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IO Interfacing With 8086

The document discusses various methods of interfacing input and output devices with the 8086 microprocessor. It describes how I/O instructions like IN and OUT transfer data between devices and CPU registers. It also explains isolated and memory mapped I/O, input and output interfaces using tri-state buffers and latches, and handshaking techniques for synchronizing slower I/O devices with the faster CPU. The programmable peripheral interface IC 8255 is presented as a popular low-cost option for connecting multiple I/O ports.

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Aditya Bhowmik
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42 views23 pages

IO Interfacing With 8086

The document discusses various methods of interfacing input and output devices with the 8086 microprocessor. It describes how I/O instructions like IN and OUT transfer data between devices and CPU registers. It also explains isolated and memory mapped I/O, input and output interfaces using tri-state buffers and latches, and handshaking techniques for synchronizing slower I/O devices with the faster CPU. The programmable peripheral interface IC 8255 is presented as a popular low-cost option for connecting multiple I/O ports.

Uploaded by

Aditya Bhowmik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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I/O Interfacing with 8086 µP

I/O Instructions
• OUT : transfers information to I/O device
• IN: read information from I/O device

• Information are transferred between I/O


device and Accumulator (AL, AX or EAX)
EXAMPLES OF I/O Instructions
WHAT HAPPENS with Address
Decoding
• I/O address ( also called Port Number) appears on the
address bus.
• External I/O interface decodes the port number
decodes the code number (i.e. memory address)
• 8 bit fixed port number appears on the address bus in
lower bits (A7 - A0). Higher bits remain 00h
• DX appears on address connection A15 – A0
• First 256 I/0 addresses are accessible by fixed I/O
instruction
• 0100H-FFFFH is only accessed by variable I/O address.
INS and OUTS instructions
• INS and OUTS instructions address an I/O
device by using DX register.
• But they do not transfer data between
accumulator and the I/O device.
• Instead they transfer data between the
memory and I/O device.
Methods of interfacing I/O to

Interfacing
I/O

Memory
Isolated I/O
Mapped I/O
Isolated I/O
• Isolated: how the I/O locations are isolated
from the memory system in a separate I/O
address space.
Adv. and Disadv.
• As the ports are separate, the user can expand
the memory to its full size without using any
of memory space for I/O device.
• Disadv: must use IN, OUT, INS or OUTS
• Signals appeared on address bus select I/O
device.
Memory mapped I/O
Adv. And Disadv.
• It uses any instruction that transfers data
between the microprocessor and the memory
• I/O device is treated as a memory location in
the memory map
• Adv: any memory transfer function can be
used
• Disadv: reduces the amount of memory space.
The Basic Input Interface
Input interface
• TRI-State Buffers are used to construct 8 bit
input port (74LS 244)
• The outputs are connected to data bus.
• Microprocessor read the contents of eight
switches when SEL becomes logic 0. (active
low control of buffer)
• When 1 is placed buffer goes in high
impedance state
The basic output interface
Output interface: interfacing LED
• Octal Latch circuit 74LS 374 is used to
interface 8 LEDs
• Latch stores the number output by
microprocessor
• Latches are needed to hold the data because
when the microprocessor executes OUT
instruction the data are only present on the
data bus for less than 1 µs.
OUT instruction
• When the OUT instruction executes, the data
from AL, AX or EAX are transferred to the latch
via the data bus.
• D inputs from IC captures the output data
with activation of SEL signal to the CLK.
• Q outputs from IC are connected with LEDs.
• DATA are held until the next OUT instruction
executes.
Handshaking
• Many I/O devices accept or release
information much slower rate than the
microprocessor.
• Handshaking/Polling is a technique that
synchronizes the I/O device with the
microprocessor.
• Example: parallel printer printing few hundred
characters per second.
Connection pins for printer
Handshaking in printer
• ASCII data are placed on D7 –D0
• A pulse is then applied to STB (Strobe connection)
• Strobe Connection: In computer or memory, a strobe is a
signal that is sent that validates data or other signals on
adjacent parallel lines.
• Here the strobe signal clocks the data into the printer so that
they can be printed.
• As soon as the printer receives data, it places a logic 1 on the
BUSY pin. (guess why?)
• Microprocessor always checks whether printer is BUSY or
not. If BUSY it waits, otherwise it sends next ASCII character
to printer.
• The process of interrogating the printer here is handshaking.
A Single Pole Single Throw Switch
• Using pull up resistors
• OPEN- LOGIC 1
• CLOSE LOGIC 0

• BOUNCING: tendency of any two metal


contacts in electronic device to generate
multiple signals as the contacts close or open.
• Remedy: DEBOUNCING
OUTPUT
• Once the output currents are known, a device
can be interfaced to one of the outputs
Programmable Peripheral Interface
• Also known as 8255 IC
• It is a popular low cost interfacing component
• It consists of three 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports
i.e. PORT A, PORT B and PORT C. We can
assign different ports as input or output
functions.
PIN Diagram
Block Diagram

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