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UAV Unit 1

The document outlines a course on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones). It discusses the history of UAV development from ancient times to modern military and civilian applications. The course covers introductions to UAV systems and design, avionics hardware, and communication payloads and controls. Key topics include UAV classification, configurations, regulations, autopilots, sensors, telemetry and more. The history section describes early inventors and prototypes leading to modern UAV technology.

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Akhil c.k
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88 views

UAV Unit 1

The document outlines a course on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones). It discusses the history of UAV development from ancient times to modern military and civilian applications. The course covers introductions to UAV systems and design, avionics hardware, and communication payloads and controls. Key topics include UAV classification, configurations, regulations, autopilots, sensors, telemetry and more. The history section describes early inventors and prototypes leading to modern UAV technology.

Uploaded by

Akhil c.k
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UAE 201-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Course Outcomes:
CO1 Introduce to the student about the basic ideas of Unmanned Air Vehicles

CO2 Familiarize the students about the Design of UAV Systems

CO3 Accustom the student to the wide Avionics hardware

CO4 Acquaint the student about the various communication and payloads of UAV
systems
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO UAV
History of UAV –classification – Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems--

models and prototypes –System Composition-applications


Unit 2: THE DESIGN OF UAV SYSTEMS
Introduction to Design and Selection of the System- Aerodynamics and Airframe

Configurations -Characteristics of Aircraft Types- Design Standards and


Regulatory

Aspects-UK,USA and Europe-Design for Stealth--control surfaces-specifications.


Unit 3: AVIONICS HARDWARE
Autopilot – AGL-pressure sensors-servos-accelerometer –gyros-actuators- power

supply-processor, integration, installation, configuration, and testing


Unit 4: COMMUNICATION PAYLOADS AND CONTROLS
Payloads-Telemetry-tracking-Aerial photography-controls-PID feedback-radio

control frequency range–modems-memory system-simulation-ground test-

Analysis-troubleshooting
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO UAV
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
● Commonly known as a drone.
● Aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board.
● Originally developed through the twentieth century for military missions "dull, dirty or
dangerous"
● Non-military applications - include aerial photography, precision agriculture, forest fire
monitoring, river monitoring,environmental monitoring,policing and surveillance, infrastructure
inspections, smuggling,product deliveries, entertainment, and drone racing.
Introduction cont…
● Unpiloted aerial systems have known many names
● RPV (remotely piloted vehicle)
● UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle)
● UCAV (uninhabited combat aerial vehicle)
● FVO (organic aerial vehicle)
● UCAV /S (uninhabited combat aircraft vehicles/system)
● RPA (remotely piloted aircraft)
● RPH (remotely piloted helicopter)
● aerial robotics
● MAV (micro aerial vehicle) etc..
The history of drones
The history of drones cont…
● The first major contribution to the discovery of autonomous mechanisms
occurred during Pythagoras and is attributed to Archytas of Tarantas
(southern Italy).
● In 425 BC the first UAV, A mechanical bird which can fly by a mechanism
placed in the stomach.
The history of drones cont…
● Leonardo Da Vinci in 1483, has designed an aircraft capable of vertical rise.
● The ancestor of today’s helicopter.
● Also in 1508 da Vinci designed a mechanical bird that contained a double
crank mechanism that descended along a cable.
● Later in 1754 Mikhail Lomonosov has designed an axial impeller
● In 1783 Bienvenue Launoy and a counter-model propeller, based on the
Chinese idea.
●
The history of drones cont…
● In 1840 Horatio Phillips has designed a machine capable of vertical flight
routes. It contained a miniature boiler to generate
● In 1860 Ponton d’Amécourt flew smaller helicopters models powered by
steam.
The history of drones cont…
The first uses of drones machines

● In 1849 it was first used an unmanned combat air vehicle when the Austrians
attacked the Italian city of Venice with 200 unmanned balloons loaded with
bombs fitted with timer devices.
The history of drones cont…
● In 1900 Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) presents the concept of wireless control of
the balloon and in 1915 described a fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles in
aerial combat.
The history of drones cont…
● In 1916, occurs the earliest attempt to use an unmanned aerial vehicle
powered so-called “aerial target” by Archibald Montgomery Low (1888-1956)
● Integrated in the control of a gyroscope (1917)
● In 1917 November Kettering Bug plane called “aerial torpedo”, flew in
automatic mode for representatives of the US military, though he was not
ready to fight in the war.
● In 1917, after the war aircraft conversion took place, Standard E-1
The history of drones cont…
● In 1922’s first launch of a target (RAE 1921 - larynx, Figure 2.12) unmanned
carried aboard HMS Argus by the US military.
● in 1933 the British fleet used for withdrawals of practice and training drones
in the Mediterranean. De Havilland DH target drones 82B Queen Bee
The history of drones cont…
● In 1939 the same Reginald Denny introduced a low-cost RC aircraft for
training.
● In the same year, he demonstrates another prototype for U.S. Army:RP-RP-3
and 4.
●
The history of drones cont…
● June 1944 Germany used Fi-103 (V1) during the Second World War known
as cruise missiles.
● In October 1944, the first combat mission and use of a UAV is made from
Balla islands. Japanese positions were bombed by 10 bombs aboard TDR-1
built by the Interstate Aircraft Company in Los Angeles belonging to US Navy.
The history of drones cont…
The postwar period

● In April 1946 the first aircraft flying unmanned scientific research Northrop:
Northrop P-61 Black Widow who have the task of gathering weather data for
U.S.
● In 1955 takes place the first flight of an unmanned aircraft in reconnaissance
(Northrop radioplane SD-1 Falconer/Observer) subsequently used by the US
military and the British company Beechcraft.
Quadcopters
● Quadcopters were among the first vertical take-off and landing vehicles
(VTOLs).
● A quadcopter uses different aerodynamics from an airplane for flight.

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