I

I
I
I
I
I

P
P
P
P
P
P

N
A
D
N
N
A
D
N
N
A
D
N

G
G
G

M
M
M
M
M
M
SURDS

Types of surds Algebra of surds R.F. of a surd

Addition R.F. of a
monomial surd
Based on Terms Based on Order Subtraction
R.F. of a
Monomial surd Multiplication quadratic
Binomial surd
Simple surd Compound surd Quadratic surd Division
R.F. of a
cubic
Binomial surd Cubic surd Conjugate Binomial surd
surds
Pure surd Biquadratic surd R.F. of a
cubic
Trinomial surd
Trinomial surd
nth order surd
Mixed surd

Like surds
Square root Cube root of
of Binomial a Binomial
Unlike surds Quadratic surd Quadraatic surd
SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II

2 SURDS
AIM – 1

Ø Definition: Let 'a' be a positive rational number and 'n' be a positive integer ( ≠ 1) .
1
If n a or a n is not a rational number (irrational) , then n a is called a surd of order 'n' or nth order
surd.
M The other name of a 'surd' is 'radical'
M The symbol n is called a radical sign.
M 'n' is called the order of the surd.
M 'a' is called the radicand.
M n th
a can be read as " n root of a"
25
Example : 2 , 32 ,49, 10 , etc., are surds.
3
Note : 1) n n
a = a.
2) In general 2 a is written as a .
3) Every surd is an irrational number, but every irrational number need not be a surd.
Example : 2 is a surd as well as an irrational, but π is only an irrational, not a surd.
Ø Types of surds based on order
Quadratic surd : A surd of order two is called a quadratic surd.
Example : 2 , 3 , 5 etc.
Cubic surd : A surd of order three is called a cubic surd.
Example : 3 2, 3 20, 3 30 etc.
Biquadratic surd : A surd of order four is called a biquadratic surd.
Example : 4 3, 4 7, 4 10 , 4 9 etc.
Ø Types of surds based on terms
Simple surd or monomial surd : A surd consists of a single term is called a simple or monomial surd.
Example : 2 3, 3 4,53 9 , etc.
Pure Surd : A simple surd expressed in the form a n b , where a = 1 is called an entire surd or a pure surd.
Example : 7, 40, 3 10 4 27.....
Mixed Surd : Asimple surd which is not pure surd is called mixed surd.
Example : 2 3, 4 7 9, 6 9 18 .....
Compound surd: A surd conssisting of two or more terms is called a compound surd.
Example : 3 + 2, 2 − 3, 4 + 3 − 7, 5 + 7 − 3 4 , etc.

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS
Binomial surd : A compound surd consisting of two terms is called a binomial surd.
Example : 2 + 3, 2 − 7, 3 − 4 , etc.
Trinomial surd : A compound surd consisting of three terms is called a trinomial surd.
Example : 2 − 3 + 5, 3 + 10 + 3 20, 3 + 2 − 7 , etc.
Similar surds or like surds : If two surds are different multiples of the same simple surd, then they
are called the similar surds (or like surds) other wise, they are called dissimilar surds or unlike surds.
Example : i) 2 3, 3 3, 5 3 are similar surds.
ii) 2 3,2 5, 7 2 are dissimilar surds.
Note :
1) The product of two similar quadratic surds is a rational number.

( )( )
Example : 3 2 5 2 = (3 × 5) ( )
2 × 2 = 15 × 2 = 30 ∈ R
2) The quotient of two similar surds is a rational number
7
Example :7 3 4 ÷ 2 3 4 = ∈ R
2

CHALLENGERS
3 13
1. Write down the entire form of i) ii) 3x 2y iii) 25
12 5
20
2. Write down the simplest form of 4 .
1250
3. Write down the following surds as entire surds
23
i) 2 7 ii) 2 3 3 iii) 7 3 2 iv) 7
5
1 1
4. Find the value of +
2+ 3 2− 3
5. Write the smallest and greatest among i) 4
3, 3 2, 5 4 ii) 3
4, 3, 3 5 2

CLASS ROOM PACKAGE

PEARL PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :
1. Which of the following is a mixed surd [ ]
a) 3 16 b) 4 16 c) 4
8 d) 2 3 2

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
2. The simplest form of 3 162 is [ ]

a) 3 3 2 b) 3 3 6 c) 2 3 3 d) 3 6
3. The product of two similar quadratic surds is [ ]
a) rational b) a surd c) biquadratic surd d) cubic surd
4. The product of two similar cubic surds is [ ]
a) rational b) a surd c) biquadratic surd d) cubic surd
5. The product of two dissimilar surds is [ ]
a) rational b) a surd c) biquadratic surd d) cubic surd
6. The product of two dissimilar quadratic surds is [ ]
a) rational b) a surd c) biquadratic surd d) cubic surd
One or more than one correct answer type questions :
7. Which of the following is a surd [ ]

a) π b) 3
27 c) 10 d) 5
5
Integer type questions :

8. The simplest form of 4 112 is a 4 b , then a + b is ___________

EMERALD PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

( a + 1/ 2 )
2
9. + 3/ 4 is irrational if a is [ ]

a) any integer other than 0 b) any integer other than 0 and 1

c) any integer other than 1 and – 1 d) any integer other than 0 and – 1

10. If a + b = d + e , then [ ]
a) a = 0, b is dissimilar with d, e b) a ≠ 0, b is dissimilar with d, e
c) a = 0, b is similar with d, e d) a ≠ 0, b is similar with d, e

11. If the sum and product of surds a + b , c + d are both rational, then one of the conditions to be
satisfied is [ ]

a) a = c b) b= d c) a = d d) b = c
One or more than one correct answer type questions :
12. The quoitent of two similar surds is [ ]
a) rational b) surd c) real d) both b and c

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS
Passage type questions :
Passage : Let ‘a’ be a +ve rational number and n be a +ve integer ( ≠ 1) . If n
a is not a rational, then
n
a is called a surd of order n, a is radicand.

1
3
13. The order of surd a is
3 [ ]
a) 3 b) 9 c) 1 d) 8

14. The radicand of 6 5 8 is [ ]

a) 6 b) 8 c) 5 d) 2

15. The order of 7 8 is [ ]

a) 7 b) 8 c) 2 d) 1
Matrix Matching questions ?
Column - I Column - II
15 a b c d
16. 2+3 3 a) Binomial
16 a b c d
17. 3
5 b) Quadritic 17 a b c d
18 a b c d
18. 4
2+ 3 5+ 2 2 c) Trinomial

19. 3 d) Monomial

DIAMOND PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

20. If a, b, c are rational such that a + b 2 + c 3 = 0 , then [ ]

a) b = 0, c = 0 b) a = 0 c) a = b = c = 0 d) a = b = c = 1

21. If a, b, c are rational and a + b 2 + c 4 2 = 0 , then [ ]

a) a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0 b) a = 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0 c) a ≠ 0, b = 0, c = 0 d) a = 0, b = 0, c = 0
Integer type questions :

22. 3 3a ( a + 1) is a rational. If a is __________

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
AIM – 2
Ø Conjugate surds :
If the sum and the product of the binomial surds are rational number , then they are called conjugate
or complementary surds.
Example :
i) The conjugate of 3 + 2 is 3 – 2
i.e 3 + 2 +3 – 2 = 6 → rational number
(3 + 2 ) (3 –
2 ) = 9– 2 = 7 is rational number
ii) 7 + 2 and 7 − 2 are not conjugate surds because , 7 + 2 + 7 − 2 = 2 7 is an
irrational number
Note :
1) If a , b are two surds then there exist no rational number ‘c’ such that a =c+ b
2) If a , b are dissimilar surds, then there exists no surd of the form c such that a± b= c
3) If a + b = c + d where a, c are the rational numbers and b, d are the surds , then a = c
and b = d and hence a – b = c − d
Ø Rationalising factor (R.F) :
If the product of two surds is a rational number then each surd is called rationalising factor (R.F) of
the other.
Note :
1) Rationalising factor of a surd is not unique
2) A surd may have infinite number of rationalising factors
Example :: The rationalising factors of 3 are n × 3 , where n is any rational number
∴ 3 × n 3 = n × 3 = 3n
Here we can take any rational number
1) The R.F of a + b is a− b
2) The R.F of a − b is a+ b

3) The R.F of 3
a + 3
b is 3
a2 + 3
b2 − 3
ab

4) The R.F of 3
a − 3
b is 3
a2 + 3
b2 + 3
ab
5) The R.F of 4
a + 4
b is ( 4 a − 4 b ) ( a + b )
6) The R.F of 4
a − 4
b is ( 4 a + 4 b ) ( a + b )

7) The R.F of 5
a + 5 b is 5
a 4 − 5 a 3b + 5 a 2b 2 − 5 ab 3 + 5 b 4

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

8) The R.F of 5
a − 5 b is 5 a 4 + 5 a3b + 5 a 2b 2 + 5 ab3 + 5 b4

9) The R.F of 6
a + 6 b is ( 6 a − 6 b )( 3 a 2 + 3 b2 + 3 ab )

10) The R.F of 6

a − 6 b is ( 6 a + 6 b )( 3 a 2 + 3 b2 + 3 ab )
Ø General :
p q
i) Let the given surd be a– b
p q
Let a=x, b=y
a = xp , b = yq
Let n be the L.C.M of p and q so that xn , yn are both rational .
We have xn – yn = (x– y) (xn– 1 +xn– 2 y + x n– 3 y2 + .... + yn– 1) Hence the rationalising factor of
x – y is xn–1 + xn–1 y + ....+ y n– 1
p q
ii) Let the given surd be a+ b
Let p a = x, q b = y
a = xp, b= yq
Now n be the L.C.M of p and q so that x n , yn are both rational .
If n is odd, we have
xn + yn = (x + y) (xn–1 – xn–2 y + xn–3 y2 – ......+ yn–1)
Hence the rationalising factor of x + y is ( xn–1 – xn–2 y + xn–3 y2 – ...... + yn–1)
Note : If the four surds a + b + c , − a + b + c , a − b + c , a + b − c , then the
product of any three is the rationalising factor of fourth

Example :The rationalising factor of 2 + 3 + 5 is − 2 + 3 + 5 ( )( 2− 3+ 5 )( 2+ 3− 5 )

CHALLENGERS
1. Write down the following surds into the simplest form
i) 567 ii) 3
250 iii) 4 768
2. Rationalise the denominator of
1 4 7 +2 3 6 1
i) ii) iii) iv)
3− 2 3 5 2+7 3 3+ 2 − 5 2+ 3+ 5

3. i) Which of 15 − 14, 23 − 22 is smaller?

ii) Which of 3
4,45 , 4
7, 3
5 is smaller ?

4. Write the conjugate surd of i) 2+ 3 ii) 3 + 2 iii) 2 –1

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
5. Rationalise the denominator of
11 1 5+ 3 1
i) ii) iii) iv)
4− 5 2 3 −3 2 2+ 3 3
2 +1

6. 11 − 10, 12 − 11

7. i) If 8 − x = x − 4 , find x.

ii) If a + b = 2 + 3 find a2 −b .

iii) If 23 + x 10 = 18 + 5 ,find x.

iv) If 10 + 2 21 = 7 + x , find x.

CLASS ROOM PACKAGE

PEARL PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

1. If x = 3 + 2 2 then value of x2 – 6x + 1. [ ]
a) 0 b) 1 c) – 1 d) 2

æ 1 ö
2. A rationalising factor of 3
25 + çç 3 ÷÷÷ -1 is [ ]
çè 25 ø
1 1
a) 51 3 - 5-1 3 b) 51 3 + 5-1 3 c) 251 3 + 25-1 3 d) 25 3 − 25− 3

3. If a = 7 + 15, b = 7 , then [ ]
a) a < b b) a > b c) a £ b d) a ³ b

4. If a = 2, b = 3 3 + 2 2 , then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a £ b d) a ³ b
One or more than one correct answer type questions :

5. R.F of 3
3 is [ ]
a) 3
3 b) 3
9 c) 9 d) 3 3 9

EMERALD PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

6. If a = 15 + 11, b = 14 + 12 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

7. If a = 37 − 7, b = 43 − 13 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

8. If a = 17 − 16, b = 15 − 14 then [ ]
a) a > b b) a < b c) a = b d) a + b = 0

9. The geometric mean of 1 + 2 and 7 + 5 2 is a + b . Then a – b = [ ]

a) – 1 b) 1 c) 2 d) – 2
One or more than one correct answer type questions :
10. R.F of 9 + 2 is [ ]
a) 9 − 2 b) 2 −9 c) 18 − 2 2 d) 3 − 2
Integer type questions :

11. The conjugate of 3 + 5 is a + b 5 and a, b roots of the QE x2 – 2x – k = 0, then k is _________

Matrix Matching questions ?
Column - I Column - II
12. Simplest R.F of 125 a) 12 a b c d
5
13 a b c d
13. Simplest R.F of 3 16 b) 3
2
14 a b c d
14. R.F of 3
25 c) 3
5
15 a b c d
15. R.F of 32 d) 2

DIAMOND PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

16. The geometric mean of two surds is 1 and one of those surds is 2 + 3 . Then the other surds is
a) 1- 3 b) 1 + 3 c) 2 - 3 d) 3 + 2 [ ]

17. The geometric mean of 1 + 2 and 7 + 5 2 is [ ]

a) 1+ 2 2 b) 3 –3 2 c) 3 + 2 2 d) 1 − 2 2

18. The square root of 49 + 20 6 is [ ]

a) 3 + 3 5 b) 5 + 3 6 c) 5 + 2 6 d) 2 + 5 6
Integer type questions :

b − 5a
19. The entire form of 3 5 is b , then is ___________
7

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
Passage type questions :
Passage : The R.F of a + b is a− b

The R.F of a − b is a+ b

The R.F of 3
a + 3 b is 3
a 2 + 3 b 2 − 3 ab

20. The R.F of 5 3 − 3 2 is [ ]

a) 3 2 − 5 3 b) 5 3 + 3 2 c) 3− 2 d) −5 3 + 2

21. The R.F of 3 1 + 3 2 is [ ]

a) 1 + 3 4 − 3 2 b) 3
2 − 3 4 −1 c) 1 − 3 4 + 3 2 d) 3
4 − 3 2 −1
22. The R.F of 1 + 5 is [ ]
a) 1 − 5 b) −1 − 5 c) 1 + 5 d) 2 + 2 5

AIM – 3
Square root : If a,b , a 2 − b are positive rational numbers and b is a surd then

a+c a −c
i) a+ b = + where c = a2 − b
2 2

a+c a−c
ii) a− b = − where c = a2 − b
2 2
1 bd 1 bc
iii) If a + b + c + d = x + y + z then x = , y= ,
2 c 2 d
1 cd
z= and x + y + z = a
2 b
iv) a + b − c − d = x + y − z if x+ y> z

=– x − y + z if x+ y< z

Example 1 : Find the square root of 11 + 4 7 .

Solution : Let 11 + 4 7 = x + y
Squaring on both sides
11 + 4 7 = x + y + 2 xy
Equating the rational and irrational parts on both sides, we get
x + y = 11 ............ (1)

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS
and 2 xy = 4 7
⇒ 4 xy = 112

∴ ( x − y ) = ( x + y ) − 4 xy
2 2

= (11)2 − 112
=9
⇒ x − y = 3 ............ (2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get x = 7, y = 4

(
∴ 11 + 4 7 = ) 7+ 4= 7+2

Short method : 11 + 4 7 = ( 7 + 4) + 2 7×4

= ( 7+ 4 )2
= 7+ 4
= 7 +2.
Example 2 : Find the positive square root of 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 .

Solution : Let 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = x + y + z
squaring on both sides
10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = x + y + z + 2 xy + 2 yz + 2 zx
⇒ x + y + z = 10 ............(1) and

2 ( xy) = 2 6 ⇒ xy = 6 ............(i)

2 ( yz ) = 2 15 ⇒ yz = 15 ............(ii)

2 ( zx) = 2 10 ⇒ zx = 10

xy × yz 6 × 15
∴ =
zx 10

⇒ y2 = 9
⇒ y=3
from(i), x(3) = 6 ∴x=2
from(ii), 3z = 15 ∴z =5
Now, x + y + z = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10
since the values of x,y,z satisfying (1),

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II

∴ 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10 = 2 + 3 + 5 .

Short method : 10 + 2 6 + 2 15 + 2 10

= ( 2 + 3 + 5) + 2 2 ×3 + 2 3×5 + 2 5× 2

= ( 2+ 3+ 5 )2
= 2+ 3+ 5.

Example 3 : Find the fourth root of 28 − 16 3 .

Solution : Fourth root of 28 − 16 3 = 28 − 16 3

Now, 28 − 16 3 = 28 − 2 3 × 64

= 28 − 2 192

= (16 + 12) − 2 16 × 12

= ( 16 − 12 )2 = 16 − 12 = 4 − 2 3

∴ 28 − 16 13 = 4 − 2 3

= (3 + 1) − 2 3 ×1

( )
2
= 3− 1 = 3 −1.

Example 4 : If a > 0 , then find the value of a a a a............∞

Solution : Let x = a a a............∞

⇒ x = ax

⇒ x 2 = ax
⇒ x 2 − ax = 0
⇒ x ( x − a) = 0
x ≠ 0, x – a = 0
⇒x=a

∴ a a a.........∞ = a .
42 Varsity Education Management Pvt. Ltd.
MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

CHALLENGERS
1. Find the positive square root of

i) 16+ 2 55 ii) 3 + 5 iii) 6 – 11 iv) 28 – 10 3

3
v) ( x–1 ) + 2x2 − 7x − 4 vi) 23 2 –12 5.
2
1 1 2
2. Show that − − =0
12 − 140 8 − 60 10 + 84

3. Find the positive square root of i) 9 – 2 3–2 5 + 2 15 ii) 10 – 2 6 + 2 10 – 2 15

35
iii) 8 – 20 – 40 + 8 iv) –6 6 – 2 15 + 3 10
2
4. Find the positive square root of
i) 5+ 2 6 ii) 12+ 4 5
5. Find the positive square root of
i) 8 + 2 15 ii) 50 + 48
6. Find the positive square root of
i) x + y + z + 2 xy + zx

ii) a + a 2 − b 2

7. If a + b = 2 + 3 , then find a2 − b .

8. Find the value of 12 + 12 + 12 +.........∞ .

CLASS ROOM PACKAGE

PEARL PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :
1. If 0 < x < y, then the positive square root of x + y - 2 xy is [ ]

a) x + y b) x- y c) y- x d) - x - y

2. The positive square root of x + y + 2 xy , where x > 0, y > 0 is [ ]

1 1 1 1
a) x + y b) x - y c) + d) -
x y x y

3. If 19 - 4 x = 12 - 7 then x = [ ]
a) 84 b) 28 c) 21 d) 14

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
4. If x > 1, then 2 x + 2 x 2 -1 = [ ]

a) x -1 - x +1 b) x +1 + x -1 c) 1- x + x + 1 d) x +1 - x -1

5. 6 + 24 + 12 + 8 = [ ]
a) 2 + 3 -1 b) 2 + 3 +1 c) 2 - 3 -1 d) 3 +1- 2
One or more than one correct answer type questions :

6. If find the value of a a a a...... ∞ , ( a ≠ 0 ) [ ]

a) a b) 0 c) a d) a2
EMERALD PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

7. If x > 0, then x x x.........∞ = [ ]

x
a) x b) x 2 c) 2x d)
2

8. The value of 6 6 6 6 6 = [ ]
30 31 31 1
a) 4 31 b) 532 c) 6 32 d) 30 2

9. The positive square root of 32 − 24 is [ ]

a)2( 3 − 1)
4 b) 2( 2 − 1) 4 c) 2( 2 + 1) 4 d) 4
2( 2 − 3)
One or more than one correct answer type questions :

10. The position square root of x + y − 2 xy when x > 0, y > 0 [ ]

a) x− y b) x+ y c) y− x d) x − y
Integer type questions :

11. If a − b = 3 + 2 , then a 2 − b is __________

Matrix Matching questions :
Column - I Column - II
12 a b c d
12. 3+ 2 2 a) 6− 2
13 a b c d
13. 5+ 2 6 b) 10 − 2
14 a b c d
14. 12 − 2 20 c) 5+ 2 15 a c d
b
15. 8 − 2 12 d) 1 + 2

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS
DIAMOND PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

17. If x > 0 then x x x...n roots = [ ]

n
n
−1) / 2n 2 −1
a) x b) x2 c) x (2 d) x
2
18. = a + b , then find a + b.
2+ 3− 2− 3
Integer type questions :

19. If 8 − 2 x = 6 − 2 , the sum of the digits in x is ___________

Passage type questions :
a+c a−c
Passage : a+ b = + where c = a 2 − b
2 2

a+c a−c
a− b = − where c = a2 − b
2 2

20. 3 + 2 2 is [ ]

a) 2 +1 b) 2 −1 c) 1 − 2 d) 2+ 3

21. 19 − 4 21 = [ ]

a) 12 + 7 b) 7 − 12 c) 12 − 7 d) 3 − 7

22. 10 − 2 12 = a + b 3 , then 3
a − b is [ ]
a) 2 b) 7 c) 3 d) 1

AIM – 4
Ø Cube root :
a± b = x ± y ⇒ x + 3xy = a, x – y=
3 2
i) 3 3
a2 − b
ii) a ± b = x ± y and x ≤ 3
3

Case (i) : x = remainder of ‘a’ when divide by 3, if the remainder is non zero
a − x3
Case (ii) : x = 3 if the remainder is zero and y =
3x
Ø Fourth root : a+ b =
4
a+ b
One of the factors in the inner root must be a perfect square.

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
Some important points :

( ) ( )
x2 − k x2 − k
a+ b + a− b = 2a , a − b = 1 ⇒ x − k = 1 ⇒ x = ± k + 1
2 2
i)

1 + 1 + 4a
ii) a + a + ....∞ =
2
iii) a a a ....∞ = a
1
1−
iv) a a a....n times = a 2n

Example : Find the cube root of 37 + 30 3

Solution : Let 37 + 30 3 = x + y
3

By cubing on both sides, we get

 
3
37 + 30 3 = x + y

= x 3 + 3 x 2 y + 3 xy + y y =  x + 3 xy + y 3 x + y
3 2

By comparing rational parts on both sides, we get

x 3 + 3 xy = 37 ............ (1)

since 3
37 + 30 3 = x + y Û 3 37 - 30 3 = x - y

Now,  3
37 + 30 3  3
37 - 30 3 = x + y x - y    
Þ 3
1369 - 2700 = x 2 - y

Þ 3
-1331 = x - y
2

Þ –11 = x 2 - y
\ y = x 2 + 11 ............ (2)
Substituting (2) in (1), we get
x 3 + 3 x  x 2 + 11 = 37
Þ x 3 + 3 x 3 + 33 x = 37
Þ 4 x 3 + 33 x = 37
Þ x 4 x 2 + 33 = 1´ 37

which is true for x = 1

\ y = 1 + 11 = 12 [3 from (2)]
2

\ 3 37 + 30 3 = x + y

= 1 + 12 =1+2 3

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

CHALLENGERS
1. Find the cube root of
i) 10 + 6 3 ii) 11 2 + 9 3 .

2. i) Show that the geometric mean of 8 + 2 15 , 11 – 2 30 is ( 5 + 3)( 6 − 5)

ii) Show that the geometric mean of 1 + 2 , 7 + 5 2 is 3 + 2 2 .
3. Find the mean proportional between 5 − 2 and 11 5 + 17 2
4. Find the cube root of
i) 16 + 8 5 ii) 37 – 30 3

CLASS ROOM PACKAGE

PEARL PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

1. 3
7+5 2 = [ ]

a) 1 + 2 b) 1 + 3 c) 1- 2 d) 1- 3
Integer type questions :

2. If 6 + 6 + 6 + ..... = k , then k2 – 1 = ____________

EMERALD PACKAGE
Straight Objective type questions :

3. If x = 10 + 6 3 , then 3
x -1 is [ ]
a) a rational number b) an irrational number
c) 0 d) 2 - 3

4. If 3 a + b = 7 + 4 3 , then 3 a 2 - b = [ ]
a) 0 b) 1 c) –1 d) 7
One or more than one correct answer type questions :

( ) ( )
x2 −1 x2 − 3
5. If 2 + 3 + 2− 3 = 4 , then x is [ ]

a) 2 b) 2 c) − 2 d) – 2
Integer type questions :

6. If 6 − 6 − 6 − ...... = k , then 2k + 1 = ________

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
Matrix Matching questions :
Column - I Column - II
7 a b c d
7. 3
7 + 50 = a) 1 + 2 3 8 a b c d
9 a b c d
8. 3
10 + 2 27 = b) 1 + 2 2
10 a b c d
9. 3
25 + 2 242 = c) 1 + 3

10. 3
37 + 15 12 = d) 1 + 2

DIAMOND PACKAGE
11. Find the fourth root of
i) 28 – 16 3 ii) 56 – 24 5

12. If 3 15 3 - 26 = -x + y , then find ‘x + y’.

One or more than one correct answer type questions :

13. 3 3 3.... 6times = [ ]

65 1 1 63
a) 3 64 b) 31+ 26 c) 31− 26 d) 3 64
Passage type questions :
Passage :
3
a ± b = x ± y ⇒ x3 + 3xy = a, x2 – y = 3
a2 − b

14. If x = 45 + 29 2 , then 3
x − 3 is [ ]

a) 0 b) 2 c) 2 d) 3

15. 3
−26 + 15 3 = [ ]

a) 2 − 3 b) 2 + 3 c) 3−2 d) 2 −3

16. 3
37 + 30 3 − 3 37 − 30 3 = x 3 , then x is [ ]
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 4

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STUDENT PACKAGE
PEARL PACKAGE

3+ 6
*1. Simplify : i)
5 3 − 2 12 − 32 + 50

ii) (28 − 10 3)1/ 2 − (7 + 4 3) −1/ 2

1
2. If x3 = 26 + 15 3 , then show that x + x is a rational number .

*3. If x = 3 + 3 1/3 + 3 2/3 then show that x3 – 9x2 + 18 x – 12 = 0 .

4. 3
38 + 17 5 = [ ]

a) 1+ 5 b) 2+ 5 c) 1+ 2 5 d) 3 + 5

*5. The positive square root of 12 5 + 2 55 is [ ]

a) 4
3 ( )
13 + 1 b) 4
5 ( )
11 + 1 c) 4
2 ( )
14 + 1 d) 4
5 ( )
12 + 1

*6. The positive square root of 8 3 − 6 5 is [ ]

a) 5− 3 b) 3 ( 5− 3 ) c) 3
3 ( 5− 3 ) d) 4
3 ( 5− 3 )
7. 12 + 2 15 + 4 5 + 4 3 = [ ]

a) 2 + 3 + 2 b) 5 + 3 + 2 c) 2 + 5 + 3 d) 2 + 5 + 2

3
8. If x = 7 + 2 10 then x− = [ ]
x
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 2 2

2
9. If x = 8 − 2 15 , then x+ [ ]
x
a) 2 5 b) 2 3 c) 3 2 d) 5 2

10. If 6 + 24 + 12 + 8 = x + 3 + 1 , then x = [ ]
a) 2 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

11. If x = 2 + 21/ 3 + 2 2 / 3 then x3 – 6x2 + 6x – 2 = [ ]

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
12. If x = 3 + 31/ 3 + 32 / 3 then x3 – 9x2 + 18x + 12 = [ ]
a) 0 b) 12 c) 24 d) – 24
1
13. If x2 – 4x + 1 = 0, then x 2 − = [ ]
x2
a) 8 3 b) 8 + 3 c) 0 d) −8 3

a +b + a −b 1
14. If x = then x + = [ ]
a +b − a −b x
a b 2b 2a
a) b) c) d)
b a a b

3
15. If x = 7 + 2 10 , then x− is [ ]
x
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 2 2

16. a + x + 2ax + x2 = [ ]

a + x 
a)
x
2
+
2
b) x + 2 ax c)
1
2
 x + 2a + x  d) x+
1
2
 2a + x 

17. 13- 160 = [ ]

a) 2 2 - 5 b) 8 -5 c) 8 - 5 d) 2- 5

x 1
18. If x = 5 + 2 6 , then - = [ ]
2 2x
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

19. The positive square root of 6 - 12 - 24 + 8 is [ ]

a) -1 + 3 + 2 b) 1 - 3 + 2 c) 1 + 3 - 2 d) 1 + 3 + 2

3 1 + x - 1- x
20. If x = , then the value of = [ ]
2 1 + x + 1- x
a) 2 b) 6 c) 3 d) 1/ 3

5 - 21
21. If x = , then x2 + 1/x2 = [ ]
2
a) 25/2 b) 23 c) 27/2 d) 27

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

7+4 3
22. 4 = [ ]
4

3 -1
 3 +1  1
 
3 +1
a) 3 +1 b) c) d)
2
2

4 2 2
23. - - = [ ]
6 + 20 8 + 60 4 - 12
a) – 1 b) 0 c) 2 d) –2

7
24. = [ ]
16 + 6 7 - 16 - 6 7
a) 1 b) 2 c) 1/2 d) none

EMERALD PACKAGE
25. Find the positive square root of
i) 2x2 – y2 + 2x x2 − y 2 ii) 2x – 3 + 2 x2 − 3x + 2

iii) x + y + z + 2 yz + zx iv) 1+ x2 + 1 + x 2 + x 4

26. i) Find the mean proportional between 11 – 5 and 13 11 + 19 5 .

ii) If the arithmetic mean of two surds is 5 + 9 2 and one of them is 1+ 12 2 , find the square root
of the second surd.
(4 + 15) 3 / 2 + (4 − 15) 3/ 2 7
27. Show that : i) =
(6 + 35 ) − (6 − 35)
3/2 3/ 2
13

x 3 − 3 x + ( x 2 − 1) x 2 − 4 − 2 ( x + 1) x − 2
ii) 3 =
x − 3 x + ( x 2 − 1) x 2 − 4 + 2 ( x − 1) x + 2

7 7 1 1
28. Show that i) + =6 ii) + =4
3
45 − 29 2 3
45 + 29 2 3
26 + 15 3 7 − 48

2
30. = [ ]
3+ 5 − 3− 5
a) 1 b) 2 c) 5 d) 2 5
31. 3
20 + 14 2 − 3 −20 + 14 2 = [ ]

a) 2 b) 4 c) 2 d) 2 2

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II
2 1
32. − = [ ]
3
9 − 3 +1
3 3
9 + 3 3 +1
a) 1 b) – 1 c) 3
3 d) – 3 3

2 +1 1
33. If x = the x3 + 3 = [ ]
2 −1 x
a) 112 b) 192 c) 198 d) 216

34. 27 − 8 + 17 + 12 2 − 28 − 6 3 = [ ]
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

ADDITIONAL PACKAGE

1. Simplify : i) 6 − 7 + 27 + 4 35

ii) 12 − 68 + 48 2

2. Show that : i) 11 + 4 7 − 11 − 4 7 = 4

ii) 32 + 10 7 + 32 − 10 7 = 10

iii) 7 − 3 5 + 3+ 5 = 2 2

x2 + 1 + x2 − 1 x2 + 1 − x2 − 1
iv) + = 2 x2
x +1 − x −1
2 2
x +1 − x −1
2 2

3. If 18 − x 2 = 12 − 6, then find x .

1
12 + 2 11 = a + b
4. If , then find a + b.

1
5. If x = 7 + 4 3 , then find x + .
x

2 +1 2 −1
6. If x = ,y = , then find x + y.
2 −1 2 +1

7. If a, b, c are rational such that , a + b 2 + c 3 = 0 , then prove that a = 0, b = 0, c = 0.

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MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II SURDS

a + 2b + a − 2b
8. If x = , then show that bx2 –ax+ b = 0
a + 2b − a − 2b

7+ 4 3
9. If x = then show that x2 ( x – 14)2 = 1
7−4 3

10. If a1/3 + b 1/3 + c 1/3 = 0 then show that (a + b+ c)3 = 27abc

11. If a, b ,c are rational numbers and a+ b 2 + c 4 2 = 0 then show that a = b= c .

12. If a + b = c + d + e , then the surds d and e are [ ]

a) equal b) similar c) dissimilar d) none of these

13. If for the surds a , b , c , a + b = c , then a and b are [ ]

a) rational b) similar c) dissimilar d) conjugate surds

1
14. = [ ]
8
2+8 3

a) 31 8 - 21 8 31 4 + 21 4 31 2 + 21 2  b) 31 8 + 21 8 31 4 + 21 4 31 2 - 21 2 

c) 31 8 - 21 8 31 4 + 21 4 31 2 - 2 2

 d) 31 8 - 21 8 31 4 - 21 4 31 2 - 21 2 

15. The positive square root of 7 - 48 is [ ]

a) 4 + 3 b) 2 - 3 c) 2 + 3 d) 3-2

16. The positive square root of 11+ 112 is [ ]

a) 7+ 2 b) 7− 2 c) 7+2 d) 7 + 2

17. The square root of 14 – 8 3 is [ ]

a) 2 2 + 6 b) 2 2 − 6 c) 2 2 + 6 d) 8 + 6

18. If 32 - 24 = k  
3 -1 , then k = [ ]

a) 2 b) 4
2 c) 1 d) 8

19. If x +1 - x -1 = 1 , then x = [ ]
a) 5/2 b) 4/5 c) 5/4 d) 2

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SURDS MATHEMATICS - C3 - PART - II

26 -15 3
20. = [ ]
5 2 - 38 + 5 3

1 1
a) b) 3 c) 2 3 d)
3 2 3

1 3
21. − = [ ]
11 − 2 30 7 − 2 10

1 4 4 4
a) b) c) d)
8+ 4 3 8−4 3 8+ 4 3 8−4 3

1 1
22. − = [ ]
12 − 140 8 − 60

2 1 2
a) b) 0 c) d)
10 + 84 10 + 84 10 − 84

2− 3 2+ 3
23. − = [ ]
2+ 3 2− 3

a) −2 3 b) 2 5 c) 3 5 d) – 3 5

(28 − 10 3 ) − (7 + 4 3 )
1/ 2 −1/ 2
24. = [ ]

a) 3 b) 3 c) 1/3 d) 1/ 3

25. If 10 + 2 21 = 7 + x then x is [ ]
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

26. If 15 − x 14 = 8 − 7 , then x is [ ]
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

3
27. If x = 7 + 2 10 then x− is [ ]
x

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 2 2

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2
28. If x = 8 − 2 15 , then x+ is [ ]
x

a) 2 5 b) 2 3 c) 3 2 d) 5 2

29. 12 − 68 + 48 2 = [ ]

a) 3 − 2 b) 2 − 2 c) 2 − 3 d) 5 − 2

(2 + 3 ) ( )
3/ 2 3/ 2
30. + 2− 3 = [ ]
1
a) 6 b) 3 6 c) 3 + 6 d) 3

   
3/ 2 3/2
28. If 4 + 15 + 4 - 15 = x 10 then x is [ ]

a) 4 b) 5 c) 7 d) 10

( ) + (4 − )
1/ 3 1/ 3
29. If x = 4 + 15 15 then x3 – 3x is [ ]

a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 8

1
30. If x 3 = 26 + 15 3 , then x + is [ ]
x
a) a rational number b) an irrational number
c) a complex number d) Non real complex number

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