly by the receiver. Barriers to communication are present.

Recognizing the barriers or obstacles to effective communication is important in order to avoid

communication breakdown. Here are some of the barriers that may cause communication failure.

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION

Physical Barriers
 are the natural or environmental condition that act as a barrier in communication in sending
the message from sender to receiver.
Examples:
1. People talking too loud.
2. Noise from a construction site
3. Loud sound of a karaoke
4. Blaring of jeepney horns

Psychological Barriers
 are called as mental barriers. These refer to social and personal issues of a speaker towards
communicating with others.
Examples:
1. trauma
2. shyness, lack of confidence
3. depression
4. fear, stage fright

Cultural Barriers
 pertain to communication problems encountered by people regarding their intrinsic values,
beliefs, and traditions in conflict with others. People’s culture affects the way they
communicate and relate to others
Examples:
1. different beliefs
2. traditions, and customs
3. manners of dressing
4. speaking

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Verderber (1991) gives a similar idea of barrier when he classifies noise into three kinds: External,
Internal and Semantic noise.

Linguistic Barriers
 pertain conflicts with regard to language and word meanings. Because words carry
denotative and connotative meanings, they can sometimes cause confusion and
misunderstanding. Meaning of words and symbols also vary depending on culture.
Examples:
1. difference in language
2. accent and dialect
3. use of jargon and slang
4. speech defects or language impairments

External Noises
 are the “sight, sound and other stimuli that draw people’s attention away from intended
meaning.”
Examples:
1. noise from vehicles
2. singing at the neighborhood
3. visual aids in front of the classroom
4. the dog barking
5. the sound of airplane

Internal noises
 are the “thoughts and feelings that interfere with meaning.”
Examples:
1. confrontation with a friend
2. fear of speaking in front of the class.
3. racial prejudice

Semantic noises
 are the “alternate meanings aroused by a speaker’s symbols.” This idea means that a word
may have another meaning in the minds of the students. This is affected by the language in
which they grew and the culture in which they are exposed.
Examples:
1. incorrect grammar
2. using excessive technical jargon
3. using idiomatic expressions

COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN may at times be inevitable but as a sensible speaker or sender

of the message, we could avoid this. Understanding the concept of communication breakdown
and its causes, will help us realize that failure in communication may be avoided through certain
strategies that we could adapt.

7CS of Effective Communication by Broom, Cutlip, Center (2012)

1. Completeness
 Complete communication is essential to the quality of the communication process in
general.
 Communication should possess everything that the receiver needs to hear for him/her to
respond, react, or evaluate properly.

2. Conciseness
 Conciseness is about being as direct as possible. Insignificant or redundant information
should be eliminated to avoid confusion on the part of the recipient.
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3. Consideration
 The relevant information about the receiver should always be considered such as mood,
background, race, preference, education, status, and needs to avoid miscommunication
and misunderstanding prior to initiating communication

4. Concreteness
 Effective communication requires facts, figures, and real-life examples and situations so that
the receiver may relate better to the message conveyed.

5. Courtesy
 Courtesy is shown by respecting culture, values, and beliefs by the receiver/s. This creates a
positive feedback on the audience.

6. Clearness
 This means using specific words to express ideas. A speaker may focus on one objective at
a time to avoid confusion on the part of the audience.

7. Correctness
 Correctness in grammar, in facts, and argument, increases credibility and effectiveness of
the message.

Let’s practice!
Directions: Identify the kind of communication barrier exemplified by each description.
Tell whether it is Physiological, Psychological, Cultural, or Linguistic Barrier. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Activity 1
____________ 1. lack of confidence
____________ 2. connotative and denotative meaning
____________ 3. loud party
____________ 4. different races
____________ 5. poor lighting
____________ 6. lack of interest and attention
____________ 7. different views and opinions
____________ 8. using idiomatic expressions
____________ 9. information overload
____________ 10. feel frustrated

Activity 2
Directions: Explain why there is communication breakdown on the given situations. Again, write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Jay and Michelle started talking about their plans for Christmas Vacation when their classmate,
Moy, interrupted them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. “Mama, I will buy this cake for you. I am very sure that you will like its taste. It’s from our favorite
cake store!”
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. You spent the night thinking and analyzing why a student from another class talked to you on
your way home.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

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4. Livy encounters a participant who is very eager to share with others her views and opinions. She
does this without asking permission.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. In some Asian countries, direct eye contact is considered disrespectful and rude. In others, it is a
must.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

RECORDED ACTIVITY HIGHEST POSSIBLE SCORE 25 PTS

Enrich your knowledge!
Directions: During the pandemic, recall a past communication breakdown between
you and a family member or a friend. Remember the details and analyze the causes
of the communication breakdown.

1.1 Complete the table by answering the following questions:

a. Who were the persons involved?
b. What was the situation?
c. When did the communication breakdown happen?
d. What were the barriers to communication?
e. What happened due to the communication breakdown?

1.2 Identify the cause of the communication breakdown.

What was the cause of communication breakdown?

Reysa’s lack of attention caused the communication breakdown.

Now, do the following on your own. Interview someone in your home, school and community. Copy
the table on a separate sheet of paper and supply the needed information.

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 SCORING GUIDE:
Rubric for Evaluating Written Output

Legend: VGE- Very great extent, GE- great extent, SE- some extent, LE- little extent, N-not at all

Criteria VGE (5) GE (4) SE (3) LE (2) N (1)

1. The ideas in the
presentation are organized
2. There are sufficient
supporting ideas.
3. Biases are avoided.
4. Output is free from
grammatical mistakes.
5.Ideas are communicated
vividly and meaningfully.
Total
Grand Total /25

RECORDED ACTIVITY
For Online Activity Create a 5 Minute Vlog about communication breakdown. Be
sure that the definition and explanation why there is a communication breakdown
are evident in the video. Send the link of your presentation to your teacher.

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REFERENCES:
Flores, R. S. (2016). Oral Communication in Context. Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc. (RBSI).
Sipacio, P. J., & Balgos, A. R. (2016). Oral Communication in Context Textbook for Senior High School.
Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

ANSWER KEY

PRE-TEST
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. C

Let’s Practice
Activity 1
1. Psychological 6. Psychological
2. Linguistic 7. Cultural
3. Physiological 8. Linguistic Psychological
4. Cultural Barrier 9.Psychological
5. Physiological Barrier 10. Psychological

Activity 2
Answers may vary

PREPARED BY:
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ORAL COMMUNICATION TEACHERS
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