Exercises

Lesson 1: Introduction to Functions

1. Consider the circles whose equations are given below. For each circle, find
i. the coordinates of the centre.

ii. the radius.

iii. the coordinates of the endpoints of the vertical diameter.

iv. the coordinates of the endpoints of the horizontal diameter.

a. (x + 1) 2
+ (y − 3)
2
= 49 b. x
2
+ (y + 5)
2
= 121 c. (x − 7) 2
+ y
2
= 81

2. a. A circle has diameter with endpoints A(8, 2) and B(−6, 2). Find the equation of
this circle.

b. Find the equation of the circle that has centre O(−1, 1) and passes through 
P (3, −2) .

3. Determine a set of ordered pairs, each in terms of h, k, and r, containing four points
that are on the graph of the relation (x − h) 2
+ (y − k)
2
= r
2
.

4. Determine, with justfication, whether each relation is a function.

a. {(1, 2),  (2, 4),  (5, 6),  (14, 7)}

b.
 c.

d. x 2
+ y
2
= 25

e. y = (x − 2)
2
+ 3

5. Given the mapping notation f : x → 2x

2
+ x + 1 , determine the output, y , when the
input is x = −3 .

6. Given the mapping notation g : x → x

2
+ 1 , determine the possible inputs, x, when
the output is y = 10 .

7. The area of a circle is given by A = πr

2
 where r is the radius.
a. Is the relation that takes radius as the input and gives area as the output a
function? Explain your answer.

b. Determine the area of a circle that has a radius of 4  cm.

c. Determine the radius of a circle that has area 49π m2.

8. Two familiar units for measuring temperature are degrees Celsius ( C) and degrees
∘

Fahrenheit ( F). A third unit, perhaps less familiar but widely used in scientific
∘

applications, is Kelvin (K).

Let g  be the function that maps degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit.
Let h be the function that maps Kelvin to degrees Celsius.
Then,
 9
g : C → C + 32 , and
5

h : K → K − 273.15 .

Determine the mapping notation for the function, f , that maps Kelvin to
degrees Fahrenheit.

Lesson 2: Function Notation

1. The graph shows the function f .

Expand/Collapse Alternative Format for Question 1

a. Find the values of f (−2) , f (2), and f (70).

b. Find the value of x such that f (x) = 3 .

c. Find all possible values of x such that f (x) = 0 .

2. A function, h, has mapping diagram as shown.

 a. Find h(4).

b. Find h(1) + 2h(0).

c. Find h(h(3)) .

d. Find a value of p such that h(p) = −5 .

3. Given f (x) = 3x + 2  and g(x) = −5x − 1 , find the following.

a. f (3)

b. g(0)

c. g(x + h)

d. 3f (2) − 4g(−1)

e. All x such that g(x) = 3

4. Given f (x) = 3x
2
− 12  and g(x) 2
= x + 4x + 3 , find the following.
a. 2f (−2) − 3g(0)

b. f (a + 2)

c. g(x + h)

d. x, when g(x) = 0 .

5. Isha has developed a cellphone app that she hopes to sell. A website will initially charge
her $300  to list the app for sale on the site, but will pay her $1.50 for each app that is
sold.
The profit that Isha will make can be modelled by the function
P (x) = 1.5x − 300
 where x is the number of apps sold.

a. How many apps must be sold so that Isha can recover the initial cost of $300 ?

b. If she sells 1000  apps, how much profit will she make?

c. She is hoping to sell 100  apps per week. How many weeks will it take to earn a
profit of $5000?

6. Determine the equation of the given linear functions.

a.

b. x f (x)

0 4

5 14

10 24

15 34

20 44

7. Given f (x) = x
2
+ x , find each of the following.
a. f (a)

b. f (b)

c. f (a) + f (b)
 d. f (a + b)

e. What conclusion can be drawn about f (a) + f (b) and f (a + b) ?

8. Determine an equation of the given quadratic functions.

a.

b. x f (x)

–
3 − 2√ 5 0

4 5

–
3 + 2√ 5 0

c. The quadratic function, f (x), passing through (−4, 7) and (6, 7)  with one of the
zeros at x = 10 .

1
9. The volume of water in a storage tank is given by V (t) =
2
t − 6t + 100 , where t is
3

the time measured in hours. 

a. Determine V (0) and V (24) .

b. Determine r ≠ 0  such that V (r) = V (0) .

c. Determine the time when the volume of the water in the tank is a minimum.

10. Given f (x) = x  and g(x) = x

2
+ bx + 9 , find b such that y = f (x)  and 
y = g(x)  meet at exactly one point.
 Lesson 3: Domain and Range

1. Write the following using set notation.

a. The set of all natural numbers that are greater than or equal to 4 .

b. The set of all real numbers that are greater than or equal to −3 and less than 7 .

2. Determine the domain and range of the following functions.

a. {(−2, 3),  (3, 4),  (8, 5),  (12, 6)}

b.

c.
 d.

e.

f.

3. Determine the domain and range of the following linear relations.

a. y = x + 4

b. y = 5

c. x = 7

4. Consider the linear function f (x) .

= −x + 2
 a. If the domain of this function is R, determine the range.

b. If the domain of this function is W, determine the range.

c. If the domain of this function is restricted to {x ∈ R ∣ x < −1} , determine the
range.

d. If the range of this function is {y ∈ R ∣ y ≤ 4} , determine the domain.

5. Determine the domain and range of the following quadratic functions.

a. y = (x − 4)
2
+ 5

b. y = −(x − 1)
2
− 3

c. y = (x − 4)(x + 2)

d. y = −2(x + 1)(x − 1)

6. a. Determine the vertex of f (x) = x

2
+ 10x + 16  using the indicated method.
i. Factoring.

ii. Completing the square.

iii. Using the vertex formula.

iv. Partial factoring.

b. State the range.

7. Consider the quadratic function f (x) = 2x

2
+ 3 .
a. Determine the domain and range.

b. If the domain is restricted to {x ∈ R ∣ x ≥ −2} , determine the range.

c. If the domain is restricted to {x ∈ R ∣ x ≤ −2} , determine the range.

8. In a compressor, the pressure of air, measured in pounds per square inch (psi), is given
by the function
25
2
P (t) = t − 25t + 100
8

where t is the time the compressor is running, in minutes.

 While the compressor is being used, the pressure of air inside the compressor
decreases. Once the compressor stops being used, the pressure of air inside the
compressor increases until it reaches 250  psi, at which time the compressor stops
25
running. The function P (t) =
2
t − 25t + 100  describes the pressure in the
8

compressor from t = 0  until the compressor stops running.

a. Determine P (0) and P (2).

b. At what time is the pressure the lowest? What is the lowest pressure?

c. At what time does the pressure reach 250  psi?

d. Determine the domain of P (t).

e. Determine the range of P (t).

f. Sketch a graph of this function.

9. Recall that the square root of a negative value is not a real number.
a. Determine the domain of f (x) −
−
= √x .
−−−−
b. Determine the domain of g(x) = √x − 5 .
−−−−−− −−−−−
c. Determine the domain of h(x) = √(x − 5)(x − 1) . (Hint: When using set
notation, the word 'or' can be used to indicate that either of two conditions can
be satisfied for an element to be part of the set).

Lesson 4: Domain and Range of Two New Functions

1. Determine the domain and range for each function.

−−−− −−−− −−−− −
a. f (x) = √x − 5 b. g(x) = √1 − x c. h(x) = −3√ 2x + 1 − 9

2. The cost, C (p), in dollars, to manufacture an automobile part is given by 

−−−−− −
C (p) = √3p − 15 + 2 , where p is the retail price in dollars.
a. For the function C (p), as p increases so does C (p). Give one reason why this
is reasonable.
 b. Determine the domain.

c. Determine the range.

d. If the retail price is $8, what is the cost to manufacture the part?

e. If the cost to manufacture the part is $10 , what will be the retail price?

f. Studies show that the maximum viable retail price for this part is $53 . State the
new domain and range of this function. 

3. The right angle triangle shown has a hypotenuse of 10 cm and a horizontal leg length
of x cm.

Let f (x) be the length of the vertical leg.

a. Determine an expression for f (x).

b. Determine the domain and range of f (x) and interpret these values in the
context of the given triangle.

4. Determine the domain and range of each function.

4 3 −2
a. f (x) = + 1 b. g(x) = − 6 c. h(x) = − 8
3x − 9 5 − x 5x − 100

5. Determine the domain of each function.

2 −5 −1
a. f (x) =
2
b. g(x) =
2
+ 3 c. h(x) =
2
− 7
x + x − 12 x + 4 x − 36

−3
6. Determine the domain and range of f (x) =
−−−−
+ 4 .
√x + 5

7. Determine the domain of each function.

−−−−− −−−−−
a. f (x) 2
= √x − 9 b. g(x) 2
= √x + 9

1
8. Determine the domain of f (x) =
−−− −−−−−−
.
2
√ x + 4x + 3