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MMUP Electronics
Exam Questions

The questions in this file were collected from previous exams and from the PDF file (219
Pages, ElecUPDA). Most of the questions are correct but some of them might not be. This
file is not completed yet, but I am sharing for those who will have the exam soon. The file
will be updated, and new versions will be shared. Some of the question still hand written
at the end of this file. This file covers all the questions in PFD file (219 Pages, ElecUPDA).
Answers highlighted in yellow need confirmation.

Thanks to all engineers whom collected the PFD file (219 Pages, ElecUPDA) and to Eng. Amir
for doing a great job correcting a lot of these questions and to all Engineers contributed by
sharing exams questions and knowledge on the following WhatsApp group.

UPDA Electrical

https://chat.whatsapp.com/4aOXpURSaOOKz7w2xbwrla  

File Version: 1.7

If you have any ideas to make this file better, please contact me

Created by: Essam Mohamed Ismail

[email protected]
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1-  Motor Questions:

 
1. What do we call Synchronous motor working on a lead power factor at no load?
 
a. Synchronous condenser
 
b. Reluctance motor
 
2. A synchronous motor on No-load can be used as:
 
a. synchronous condenser
 
b. induction motor
 
c. induction generator
 
3. Synchronizing motor leading power factor
 
a. Synchronic condenser
 
b. Universal motor
 
c. Relocating motor
Hint:
a synchronous condenser (sometimes called a synchronous capacitor or synchronous compensator) is a
DC-excited synchronous motor, whose shaft is not connected to anything but spins freely. Its purpose is
not to convert electric power to mechanical power or vice versa, but to adjust conditions on the electric
power transmission grid. Its field is controlled by a voltage regulator to either generate or absorb reactive
power as needed to adjust the grid's voltage, or to improve power factor. The power factor of a
synchronous motor is changed with a change in the excitation. When the excitation of the motor is
increased, the power factor changes from lagging to unity and then to a leading power factor. When over-
excited, the motor runs with leading power factor (and supplies vars to the grid) and when under-excited
with lagging power factor (and absorbs vars from the grid). In between, the power factor is unity.

 
4. Which type of motor used in home ceiling fan:
 
a. capacitor motor
 
b. shaded pole motor
 
c. universal motor
 
5. Which type of motor used in ceiling fan?
 
a. Capacitor start type
 
b. Permanent capacitor run
 
c. Capacitor induction run.
 
6. Starting method of IP Motors used in House holding Fans?
 
a. Capacitor Start
 
b. Induction start
 
c. Split phase
 
d. none of the above
 
7. Best starting for single phase motor.
 
a. Connect resistor
 
b. Connect inductor
 
c. Connect resistor and inductor in series
 
d. Connect capacitor.
 
8. What is the best economical way to start a single phase motor
 
a. Resistive method
 
b. Inductive method
 
c. Capacitive method
 
d. None of the above
 
9. Which of the following Braking system is used in the induction Motor?
 
a. Regenerative Barking
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 b. Plugging Braking
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c. Dynamic Braking
 
d. All of the above.
 
10. A synchronous motor at over excited can be used as:
 
a. Leading power factor
 
b. Motor unity
 
c. Motor lagging
 
11. Induction motor operating at frequency of 50HZ, and no-load speed 2900 RPM. What is the slip frequency?
 
a- 0.33 HZ
 
b- 1.67 HZ
 
12. Induction motor running at asynchronous speed the torque will be
 
a. low
 
b. High
 
c. 0
 
13. Induction load running at stability the slip is
 
a. 1
b. 0  

 
14. Induction motor running with steady rotor (not rotating), the slip will be
a- 1
 
c- 0
Hint:
S = (ns - nr)/ns
- When rotor stop then nr = 0, then s = 1
- When rotor is running at stability this means nr = ns, then s = 0
- When rotor rotate with speed less than ns, then the rang of s = (from 0.01 to 0.3) approximate
depending on the load
 
15. How much is the slip for synchronous generators?
 
a. Zero
 
b. Negative
 
c. Positive
 
16. What are the type of losses inside the alternator:
 
a. Armature losses (Core Losses-Hysteresis Loss & Eddy Current Losses)
 
b. Friction & Windage Losses (Bearing, Fan, rotor etc.)
 
17. Alternator connected on no load condition, what affect the efficiency.
 
a. Speed
 
b. Voltage
 
c. Armature losses
 
18. Changing in the excitation in grid having an alternator connected to it will having the following effect
 
a. Change in active component
 
b. Change in reactive component
 
c. No change
 
d. Power Factor
 
19. If a sudden excitation happens to the alternator what will be its effect:
 
a. Variation in real power on load side.
 b. Variation in apparent power on load side.
 c. Power factor effects.
 
20. Negative voltage regulation for Synchronous Motor
 
a. Load has Leading power factor
 b. Load has Lagging power factor
 d. The frequency of the generated wave form will be affected.
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21. Voltage regulation of an alternator may be ________ if connected to capacitive load
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a.  Negative
b.  Positive
 
c. Zero
d.  Non
 
22. Alternator having negative voltage regulation when load has
 
a. Over speed
 
b. Under speed
 
c. Leading power factor
 
d. Lagging power factor
 
23. At over excitation for alternator, power factor will be
a) leading PF
b) lagging PF
c) Zero PF
d) unity PF
 
24. If an alternator is over excited:
a) P.F is lagging.
b) P.F is leading
c) Depends on load connected.
d) Is Unity
 
25. An alternator is an electromagnetic generator:
a. True
b. False.
26.   The power factor of an alternator depends on
 
a. Load
 
b. Speed of rotor
 
c. Core losses
 
d. Armature losses.
 
27. Zero power factor method of an alternator is used to find its
 
a. Efficiency
 
b. Voltage regulation
 
c. Armature resistance
 
d. Synchronous impedance
Hint:
Determination of Voltage Regulation:
There are mainly two methods which are used to determine the regulation of voltage of a smooth
cylindrical rotor type alternators. They are named as direct load test method and indirect methods of
voltage regulation. The indirect method is further classified as Synchronous Impedance Method, Ampere-
turn Method and Zero Power Factor Method.
 
28. If the input to the prime mover of an alternator is kept constant but the excitation is changed, then the
(a) reactive component (VAR) of the output is changed
(b) active component (W) of the output is changed
(c) power factor of the load remains constant
(d) power factor of the load reduces.
29.   How to change the power factor of a generator
 
a. increase the speed of the rotor
 
b. Increase field current
Hint:
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating
current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature.
Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC
electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by
automotive and other internal combustion engines.
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A conductor moving relative to a magnetic field develops an electromotive force (EMF) in it (Faraday's Law). This EMF
reverses its polarity when it moves under magnetic poles of opposite polarity. Typically, a rotating magnet, called the
rotor turns within a stationary set of conductors wound in coils on an iron core, called the stator. The field cuts across
the conductors, generating an induced EMF (electromotive force), as the mechanical input causes the rotor to turn.
The rotating magnetic field induces an AC voltage in the stator windings. Since the currents in the stator windings vary
in step with the position of the rotor, an alternator is a synchronous generator.
The rotor's magnetic field may be produced by permanent magnets, or by a field coil electromagnet. Automotive
alternators use a rotor winding which allows control of the alternator's generated voltage by varying the current in
the rotor field winding. Permanent magnet machines avoid the loss due to magnetizing current in the rotor, but are
restricted in size, due to the cost of the magnet material. Since the permanent magnet field is constant, the terminal
voltage varies directly with the speed of the generator. Brushless AC generators are usually larger than those used in
automotive applications.
An automatic voltage control device controls the field current to keep output voltage constant. If the output voltage
from the stationary armature coils drops due to an increase in demand, more current is fed into the rotating field coils
through the voltage regulator (VR). This increases the magnetic field around the field coils which induces a greater
voltage in the armature coils. Thus, the output voltage is brought back up to its original value.
Alternators used in central power stations also control the field current  to regulate reactive power   and to help
stabilize the power system against the effects of momentary faults.
How to control power factor output of an alternator in power plant
We can control power factor in a power plant easily. In a power plant the alternator set is supplying power to the grid
independent of load. Thus, in this case there is no load connected to make the power factor lagging or leading, we are
left to control the power factor. Modern power plant control system has automatic system of changing the power
factor by just a command. But how this happens internally is fact to think about.
Say an alternator in a power plant is generating 8.5MW active power and 6.5 MVAr under .85 power factor.
The power factor is the ratio of two power active and reactive. Low power factor means reactive power is high & high
power factor means active power is high. Now say as per demand an operator wants to make the power factor low
say .80. The increase and decrease of power factor command is done in SCDA (Supervisory control and data
acquisition). But as an engineer we need to look-see the internal flow of incident happens when alternator is to control
the power factor. The basic concept of controlling the power factor is to control the ratio of active power to reactive
power.
How active power is controlled in power plant:
One thing only  –  control the fuel to or torque strength of prime mover! So if you like to increase the active power
increase the fuel to diesel engine or increase steam flow to turbine – increasing the torque, and to decrease the active
load or power do the reverse that is decrease the fuel to prime mover.
How reactive power is controlled in power plant:
One thing only – control the excitation power to rotor circuit! If you like to increase the MVAr or reactive power, then
increase the excitation current in the excitation system. And do decrease to do the reverse. The excitation current to
rotor creates magnetic flux. So, by controlling the strength of magnetic flux we are controlling the reactive power.
Thus, the operator when commands to control the active power and reactive power, the system itself automatically
controls the fuel to prime mover and excitation power to alternator

 
30. Breaking for induction motor
 
a. Regeneration
 
b. Dynamic
 
c. Plugging
 
d. All above
 
31. What will be the effect in system, if we over-excite a synchronous generator?
a)  unity Power factor
b)  Lagging Power factor
c)  Leading Power Factor
d)  M/C will stop
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32. What is spinning reserve?
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a. The generating capacity available to the system operator within a short interval of time to meet
demand in case a generator goes down or there is another disruption to the supply.
 
33. Spinning reserve means
a. Power can be produced but not connected to load.
 
34. which dc generator has poor voltage regulation
 
a. series
 
b. shunt
 
c. compound generators
Hint:
During On-load conditions its Differential Compounded DC generator that has the poorest voltage
regulation. In differential compound machine shunt and series field flux are subtracted and the net field
flux is reduced. When the generator is loaded, load current (or armature current) flows through the series
field windings creating magnetic flux that opposes the flux created by shunt field. This results in decrease
of induced emf and, therefore, in terminal voltage. In such generators the terminal voltage drops very
rapidly with the increase in load current and, therefore it is interesting to note that a short- circuit cannot
cause any damage to it.
 
35. If the induction motor speed at no-load is 745 RPM, what is the speed of the motor:
 
a. 700 RPM
 
b. 750 RPM
c.   800 RPM
d.   850 RPM
 
36. If an induction motor at 50 Hz, has a speed at no-load of 745 RPM, what will be the synchronous speed of
the motor:
 
a. 700 RPM
 
b. 750 RPM
 
c. 800 RPM
 
d. 850 RPM
 
37. A 4pole Alternator runs in 750 rpm, what is the frequency?
 
a. 50 HZ
 
b. 25Hz
 
c. 60Hz
 
d. None of the above
 
38. Synchronous speed for motor 3000 RPM, 50Hz, calculate number of poles.
 
a. P = 2
 
b. P = 4
 
c. P = 6
 
39. Synchronous speed for motor 8000 RPM, rotor speed 7500 RPM calculate slip.
 
a. S = 0.0625
 
b. S = 0.2
 
c. S = 1
 
d. S = 0
 
40. A synchronous generator running at a speed of 1200 rpm and its frequency is 100 HZ, then what will be
quantity of poles used in that generator?
a)  8
b)  10
c)  12
d)  4
 
41. The staring torque of a capacitor start motor is
a)  0
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