IS 101 (Part 7/Sec 2) : 1990

(Reaffirmed
( Reaffirmed2000)
2005 )
Edition 4.1
(1997-06)

Indian Standard
METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TEST FOR
PAINTS, VARNISHES AND RELATED
PRODUCTS
PART 7 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS ON PAINT FILMS

Section 2 Resistance to Liquids

( Third Revision )
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)

UDC 667.613.3 : 620.193.2

© BIS 2002

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN , 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Price Group 2
Paints and Allied Products Sectional Committee, CHD 20

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Part 7/Sec 2) (Third Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian
Standards on 29 January 1990, after the draft finalized by the Paints and Allied Products
Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
This standard (Part 7/Sec 2) is one of a series dealing with sampling and testing of paints,
varnishes and related products.
In the preparation of this standard, considerable assistance has been derived from
ISO 2812 - 1974 ‘Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to liquids’, published by the
International Organisation for Standardization (ISO)’.
This standard supersedes clause 19, 20 and 21 of IS 101 : 1964 ‘Methods of test for ready mixed
paints and enamels’.
This edition 4.1 incorporates amendment no. 1 (June 1997). Side bar indicates modification of the
text as the result of incorporation of the amendment.
 IS 101 (Part 7/Sec 2) : 1990

Indian Standard
METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TEST FOR
PAINTS, VARNISHES AND RELATED
PRODUCTS
PART 7 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS ON PAINT FILMS
Section 2 Resistance to Liquids

( Third Revision )
1 SCOPE paint both faces of the panel and to protect the
1.1 This standard (Part 7/Sec 2) prescribes edges. It will be necessary to specify whether
the back of the panel is to be coated with a
general methods for determining the resistance
suitable protective paint or whether both sides
of single-coat paint films, paint systems or
allied products to the action of liquids. of the panel are to be coated with the product or
system under test. The edges of the test panel,
1.1.1 Three methods of test are specified and after coating with the product under test, shall
the method to be used depends on the be sealed by suitable means.
particular requirements of the test material.
Method 1 is intended for more resistant 3.3 The coated test pieces shall be dried (or
stoved and aged) for the specified time and
coatings, requiring longer periods of exposure
unless otherwise agreed, shall be conditioned at
than those which may be tested by Method 2
or 3. a temperature of 27 ± 2ºC and a relative
humidity of 65 ± 5 percent for a minimum
2 SAMPLING of 16 hours. The appropriate test procedure
shall then be carried out as soon as possible.
2.1 A representative sample of the product to
be tested shall be taken as prescribed in 3.4 Thickness of Coating
IS 101 (Part 1/Sec 1) : 1986 ‘Methods of The thickness, in micrometres, of dry coating
sampling and test of paints, varnishes and shall be determined by the method prescribed
related products : Part 1 Tests on liquid paints in IS 101 (Part 3/Sec 2) : 1989 ‘Method of
(general and physical), Sec 1 Sampling sampling and test for paints, varnishes and
( third revision )’. related products : Part 3 Tests on paint film
formation, Section 2 Film thickness
3 TEST PANELS ( third revision )’.
3.1 The test panels shall be of the specified 4 TEST PROCEDURE — METHOD 1
material and where steel, tinplate, aluminium (IMMERSION METHOD)
or glass is specified, they shall comply with the
requirements of IS 101 (Part 1/Sec 3) : 1986 4.1 Reagents
‘Methods of sampling and test for paints, Test liquid as specified.
varnishes and related products : Part 1 Tests 4.2 The test shall be carried out at a
on liquid paints (general and physical), Sec 3 temperature of 27 ± 2ºC unless otherwise
preparation of panels ( third revision )’. Unless specified.
otherwise specified, the test panels shall
be 150 mm × 100 mm × 1.25 mm. 4.3 It is preferable to immerse the test pieces
individually in the test liquid, particularly
3.1.1 For Method 1, the use of rods is preferred when using liquids of high electrical
to eliminate edge effects. One end of each rod conductivity in which electrolytic effects could
shall be rounded to approximately the radius of be of some importance. In certain cases
the rod itself. Unless otherwise specified, the however, it may be more convenient to immerse
rods shall be of steel or aluminium. Suitable several test pieces in a single tank; in these
dimensions for the rods are 150 mm × 15 mm cases, the nature of the test pieces shall be
diameter. It shall be coated by the specified identical and every precaution shall be taken to
method with the product. ensure that the test liquid is unaffected by the
3.2 For Method 1, it is normally preferable to test pieces.

1
IS 101 (Part 7/Sec 2) : 1990

4.3.1 The test pieces shall be at least 30 mm 4.5.5 At the end of the specified immersion
from the sides of the tank and if several pieces period, remove the test piece from the test
are immersed in the same tank, they shall be at liquids, remove any test liquid from the surface
least 30 mm apart. The test pieces shall be by dabbing with a suitable absorbent paper or
electrically insulated from their supports. cloth and examine the test piece after a
4.4 Procedure A (Using a Single-Phase recovery period of one hour or unless otherwise
Liquid) specified for any sign of deterioration of coating
in contact with each liquid phase, and
4.4.1 Place sufficient amount of liquid in a comparing it, if necessary with an identically
suitable vessel to completely or partially prepared but unimmersed test piece.
immerse the test pieces (rod or panel). Immerse Examination and comparison shall be repeated
the test piece in an approximately vertical after a recovery period if so specified.
position using suitable supports, if necessary.
NOTE — Specimens must not be removed for
4.4.2 Cover the container for the duration of intermediate examination without subsequent cleaning
the test to minimize the loss of liquid by and repetition of the immersion procedure
evaporation or splashing. ( see 4.5.1, 4.5.2 and 4.5.3 ).

4.4.3 If specified, aerate, agitate or circulate

5 TEST PROCEDURE — METHOD 2
the liquid. Aeration shall be carried out by (USING AN ABSORBENT MEDIUM)
means of a slow stream of air free from oil and
grease. Make good any liquid losses by the 5.1 Discs of Absorbent Material, not affected
addition of the test liquid or distilled water at by the test liquid approximately 25 mm in
suitable intervals in order to maintain the diameter. For most purposes, compressed paper
original volume or concentration. board 1.25 mm thick shall be suitable.
4.4.4 At the end of the specified immersion 5.2 Test Liquid, as specified.
period, wash the test piece thoroughly in
running water if an aqueous test solution 5.3 Watch Glasses, of suitable size.
has been used or with a solvent known to be 5.4 The test shall be carried out at a
non-injurious to the coating if a non-aqueous temperature of 27 ± 2ºC unless otherwise
test liquid has been used. Remove any residual specified.
liquid from the surface by dabbing with a
suitable absorbent paper or cloth and examine 5.5 Procedure
the test piece after a recovery period of one
5.5.1 Dip the appropriate number of absorbent
hour or unless otherwise specified for any sign
discs in the test liquid and allow the excess
of deterioration of the coating, and if necessary,
liquid to drain. Place the discs on the test
comparing with an identically prepared but
panel, ensuring that they are evenly
unimmersed test piece. Examination and
distributed and at least 12 mm from the edge of
comparison shall be repeated after a recovery
the panel. Cover the discs individually with
period if so specified.
watch glasses of approximately 40 mm
4.5 Procedure B (Using a Two-Phase diameter and of such a curvature that they do
Liquid) not touch the discs. Leave the panel
4.5.1 Insert the coated test piece into a suitable undistributed in an atmosphere free from
vessel so that it rests by means of suitable draughts for the period of test (this period shall
supports in an approximately vertical position not exceed 7 days for this test) except that in
and in the case of panels, with the 100 mm side the case of volatile liquids, it may be necessary
horizontal. to replace the discs with further saturated ones
(if so, this shall be recorded in the test report).
4.5.2 Prepare each of the test liquids by
saturating it, with the other liquid immediately 5.5.2 After the specified period, remove the
before use. discs and wash the panel thoroughly and
4.5.3 Carefully pour the liquid of higher density proceed as in 4.4.4.
down the side of the vessel until the test piece
(rod or panel) is immersed to a depth of 75 mm 6 TEST PROCEDURE — METHOD 3
unless otherwise specified. (SPOTTING METHOD)
NOTE — Care must be taken not to contaminate the
test piece above this level. 6.1 Reagents
4.5.4 Add the second liquid in the same manner Test liquid, as specified.
until the test piece is immersed to a further
depth of 75 mm unless otherwise specified. 6.2 The test shall be carried out at a
Cover the vessel and allow to stand without temperature of 27 ± 2ºC, unless otherwise
agitation. specified.
2
 IS 101 (Part 7/Sec 2) : 1990

6.3 Procedure 6.3.2 Leave the panel undisturbed for the

6.3.1 Place the test panel in a horizontal specific time with a suitable means of covering.
position and apply to the coating, an The test area shall be used to prevent
appropriate number of drops of the test liquid, evaporation.
each approximately 0.1 ml in volume. The
centres of the drops shall be at least 20 mm 6.3.3 At the end of the specified period, wash
apart and at least 12 mm from the edge of the the panel thoroughly and proceed as in 4.4.4.
panel.

3
Bureau of Indian Standards
BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and
attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright
BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form
without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also
reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no
changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of
Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by
referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. CHD 20 (9603)

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue
Amd. No. 1 June 1997

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