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Ansi/Ashrae/Iesna Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004

This document provides an overview of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004 (Standard 90.1), which establishes minimum requirements for energy-efficient design of buildings except low-rise residential buildings. It was developed jointly by ASHRAE and IESNA and involves many industry players. The document summarizes key aspects of Standard 90.1, including mandatory requirements, treatment of renovations/retrofits, simplified climate zones, administration/enforcement, envelope and mechanical system requirements, lighting/power provisions, and trade-off methods. Resources for training on Standard 90.1 are also listed.

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77 views

Ansi/Ashrae/Iesna Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004

This document provides an overview of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004 (Standard 90.1), which establishes minimum requirements for energy-efficient design of buildings except low-rise residential buildings. It was developed jointly by ASHRAE and IESNA and involves many industry players. The document summarizes key aspects of Standard 90.1, including mandatory requirements, treatment of renovations/retrofits, simplified climate zones, administration/enforcement, envelope and mechanical system requirements, lighting/power provisions, and trade-off methods. Resources for training on Standard 90.1 are also listed.

Uploaded by

Win San Htwe
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.

11999/2001/2004
Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings Larry Spielvogel, PE Past Chair

Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004
Developed jointly by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Developed under American National Standards Institute (ANSI) consensus guidelines

Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004
Team Effort All of the Major Players in the Design and Construction Industry Were Involved:
American Institute of Architects (AIA) Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) North American Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA)

Key Features of Standard 90.1-1999/2001/2004


Mandatory, enforceable language Based on economic analysis True prescriptive paths Extensive treatment of retrofits and renovations Explicit treatment of minimally conditioned buildings Simplified climate zones

Mandatory, Enforceable Language


Standard 90.1-1999 is a code-intended standard. As such, it is written in unambiguous language intended to allow a code official to say that complies or that doesnt There are no shoulds, coulds or shall consider phrases just lots of shalls

Based on Consistent Economic Criteria


While previous ASHRAE standards were based on professional judgment combined with analysis of energy and cost impacts, Standard 90.1-1999 is the first to attempt to use consistent economic criteria as the basis for requirements.

Renovations and Retrofits


Previous ASHRAE Standards were more or less silent on the concept. All standards were designed for new construction but what does that mean? ASHRAE worked with BOMA on Chapter 4 to develop detailed rules for how Standard 90.1-1999 should be applied to renovations and retrofits.

Minimally Conditioned Buildings


Buildings that are minimally conditioned or minimally used should not need as stringent energy requirements as buildings that are fully conditioned or fully used. Standard 90.1-1999 took a first step in dealing with minimally conditioned buildings in its semi-heated space envelope requirements.

Climate Zones
Use of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1999 requires the specification of only 2 parameters (HDD65 and CDD50) for envelope requirements and only 4 more parameters for mechanical system requirements. (3 design temps plus one more) Standard 90.1-2004 reduces climate tables from 26 to 8. All these parameters are listed for numerous locations in Appendix D.

Interpretations for Standard 90.1


Users Manual
Provides much of the background

Formal Interpretations
Formal written interpretations take time

Informal Interpretations
Quick, informal answers to questions

ASHRAE Manager of Standards (404)636-8400

Now A Look at Standard 90.1


Organization of Standard Administration and Enforcement Envelope Mechanical Lighting and Power Trade-offs

Organization of Standard 90.1


1 2 3 4 Purpose Scope Definitions Administration and Enforcement 5 Building Envelope 6 Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning 7 Service Water Heating 8 Power 9 Lighting 10 Other Equipment 11 Energy Cost Budget Method 12 Normative References

Appendices
NORMATIVE A Assembly U-, C-, and FFactor Determination B Building Envelope Criteria C Envelope Trade-Off Methodology D Climate Data INFORMATIVE E Informative References F Addenda Description Information G Performance Rating Method Items in red apply to Standard 90.1-2001 and 2004 only

Title and Purpose


Title: Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings Purpose: The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for the energy- efficient design of buildings except low-rise residential buildings.

Scope
Chapter 2 lists what types of construction and building systems fall within the standard and what types of construction and systems fall outside the standard. The point of this in codes is what is exempt?

Scope Exemptions
Single-family houses, multi-family structures of three stories or fewer above grade, manufactured houses (mobile homes), and manufactured houses (modular) Buildings that do not use either electricity or fossil fuel

More Scope Exemptions


Equipment and portions of building systems that use energy primarily to provide for industrial, manufacturing, or commercial purposes. Envelope may be exempt if building has small enough heating and cooling systems

Definitions
Chapter 3 provides over 11 pages of specifically defined terms, abbreviations, and acronyms These are definitions that are above and beyond ordinarily accepted meanings. Defined terms are noted in italics in the text of the standard.

Administration and Enforcement Requirements I


Chapter 4 covers compliance for new buildings, existing buildings, additions to existing buildings, alterations to existing buildings, and changes in space conditioning in existing buildings ALL of these events are meant to trigger the requirements of Standard 90.1

Administration and Enforcement Requirements II


To ensure that Standard 90.1 is not applied too zealously to situations where it is not appropriate, numerous cases are examined in this chapter and exceptions are granted where appropriate Example changing the refrigerant in existing equipment does not qualify as an alteration

Overview Standard 90.1 Envelope Requirements


Chapter 5 (Building Envelope) regulates the construction and performance of the exterior building envelope Chapter 5 explicitly does not address moisture control or provide guidance on moisture migration that may lead to condensation, mold, mildew, or insulation or equipment deterioration

Envelope Appendices
Chapter 5 (Building Envelope) is accompanied by 4 normative appendices
A default assemblies and U-, C-, and Ffactor calculations B the climate zone prescriptive tables C the envelope trade-off mechanism D the climate data

Envelope Key Concepts


Conditioned versus semi-heated versus unconditioned space Residential versus Nonresidential versus Semi-Heated space-conditioning category Assembly Climate

Overview Standard 90.1 Mechanical Requirements


Chapter 6 (Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning) regulates all mechanical equipment serving building HVAC needs and sets Federal minimum standards. Chapter 7 (Service Water Heating) regulates all SWH systems and equipment Chapter 10 (Other Equipment) regulates electric motors

Chapter 6 (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning)


Offers a simplified approach for small (less than 25,000 ft2), short (less than two stories) buildings with single zone HVAC This section parallels the development of small or simple building sections in each chapter of Standard 90.1

Chapter 6 (HVAC for Not-SoSimple Buildings) I


Requires load calculations Regulates equipment efficiency Requires controls
Zone thermostatic, off-hour, ventilation system, heat pump auxiliary heat, humidifier preheat, humidification and dehumidification, freeze protection and snow/ice melting systems, ventilation controls for high-occupancy areas

Chapter 6 (HVAC for Not-SoSimple Buildings) II


Regulates HVAC system construction and insulation
Duct and plenum insulation, piping insulation Duct and plenum leakage

Requires that construction documents and manuals be provided to the owner Requires system balancing in all buildings and commissioning in large buildings

Chapter 6 (HVAC for Not-SoSimple Buildings) III


Requires economizers (with lots of exceptions) Regulates simultaneous heating and cooling Regulates air system design and control Regulates hydronic system design and control Regulates heat rejection equipment Requires energy recovery (with exceptions) Regulates exhaust hoods Regulates radiant heating systems

Chapter 7 (Service Water Heating)


Requires load calculations Regulates equipment efficiency Requires SWH piping insulation Requires SWH temperature controls Requires pool heater shut-off controls, pool covers, and pool heater/pump shutoff controls Requires heat traps

Chapter 10 (Other Equipment)


Sole requirement is to require the use of motors that meet the requirements of the Energy Policy Act of 1992. Since this Act sets manufacturing standards for motors, all motors in the US meet this requirement. Requirements function is primarily to provide a motor baseline for the ECB trade-off

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Overview Std 90.1 Lighting and Power Requirements


Chapter 8 (Power) regulates voltage drop in feeders and branch circuits and requires that construction documents and manuals be provided to the owner Chapter 9 (Lighting) regulates the wattage of lighting installed inside or outside a building, how that lighting should be installed, and how it should be controlled.

Chapter 8 (Power)
Regulates voltage drop in feeders and branch circuits Requires construction drawing and manuals be supplied to owner Chapter was carefully constructed to regulate only aspects of building power systems that are NOT covered in electrical codes

Chapter 9 (Lighting) I
Requires interior lighting controls Requires tandem wiring of ballasts Regulates exit signs Defines installed interior lighting power Defines luminaire wattage Regulates exterior lighting efficacy

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Chapter 9 (Lighting) II
Provides two options for regulating interior lighting power
Building Area Method Space-By-Space Method

Provides additional interior lighting power allowances for specific situations

Standard 90.1 Tradeoffs ENVSTD and ECB


These are the only two formal tradeoffs within Standard 90.1
ENVelope STanDard for tradeoffs among envelope components Energy Cost Budget for whole building tradeoffs

Less formally, lighting power may be traded off within spaces in a building

Training Resources
ASHRAE Chapters ASHRAE Learning Institute Courses ASHRAEs website www.ashrae.org
Interpretations, addenda, errata, mailing lists, videos, free viewing

DOEs code website www.energycodes.gov


Presentations, status of states, code comparisons, simplified compliance materials (maps, guides, software), videos

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Federal Energy Policy Act


Certify Compliance Deadline July 15, 2004 Comparisons with IECC Use of COMCheck EZ

Questions?

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