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Comparative S

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15 views

Comparative S

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TìnhNg
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Comparative and superlative

I. So sánh hơn (Comparative)


1. Khi nào dùng so sánh hơn: so sánh đặc điểm, tính chất của HAI đối tượng.
2. Công thức so sánh hơn:

Adj/ Adv ngắn: S + V + Adj/Adv + -er + than + Noun/ Pronoun


- Những tính từ/ trạng từ 2 âm tiết kết thúc bằng –y, -ow, -le, -et thì dùng như tín từ ngắn, vídụ: simple
-> simpler, easy -> easier, narrow -> narrower, quiet -> quieter.

- fat → fatter, big → bigger, sad → sadder

Adj/ Adv dài: S + V + more + Adj/ Adv + than + Noun/ Pronoun

- boldly → more boldly, likely → more likely, coldly → more coldly, sadly → more sadly.

- Thêm “far”, “much”, “a lot” trước cụm từ so sánh để nhấn mạnh. Vídụ: Cherries are much more
expensive than apples. (Cherry đắt hơn táo rất nhiều.)

So sánh kém hơn: S + V + Less + Adj + than + N


Eg: Apples are less expensive than cherries

II. So sánh nhất (Superlative)


1. Khi nào dùng so sánh nhất: so sánh một cái gì đó hơn tất cả những cái khác (cótừ BA đối tượng trở
lên).
2. Công thức so sánh hơn:

Adj/ Adv ngắn: S + V + the + Adj/adv + est + N


Adj/ Adv dài: S + V + the + most + adj + N
Khi muốn nhấn mạnh, cóthể thêm “by far” vào công thức so sánh nhất.
Eg: Jim is the smartest by far. (Jim là người thông minh nhất, hơn nhiều những người còn lại)

Một số trường hợp bất quy tắc

Tính từ / trạng từ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất Nghĩa

Good/Well Better Best Tốt

Bad Worse Worst Tệ

Far Farther The farthest/ the furthest Xa

Much/Many More Most Nhiều


Little Less Least Ít

Old Older/Elder Oldest/Eldest Già

III. So sánh bằng


1. Cấu trúc đối với trạng từ vàtính từ

S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/Pronoun/Clause
Eg: + She doesn’t sing as beautifully as her older sister.
+ They made a coffee as good as I expected.
+ My phone is not as new as his phone.
2. Cấu trúc đối với danh từ

S + V + as + many/much/little/few + noun + as + noun/pronoun


Eg: + She earns as much money as her husband.
+ No one sells as much coffee as Mira.
3. Cấu trúc so sánh bằng “the same”

S + V + the same + (N) + as + N(Pronouns)


Eg: + She is the same height as me.
+ Albert wears the same outfit as his girlfriend.

IV. Câu so sánh đặc biệt


S + V + số lần + as + Adj/adv + as + N
Eg: + Their garden is twice as big as ours. (Vườn nhàhọ to gấp đôi vườn nhàcủa chúng tôi.)
+ The bicycle costs three times as much as the other one.
+ Fred ate three times as many apples as Sarah.

So sánh càng – càng/ so sánh kép:


The + So sánh hơn + S + V, the + So sánh hơn + S +V
Eg: The more careful you are, the less mistakes you make
V. Phân biệt So, Neither, Too, Either

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