Mind map by Brenda Elizabeth Jimenez Gonzalez

The received pronunciation: the

Spoken english presents a wide oxford english & bbc english are
variations in pronunciations the standard of british english

The general
american : the Pronunciation differences between
standard North american and british english
America

The general
australian :
Is the most heard in spoken in
tv series, american australia
films and national English language has a great and rich
diversity of varieties.
news.
 Pronunciation differences
between american and Pronounced as :
British british english `` retroflex approximant”.
english is Words such as: hurt, quarter,
non- rhotic four.
Rhotic accent

American American english he letter

english is ``r`` can be also pronounce in
Refers to the other 2 ways
rhotic manner the
Associated with letter ``r” is
Long vowels pronounced after the alveolar approximant ,
a vowel. in syllables-elisters, as :
red, camera.

the short sound schwa in words such as : later

the alveolar flap: words
such as parish["pæRIS]
Diphthongs ending by sound schwa as in here and there

The combination [jU], as in cure[kjUr], or pure[pjUr].

• After the short sound *U+, as in poor *pUr], moor

[mUr], or boor [bUr].
 Rhotic
accent

Is produced

When a word is is lost when the letter r does not

pronounced in belong to the same syllable.
isolation or at the example
end of a prosode
break ˈwɔtər ˈwɔtəri
ɪt wʌz ˈvɛri hɑrd
Change to ou:
Changes to /ou/and /ʌ/
in british english compost is • Change to /ʌ/ : hovel, hover, therefrom, wasn’t.
/ˈkɒm.pɒst/ but in american english it is
/ˈkɑːm.poʊst/.

Differences in vowel Change of

Change of [æ] British English prefers a short sound
pronunciation vowel as opposed to American English,
. Vowel [æ] becomes vowel [A:] in RP when: which prefers a long sound in all
cases.
Change of
diphthong Eg
to Got *gɒt+ *gɑːt+
British American Hot [hɒt] [hɑːt]
diphthong diphthong
In british english In american
is pronounced as english as an
Eg. *ˈkəʊkəʊ] – British /ˈkoʊ.koʊ/- American open back
an open back
rounded short unrounded
sound. long sound
 Differences in vowel
Change of [æ]
pronunciation
. Vowel [æ] becomes vowel [a:] in RP when:
Rules Exceptions:
Words pronounced crass, gas, lass, mass, astronaut,
with [æs] in GA but
is before sounds [s], [f], and [θ) as in: with [ɑ:s] in RP: brass,
etc
pɑːs, kɑːf class, glass,
and pɑːθ
Words pronounced with [æf]
in GA with [ɑ:f] in RP:calf,
dɑːns , rɑːnʧ graph, giraffe, half, etc
is followed by consonant clusters such as kɑːnt
[ns], [nt], [nÙ], and [mpl] , Words pronounced with Exceptions: hath, maths,
[æ θ] in GA with [ɑ: θ] in athlete.
RP: bath, lath, path.

Words pronounced with

[æmp] in GA with
[ɑ:mp] in RP: sample, Exceptions: trample, ample
example.
 before [u:] takes place in RP and GA in
Change from [ju:] to [u:] the so-called yod-dropping,
the following cases.

After the post-alveolar • After [r], as in Yod-dropping in

affricates [ʧ] and [ʤ) rude[ru:d], further cases
chew (ʧu) , juice (ʤus) prude[pru:d]

After [s] and [z] as in suit[su:t], Zeus[zu:s],

• After clusters formed
by a consonant After [l) as in lute[lu:t], and pollute (pəˈlut)
followed by [l], as in
blue[blu:], flu[flu:],
Especially in GA, after [t], as in tune[tu:n], stew[stu:],
[d], and [n student[" ˈstudənt ]
 Minor Changes
Changes of [i:] and
Change of [I] and [e]
[aI]

Change of [i:] in RP to
the pronunciation of lax [e] in GA.
vowel [I] in RP becomes As in:aesthetic ,
other vowels, mainly predecessor. Change of [e] in
diphthong [aI] and [ə] in the RP to [i:] in GA:
suffix cretin, depot,
-ization leisure.

For the change to in the suffix –ization in

[aI], we RP m is transform in The suffix
have:dynasty neutral vowel sound(ə), –ization result in the
(ˈdaɪnəsti) as in globalization pronunciation
(ˌɡləʊbᵊlaɪˈzeɪʃᵊn ) [zeɪʃən ] in GA , as in
globalization
(ɡloʊbəlɪˈzeɪʃən )
 the first vowel when words are linked together in a full prosodic u
being stressed
water What is this?["wʌ rIz"ðIz]
*ˈwɔːtə]

a glottalized stop [t? ].

alveolar flap ,
this allophone follows the
same rules as the glottal stop Pronunciation of Letter t in american english
does. glottal stop

aspirated sound [th ], de-aspirated sound [t]

is a voiceless sound produced by

the obstruction of the airflow in
the vocal tract
as in the second t in
tempting["t h emptIn], or
after [s] as in stop[stA:p

the first sound of a word As tempt·ing

*ˈtɛm(p)tɪŋ]
 Suffixes -ary, -ory, -berry, and -mony Change of Suffixes -ary, -ory, -berry, and -mony
in GA suffix –ory: GA prefers [ə :ri], as in Stress Suffixes –ary -ory in RP still keeps the pronunciation
suffixes -ary accusatory(əˈkjuzəˌtɔri) in RP the [əri]ças in accusatory(əˈkjuːzətəri), in RP
is -GA keeps the sound [ɔ:], as in pronunciatio drops the sound schwa when the
pronounced conservatory kənˈsɜrvətɔri (when the n -ary is [əri] preceding syllable is stress as in
French Loanwords
as [eri] as preceding syllable is stress) as in conservatory (kənˈsɜːvətri)
in: contrary Suffix -berry: In general, GA tends to imaginary Suffix berry in RP tends to either substitute
pronounce the full suffix as [beri]. Were adopted in [e] by schwa, yielding [əri]
Suffix -mony after a stressed syllable is pronounced english language Suffix -mony after a stressed syllable is [məni] in RP.
[moʊni] in GA

In GA French loanwords have a RP stresses an earlier

final-syllable stress . syllable
Ending
second-syllable -ate First-syllable stress in
stress in GA: second-syllable RP buffet, caffé,
buffet, café stress in RP. This chalet, chauffeur,
chalet, Ending includes dictate, cliché Second-syllable stress
chauffeur, cliché -ate donate, locate, in RP attach´e,
Most 2-syllable migrate consomm´e,
verbs ending in in RP has a first-
last-syllable stress d´ecollet´e, fiancé(e).
-ate have first- syllable stress
in GA: attach´e,
syllable stress in as in elongate, RP has last-syllable
consomm´e, GA a second-
GA , as :donate, remonstrate, are address,
d´ecollet´e, syllable
Common words and locate. tergiversate cigarette,
fiancé(e). stress, as in
where GA has a elongate, magazine
first-syllable stress remonstrate,
Are address, tergiversate
cigarette,
magazine