Work at Height procedure

Document Revision 00
No. CWP-CHEC-JAC-HSE-PRO-

CONSOLIDATION WORKS OF FIRST AND SECOND

CONTAINER TERMINALS KING ABDULAZIZ PORT
IN DAMMAM

WORK AT HEIGHT PROCEDURE

Shamsuddin Tong Lin Shi Lan Issued for

00 23.Jul .23
Approval

Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By

Rev No. Date Remarks
Safety Engineer Safety Supervisor Safety Manager

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acronyms/Abbreviations and Definitions .................................................................................................... 4
1. GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2. PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3. SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 7
4. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................... 7
5. RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................................................................................... 7
5.1 Project Manager ..................................................................................................................................... 7
5.2 HSE Manager ........................................................................................................................................... 8
5.3 Construction/Site Manager..................................................................................................................... 8
5.4 Supervisor/ Engineer............................................................................................................................... 9
5.5 Scaffold Erector ....................................................................................................................................... 9
5.6 Scaffold inspector (Competent Person) ................................................................................................ 10
5.7 Sub-contractor ...................................................................................................................................... 11
5.8 Employees/Scaffold User. ..................................................................................................................... 11
6. PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................................................... 12
6.1 HIRA and Method Statement. ............................................................................................................... 12
6.2 Hierarchy of Control.............................................................................................................................. 12
6.3 Preventing Injuries from Falling Object ................................................................................................ 12
6.4 Emergency and Rescue Planning .......................................................................................................... 13
6.5 PPE for Working at Height .................................................................................................................... 13
6.6 Selecting Equipment ............................................................................................................................. 14
6.7 Selecting Personnel for Work at Height................................................................................................ 14
6.8 Public Protection ................................................................................................................................... 14
6.9 Danger Areas ......................................................................................................................................... 15
6.10 Specific requirements for work at height equipment........................................................................... 15
6.11 Working Platforms ................................................................................................................................ 20
7. FLOOR AND WALL OPENING.......................................................................................................... 23
8. WORKING ON ROOF ..................................................................................................................... 24
8.1 Risk Management ................................................................................................................................. 25
8.1.1 Hierarchy of Control.......................................................................................................................... 25

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 8.1.2 Risk assessment and control measures ............................................................................................ 25
8.1.3 Monitor and review risk assessments and control measures .......................................................... 25
8.2 Preparing for work to commence ......................................................................................................... 26
8.3 Access to the Roof................................................................................................................................. 27
8.4 Edge Protection..................................................................................................................................... 27
8.5 Work Platforms ..................................................................................................................................... 27
8.6 Fall Mitigation ....................................................................................................................................... 27
9. BARRICADES ................................................................................................................................. 27
10. EMERGENCY RESPONSE ................................................................................................................ 28
11. INSPECTION AND TRAINING .......................................................................................................... 29
12. APPENDIX D WORKING AT HEIGHT PERMIT ................................................................................... 30
13. WORKING PLATFORMS INSPECTION REPORT ................................................................................. 32
14. LIGHTWEIGHT STAGING, TRESTLES, STEPS & LADDERS INSPECTION REPORT ................................... 33
15. FALL ARREST & WORK RESTRAINT SYSTEMS, NETS & ROPE ACCESS INSPECTION REPORT ................ 34
16. ROOFING, FRAGILE SURFACES & OPENINGS INSPECTION REPORT .................................................. 35
17. APPENDIX F PTW FLOW CHART .................................................................................................... 36

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ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

Employer Saudi Global Port Company

Consultant Jacobs
Contractor Branch of China Harbour Engineering Company Ltd.
Project Consolidation works of first and second container
Terminals king abdulaziz port
Sector Regulatory Authority Sector Regulatory Authority, which is a public authority.
or government agency responsible for exercising
autonomous authority over some area of human
activity in a regulatory or supervisory capacity
and the Construction Director
Vendor/ Supplier Supplier of materials, equipment, services suppliers’
Subject to a Purchase Order
Sub-Contractor Any organization hired by CHEC to construct a project
or to provide services including their sub-contractors
.
Works All works and services to be performed by Contractor
as per the Package 1 Employer's Requirements
Specification and Contract Agreement.
Working at Height
Any works at an elevation of 1.8 meters or more aboveground, floor, or approved work surfaces
such as platforms and scaffolds, or when working in an area where a fall potential of greater
than 1.8 meters exists..

Mobile Elevated Work Platform (MEWP): Mobile Elevated Work Platform. MEWP are
mechanical devices which are specifically designed to elevate personnel (not materials and
equipment) off the ground and manoeuvre them into a working area. MEWP’s do generally
have a full range of manoeuvrability while elevated.

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Scissor Lifts are a type of MEWP which lowers and rises vertically, and generally employ folding
supports in an “X” pattern. Work undertaken from a scissor lift may be done without the use of
a harness, unless it is against the manufacturer’s instructions. Working from the scissor lift
without a harness is an exemption from the Working at Height requirements.

Personal Fall Arrest System - A system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working
level. It consists of an anchorage, connectors, shock absorber, a body harness, and may include
a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combination of these.

100% Tie-Off -- The term 100% tie-off shall be interpreted as meaning that all employees, at
all times, shall be wearing a personal fall arrest system and shall be securely fastened to an
anchor or field tie-off point when working, traveling, inspecting or performing other tasks or
conducting other business at a height greater than 1.8m above the ground or working level and
fall hazard exists.

Competent Person or scaffolder

A person who has been trained with appropriate qualifications, and has practical and
theoretical knowledge of the appropriate aspects of work at heights, together with actual
experience of the work to be undertaken, which will enable them to ensure that all necessary
planning and assessments have been prepared, and safety precautions taken, so that the
work may be carried out safely, or that they may work safely. A competent person is required
to oversee erection/dismantling of scaffold and working platforms.

Competent Inspector or Scaffolding inspector– A person who has practical and theoretical
knowledge together with actual experience of what they are to examine, which will enable
them to detect errors, defects, faults or weaknesses that it is the purpose of the examination
or inspection to discover; and to assess the importance of any such discovery. A competent
inspector is required to sign off a safe to use/climb (scaftag) certificate.

Working platform
A working platform constitutes any proprietary or constructed platform used as a place of work
or as a means of access or egress from/to a place of work (e.g. scaffold, trestle, mobile
platform, etc.).
Working at Height Permit- A permit to work at height is required when conducting work
within 1.8 meter of an open edge (inside the safety barrier), from a MEWP or man basket, or
on surfaces which are not stable (i.e. fragile, moving, shifting, or shaking with the possibility
of slipping or the surface is wet) or where the risk has been identified as high priority based
on the Risk Assessment. (Please refer to permit to work procedure)

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Man Baskets - Man baskets are specifically designed for use with a crane to lift people.

Fall protection - Where it is impracticable to provide working platform for a person working
at a height more than 2 meters, the personnel at risk of falling shall wear safety belt / harness
to prevent such a fall.
Limited Free Fall - A fall where the arrest of the fall by the fall arrest system begins to take
loading within 600mm of movement, either vertically or on a slope which it is not possible to
walk on unassisted

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1. GENERAL
This procedure provides guidelines to Contractor and Sub-contractors for the protection of
personnel work at height and to establish minimum requirements and guidelines to provide
maximum prevention/protection against falls from height.

2. PURPOSE
The purpose of the Work at Height procedure is to ensure:
• Working at height is avoided wherever possible;
• To prevent falls and reduce the consequences if a fall occurs when working at height;
• Where working at height is unavoidable, all hazards are considered, and sufficient safe
systems of work are in put place that will actively reduce the risk of injury to all persons
involved;
• Compliance with relevant legislative requirements.
• Best practice is adopted.

3. SCOPE
This procedure is applicable to all working at height operations on premises included all Sub-
contractor or any other party engaged by the Consolidation Works of First and Second
Container Terminals King Abdulaziz Port project.

4. REFERENCES
• Project HSE Plan – 24. Working at Heights
• Appendix 6 Emergency Response Plan
• Appendix D Working at Height Permit.
• Package 1 Employer's Requirements Volume 2 Part 1
6.2.29 Fall Prevention/Protection
• OSHA 3146-05R 2015

5. RESPONSIBILITIES
5.1 Project Manager
The Project/Construction Manager will be responsible for ensuring that this procedure is
followed..
• To provide the required sources to implement the work at height procedure
across the project.
• To ensure that any equipment purchased/rented is suitable for the task.
• Project manager Shall responsible to appoint the scaffold inspector to inspect
and monitor the WAH platform and activities. Make arrangement for all the
labors transportation and food during or after finished the work.

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5.2 HSE Manager
The H&S Manager/Officer will provide H&S advice and guidance to the
Project/Construction Manager, when necessary
• To implement the work at height procedure requirements across the project
and shall monitor the effectiveness of this procedure.
• To development and undertaking of audits concerning working at height and
associated equipment.
• To assess and develop the training needs for work at height activities.
• For the maintenance of work at height procedure.

5.3 Construction/Site Manager

• Ensure that safe work at height platform/equipment are provided to perform the
task safely.
• Ensure all persons using personal fall protection systems are trained in the safe
and correct use of that system including initiating a rescue plan after a worker has
fallen.
• Ensure that inspections of all components of a personal fall protection system are
conducted;
• Ensure that safe working conditions are provided to workers;
• Ensure that a competent person(s) is appointed to carry out the work safely and
oversee erection of scaffold and working platforms;
• Ensure suitable training is provided to all personnel;
• Ensure that a scaffold inspector has been appointed and has been deemed
competent by a third party;
• Ensure that the competent inspector signs off all safe to use/climb (scaffold tag)
certificates for all scaffolding.
• Ensure that risk assessments of all the tasks are carried out which could be classed
as working at height;
• Determine the most appropriate means of access/egress;
• Ensure CHEC staff carrying out the task are competent to use the equipment which
will include the correct assembly and as appropriate fixing and securing the
equipment;
• Ensure that training is given to all CHEC staff on the use of equipment which is
appropriate for the complexity of the task;
• Ensure that all staff and others, as appropriate, are aware of any fragile areas and
that such areas have signage to that effect displayed;

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 • Ensure that any system of access equipment in use for extended periods is subject
to inspection in order to ensure it remains safe. In the case of scaffolding the
inspection will be conducted weekly.
• Ensure access equipment is periodically examined even when not in use to ensure
it is maintained and in good condition;
• Ensure that when workers are engaged in night work that the area is well lit and
that task lighting is provided.

5.4 Supervisor/ Engineer

• Ensure that the potential of an object or person to fall is managed as per this
procedure
• Ensure there are written procedures and equipment available for the safe retrieval
of a person who has fallen;
• Ensure that they are familiar with all aspects of the Working at Height Standard.
Before workers are allowed into a location where a risk of falling exists, the
supervisor and employee must discuss the appropriate fall protection plan for the
job.
• The supervisor will ensure that employees are properly trained in the appropriate
fall protection equipment and procedures including but limited to MEWP training,
fall protection equipment training and awareness, ladder safety training;
• Ensure that the user of a fall arrest system does not work alone;
• Ensure only authorized people are responsible to build the scaffold.
• Issue the appropriate work at height permit.
• Ensure the work permit complies with the procedure before the task commences.
• Ensure that a task briefing shall be conducted prior to work.
• Ensure safe work conditions.
• Ensure safe work behaviors are practiced during the task.
• Conduct the daily task briefing.

5.5 Scaffold Erector

• Build/construct scaffold in accordance with scaffold design, user handbooks etc.,
under the direct supervision of the competent person (scaffold engineer/scaffold
inspector).
• Inspecting all scaffold components prior to assembly to ensure that components
used are of similar material and in good repair before becoming a part of the
completed scaffold. This includes (but is not limited to): mudsills, screw jacks,
frames, braces, planks, access ladders, brackets, etc. This is considered
• supplementary to the inspection that must be completed by a competent
scaffolding inspector.
• Maintaining fall protection requirements while erecting / dismantling scaffolds.

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 • Providing a scaffold to the user that is free from recognizable and preventable
hazards (i.e. fall protection systems in place, falling object prevention in place,
appropriate access / egress to and from the scaffold, appropriate anchorage and
stability of the structure, appropriate walking / working surfaces, maintaining
appropriate clearances from electrical hazards, etc.)
• Prior to occupation scaffold erectors must notify the competent person that the
scaffold has been erected and is ready to be inspected. Ensuring that work method
statements, Pre-start briefing, and Risk Assessments have been carried out as
required by the nature of the work and briefed to all workers on the shift;
• Ensuring that adequate medical coverage/ emergency vehicle is in place during the
periods that work is being carried out as detail in Welfare Management Plan and
Shift Initial Emergency Response Plan
• Ensure that all tools and equipment are provided in advance of the work being
carried out and ensure all tools and equipment’s are inspected and color coded as
per site requirements.
• Ensure all workers (include self) are earing full mandatory PPE (clear, yellow glasses)
and are fully briefed on emergency arrangements i.e. who is first aider and contact
number.
• Contacting and coordinating with the Competent Person regarding any issues
associated with the erection of a scaffold
• Use portable ladders that are secured to access scaffold platforms.
• Fit barriers and toe boards where applicable to working platforms that will give the
same level of protection as permanent platforms.
• Ensure that all scaffolding that has been constructed has been suitably approved
and identified by the use of scaffold ID and inspection tags.
• Ensure scaffold is placed out of use and marked with a do not use sign until
inspection has been
completed.

5.6 Scaffold inspector (Competent Person)

competent person is an employee who is capable of identifying existing or predictable
hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or
dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization to take prompt corrective
measures to eliminate these hazards. Persons selected to be competent persons at
CHEC shall receive professional Scaffold Competent person training either from
approved/accredited companies.
The competent person shall be verified to be of sufficient knowledge, skill set, and work
experience. A list of competent persons will be maintained by the CHEC - HSE
department and additional refresher type training will be provided on an as needed
basis.

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 A competent person’s responsibilities include (but are not limited to):
• Design and preplanning of the scaffold including weight limitations, scaffold
type, fall protection, tie offs, supports, etc.
• Overseeing the erection of the scaffold
• Final inspection of the scaffold prior to initial occupation for use.
• At a minimum, daily inspection and documentation of the condition of the
scaffold and its ability to be occupied safely.
• Inspections of scaffolds after changes / alterations have been made.
• Oversight and inspections of mobile scaffolds.
• Training of other competent persons, scaffold erectors, and users.
• Contact HSE for assistance and guidance in any of the duties associated with
being a Competent Person.

5.7 Sub-contractor
• Follow the CHEC work at height procedure across the project.
• Use height safety equipment as instructed and only within the design parameters;
• Use the appropriate fall protection systems where work being done requires its use.
• Report all accidents and incidents (including near misses), or any defects in
equipment or in a scaffolding structure.
• Ensure any equipment they use remains safe
• Report any defects they have found immediately to their manager/supervisors.
• Report any difficulty or danger regarding the height or the means of access to it;
• Make use of any equipment designed to protect individuals from falling or objects
falling.
• Attend training to ensure competency in the use of any access equipment or
system.
• Ensure equipment, subject to a periodic maintenance regime, has been maintained
before using it.
• Ensure they do not erect, alter, and dismantle work at height equipment, such as
scaffolding unless they are properly trained and competent to do so.

5.8 Employees/Scaffold User.

A scaffold user is defined as any employee sub-contractor who utilizes an elevated
temporary work platform (scaffold) to perform work. CHEC management recognize that
all employees who intend on occupying a scaffold must go through the appropriate
internal scaffold user training conducted by i.e. HSE staff or competent person.

A scaffold user’s responsibilities include (but are not limited to):

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 • Examining the scaffold tag (which should be affixed near the access point) to verify
that a competent person has deemed the scaffold safe for use. This must be done
prior to initial use of the scaffold each shift.
• Refusing to occupy a scaffold prior to the Competent Person providing
documentation indicating that the scaffold has been inspected and deemed safe.
Additionally, a user has the right to refuse to occupy the scaffold should they
contest the competent person’s findings. In rare instances such as this, HSE will be
called in to provide guidance as to the safety of the scaffold.
• Notifying the competent person of any safety concerns associated with the
erection, conditions, use, and / or maintenance of the scaffold.

6. PROCEDURES
6.1 HIRA and Method Statement.
The Project/Construction Manager will ensure that a hazard impact risk assessment
and method statement is carried out and duly approved from client before starting
works at height.

6.2 Hierarchy of Control

When undertaking HIRA for tasks that are to be completed at height, the following
hierarchy of control will be adopted
Avoid: ensure that no work is done at height if it is safe and reasonably practicable
to do it other than at height.
Prevent falls: Where it is not reasonably practicable to avoid working at height, the
Project/Construction Manager will ensure that appropriate equipment and other
control measures are in place to prevent persons falling from a place at height.
Minimize the distance and consequences of a fall: The Project/Construction
Manager will ensure that where it is not reasonably practicable to prevent falls,
work equipment and other means will be provided that will reduce the distance a
person could fall and the consequences of this fall.
6.3 Preventing Injuries from Falling Object
Establish exclusion zones and enforce them under work at height areas to prevent
unauthorized access to the area, work will be stopped while people traverse the
exclusion zone. Place warning signs to warn people of hazards, workers will use bolt
bags and tool carriers to carry small items and tools - these are not to impede the
workers make sure that workers required to be in the exclusion zone including
persons holding ladders and banks man, wear hard hats, implement safe working
platforms with appropriate toe boards to prevent falling objects, prevent tools and
equipment used at heights from falling by securing them with lanyards.

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6.4 Emergency and Rescue Planning
Control measures on HIRA will include appropriate emergency response for working
at height especially when the work involves:
• Electrical hazards
• The use of power equipment
• Hot work such as welding
• Use of chemicals.

A rescue plan will be included in the emergency planning, where fall arrest systems
will be adopted. The rescue plan will consider the following factors:
– How incapacitated workers will be retrieved to a safe location if they fall
– How many workers are needed to rescue a fallen worker
– What additional equipment is needed for rescues
– Training required for rescuers.
All workers involved in working at height will be inducted/ trained on the following
(list not exhaustive):
– Emergency Management Plan and procedures
– Emergency and rescue drill Use of fall arrest systems
– Suspension trauma training
Rescue equipment will be available in the area to retrieve workers in the event of an
incident. Specific safety and rescue equipment approved for electrical works will also
be available for workers who are working on or near electrical equipment.

6.5 PPE for Working at Height

In addition to hazard-specific PPE such as high visibility clothing, the following PPE will
be available in relation to the level of PPE required prior to any work at height to be
carried out:
Footwear: Suitable safety shoes with a non-slip tread pattern sole are recommended.
Eye protection: Low impact eye protection i.e., sunglasses to make sure that a worker
at height is not at risk due to glare or reflection.
Head protection: Safety helmet/hard hat that will remain in place in the event of a fall
Clothing should be comfortable in all positions; loose clothing should be avoided, Sun
burn protection Individual fall arrest system.
Full body harness: Full body harness – Fall arrest system (FAS) can protect fall from the
height.

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6.6 Selecting Equipment
When selecting equipment for work at height, the following control measures will be
followed:
Use the most appropriate equipment available taking into account technological
advances that may introduce new means of controlling working at height risks give
collective protection measures priority over personal protective equipment
• Implement control measures effectively and monitor implementation through
inspections and audits of the workplace take account of:
• The working conditions.
• Risks to the safety of all those at the place where the work equipment is to be used.
• The distance to be negotiated, in the case of work equipment for access and
egress.
• The distance and consequences of a potential fall.
• The duration and frequency of equipment use.
• The need for easy and timely evacuation and rescue in an emergency.
Any additional risk posed by the use, installation, or removal of work equipment or by
evacuation and rescue from it.
6.7 Selecting Personnel for Work at Height
The following persons will be excluded from being required to work at height:
• Persons who suffer from vertigo or who are afraid of heights.
• Persons who are not physically fit enough to undertake climbing activities.
• Persons who suffer from dizziness.
• Persons who have a physical shape or weight which may affect the safe
operation of working at height equipment.

6.8 Public Protection

HIRA on work at height will take into account necessary protection to the public from
potential falls of tools or materials or from use of mechanical platforms. Protection
measures will include, but not be limited to the following,
• Diversion of pedestrian walkways away from any overhead activities
• temporary closure of footpaths for specific operations (after authorization has
been sought and obtained)
• Provision of a walkway with overhead protection
• Use of debris netting to prevent material falling outside the perimeter
• Tying down or securing of materials to prevent them from being blown off
• Avoidance of work at height during busy times of the day when large numbers
of members of the public are in the area.

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6.9 Danger Areas
Where a workplace contains an area where there is a risk of any person at work falling a
distance; or being struck by a falling object, then means of preventing unauthorized
persons from entering the area will be in place, and clearly indicated.

6.10 Specific requirements for work at height equipment

Ladders
Usage of ladders / step ladders / podium or step platform must be planned and assessed
prior to work commencing, and ladders should only be used if a suitable working
platform cannot be used.
All employees must be trained and competent on the usage of the type of ladder they
shall be using. Selection of ladders,
• All ladders must be industrial rated not domestic
• Must extend 1meter above the highest level where work is to be conducted
• Must be able to support the greatest load to be used on the ladder.
• Usage of Stepladders
• Shall be placed on flat compacted ground and be always stable
• Shall be always in the fully open position
• Shall use both hands to grip the stepladder when ascending and descending.
• Employee shall not stand on the top 3 rungs of the stepladder at any times.
• Ensure employees Do not lean forward or over stretch while on the step ladder

Usage of Step platforms

Use step platform when extended period of work needs to be conducted when
conducting high risk activities.
Shall be placed on flat compacted ground and be always stable no employee shall be
on the step platform when moving from one workplace to another.
Guardrail Systems
• Guardrails will be provided to all edges where there is a fall potential of 1.8
meters or more.
• In the case where a fall potential of less than 1.8 meters is identified, a hazard
impact risk assessment will be undertaken to determine the level of protection
required. As a minimum requirement for edges where a fall potential of less
than 1.8 meters exists, a single guardrail 950mm will be provided from the
walking/working level.
• Guardrails will be used on the edge of working platforms, walkways, stairways,
ramps, or landings and at.
• The perimeters of buildings or other structures, the perimeters of skylights or
other fragile roof materials and openings in floor or roof structures and edges
of shafts.

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• Proprietary systems will be configured, installed, used, and dismantled in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
• Toe boards will be provided at least 150mm high and run continuously along
the edge where guardrail protection is provided.
• A mid-rail will be fitted to all edges where there is a risk of falling 2 meters or
more. The mid-rail will be installed so that the gap between any guardrail and
mid-rail or toe board and mid-rail does not exceed 470mm.
• Screens and mesh will extend from the guardrail to the walking/working level
and along the entire opening.
• Other structural members such as additional mid-rails and architectural panels
will be installed such that there are no openings in the guardrail system that are
more than 470mm wide.
• Guardrail systems will be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at
least 1.25 KN point load, in any outward or downward direction, at any point
along the top edge.
• When the 1.25 KN point load test is applied in a downward direction, the top
edge of the guardrail will not deflect to a height less than 900mm above the
walking/working level.
• Guardrail systems will be surfaced to prevent injury to a worker from punctures
or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing.
• Top rails and mid-rails will be at least 60mm nominal diameter or thickness to
prevent cuts and lacerations. If wire rope is used for top rails, it will be flagged
at not more than 1.8-meter intervals with high-visibility material.
• When guardrail systems are used at hoisting areas, a chain, gate, or removable
guardrail section will be placed across the access opening between guardrail
sections when hoisting operations are not taking place.
• When guardrail systems are used at holes, they will be erected on all
unprotected sides or edges of the hole.
• When guardrail systems are used around holes used for the passage of
materials, the hole will have not more than two sides provided with removable
guardrail sections to allow the passage of materials. When the hole is not in
use, it will be closed over with a cover, or a guardrail system will be provided
along all unprotected sides or edges.
• When guardrail systems are used around holes that are used as points of access
(such as ladder ways), they will be provided with a gate, or be offset so that a
person cannot walk directly into the hole.
• Guardrail systems used on ramps and runways will be erected along each
unprotected side or edge.
• Before using a guardrail system, factors that will influence the load on the
guardrail will be considered. The force applied from the momentum of a falling
person, the pitch of the roof and the length of the rafter to which the guardrail
is attached will determine whether the guard railing is appropriate.

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Safety Nets:
There are two main types of safety nets which will be used on site:
– Personnel nets (100mm mesh) - intended to catch a person falling from above
– Material or debris protection nets (smaller mesh 12mm -19mm) - intended to
minimize risks to those below from falling objects
Safety nets are provided with short lengths of test cord attached, (normally eight
lengths).

General Requirements
• The use of safety nets will only be considered where measures that prevent a fall
of persons or objects are not reasonably practicable to implement.
• Where safety nets are used, they will be stored, handled and installed properly
to prevent damage to the net.
• Safety nets will be regularly inspected to check any signs of damage; nets that
show signs of damage or wear and tear will be removed from service.
• Safety nets will be erected as close as reasonably practicable to the working level,
and if on the outside of the structure, will be slightly higher at the outer edge
than at the inner.
• Safety nets will be used the maximum distance a person can fall before
encountering a net is 2 meters.
• Erection of safety nets will be carried out by competent persons and will ensure
that any supporting framework can withstand impact or shock loadings, and that
the framework itself does not present a hazard to personnel who may fall into
the net.
• When erecting nets in the vicinity of electricity lines or overhead power cables,
the appropriate authority will be consulted before work is commenced.
• Configurations and rigging methods of the safety nets will never be altered
without the erector’s
• consent and then only by persons competent to do so.
• Nets that have been used to arrest falls will not be used again until a competent
person checks them and advises it is safe to do so.
• Nets will be securely attached to support framework with tie cords, hooks rings
or thimbles spaced in accordance with the net manufacturer’s specification. The
actual tie will be at least double the strength of the net, and if hooks are used,
they will have positive locking of some description.
• Nets can be outrigged on scaffolding provided that the scaffold structure is
appropriately secured into a building or similar.
• Fall Arrest Systems (FAS)

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Selecting FAS and Equipment:
When selecting the type of equipment to be used, the following factors will be
considered:
• the type of work
• The potential for a fall, and the fall’s potential severity
• Task mobility requirements
• constraints on fall distances and clearances
• The equipment must give the wearer:
• The maximum degree of comfort and freedom of movement.
• In the event of a fall, the most reasonably practicable protection against injury
from: (1) impact with the ground or other objects below the wearer; or (2)
impacting surrounding structures.
The FAS users:
• will ensure that the equipment combination is in accordance with the
• Manufacturer’s instructions: and cannot make any alterations that may adversely
affect safe operation of any part of a FAS.
Inspection and Maintenance
• Inspections and maintenance of FAS will comply with H&SMSP 29 – Lifting
Operations and Lifting Equipment Procedure
• Any defective item found during inspection and maintenance will be segregated,
tagged with a cautionary “Out of Service Tag” and not used until it has been
repaired and tested, or replaced. Repair of defective equipment will be carried
out by a competent person.
• In the event of a fall arrest, each item of equipment involved will be tested and
inspected before re-use. Any items found to have been stretched or damaged
will be replaced before the equipment can be re-used.

Users will inspect the following items before and after each use:
Harnesses, lanyards, connectors, fall arrest devices, ropes, slings, and any other
mobile attachment devices, e.g., snap-hooks, karabiners, rope grabs.
Inspection will check for the following:
• The opening of any equipment where access for daily inspection is
provided, to make sure that internal components are in satisfactory
condition.
• The opening or removal of temporary rope or line protectors, to enable
rope to be appropriately inspected.
• operation of the locking mechanism on fall arrest devices. for ropes,
include running the rope through the hands; and for portable pole
platforms,
• include checks to make sure that surfaces have no cracks there is no
deformation, permanent bending, excessive corrosion, modification, and
lack of insulation in recessed screw holes.

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• Non-slip surfaces are functional.
• welds are sound and joints and fastenings are tight; and the safe working
load markings are clearly legible.
• Inspections of belts, harnesses and lanyards will be conducted every 6
months by a person who has been trained and is competent. Also, items
are to be checked in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions to
determine whether there is excessive wear or any other fault liable to
render the item unsafe during a fall arrest.
• Anchorages are to be inspected and certified before use after initial
installation and inspected every 12 months thereafter by a qualified
rigger, scaffolder, or specialist installer. Anchorages will be visually
inspected for signs of deterioration which might make them
unserviceable, together with any other requirements contained in the
manufacturer’s instructions.
• The parent structure will be visually inspected for modifications or
deterioration which might lead to loss of anchorage strength and drilled-
in anchorages such as friction or glued-in anchorages will be proof-tested
as part of each inspection.
• Inspections of fall-arrest devices will be conducted every 3 months by a
person who has been trained and is competent.
• Inspection of horizontal lifelines, vertical lifelines used with fall arrest
devices and horizontal or vertical rails will be undertaken every 12
months.
• Slings will be inspected every 3 months by a banksman or equivalent and
tested every 12 months by a competent testing organization.
• ropes used to suspend a person are inspected before and after each use.
• ropes are inspected every 3 months; and ropes are not pull tested as this
can cause damage to the rope.
• Fall arrest devices will be fully serviced if they have been in storage for
longer than 12 months.
• Hardware and mechanical devices will be maintained in accordance with
the manufacturer’s Instructions.
• Synthetic textile materials will be maintained by cleaning with mild soap
and water. If more severe cleaning is required reference is to be made to
the recommendations of the manufacturer of the item.

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 • Fall arrest equipment will be stored and transported in conditions which
avoid dampness, heat, and stress on components.

6.11 Working Platforms

Protection of Open Sided Floors, Runways and Platforms:
• Every open-sided floor or platform 1.2 meters or more above an adjacent floor or
ground level will be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides except where
there is entrance to a ramp, stairway, or fixed ladder. The railing will be provided
with a toe board wherever
• Workers can pass; there is moving machinery; and there is equipment with which
falling materials could create a hazard.
• Every runway will be guarded by a standard railing on all open sides 1.2 m or more
above floor or ground level. Wherever tools, machine parts, or materials are likely
to be used on the runway, a toe board will also be provided on each exposed side.
• Runways (such as oiling, shafting, or filling tank cars) may have the railing on one
side omitted where operating conditions require such omission, providing the
falling hazard is minimized by using a runway of not less than 45 cm wide.
Workers entering such open runways will utilize appropriate fall protection
meeting the requirements of this procedure.
• Regardless of height, open-sided floors, walkways, platforms, or runways above or
adjacent to dangerous equipment, open tanks, and similar hazards will be guarded
with a standard railing and toe board.
• A standard railing will consist of top rail, mid-rail, and posts, and will have a
vertical height of 950mm nominal from upper surface of top rail to floor, platform,
runway, or ramp level. The top rail will be smooth surfaced throughout the length
of the railing. The intermediate rail will be approximately halfway between the top
rail and the floor, platform, runway, or ramp.
• The anchoring of posts and framing of members for railings of all types will be of
such construction that the completed structure will be capable of withstanding a
load of at least 90 kg applied in any direction at any point on the top rail.

Protection of Stairs:
Every flight of stairs having four or more risers will be equipped with standard stair
railings or standard handrails as provided below:
• On stairways less than 1 meter wide having both sides enclosed, at least one
handrail, preferably on the right-side descending.
• on stairways less than 1 meter wide, having one side open, at least one stair
railing on open side; and on stairways less than 1 meter wide, having both sides
open, one stair railing on each side.

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 • A standard stair railing will be of construction similar to a standard railing, but the
vertical height will be not more than 860mm or less than 760mm from upper
surface of top rail to surface of tread in line with face of riser at forward edge of
tread.
• Vertical clearance above any stair tread to an overhead obstruction will be at least
2.1 meters measured from the leading edge of the tread.

Requirement for Fixed Stairs:

• Fixed stairs will be provided for access from one structure level to another where
operations necessitate regular travel between levels and for access to operating
platforms at any equipment which requires attention routinely during operations.
• Fixed stairs will also be provided where access to elevations is required daily or at
each shift for purposes such as: Gauging, inspection, regular maintenance, etc.,
where such work may expose employees to hazardous substances; or were
carrying of tools or equipment by hand is normally required.

Fragile Surfaces:
• It is a policy that no one goes onto or near a fragile surface unless that is the only
reasonably practicable way for the worker to carry out the work safely, having
regard to the demands of the task, equipment, or working environment.
• If anyone does work on or near a fragile surface the following will be ensured:
• that appropriate platform, coverings, guard rails, and the like are provided (and
used) to minimize the risk;
• Do all that is reasonably practicable, if any risk of a fall remains, to minimize the
distance and effect of a fall.
• If anyone goes onto or near a fragile surface, the Project/Construction Manager
will do all that is reasonably practicable to make them aware of the danger,
preferably by prominent warning notices fixed at the approaches to the danger
zone.
Fall Protection Requirements for Unprotected Edges:
Each worker on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with an
unprotected side or edge which is 2 meters or more above a lower level will be
protected from falling using guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall
arrest systems, or other combination of fall protection. Regardless of height above the
equipment, each worker above dangerous equipment will be protected from falling
into or onto the dangerous equipment by guardrail systems or by equipment guards.

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Protection from Falling Objects:
All employees exposed to falling objects will wear a hard hat and the following
measures will be implemented:
– Erect toe boards, screens, or guardrail systems to prevent objects from falling
from higher levels; or
– erect a canopy structure and keep potential fall objects far enough from the
edge of the higher level so that those objects would not go over the edge if
they were accidentally displaced; or
– barricade the area to which objects could fall, prohibit workers from entering
the barricaded area, and keep objects that may fall far enough away from the
edge of a higher level so that those objects would not go over the edge if they
were accidentally displaced.
As a minimum, fall protection systems inspection and maintenance will be carried out as
follows:
– inspected prior to each use at intervals not to exceed 6 months in accordance with
the manufacturers specific guidelines after any equipment is assembled and
before first use; at periods not exceeding 7 days after assembly following any
substantial alterations; following any impact or extreme conditions that may
affect the stability of the platform.
– For mobile platforms, inspection at the workplace is appropriate without the need
for re- inspection every time the platform is moved. The platform inspection
report will be kept at the workplace until the work is completed; and then
maintain at site office for another three months.
The user will inspect fall protection equipment prior to each use to check the following:
– body belts, safety straps, harnesses, lanyards, lifelines, and connectors for
indications of wear and deterioration, or evidence of impact loading.
– visually inspect the webbing or rope cuts, loose stitching, kinks, knots, abrasions,
burns, excessive swelling, discoloration, cracks, charring, broken fibers, and
chemical or physical exposure.
– loose, bent or pulled rivets, bent grommets, and broken cuts or burned threads.
– breakaway jacket on deceleration unit of shock absorbing lanyard is intact and has
no broken stitches, tears, stretch marks or other evidence of impact loading.
– check all equipment for damage, wear, mildew, or distortion.
– hardware will be free of cracks, sharp edges, or burns; and
– ensure that no straps are cut, broken, torn, or scraped.
For anchors and mountings, these will be inspected before each use by the user and
supervisor for signs of damage.
Any fall protection equipment subjected to a fall or impact load will be removed from
service immediately for examination.
Equipment that is damaged or in need of maintenance will be tagged as unusable and
will not be stored in the same area as serviceable equipment.

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7. FLOOR AND WALL OPENING
Unprotected holes in the floor, deck, or roof have been responsible for a number of very
serious injuries.
The following are the main types of fall related dangers:

Stairway Floor Openings – When there is a stairway in project, it presents a serious risk.
People can slip on the stairs and fall, or not even see that they are there if the employee is
carrying something bulky
Ladder Openings – the only way shall be for on or off of a platform is by climbing up or
down a ladder. This ladder will lead to a hole in the floor that employee can climb up or
down. While convenient, these openings are also serious hazards for everyone working in
the area.
Manholes – Whether located outside of the project leading to the sewer system, or inside
the facility providing access to pipes or electrical work, manhole openings can be found
almost anywhere. While safe with the cover on, they can be an unexpected hazard when
the cover is off.
Short Wall Edges – There shall be many places in the project that shall have short walls
along the edge of an area. This is common with elevated runways that provide access to
pipes and other things in the project. These short walls do provide some protection, but
people can still fall over them if not careful.
Window Openings – Window openings are an addition hazard to Consolidation Works at
First and Second Container Terminals King Abdul-Aziz Port project, if they are not protected
and guarded, they can also present a significant fall hazard. If someone bumps into the
window while working, they may go right through.

Once CHEC management shall identify all the different areas that present a risk of falling
through floor or wall openings, Consolidation Works at First and Second Container Terminals
King Abdul-Aziz Port site management shall take steps to minimize the potential that
someone could fall. The following are some of the most effective ways to physically stop
people from accidentally fall from openings.

Railings – CHEC management shall add railings along the edge of an area where someone
can fall is one of the easiest ways to provide protection. Railings around manholes or ladder
openings, for example, will protect people whether they are coming up or going down.
Removable Railings – In some places, CHEC management shall install removable railings that
will provide protection most of the time but can be removed when access to that area is
needed.
Toe Boards – CHEC management shall add a tow board along the floor can be a great way
to alert people to the danger before they fall. In addition, tow boards can stop falling objects.
Floor Markings – CHEC management shall add floor markings in the area around the danger.
There are a number of different options when it comes to floor markings, such as:

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 – Floor signs or floor tape shall be fixed to give a visual reminder that there is a risk of
falling in the area.
– CHEC management shall use floor markings along with things like railings or other
barriers. This will provide the highest level of protection to people who work in the
area, or even those who are just traveling through.

CHEC site management shall ensure that:

– If there is a hole, must be guarded.
– Before cutting the hole, barricade the work area to keep people out
– If the hole must be open, install permanent barricades around the perimeter. Like
railings around the edge of a building or stairwell, these shall be a minimum of 42
inches high, have a mid-rail and be capable of withstanding a 200-pound load.
– Toe boards are always recommended and are required if anyone is going to work
under the hole;
– If the hole is not guarded, it must be covered. The cover must be capable of
supporting at least a 200pound load, be larger than the opening, secured against
displacement, and labelled "Floor Opening, Do Not Remove";
– CHEC site management shall make a round opening and cover. An oversized round
cover cannot fall through a smaller round hole.
– Never cover a hole with any type of non-substantial material such as paper,
cardboard or plastic;
– Alert other workers of the location of a floor cover to prevent accidental falls;
– Never sit on, lean against or step onto a floor cover without knowing if it can support
the weight;
– Guard all new holes immediately to prevent others from falling into them;
– Always use a personal fall arrest system (FAS), which includes a full-body harness,
lanyard, connectors and appropriate anchorage points (tie-offs) when working over
an uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level.
– Inspect fall arrest system (FAS) daily and report the damage to your supervisor
immediately.
– Notify your supervisor if there are any unguarded openings on the job site.
– For more detail refer to OSHAD-SF-CoP 23.0 working at height section 3.14.1

8. WORKING ON ROOF
Preventing falls from roofs is a priority for CHEC management.
working on roof safety guidelines apply to a wide range of work situations where workers
are placed in a position from which falls are possible.
These situations include repairs and maintenance work on roofs.

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CHEC employee/workers who need to access roofs and to whom these guidelines shall apply
include:
– Roofers
– Builders
– Plumbers
– Heating and ventilation installers
– Air conditioning installers
– Painters
– Installers of telecommunications equipment
– Electrician
– Demolition contractors etc…
Types of roof
– Flat roofs
– Slated and tiled roofs
– Fragile roofs
– Profiled sheeting

8.1 Risk Management

A hazard identification and risk assessment process shall be carried out by CHEC
management at the planning and preparation stage and incorporated in method
statement, in consultation with the persons doing the roof work, to determine what risks
may arise when the roof work is being carried out. Safe systems of roof work must then
be put in place to eliminate or control these risks.

8.1.1 Hierarchy of Control

CHEC management shall establish hierarchy of controls that must be used when
eliminating or minimizing a risk of roof works.

8.1.2 Risk assessment and control measures

To determine what risks may arise when the roof work is being carried out, a hazard
identification and risk assessment process must be carried out at the planning and
preparation stage by the CHEC management. Safe systems of work shall then be put
in place to eliminate or control these risks – and these systems shall be documented
in the method statement health and safety section.

8.1.3 Monitor and review risk assessments and control measures

CHEC management shall review a risk assessment and any measures adopted to
control a risk, whenever:
– There is evidence that the risk assessment is no longer valid

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 – An injury or illness results from exposure to a hazard to which the risk assessment
roof work
– A significant change is planned to the place of work, work practices or work
procedures to which the risk assessment relates

8.2 Preparing for work to commence

Before work commences, all controls shall be outlined in the procedure.
Method statement and the risk assessments shall be put in place and checks shall make
that no new hazards have been created.
To control risks, preparing for the commencement of work shall include checking or
assessment of:
– Fall prevention systems – e.g. scaffolding, guardrails, safety mesh, netting
– Access to and from the workplace – e.g. whether persons can pass through the
edge protection system without having to climb over rails
– The climatic and environmental conditions – e.g. moisture, lichen or dust on the
roof, wind, weather forecast.
– Personal protective equipment (PPE)
– Induction training
– Specific instructions/training for workers
– Electrical practices – e.g. portable electrical tools and equipment
– Emergency and rescue procedures – e.g. rescuing a worker from a fall arrest
harness
– The identified dedicated areas for the operation of plant, such as cranes,
elevating work platforms, elevators and personnel hoists
– The crane placement schedule
Prior to commencing work on an existing roof, an inspection should be conducted
by a competent person to determine:
– The presence and integrity of safety mesh if provided
– The structural soundness of the roof and supporting structures
– The fragility of the roof and roof sheets
– The presence of asbestos
– The presence of sky lights.
To ensure the necessary control measures are being applied as safe working on the
roof, an ongoing review of the work shall be carried out by CHEC management.

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 8.3 Access to the Roof
Getting on and off the roof is a major risk.

CHEC management shall provide a secure means of entry and exit for involved
employees.

A general access scaffold or tower scaffold shall provide as a suitable access. A properly
secured ladder is the minimum requirement at Consolidation Works at First and Second
Container Terminals King Abdul-Aziz Port project.

8.4 Edge Protection

Wherever CHEC employee can fall, the first line of defense shall be provided for an
adequate edge protection to prevent a fall occurring. This shall include or be equivalent
to:

– A main guard rail at least 950 mm above the edge;

– A toe board and brick guard where there is risk of objects being kicked off edge of the
platform;
– A suitable number of intermediate guard rails or suitable alternatives positioned so that
there is no gap more than 470 mm.

Sometimes a roof parapet may provide equivalent protection but if it does not, extra
protection shall be required.

8.5 Work Platforms

If this not practicable to use the roof as a work platform, CHEC management shall provide
a MEWP, may be suitable for some work where it can be carried out from inside the
basket.

8.6 Fall Mitigation

Where there is not reasonably practicable to Provide an adequate platforms and edge
protection, CHEC management shall provide safety nets or soft-landing systems to
minimize the consequences of any potential, such as:
– Bean bags or
– Inflatable air bags
– Nets

9. BARRICADES
Where “overhead work” is being conducted, barricades shall be erected around the area
below the work area to protect others below from falling objects. Clear and legible signage
shall be placed around the barricaded area to warn of the hazard of work at height. Site
security shall monitor the area to ensure no unauthorized access is permitted.

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10. EMERGENCY RESPONSE
CHEC emergency preparedness and response plan involved in working at heights shall be
informed to all involved parties including (but not limited to):
Whoever discovers the emergency will raise the alarm and will contact a member of the
Emergency Response Team and Incident Controller.
– Emergency Response Services will be called immediately by the
Incident Controller or his designee.
– The Emergency Response Team will cordon off the area and ensure
that crowd control restrictions are in place.
– Traffic coordinators will be sent to strategic locations to ensure
there is no confusion when the civil defense arrives at the project.
– If the injured person is in an inaccessible area where a crane
stretcher is required the ERT team leader will organize for the
stretcher to be brought to the required area.
– No attempt will be made to move the casualty until the emergency
services arrive on site, unless the person’s life is in immediate
danger due to the circumstances of the location.
– The clinical nurse will attend to the casualty in the event the ambulance has not arrived on
site.
– A member of the ERT team will ensure that the ambulance is directed off site by the quickest
route without any obstructions including people.
– An HSE member of CHEC will accompany the IP to the hospital.
– The ERT team will cordon off the area of the Incident pending a detailed investigation.
– The Project Manager will be notified of the Incident. (In case the Project Manager is also the
Incident Controller)

Action By CHEC and Local Authorities “if required”

Emergency Predictability High

Emergency Probability High

Edge protection, safety nets, complete scaffolds, full body harness,

Emergency Controls
etc.

Risk level after available

Low
control measures if happen

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11. INSPECTION AND TRAINING

All personal fall protective equipment shall be inspected visually by the user prior to each use.
Always inspect all pieces of safety harnesses before use to identify defects or damage. In
addition, safety harnesses must be inspected periodically by a Competent Person, normally at
least quarterly. Any fall protection equipment damaged or has been or suspected to have been
subjected to shock or excessive load impact shall immediately be replaced.

Following any period of poor weather conditions such as a sandstorm, typhoon or heavy rain,
the equipment associated with working at heights shall be thoroughly inspected before
resuming the work. The facilities associated with working at heights shall be thoroughly
inspected before resuming the work.

Lifelines shall be inspected, by a Competent Person at least weekly to ensure system and
equipment integrity. A tag or marking should be on fall protection equipment indicating this
inspection has been performed.

All scaffolds should be inspected and tagged safe for use prior to the use thereof and weekly
thereafter by a competent scaffold inspector. Unsafe scaffolds will be tagged unsafe and
rectified immediately. Ladders must be inspected and tagged by a Competent Person at least
quarterly. The devices used of lifting personnel shall be inspected monthly by competent
persons and color coded before the third day of each month.

Inspection records and test certificates for cages used for lifting personnel shall be maintained
for one year. Inspection records of ladders, staircases and scaffolds shall be maintained for one
year.
CHEC will give the Working at Height Training and Fall Protection Training to every employee
who needed work at height before they perform the task and issue the helmet sticker to the
trainee who pass the train test, Otherwise the employee must be retrain until pass test. CHEC
will remove the employee’s sticker who involved in incident or accident, and demand them
attend the training again if they want to work at height in the future.

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12. APPENDIX D WORKING AT HEIGHT PERMIT

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31
13. WORKING PLATFORMS INSPECTION REPORT

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14. LIGHTWEIGHT STAGING, TRESTLES, STEPS & LADDERS INSPECTION REPORT

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15. FALL ARREST & WORK RESTRAINT SYSTEMS, NETS & ROPE ACCESS INSPECTION
REPORT

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16. ROOFING, FRAGILE SURFACES & OPENINGS INSPECTION REPORT

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17. APPENDIX F PTW FLOW CHART

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