Paint application

Brush, roller and spray

1-brush application
Advantage disadvantage
-environmental friendly -slow
-less waste material -labour intensive
-no spotting or overspray -produce coating of uneven thickness.

-most common being the flat brush is called tar brush.

-the quality of brush depend on type of bristle or filling used natural bristle has a
scaly surface
-synthetic fibers have smooth surface and are of a uniform thickness for the full
length.
-used to apply a stripe coats and narrow areas.

2-roller application

-roller available in several materials mohair, lamb's wool an and sponge and several
different designs: jumbo roller for large area.
-radiator roller for confined spaced.
-pressure fed rollers to avoid recharging and extension rollers which increase access.
-curved roller is supplied for pipe work.
-they all have the same advantages and disadvantages , they enable paint to applied
quickly but don not give a uniform coating thickness and leave a distinct pattern not
suitable in internal corner ,welds ,toes ,bolts and plates over laps.
Not recommended in PA10 at all

Spray application :
1-conventional spray
2-airless spray
3-electrostatic spray

1-conventional spray: are three types

1 Suction feed
The paint container is underneath the gun, usually aluminum about one liter capacity, and
the paint is drawn up by venturi principle to the gun.

2 Gravity feed
The paint container is above the gun and paint feeds to the gun by gravity

3 remote pressure pot:

 air from a compressor is fed into the top of the pot and the paint is forced out through
the line of the gun.
-at the gun when the trigger is operated a tapered needle is drawn back opening the
aperture out of which the paint exists in a continual stream approximately 25 mm in
front of aperture two air channels and this convergence the paint is atomized into
very minute droplets and conducted on to the work piece.

Airless spray
- Paint is pressurized by means of a pump. Electric motor pumps and hydraulic pumps
are sometimes used but the most common is the pump operated by compressed air.
These units operate by increasing the compressed air inlet pressure by a stated ratio,
e.g. 35:1.
-if an air driven piston has a surface area of 35 Square inches and is exposed to a
pressure of 100 psi, a piston at the other end of the shaft with a surface area of one
square inch will exert a pressure of 3500 psi.
-if 35 sq.inch. piston pressured force with 100 psi
-the resulting outlet p = 3500 psi
-outlet pressure : area of huge piston *inlet pressure
-airless ratio :percent of huge piston surface to small piston surface area.
-Blockages can then be cleared by turning the tip through 180o
- A type of airless spray tip exists with an adjustable aperture size, called a Titan Tip.

- Pigments and extenders, especially MIO and metallic pigments can be quite abrasive
and the tips are subject to wear. Some are sleeved with tungsten carbide to give a
longer life.

Paint Type Tip Size Pressure PSI

Chlorinated Rubber 13 – 21 thou" 2400

High Build Epoxy 17 – 23 thou" 3000

Zinc Rich Epoxy 17 – 23 thou" 2800

 Notable differences

Comparison Conventional Airless

Applic. rate Slow application due to fluid delivery. Excellent application rates.

Used pressure Low air pressure 40 – 75 PSI Can need 100 PSI to operate the pump.

Deliv. pressure Delivery pressure greater than 20 PSI Delivery pressures greater than 6000 PSI,
dependant on pump ratio.

Paint container Need special paint containers. Uses manufacturer’s containers.

Hoses Guns can be unwieldy, two lines to Single line supplies pressurised paint.
supply the gun.

Maintenance Basic equipment needs very little Needs more maintenance due to high pressure
maintenance. and moving parts.

Cleaning Easier to clean after use. Equipment needs flushing well to remove all
traces of paint. Expensive replacement.

Safety considerations

 Always observe manufacturers recommendations.

 Wear recommended safety equipment.
 Always depressurize the system before even minor maintenance.
 Regularly check fluid lines for wear and leaks.
 Ensure that swivels and couplings are properly tightened.
 Always engage the safety catch when the gun is not in use.
 Never point the spray gun at yourself or other people.

Electro-static spray

-Both liquid and powder paints can be electro-statically applied. For liquid paints a small air
driven turbine is mounted on the gun and supplies a current to the tip. The current is
usually on a thumb control for adjustment and operates in the region of 85 kv. Powder
paints in general are charged electro-statically by spraying the powder through an area of p

-used only for metals cannot used with any nonconductive substrate.

-the voltage can control the thickness especially when using powder coating.

-wastage is significantly reduced and it produced and it produce more uniform coating.

-electrostatic application is widely used in industry for components such as kitchen a white
goods, office cabinets and line pipes.

Other paint application methods:

1-Dip coating: a component in dipped into paint and hung to dry

2-Aersols: pressured cans operated by push buttons car paints touch up kits among other
used.