sold Ply Lid on 07 Feb 2005, 1 user person versed to Knight 1 AS 1289.5.8.9—1998 Australian Standard” Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 5.8.9: Soil compaction and density tests—Nuclear surface moisture-density gauges—Water content of a standard moisture block using comparison against primary blocks 1 SCOPE This Standard sets out the method for the determination of the assigned water content, by comparison against a set of primary moisture blocks of a standard moisture block, to be used for the calibration of the moisture mode of nuclear surface moisture-density gauges in accordance with AS 1289.5.8.4. The block shall consist of an array of alternate vertical aluminium or magnesium and polyethylene plates. The assignment of water content is made using comparison against a set of primary moisture blocks. Guidance on the number of blocks required for a set of standard moisture blocks is given in AS 1289.5.8.4. A separate assigned water content for a particular standard moisture block is required for each make of gauge and, in some cases, for different models of the same make, The determination of the assigned water content for a particular standard moisture block shall be completed within one year of commencement, and the value of the assigned water content for a particular gauge make, and model if necessary, cannot be calculated until all of the predicted water content values have been obtained, For any gauge, the determination of a predicted water content value for a standard moisture block is usually made during the calibration, but not as part of the calibration, of the gauge 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1289 Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes 1289,5.8.4 Method 5.8.4: Soil compaction and density tests—Nuelear surface moisturc- density gauges—Calibration using standard blocks 1289.5.8.7 Method 5.8.7; Soil compaction and density tests—Nuclear surface moisture- density gauges—Water content of a standard moisture block using hydrogen content of components 1289.5.8.8 Method 5.8.8: Soil compaction and density tests—Nuclear surface moisture: density gauges—Water content of a standard moisture block using proportion of water COPYRIGHTnce ony. Storage, distrbuton or use on network prohibit LUcensed to Knight Pesold Ply Lid on 07 Feb 2005.1 user person AS 1249.5 998 3. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The equipment used in this method utilizes radioactive materials which may be hazardous to health unless proper precautions are taken, Therefore, it is essential that operators receive instruction on potential hazards and precautions, together with routine safety procedures such as the use of personal radiation ‘monitors, source leak testing and use of radiation survey meters. Statutory regulations cover the use and transport of radioactive substances and users shall ensure that these regulations are complied with, for the State or Territory in which the gauge is to be used. 4 APPARATUS The following apparatus shall be used. (a) At least six individual nuclear surface moisture-density gauges of the same make and model. (6) For each gauge used, the manufacturer’s reference block that was used for standard counts during the calibration of the gauge, and the manufacturer's handbook (©) Primary standard moisture blocks set. The set shall consist of at least three blocks. as defined in AS 1289.5.8.4, with water contents assigned in accordance with AS 1289.5.8.7 or AS 1289.5.8.8. (@) Standard moisture block, as defined in AS 1289.5.8.4. (©) Thermometer covering a range of 0-S0°C, with an uncertainty not exceeding 0.5°C. SS PROCEDURE, 5.1 Preparation for calibration The blocks shall be stored under cover to protect them from the effects of weather. Before a determination of a predicted water content value using an individual nuclear gauge is commenced, ensure that the blocks to be used are sufficiently clear of other nuclear gauges or other sources of radiation so that there is no detectable effect on the counts displayed by the gauge. In buildings that are restricted in the available area, it may bbe necessary to provide shielding to achieve this requirement, ‘The location for the standard count determinations and the gauge function checks shall be at least | m from any vertical projection or any known neutron absorber or moderator. There shall be a minimum clearance of | m from any vertical projection that is above the level of the top of the blocks. Moisture blocks shall be situated at least 1 m from any significant source of hydrogen or any neutron absorber or moderator. Ensure that the gauges are in good working order. Check that the base of gauge, the manufacturer's reference blocks and the standard blocks are clean, 5.2. Determination of moisture data For cach nuclear gauge proceed as follows: (a) Perform gauge function checks in accordance with procedures specified for the gauge and record the results. If the results of these checks fail to comply with the specified requirements, the function checks shall be repeated. If the results of the second function checks fail to comply with the specified requirements, the gauge shall be withdrawn from service until the reason for the fault is determined and the fault rectified (b) Perform a standard count check in accordance with AS 1289.5.8.4. (c) Record an initial standard moisture count for the gauge on the manufacturer's reference block in accordance with the procedure specified by the manufacturer. Use a counting period of at least 4 min, ‘COPYRIGHTver licence ont. Storage, disibuton or use on network prohibit jesold Ply Ltd on 07 Feb 2008, 1 user persor LUcensed to Knight @ © o (C3) (hy 3 AS 1249.5, If applicable, fill the primary standard moisture blocks with water to the top of the vertical plates ensuring that entrapped air is removed. Leave the blocks for 30 min to allow the water temperature to become stable, Record the water temperature of cach block and determine the corresponding water density from Table 1 Place the gauge centrally on one of the primary standard moisture blocks and take two four-minute moisture counts, without moving the gauge. Repeat Step (c) using the other primary standard moisture blocks. Place the gauge centrally on the standard moisture block and take two four-minute counts, without moving the gauge Record a final standard moisture count for the gauge in accordance with and at the same location as Step (c). If this value falls outside the limits determined in accordance with AS 1289.5.8.4, the values determined at Steps (a) to (h) shall be rejected and the assignment shall not proceed until the reason for the standard count being outside the limits is determined and the fault rectified, ABLE 1 DENSITY OF WATER AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES °€ vim? °C mt 15 0.9991 23 0.9975 16 0.9989 24 0.9973 7 0.9988 2s 0.9970 18 0.9986 6 0.9968 19 0.9984 2 0.9965 20 0.9982 28 0.9962 2 0.9980 2 0.9989 2 0.9978 30 0.9986 6 CALCULATIONS 61 @) () © (d) © Predicted water content value Calculate the following, for each of the » gauges: ‘The mean of the initial and final standard moisture counts obtained at Clauses 5.2(¢) and (h) respectively. ‘The mean of the two moisture counts for each primary standard moisture block obtained at Clauses $.2(e) and (1). The moisture count ratio (MCR) for each primary standard moisture block by dividing each mean moisture count obtained at Step (b) by the mean standard moisture count obtained at Step (a). Confirm the assigned water content for each primary standard moisture block. If applicable, to correct for the water density at the temperature of test, multiply the assigned water content for the block by the water density determined at Clause 5.2(d), The moisture calibration constants for the gauge, using the calibration equation for the primary blocks in the form: W = d(MCR) +6, oF 601) MCR = F(W)+E, 6(2) copyRiGhTnce ony. Slorsge dstbution or use on network prohibit Licensed o Knight Pesold Ply Ltd on O7 Feb 2005.1 user pereor| AS 12895891998 4 a) ® (by where water content, in tonnes per cubic metre mean moisture count ratio moisture calibration constants for gauge i, where i = 1, 2... m when using the moisture intercept method or the moisture bias method, from the primary moisture block set, or ‘£, = moisture calibration constants for gauge i, where i= 1, 2... m, when using the moisture correction factor method, from the primary moisture block set Solve the equation for c, and d, or F, and £,, as appropriate, using the moisture count ratios and the assigned water contents for the primary standard moisture locks. The mean of the two moisture counts for the standard moisture block obtained at Clause 5.2(g) The moisture count ratio (MCR,) for the standard moisture block by dividing the mean moisture count obtained at Step (f) by the mean standard moisture count obtained at Step (a) The predicted water content for the standard moisture block, at the moisture count ratio determined at Step (g), using the following equation, as appropriate W, = d, (MCR) + ¢, or 6(3) 1 + m= } wrery { 64) where predicted water content for the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre, for gauge 7, where F= 1, 2 ane MCR, = moisture count ratio for the gauge i for the standard moisture block, determined at Step (2) c,d, = moisture calibration constants for gauge i, where = 1,2...” when using the moisture intercept method or the moisture bias method, from the primary moisture block set, or = moisture calibration constants for gauge i, where /= 1, 2... m when using the moisture correction factor method, from the primary moisture block set 6.2 Assigned water content for the standard moisture block Calculate the assigned water content of the standard moisture bloc for a particular make and model of gauge by obtaining the mean of the predicted water content values, using only results for gauges of the required make and model, using the following equation, Ew, Was = + (5) where WAS = assigned water content of the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre = predicted water content for the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre, for gauge i, where = 1,2... number of determinations of predicted moisture content using different gauges, at least six COPYRIGHTcerlcence only, Storage, dstrbution oF use on network prob LUcensed to Knight Plesold Pty Ltd on 07 Feb 2005, 1 user persor s AS 1289.59 1998 63. Uncertainty for the assigned water content Calculate the following: (2) The standard deviation of the assigned water content, in tonnes per cubic metre, using the following equation: Swas ~ 6(6) where Ses ~ Standard deviation of the assigned water content, in tonnes per cubic metre WAS = assigned water content of the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre predicted water content for the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre, for gauge i, where i= 1, 2 ue n= number of determinations of predicted moisture content using different gauges, at least six (b) The uncertainty for the assigned water content of the block, at 95% confidence, using the following: 6(7) where = uncertainty for assigned water content, in tonnes per cubic metre value from distribution # table for m ~ 1 degrees of freedom at a significance level of a, (at = 0.05 for 95% confidence) Sas standard deviation of the assigned water content, in tonnes per cubic metre Unasay ~ uncertainty for assigned water content of the éth primary standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre, as determined in accordance with AS 1289.5.8.7 or AS 1289.5.8.8 k number of primary standard moisture blocks n mumber of determinations of predicted moisture content using different gauges, at least six (©) The uncertainty for the assigned water content of the block, at 95% confidence, as a percentage of the assigned water content of the block, using the following equation: mas BU yas ~ MAS x 100 6(8) WAS where %Uyas = uncertainty for the assigned water content of the block, in percent Uras uncertainty for the assigned water content of the block, in tonnes per cubic metre WAS assigned water content of the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre ‘COPYRIGHTAS 1249.58.9— 1998 6 7 TEST REPORT The following shall be reported: (a) Identification and description of the standard moisture block. (b) Assigned water content of the standard moisture block, in tonnes per cubic metre, to the nearest 0,001 tm’. (©) The make and model of gauge for which the assigned water content is applicable. (d) The identification numbers of the nuclear gauges and the identification numbers of the calibration reports applicable to the determination. (©) Date of completion of the calibration, (Uncertainty of the assigned water content of the block, in tonnes per cubic metre, to the nearest 0.001 tim, and as a percentage of the assigned water content of the block to the nearest 0.1%. (g) The number of this Australian Standard, ic. AS 1289.5.8.9. nce ony. Storage, distbution ar use on network promiitr 5 Licensed to Knight Pesold Ply Ltd on 07 Feb 2005.1 user persor| COPYRIGHT1 NoTES yqoxd wonyeu vo osn 0 uonqusp ‘eBer0Ig UO eousD] Je vosied J08n 1 $002 494 10.00 PI A POssla WBN 01 pasUEDlerlicence only, Storage, ditrbuton or use on network poh Licensed to Knight Piesold Ply Ltd on 07 Feb 2005, 1 user person AS 1249.58.9— 1998 8 ‘This Ausvalian Standard was prepared by Commitee CE, Testing of Soils for Engineering Purposes. It was approved on {chal of the Council of Standard Ausraa'on 15 May 1998 and published on June 1998 ‘The following interests are represented on Commitie CEI Australian Geomechanics Society AUSTROADS Crushed Stone Astocston of Austalia Deparment of Industry, Spor and Tourism, Scone Services Laboratory, AGAL, Institution of Enginosrs,Ausratia National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia University of Sydney Review of Australian Standards, To keep abreast of progress in indusry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic ‘even end are hep 'up to date by the tsiue of amendments ot ew editions at necessary It important therefore tot ‘Standards ers ensure thar the are i possession ofthe lates edition. and any amendients thereto Pull details of al Australian Stondarde and reloted publications vil be found’ the Standards Australia Catelogue of Publications hi information ts supplemented each month b the magazine ‘The Ausiralian Standard” which subscribing ‘members receives and which gives detlls of mex publications. mew edit ond amendments ad of witrawn Standards ‘uggestions Jor improvemens te Australian Standards addested 10 the head office of Standards Austra are welcomed DNailcurion Of an inaccuracy or ambiguity fownd an darian Standard should be made without delay inorder tha the ‘marer may be ivestieatd ond appropriate acon soken Fst published as AS 1289.5.8.9- 1998, This Standard was issued n draft form for comment as DR 97121, (© Copyright ~ STANDARDS AUSTRALIA User of Standards are rominded that copyright subsists i all Standards Australia publications and software, Excopt where the CCopysigh Act allows and except where provald for bslow fo publications or software produced by Standards Awsiaia may be fepraduced, stored in a reval system m any form or tamsmited by any means without peor permistion io wig Tom SiSndards AusrivaPermsnion may be ondiuona on 20 appropriate royalty payment’ Requests for permission and Information fn commercial software royalties should be dicted te the bead ofice of Standards Australia Standards Australia will permit up w 10 percent of the technical coment pages of a Standard to be copied for ure ‘kclustvely uchouse by purchasers of the Standard withowt payment ofs royal or advice 1 Standards Aust. 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