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Lesson - 02 I Operating System

The document discusses operating systems, including what they are, why computers need them, different types of operating systems for both computers and smartphones, and tasks performed by operating systems. It provides examples of popular closed and open source operating systems for computers like Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, and for smartphones like Android, iOS, Harmony OS.

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Krishmal Rangodage
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9 views

Lesson - 02 I Operating System

The document discusses operating systems, including what they are, why computers need them, different types of operating systems for both computers and smartphones, and tasks performed by operating systems. It provides examples of popular closed and open source operating systems for computers like Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, and for smartphones like Android, iOS, Harmony OS.

Uploaded by

Krishmal Rangodage
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIQUE IT ACADEMY

Matara Information & Communication Technology


Grade 7
0715625058
[email protected] Krishmal Rangodage
Bsc (Hons) in Computing

Operating System
What is an operating system?
An Operating System (OS) is a software that acts as an interface between computer
hardware components and the user.
The OS helps you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the
computer’s language. It is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile
device without having an operating system.
Moreover the Operating System acts as a platform between the user and the computer
hardware.
Why the computer needs an operating System?
It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and
hardware. Without an operating system, a computer is useless.

Open Vs. Closed Source Operating System


Closed-source operating systems use code that is proprietary and kept secret to prevent
its use by other entities. Traditionally, they are sold for a profit. Open-source operating
systems use code that is freely-distributed and available to anyone to use, even for
commercial purposes.
Different Types of Operating Systems
There are two types of operating systems we can see commonly;
01. Computer Operating Systems
 Windows OS – MS- DOS, Windows 95, 98, 2000, XP, Vista, 7,8,8.1 , 10 & 11
[Microsoft Corporation] – Closed Source
 Apple OSx - Mac OS Cheetah, Puma, Jaguar, Panther, Tiger, Leopard,
[Macintosh] Snow Leopard, Mountain lion, Mavericks, Yosemite,
El Capitan, Sierra, Monterey
[Apple Incorporation] – Closed Source

 Linux OS - Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, Cent OS - Open Source


02. Smart Phones Operating Systems

 Android - Google LLC - Open Source - Samsung


Oppo, Xiomi
 Apple IOS - [Apple Incorporation] – Closed Source- Apple i
phone
 Harmony OS – Huawei Technologies - Open Source - Huawei
 Symbian OS – Nokia Corporation - Open Source - Nokia
 Blackberry OS -Blackberry Ltd - Closed Source - Blackberry
 Windows Mobile OS – Microsoft Corporation - Closed Source HTC, Nokia
Lumia
Tasks performed by the operating system

 Helps to protect the computer through usernames and passwords.


 Controls the functions of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Manages the computer memory efficiently.
 Provides a user interface to work easily with the computer.
 Controls the activities related to storage devices.
 Performs the tasks related to processing files and folders correctly.
 Manages the hardware.

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