No.

9/1

Student Personal
Marker Code Identification Number (SPIN)

Pacific Senior Secondary Certificate

PHYSICS
2006
QUESTION and ANSWER BOOKLET
Time Allowed: 3 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS
1. In addition to this Question and Answer Booklet, you should also have a PHYSICS
EQUATIONS SHEET (No.9/2).

2. This paper consists of TWO Sections. Both sections are compulsory.

Suggested Time
SECTION A: 160 marks 135 minutes
• There are TEN Questions worth 16 marks each. Answer ALL questions.
• Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
• Where relevant, show calculations clearly.

SECTION B: 40 marks 45 minutes

• There are TWENTY Multiple Choice Questions worth 2 marks each.
• Write your answers on the FOLD-OUT FLAP at the back of this booklet.

3. Write your Student Personal Identification Number (SPIN) in the box above
and on the FOLD-OUT FLAP at the back.

4. Check that this Booklet contains pages 2-26 in the correct order and that none of these pages
is blank.

YOU MUST HAND THIS BOOKLET TO THE SUPERVISOR AT THE END OF

THE EXAMINATION.

TOTAL MARKS 200

 2

SECTION A
(160 marks)

ATTEMPT ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION.

Write the answer to each question in the spaces provided in this Booklet.
If you are unable to calculate a value for a question and need that value in a later question,
select a convenient value and use where needed.

QUESTION 1 (16 marks)

(a) The diagram below shows a beam of monochromatic light in the air striking the face of a
glass prism. Draw the path of the ray inside the prism and show the ray emerging into the
air again. The critical angle for glass is 42°.

450

Light Beam

450

(4 marks)

(b) An object 2 cm high is placed 12 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 4 cm.

Plane of mirror

By scale drawing or by calculation, find:

(i) The position of the image.

(3 marks)

P2
7
 3

(ii) The magnification of the image.

(2 marks)

(c) The diagram below represents a transverse wave moving towards the right. The frequency
of the wave is 3 Hz.
P

υ
2cm
8cm
A B F D E

(i) What is the amplitude of the wave?

Amplitude: __________________________
(1 mark)
(ii) What is the wavelength of the wave?

Wavelength:__________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) Calculate the speed of the wave.

Formula for speed of the wave : ________________________

(1 mark)

Speed of the wave: ____________________________

(2 marks)

(iv) How many waves are there in the diagram?

Number of waves:__________________________
(1 mark)

(v) What is the direction of movement of a particle ‘P’ on the wave, when the wave is
moving towards the right?

Direction of movement:__________________________________
(1 mark)

P2 + P3 = Q1
7 9 16
 4

QUESTION 2 (16 marks)

(a) Two wave pulses on a rope AB are traveling towards each other as shown.

A B

(i) Draw the shape of the rope with the resultant wave when the two pulses completely
overlap.

(2 marks)

(ii) Draw the shape and direction of the waves after they have passed each other.

(2 marks)

(b) The figure below shows the wave front pattern produced when two point sources S1 and S2
vibrate in water in a ripple tank. On the diagram, draw any two nodal lines i.e. lines of
cancellation (draw as solid lines) and any two antinodal lines (draw as broken lines).

S1 S2
(4 marks)

P4

8
 5

(c) Water waves of frequency 10 Hz approach at right angles a boundary between shallow and
deep water as shown in the figure below. The diagram is not drawn to scale.

Deep Water
Boundary

Shallow Water
20 cm

(i) What is the wavelength of the wave in shallow water?

(2 marks)
(ii) What is the distance travelled by the wave in one second?

(2 marks)
The wave now passes into deeper water where its speed is 60 cm/s.

(iii) What is the frequency of the wave in deep water?

(2 marks)
(iv) Calculate the wavelength of the wave in deep water.

(2 marks)

P4 P5
+ =
8 8 Q2 16
 6

QUESTION 3 (16 marks)

(a) A car travelling at 10 m/s accelerates uniformly at 2 m/s2.

(i) Find the velocity of the car after 6 seconds.

(2 marks)

(ii) Find the distance travelled in 6 seconds.

(2 marks)

(b) A motorcycle starting from rest accelerates uniformly to a speed of 15 m/s. During this
time, the motorcycle travels a distance of 60 m.

(i) Find the acceleration of the motorcycle.

(2 marks)

(ii) Find the time taken to travel the 60 m distance.

(2 marks)

P6

8
 7

(c) A box of mass 100 kg is pushed with two forces of 10 N each. The box moves
8 m horizontally.
10 N
8m
100 kg
10 N

(i) Calculate the work done on the box.

(2 marks)

(ii) The box was then lifted onto a truck 4 m above the ground level. What is the
gain in potential energy of the box? (g = 10 m/s2)

(2 marks)

(d) To reach his friend’s house, a boy walks 5 kilometres east and then 4 kilometres north.

Calculate the displacement of the boy (both magnitude and direction).

Magnitude of the displacement =

Direction of the displacement =

(4 marks)

P6 P7
+ = Q3
8 8 16
 8

QUESTION 4 (16 marks)

(a) (i) A truck of mass 4000 kg moving at 3.5 m/s collides with a stationary truck. The two
trucks move along together at 2 m/s. Find the mass of the stationary truck.

(4 marks)

(ii) A trolley of mass 6000 kg is pushed along a path and it accelerates at a rate of
2 m/s2. Calculate the magnitude of the force acting on the trolley.

(2 marks)

(b) A tennis ball is travelling at a velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 30° to the ground.

(i) Find the horizontal component of the ball’s velocity.

(2 marks)

P8

8
 9

(ii) Find the vertical component of the ball’s velocity.

.

(2 marks)

(c) Friction is a force which acts against the motion between two surfaces in contact.

(i) Give TWO useful effects of friction.

1. _______________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(ii) Give TWO undesirable effects of friction.

1. _______________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(iii) Suggest TWO ways of reducing friction in the moving parts of a machine.

1. _______________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

P8 P9

8 + 8 = Q4
16
 10

QUESTION 5 (16 marks)

(a) A car moves around a circular path of radius 50 m in a time of 20 seconds.

. 50m

car

(i) Calculate the speed of the car.

(2 marks)
(ii) Explain the effect of centripetal force on the car.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iii) What is the direction of the centripetal force acting on the car?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(iv) Find the acceleration of the car.

(4 marks)

P10

8
 11

(b) A tugboat of mass 480,000 kg is moving in water at a velocity of 2 m/s.

(i) What is the kinetic energy of the tugboat in kilojoules?

(3 marks)

(ii) If the speed of the same tugboat is doubled, find the ratio of the new kinetic
energy to the previous kinetic energy.

(3 marks)

(c) A stone of mass 10 kg falls from the top of a building to the ground 300 m below. If the
acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2, calculate the change in potential energy of the stone.

(2 marks)

P10 P11
+ = Q5
8 8 16
 12

QUESTION 6 (16 marks)

(a) (i) Explain what the specific heat capacity of a substance means.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
(4 marks)

(ii) What is the unit in which the specific heat capacity is measured?

Unit _______________________________
(2 marks)

(b) Petrol releases 43 kJ for each gram burned. 100 g of petrol is used to heat 20.5 kg of ice at
0°C. If all the energy released from the petrol is absorbed by the ice, calculate the mass of
ice that melted. The latent heat of water is 335 kJ kg-1.

(4 marks)

P12

10
 13

(c) A uniform narrow tube that contains dry air trapped by a 15 cm long bead of mercury is
shown in the diagrams below. The device is used to study the relationship between the
pressure and volume of a gas. There are two positions shown in the diagram. You may
assume that the temperature of the gas does not change during the operation.

Dry Air Dry Air

15 cm of mercury
15 cm of mercury
Fig A Fig B

(i) If the atmospheric pressure balances a column of mercury 76 cm long, determine the
pressure of the trapped air in figures A and B and the difference between the
two pressures. (Use cm of mercury.)

1. Pressure of dry air in Fig B = ______________________________

2. Pressure of dry air in Fig A = ______________________________

3. Pressure of dry air in Fig B – Pressure of dry air in Fig A = _____________

(3 marks)

(ii) State the relationship between pressure and volume of dry air in the above case,
when the temperature is constant.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(iii) What is the name of the law for the principle discussed in (ii) above?

_____________________________________________________
(1 mark)

P12 P13
10 + 6 = Q6 16
 14

QUESTION 7 (16 marks)

(a) A plastic bag is partially inflated to a volume of 200 cm3 at 27°C. The bag is then
warmed to a temperature of 57°C without changing the pressure.

(i) Express the following temperatures in Kelvin:

27°C

27°C = …………….K

57°C

57° C = …………. K

(2 marks)
(ii) Calculate the new volume of the air in the bag.

(3 marks)

(b) (i) A used container of fly spray still contains some fly spray in the form of gas at a
pressure of 1 atm. If the temperature of the container is raised from 300 K to 800 K,
calculate the new pressure in the container.
(Assume the volume of the container is constant.)

(2 marks)

(ii) If the volume of the container described in (b)(i) increases as it is heated, explain
what is likely to happen to the pressure inside.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

P14

9
 15

(c) The diagram below shows Young’s experiment, performed with monochromatic light of
wavelength λ. In the diagram (not to scale) A is equidistant from slits S1 and S2. P is a
λ
point such that PS1 – PS2 =
2

P
S2
Source of
Light d A
S1
L
Two Slits
Screen

(i) What would you expect to see at point A on the screen?

___________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(ii) What would you expect to see at point P?

____________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

(iii) Explain why the band at A is different from the band at P.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

(iv) If the distance between the slits S1 and S2 is d, the distance between the two slits
and the screen is L, and the distance between two bright bands is x, find an
expression for the distance between two successive bright bands on the screen.

(3 marks)

P14 P15
QUESTION 8 + = (16 marks)
9 7 Q7 16
 16

(a) The diagram below shows a segment from a conducting wire. A total charge of
60 coulombs passes a point in the wire in 6 seconds.

60 C in 6s

(i) Calculate the current through the wire.

(2 marks)

(ii) If a charge of 1 coulomb = 6 x 1018 electrons, how many electrons pass a point in
one second when there is a current flow of 2 amperes?

(2 marks)

(b) Give the names of the following symbols: Name

1. ________________________

2. ________________________

3. ________________________

4. ________________________

P16

4
5. ________________________
V
 17

6. ________________________

7. ________________________

8. ________________________

(8 marks)

(c) The diagram below shows a lamp connected to an electrical cell. Draw an ammeter and a
voltmeter on the circuit and mark the + and – terminals of the meters.

(4 marks)

P16 P17
+ 12 = Q8
4 16
 18

QUESTION 9 (16 marks)

(a) Refer to the circuit diagram below to answer the questions that follow.
V
6Ω
S
2Ω
12 Ω

12 V

(i) Calculate the effective resistance of the circuit.

(3 marks)
(ii) Determine the current flowing through the 2 Ω resistor.

(2 marks)
(iii) Determine the current flowing through the 6 Ω resistor.

(3 marks)

P18

8
 19

(iv) Calculate the reading of the voltmeter when the switch S is closed.

(2 marks)
(v) What is the amount of heat generated by the 2 Ω resistor in 5 seconds?

(2 marks)

(b) The diagram below shows the area of cross section of an electric conductor which is at
right angles to the page. A direct current flows out of the page. Draw THREE magnetic
lines of force around the conductor and indicate the direction of the field.

(4 marks)

P18 P19

8 + 8 = Q9 16
 20

QUESTION 10 (16 marks)

(a) Two parallel wires which are 1 m apart each carry a current of 0.5 A in the same direction.
What will be the force of attraction between them, if a length of 0.6 m is considered?
k = 2 NO-7 NA-2

(2 marks)

(b) A metal rod of length 0.5 m is pushed in a uniform magnetic field with a speed of 10 m/s.
If the ends of the rod are connected to a 2 Ω resistor, the value of the field is 0.2 T and the
field is at right angles to the rod and its direction.

υ
0.5m 10m/s
2Ω

(i) Calculate the induced voltage across the rod.

(2 marks)
(ii) Calculate the current that flows in the rod.

(2 marks)
(iii) Calculate the electric power in the circuit.

(2 marks)

P20

8
 21

(c) The diagram shows two charges of + 2 mC and + 3 mC separated by a distance of 0.5 m.
(Take k = 9 x 109 Nm2c-2)

A 0.5m B

+2mC +3mC

Calculate the force between the two charges.

(2 marks)
(d) A small electric charge of 2 x 10-9 C experiences a force of 1.5 x 10-4 NC-1 in an electric
field. Find the electric field strength.

(2 marks)
(e) The diagram below represents a step-down transformer.

VP VS
NP NS

(i) A transformer with 1200 turns in the primary coil is designed to step down a voltage
of 240 V AC to 12 V AC. Calculate the number of turns needed in the secondary
coil.

(2 marks)
(ii) Give TWO special features in the construction of the core of transformer whose
function is to reduce the eddy current.

1. __________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)

P20 P21

8 + 8 = Q10 16
 22

SECTION B
(40 marks)

On the FOLD OUT FLAP at the back of this booklet, write the letter that corresponds to the
answer which you consider is correct. An example is shown below. Check the question numbers
carefully. Each question is worth 2 marks.
Example:
If you consider B is correct, write it like this: B

To change your answer from B to C, cross out

B and write the new answer by the box like this: B C

1. The lunar eclipse (eclipse of the moon) happens when

A. the moon passes through the shadow of the earth.

B. the earth passes through the shadow of the moon.
C. the moon passes through the shadow of the sun.
D. the earth is in the shadow of the sun.

For questions 2 to 6 refer to the following information:

An object is moving along a straight line. The graph below shows its displacement from the
starting point as a function of time.

Various sections of the graph are identified by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Displacement
in meters
0 t (s)
2 4 6 8 10 12 14

-2

-4

1 2 3 4 5

2. The displacement of the object at the end of the first five seconds is

A. 0 metre.
B. 0.8 metre.
C. 1 metre.
D. 4 metres.
 23

3. Which section of the graph represents a constant velocity of -4 m/s?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5

4. What is the average speed over the first 5 seconds?

4 5
A. 0 m/s B. m/s C. m/s D. 4 m/s
5 4

5. What is the instantaneous speed at the end of 7 seconds?

4 7
A. m/s B. m/s C. 0 m/s D. 4 m/s
7 4

6. Which section of the graph represents a time during which the car is accelerating
positively?

A. 1, 5 B. 2 C. 1, 4, 5 D. None

For questions 7 and 8 refer to the following information:

In the diagram below P, Q, R and S are four possible positions of an object to be placed in front
of a convex lens. Point F is the principal focus of the lens.

S R Q P
F

f
2f

7. Which object position gives an image which is real, inverted and of the same size as the
object?

A. S B. R C. Q D. P

8. Which object position gives a real, inverted image which is smaller than the object?

A. S B. R C. Q D. P
 24

For questions 9 and 10 refer to the following information:

A uniform rod of negligible mass is pivoted at the mid-point. Various forces act on it as shown
in the figure below:
4 R 9N

4m
x

5 2m
7N
8

9. For the system to be in equilibrium the distance x must equal:

A. 2 m B. 3.5 m C. 4.5 m D. 3m

10. When the rod is in equilibrium, the size of the upward force R is:

A. 0 N B. 1N C. 2N D. 3N

For questions 11, 12 and 13 refer to the following diagram:

P 1Ω Q 2Ω R 3Ω S

6V

The above circuit diagram represents three resistors connected in series to a 6 V battery.

11. The current through the circuit is

A. 0 amperes.
B. 1 ampere.
C. 2 amperes.
D. 3 amperes.

12. The voltage drop across the 1 ohm resistor is

A. 1 V B. 2V C. 3V D. 6V

13. The power output of the above circuit is

A. 1 Watt B. 6 Watts C. 12 Watts D. 18 Watts

 25

For questions 14 and 15 refer to the following information:

The diagram below shows two identical insulated metal spheres A and B each carrying an
electric charge of ‘+q’ coulombs. They are separated by a distance of d metres.

A d metres B

+q +q

14. The type of force exerted by one charge on the other is

A. repulsion.
B. attraction.
C. translation.
D. neutral rotation.

15. If k is the proportionality constant, then Coulombs law is written as

A. F = ma

kq
B. F=
d
2
kq
C. F= 2
d
Gm1 m 2
D. F=
d2

16. A brown matured coconut has a mass of 2 kg and is hanging 25 metres above the ground.
What is its gravitational potential energy with respect to the ground?
(Take g = 10 m/s2)

A. 500 J B. 250 J C. 50 J D. 20 J

17. 200 ml of dry air in a fixed volume container has a temperature of 15°C and exerts a
pressure of 760 mm of Hg. If the container is heated to 50°C temperature, the new pressure
of air inside is closest to

A. 2533 mm of Hg
B. 852 mm of Hg
C. 678 mm of Hg
D. 228 mm of Hg
 26

18. The earth receives heat and light from the sun every day. The method of heat transmission
from the sun to the earth is known as

A. conduction.
B. convection.
C. diffusion.
D. radiation.

For questions 19 and 20 refer to the following information:

The decay curve of a radio-active isotope is shown below.

100

% sample
remaining
active 50

25

12.5

5 10 15 20 25
Time in Days

19. The half-life of this isotope is

A. 20 days B. 15 days C. 10 days D. 5 days

20. The percentage of the sample that remains after 10 days is

A. 12.5 % B. 25 % C. 50 % D. 60 %
 27

Student Personal Identification

Number (SPIN)
ANSWER SHEET FOR SECTION B

Write the letter of the correct answer only.

1. 11. For Candidates use

Number of extra sheets used.

Write NIL if there
2. 12. are none.

FOR MARKERS USE ONLY

3. 13.
Section A Marks

4. 14.
Q1 16

Q2 16
5. 15.
Q3 16
Check Question Number Check Question Number
Q4 16
6. 16.
Q5 16

7. 17. Q6 16

Q7 16
8. 18.
Q8 16
9. 19. Q9 16

Q 10 16
10. 20.

S/A 160

S/B 40
20
x 2 = S/B 40
TOTAL 200