Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo # 2.1.1

Hadith
There are 4 main sources/Principles of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence
1. Quran
2. Sunnah/Hadith
3. Ijma
4. Qiyas

The word Hadith (‫ )حديث‬is an Arabic word originally taken from Tehdeeth (‫ )حتديث‬which means to report or to

inform (‫)ربخیااالطعدانی‬. Hadith is singular, its plural is Ahadith (‫)احاديث‬. Before the arrival of the Holy Prophet PBUH, Arab
people used this word in the meaning of news and they would call their famous days Ahadith (‫)احاديث‬. Allah says,
“and we made them ahadith (stories)” (Mominoon:44)
Some of the scholars say, Hadith (‫ )حديث‬means new or modern. It is used against the Quran as the Holy Quran is
qadeem and Hadith (‫ )حديث‬is jadeed.
In the term of Shareeat, Hadith is a reported speech, action or approval of the Prophet.
Literally, the word ‘Sunnah’ means ‘a clear path’ sometimes termed as Hadith, Asar, or Khabar with a little
deference1, is one of the four basic sources of Islamic Law.

Slo # 2.1.2

Types of Hadith
According to the definition mentioned above there are three kinds of Hadith.
1. Hadith Qauli: ( ‫) ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻗﻮلي‬
Hadith-e-Qauli is the kind of Hadith in which the sayings of the prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are mentioned.
Example of Hadith Qauli:
The Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬said, “True believer is that from whose tongue and hand other believers are safe”
2. Hadith-e-Faili:( ‫) ﺣﺪﻳﺚ فعلي‬
Hadith-e-Faili is that kind of Hadith in which the deeds and lifestyle of the holy prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are mentioned.
Example of Hadith Faili:
Hazrat Mughira Bin Shu’ba narrates the action of the Prophet Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬. He said, “When the Prophet
Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬made ablution he did Masah on his hair of forehead, turban and socks”.
3. Hadith Taqreeri:( ‫) ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺗﻘﺮﻳري‬
The word Taqrir implies that while doing something in the presence of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, a Muslim acted in a
particular manner and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬observed it and did not disapprove it. In this way, that person received
the tacit approval of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬regarding that particular action. Such type of Hadith is called Hadith e
Taqreeri.
Example of Hadith Taqriri: Hazrat Qais Bin Amar said, “Once the Prophet saw a person offering prayer after Fajr
prayer. The Prophet asked him, ‘The morning prayer is only 2 rakat?’ The person replied, ‘I’m offering sunnat
prayer which I could not offer before farz prayer’ The prophet remained silent and did not forbid”.

Quran

Slo # 3.1.1

Meaning of the word Quran (‫)قرآن‬

1Hadith is referred to a narrated speech, action and approval of the Prophet and Sunnah is a recommended action
or practice of the Prophet and 4 rightly guided caliphs, though Sunnah is also proved from hadith.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 1 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

1. The word Qur’an is taken from Arabic root word qara’a, Yaqra’u, qira’atun ‫قر ُء ِقر َاءۃ‬ َ ‫ َق َر َء َی‬which means to collect or
to compile.
ٰ ُ َ ‫ َق َر َء َی‬which means Reading or Recitation.
2. Besides ‫ ِقر َاءۃ‬, ‫ قران‬is also the noun of ‫قر ُء‬
3. Sometimes the noun is used in the meaning of object. In this sense the word Quran means most read or recited
book.
َ َ
4. According to some scholars the root of the word Qur’an is “qaraa’in” ‫ قر ِائن‬which is the plural of “qarina” ‫ق ِرینہ‬
which means evidence, argument or symbol.

Shortly, there are certain literal meanings of the word Quran. Among them following are the famous ones.
1. to collect or to compile.
2. Reading or Recitation
3. most read or recited book.
4. evidence, argument or symbol

General Definition:
The Qur’an is a final speech of God brought by Hazrat Jibrael to the final Prophet Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬, verbally and
gradually step by step according to the need of divine guidance, over a period of approximately 23 years and
transferred to us consecutively without any doubt.

The topic and addressee of the Quran is “man” and summary of its teaching is: “What to do and what not to do!”

Divisions in the Quran

As a book, the Quran is divided into 7 stages, 30 parts, 558 sections, 14 bows, 114 chapters and 6236 verses. Some
chapters of it were revealed before migration to Medina which are called Makki chapters and they are 86 chapters
and some chapters were revealed after the migration which are called Madani chapters and they are 28 chapters.

Difference between Quran and other revealed books:

1. Other books were given in the responsibility of the nation, but the nation could not save the books from
changes. but as far as the Quran is concerned, Almighty Allah Himself has taken the responsibility of
preservation of Holy Quran (Surah Hijr: 9). Therefore, the Holy Quran will remain unchangeable book till the
Day of Judgement.
2. This Noble Qur’an is continuation of previous Holy Scriptures. The previous holy scriptures were completely
sent down at once and the Quran was revealed step by step. Thus the Holy Quran was comparatively easy to
understand and follow.
3. Other books were revealed in written format but the Holy Quran was revealed verbally. Thus it became easier
to memorize.
4. Other revealed books were for particular nations and locations, but the Holy Quran is for all nations and all
ages.
5. Other revealed books, along with some major teachings, contained specific teachings for particular nation, thus
they could not solve all the problems of human life. On the contrary, Quranic teachings are universal, which
meet the needs of all aspects of human life.
6. This Noble Quran is continuation of previous Holy Scriptures and last edition. It contains all the major

teachings of previous books. Therefore, Quran is called ‫ مهيمن‬which means watcher over or preserver of the

teachings of past books.

Slo # 3.1.2

Significance of Holy Quran

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 2 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

 A comprehensive book:

The Quraan became the composite and comprehensive Book of all the previous Divine Books. Hence this revealed
Book, the Quraan, integratively incorporated all the principle teachings revealed from time to time in the previous
Divine Books, which were never found in their original form in the nook and corner of the world at that time. For
this purpose, the Quraan very lucidly asserts:

ِ َ ‫ْي ي َ َدي ْ ِه ِم َن ال ْ ِكت‬

ِ‫اب َو ُمهَي ْ ِمنًا عَلَيْه‬ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ‫اب بِا ْْل َ ِّقِ ُم َص ِّدقًا ِلَا ب‬
ِ َ ‫وأَن ْ َزلْنَا إِلَي‬
َ َ ‫ك الْكت‬ْ َ

“And We revealed to you this Book based on truth. It will validate in real earnest all the assertions made in the
previous revealed Books. And it has subsumed all the teachings of those Books” (5:48).

 The Book free from all doubts

No doubt Quran is speech of God. Those who doubted, Allah challenged them to bring a book, 10 Surahs or
even 1 Surah like Holy Quran but they remained unsuccessful.

 The Book free from all changes

Previous books were given in the responsibility of the people to preserve but the people could not save the
books from changes and additions. As far as the Quran is concerned, Allah himself took the responsibility of
preservation of Holy Quran. Allah Almighty says in Surah Hijr verse 9, ‘verily We have revealed this Zikr
(Quran) and verily We are its guardian”. This is why there has not been change of even a letter in the Quran
since it was revealed till today.

 The Book free from internal contradiction

This is also a miraculous quality of Quran that nowhere any contradiction is found in Holy Quran. Its teachings
are totally proved through the reality. Nothing goes beyond the reality.

 The Book clear and complete

The Holy Quran contains the guidance regarding every aspect of the individual, collective and social life. There
is solution of every problem of the world. Quran is the complete code of life.

 The Book Miracle in words

The great poets of Arabia were confused what to say to this Quran. Is it prose or poetry or something else?
Allah challenged them to bring book like Quran but did not accept the challenged. Some great poets recognized
Quran as a speech of God by its words. Though the Quran is neither prose nor poetry but it fulfils both the
needs.

 The Book that contains the historical events missed in history

The Quran describes the true stories of the previous prophets and the destruction of their nations which are
also written in books of other religions, in such manner that one can save himself from destruction by avoiding
the things which the previous nations did.

 The Book of scientific studies

The Holy Quran has told many scientific realities 1400 years ago and the science is proving them true by
passage of the time. The Quran emphasizes to observe the objects of nature.

• Book of True Predictions

Quran has done many predictions for future. Many predictions have been proved true and many are being
proved as the Science is improving and developing. No prediction has proved to be false.

• Complete code of life:

It was imperative that the injunctions given in this Book would have not been suited to the requirements of
that nation to whom he had been sent; but would have been showered to suit the genius, the exigencies, and
the circumstances of the entire humanity. And would have been bestowed in the form and format where the
need of any change would have never been felt. Even it would have included the entire teachings deemed to be
showered to the entire human beings and would have been composite, integrative, sequentially arranged
because this Book had to be a permanent code of life. In other words, it would have been a complete, perfect,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 3 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

comprehensive, immanent, and unchangeable Divine Book. This Quran is really such a Divine Book. That is why
the Quraan itself says:

Allah’s laws based on truth and justice have been set forth in this Book in a complete form. None has the
authority to make any change in these laws (15: 9). That is why the Messenger, the Rasool (pbuh) was very
explicitly told to “Present to them whatever is revealed to you O Rasool, none shall change Allah’s words”
(18:27).

• No need of other book

The Book complete in all respects, not liable to change of any nature, be a Divine guidance to the human beings
of the entire world, how important it is to keep it in tact, preserved and conserved in all respects! That is why
there is a mention in the Quraan: “There is no doubt that it is We, Ourselves, who have bestowed this Quraan
step by step and it is We who shall see that it is always preserved”. (15:9) A preservation of such a kind that
nothing contrary to the Quraanic may even pass to it! Hence says the Quraan: “The untruth, the wrong, the
falsehood from anywhere, neither from the front nor from the back of it will ever come by it”. (41: 42).

This is the only Book, the Quraan, extant on this globe, word by word the same it was revealed and the same in
its pristine originality. The internal evidence, the evidence from within this Book, and the external evidence,
the evidence from history stand witness to this stark fact.

Slo # 3.1.3

Holy Quran the last book

No Messenger No Book
It has been the way of Allah whenever He wanted to send His directions and instructions to a nation He sent
through archangel to the Prophet and the Prophet told the nation. Quran was revealed on the last Prophet
Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬. No other prophet would come after the Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, surely no other book will be
sent. So the Quran is the last speech of Allah.

Book for all times

Other prophets and their teachings were not permanent, rather for some particular nation, particular time period
and particular location, but the Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬is the prophet for all1 and the Holy Quran is the guidance
for whole universe.

Unchangeable Book
It was the way of Allah that whenever teachings of any prophet were forgotten, left or changed He would send a
prophet with new scripture. Before the Holy Quran, Torat, Zaboor and Injeel were sent down but their followers
made modifications in them. Unlike previous books, the Holy Quran is an unchangeable book. Allah says in Holy
Quran:
َِ ‫اِن َِّا َنَ ْ ُن ن َ ِّزَلْنَا ال ِ ِّذک َْر َواِن َِّا لَہ َْل ٰ ِف ُظ‬
‫ون‬
Translation: Verily, We have revealed the Dhikr (i.e. the Qur'an) and surely We will guard it (from corruption).
Therefore, there is no need of other book.

Verifier and Protector of past books

The previous holy books did not contain the guidance for all aspects and spheres of the life. That’s why the holy
books were revealed continuously after one another. But the Holy Quran is complete code of conduct. The Holy
Quran not only exists in its original format as it was revealed and will remain unmodified till the Day of Judgment,
rather it verifies and subsumes all the major and universal teachings of previous holy books and contains further
guidance of every step of the life. For this purpose, the Quran very lucidly asserts:

ِ ‫ْي ي َ َديۡ ِه ِم َن ال ۡ ِكت ٰ ِب َو ُمهَي ۡ ِمنًا عَلَي ۡ ِه‬ ِ ِ

َ ۡ َ‫ب بِا ْۡلـ َ ِّ ِق ُم َص ِّدقًا ِلِّ َا ب‬
ِ َ ‫واَن َۡزلۡنَا ۤاِلَي‬
َ ٰ ‫ك الۡكت‬ۡ َ

1 Say, “o people! I am the messenger to you all (Surah A’raf:158)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 4 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

“We have revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ this Book with the truth, as a confirmation of previous Scriptures and a
supreme authority on them” (Surah Maaida: 48).

This Book is based on truth. It will validate in real earnest all the assertions made in the previous revealed Books.
And it has subsumed all the teachings of those Books

Therefore, the Holy Quran is the final speech and last word of Allah. There is no need of any other instructions.

Slo # 3.1.4

The Qur'an - A Perfect Guidance

The Qur’an is a book which provides the human being the spiritual and intellectual nourishment he/she craves. Its
major themes include the oneness of God, the purpose of human existence, faith and God-consciousness, the
Hereafter and its significance. The Qur’an also lays a heavy emphasis upon reason and understanding. In these
spheres of human understanding, the Qur’an goes beyond just satisfying the human intellect; it causes one to reflect
on implications. There are Qur’anic challenges and prophecies. One of the most exciting fields in recent years has
been the discovery that of the significant amount of scientific information in the Qur’an, including the event of the
Big Bang, embryological data, and other information concerning astronomy biology, etc., there is not a single
statement that has not been borne out by modern discoveries. In short, the Qur’an fulfills the heart, the soul, and
the mind.

The Holy Qur’an gives complete solution and perfect guidance for

 Knowledge about Creator- Who has created us? Who should we worship? Why should we worship? How
should we worship?
 Purpose of creation- What is the cause of our creation?
 What will happen after this life when one dies?
 Reality of Life
 Good and Evil
 Lawful and Unlawful
 Righteousness and Unrighteousness
 Moral and ethical values
 Individual, Social and Collective Life
 Social unrest
 Mass poverty
 Political instability

The topic and addressee of the Qur’an is “man” and summary of its teaching is: “What to do and what not to do!”

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 5 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo # 3.1.5

Preservation-Collection and Compilation of Holy Quran:

Starting of revelation:
Before the Quran started to be revealed, the Prophet Muhammad had used to be isolated in cave Hira where Hazrat
Jibrael, for the first time brought revelation containing initial 5 verses of Surah Iqra. Then surah Muddathir was
revealed in second revelation. And in the last revelation it is said that the verse number 3 of surah Maaida was
revealed on the occasion of Hajj. In this way the Quran completed in round about 23 years.

Periods of collection and compilation of Holy Quran:

There are three periods of collection and compilation of the Holy Quran.
1. Period of the Prophet Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬
2. Period of Hazrat Abu Bakr (�)
3. Period of Hazrat Usman (�)

1. Period of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

From the very beginning, whenever hazrat Jibrael brought a verse or some verses of Quran, the Prophet
called inscribes of revelation and ordered them to inscribe the Quran on leather, parchment, paper, bone, stone,
wooden slides and etc. The Prophet himself memorized the verses and ordered the companions to memorize the
verses and write separately. The Prophet, during his whole life, held a meeting called Arzaa (‫)عرضه‬. In this meeting
the Prophet recited the Quran and his companions listened and vice versa and the companions also used to copy
the main script and make their own treatises. In this meeting, the companions would present their oral recitations
and written material before the Holy Prophet. In case of any mistake, the Prophet would make corrections. This
meeting of the Quran was held twice a day-in the morning and the evening-and continued till the completion of
holy Quran. Before the demise of the Holy Prophet, there were many companions who had memorised the Holy
Quran and made their separate copies, but the Quran was not in the shape of a complete book as it exists now.
Rather, the Quran was preserved in chapters and each chapter was a separate part of Quran. The arrangement of
the verses was set by the Holy Prophet as ordered by Allah and the sequence of chapters was preserved in hearts. 1

2. Period of Hazrat Abu Bakr (�)

When Hazrat Abu Bakr (�) was chosen as the first caliph, after the demise of the Prophet, in the battle of Yawama
many companions were martyred who were hafiz e Quran. Hazrat Umar (�) advised Hazrat Abu Bakr to collect
and compile the Holy Quran in one book so that the Umat e Muslima may not fall into difference like Jews and
Christians. In the beginning Hazrat Abu Bakr (�) denied of the work that was not done even by the Prophet, but
later he became ready to perform this prestigious job. After consultation with great companions he formed a
committee comprising of 7 members under the supervision of Hazrat Zaid bin Sabit (�) and ordered to take very
caring steps in this regard. The committee, after matching their memory and their own written copies, compiled
first complete Quran of the Islamic history and kept it in safe hands. After Hazrat Abu Bakr (�), third and the final
period of compilation of Holy Quran starts in the caliphate of Hazrat Usman (�).

3. Period of Hazrat Usman (�)

This period is considered the golden period of collection and compilation of the Quran. Hazrat Uthman (�) is
called Jami-ul-Quran because he gathered who Ummah at one dialect/accent of the Quran and saved the Ummah

1
Tarteeb-e-Nuzooli and Tarteeb-e-Tauqifi
There are two types of the tarteeb (sequence of verses and chapters of Holy Quran). One is Tarteeb-e-Nuzooli-the
sequence in which the verses of Holy Quran were revealed step by step but not written accordingly. The other is
Tarteeb-e-Tauqifi or Tarteeb-e-Rasooli- the sequence in which the verses were written after revelation. Tarteeb-e-
Tauqifi was set by Almighty Allah Himself and the Prophet PBUH. Whenever any verse was revealed by Almighty
Allah, Hazrat Jibrael told the prophet what sequence should be given to this verse, before or after which verse of
which chapter the verse should be sequenced. The current sequence of the verses and chapters of the Holy Quran is
the Tarteeb-e-Tauqifi.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 6 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

from difference forever. A serious issue related to the recitation of the Qur’an surfaced during the era of the third
Caliph Uthman bin Affan (�). Although the text of the Qur’an was universally accepted but the Arabs from
different parts of the Islamic state recited it according to their dialect. These presented two problems: firstly, that
everybody considered their dialect to be correct which gave rise to disputes; and secondly it was feared that if this
went on, there will be no universally accepted version of Qur’an left.
Caliph Uthman (RAA) ordered a commission to prepare a written text according to the pronunciation of the natives
of Hejaz (the Bedouins). This commission was again chaired by Zaid ibn Thabit (�), the great companion who had
chaired the earlier commission during the caliphate of Abu Bakr (�). The commission prepared the text
accordingly and then several copies were made and sent to different parts of the Islamic state with the instructions
that only this should be considered the official and authentic text of Qur’an.

Hazrat Uthman (�) took following steps in this regard.

1. Hazrat Uthman R.A banned the variety of accents in recitation of Holy Quran which was permissible in the
beginning for facility of the tribes and allowed one and only standard accent of the Quraish tribe.
2. He formed a committee under the supervision of Hazrat Zaib bin Sabit containing 8 members who compiled a
single accent based copy from the copy compiled in the era of Hazrat Abu Bakr R.A.
3. He made 5, 7 or 14 copies of this standard scripture and sent them to different countries to be followed as the
standard and official copy. He issued an order that the further copies be made from that official one.
4. Hazrat Uthman collected all the copies and treatises composed individually in the time of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and
burnt them so that there should be no any mischief later.

Slo # 3.1.6

Existence of God
There have been many views about God around the world. But the major among them are three.
1. Atheism
2. Polytheism
3. Monotheism

According to Atheism, there is no any god, creator and protector of this universe. This universe does not have any
Master and Sustainer. Therefore, Atheists do not believe in existence of any supreme power (God).

The fact that there’s a creation indicates there’s a creator. Every object must have been made, created, developed
by some being. There is a maker of everything in this universe. Nothing takes place without cause. Everything
comes through cause and effect. All objects in the nature like Sun, Moon, stars, mountains etc have been created by
some being and that is God. It’s not necessary to believe on certain things through practical observation and
experiments as Atheists do, for example a child believes on the statement of his father and mother that they are his
parents. A child firmly believes and he never argues on that issue. There are certain things that cannot be proved
through practical observations but no one can deny their existence like fragrance, Feelings and Emotions, Pain,
Happiness, Sadness, etc.

Quran describes in Surah Al-Toor verse 35;

ِ ٍ ِ ْ َ‫ا َم ُخلِ ُقوا ِم ْن غ‬

َ ‫ْی ََش ء ا َْم ُھ ُم اخلَال ُق‬
ِ ِ‫ون‬ ْ

“Or were they created by nothing, or were they the creators [of themselves]?”

When we look at the lives of pious 4 Imams, we come to know that, they not only dispelled all the doubts
about monotheism (Tawheed) but also destroyed Atheism view point about God through their logical arguments.
For example:

1. Imam Abu Hanifah: was posed with this question in a debate with an atheist. The time and date was set for the
debate. The whole village gathered but the Imam did not turn up on time. When he eventually arrived, the atheist
began to taunt him that he was scared and that is why he turned up late.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 7 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

The Imam answered calmly: “I was on my way but encountered a river. There was no bridge or boat to cross the
river. To my amazement, I see a tree coming out of the ground and begin to shape itself in the form of a boat that
enters the water; I was able to board it and cross the river”

The atheist began to laugh and disgrace the Imam. The Imam said the real joke is on you. If this is not possible then
how can this whole world come into existence and be maintained in this order without a creator.

2. Imam Malik: was asked the same question. He replied, “I see a cow, a silk worm, and a honey bee, all eat the
same leaf but they all produce different products. This proves to me that there is a creator who has the power to do
this”.

3. Imam Shafi: replied to this question, “Different language that people speak and use to communicate proves to
me that this world has a creator”.

4. Imam Ahmed Bin Hambal: on being asked this question replied that once he took three eggs of a chicken and
three of a duck and placed them with the mother hen. When they hatched, they were taken to a pond. The ducks
without hesitation jumped into the water but the chicks remained on the bank. Who taught the duckling to jump in
the water and who taught the chicks to refrain from this? There surely has to be a creator.

According to polytheism there are more than one gods for different works in the universe. The best-known
example of polytheism in ancient times is Greek/Roman mythology (Zeus, Apollo, Aphrodite, Poseidon, etc.). The
clearest modern example of polytheism is Hinduism, which has over 300 million gods. Holy Quran criticizes this
doctrine and says in surah Anbia chapter # 21 verse # 22
ِ ‫ان فِيْه َِما ا ِِٰل َ ٌة اِ ِّّل َالل ُّٰہ لَفَ َس َدتَا‬
َ َ ‫ل َو ک‬
“If there were therein other gods besides Allah, verily the both (the heavens and the earth) had been
disordered”
This is a universal law that there can never be two kings in one state at a time so how it is supposed there can be
two or more than two gods with all powers to do or to stop anything. In case of contradiction both the gods will
fight with each other and the universe would be destroyed.
Monotheism (Tawheed) means to believe that Allah is the one and only God worthy of worship. It is
sometimes referred to as monotheism; however; in the purest sense in that no other entity can in any way have the
attributes or be equivalent or even in competition with Allah. All acts of worship that a person does should be to
Allah or for Allah Alone. For example, the prayer should only be to Allah etc.
‫بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم‬

ٌ‫الص َمدُ ََل ْ َيلِدْ َو ََل ْ ُيو َلدْ َو ََل ْ َيكُن هل ُه ُك ُف ًوا َأ َحد‬
‫ُق ْل ُه َو اهللهُ َأ َحدٌ اهللهُ ه‬

“Say He is the one and only. Allah, the Eternal Absolute. He begetteth not nor is He begotten. And there
is none like unto Him”

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 8 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo # 3.1.7

Concept of Aakhirat/Day of Judgment

AKHIRAH

The term Akhirah (‫ )آخرۃ‬is derived from the Arabic root word Akhr (‫ )اخر‬which literally means something which
will transpire next or later, the next or coming; and when used in the Islamic context it signifies the everlasting and
eternal place, time and/or life of the Hereafter, or the inevitable life after death. Akhirah is used against the Arabic
word Dunya (this world) which means close or near.

CONCEPT OF AKHIRAH

In the light of Islamic teachings, the death is not the end of the life. Man is placed in worldly life only temporarily, so
that his moral fiber may be tested in terms of his obedience to God’s will. After death a person steps in/enter
another life which is everlasting/eternal. Thus man’s life is divided into two parts: a brief pre-death period of test
and an eternal life in the post-death period of the world of the hereafter. Everyone has to be resurrected after
death. Everyone will be brought before Almighty Allah for accountability. Those who had committed shirk and kufr
in their worldly life will be thrown into the Hellfire and those who did good deeds will be guided towards the
Paradise. That life after death will never come to an end. This is called Akhirah.

Belief in the Day of Judgement is one of the basic beliefs of Islam. One goes beyond the pale of Islam if he/she does
not believe in Day of Judgment. It is the Day that will mark the end of the world - a day in which Allah will resurrect
all of mankind who had ever lived on the Earth to judge them by their deeds and assign for them Paradise or the
Hellfire.

The people will be gathered on a featureless, flat expanse of ground and the sun will be so near that some people
will be submerged in their own sweat, the level of which depends on how evil or good they were during their life on
Earth.

Muslims are urged to prepare for this Day by following as closely as they can the teachings of Prophet Muhammad
(‫ )ﷺ‬and worshipping no one but Allah.

Some important aspects of the Day of Judgment include:

Belief – Muslims must believe that this Day will occur. As Allah says in the Quran, Surah Al Hood, verse 103: “In
that is a Sign for those who fear the penalty of the Hereafter: that is a Day for which mankind will be gathered
together: that will be a Day of Testimony. Nor shall We delay it but for a term appointed.”

Time – No one knows when the Day of Judgment will be, not even the Prophet or the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel), as
mentioned in a narration in which the Angel asked Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him)
when the Hour was, and the Prophet replied: “The person being asked has as much knowledge about this as the one
asking.”

Major signs – there are many signs that point to the Day of Judgment, and one of the biggest signs is the rising of
the sun in the west. Once this happens, Allah will no longer accept any prayers. For those who disbelieved, they will
see for real what they had disbelieved in.

Start – the Day of Judgment will start when the Angel Israfil blows the horn/trumpet.

Quran invites us to ponder over the man and the universe in the way that:
We should think over the creation of man and the universe so that we can identify their creator.
We should ponder over the organization and maintenance of the universe which proves the existence of God to the
man.
We should observe the discipline of the objects in the universe which prove God’s supremacy over the universe.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 9 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Love for and obedience to Allah

Slo # 3.2

Ethical and social Impacts of love for and obedience to Allah

 One keeps engaged in worships and meditations and tries not to involve in sinful acts which may take him
away from his Lord.
 One keeps fulfilling the rights of Allah and His creatures
 One’s heart melts and becomes kind and tender to everyone because he knows that the creatures are the family
of Allah and Allah does good to only those who do good to his family.
 In this respect, one always tries to fulfil the needs of people, give them favours, tries not to hurt them in any
way.
 The followers and lovers of one and only God form a single family based and civilized society where people
love, respect, prefer and take care of each other.
 Islamic brotherhood and harmony is created among people.

Slo # 3.2.3

expressing love and obedience for Allah through prayers (ibadah) and love for human beings;

 Bowing down in front of someone is a true and highest level of supplication and obedience. If one claims love
for Allah and does not follow His orders, he is not true in his love.
 Offering Salat creates strong feelings of slavery. A true Muslim shows of his love for and obedience to Allah
through Salat.
 We always get ready to bear hardships for the one whom we love the most. Hajj is also a worship in which a
Muslim has to spend his money and consume a lot of physical strength to carry out the Hajj Manasik. In this
way a Pilgrim can show of his love for and obedience to Allah through Hajj performance.

We can express our love for human beings by doing following acts

 People are said to be the family of Allah. Therefore, love for Allah and obedience to Him requires that we
should also do good to His creatures to impress Him and earn His love.
 In this regard, we should love them and give them proper attention, respect and value.
 we should lift their weights, fulfil their basic needs and provide them food and shelter.
 We should educate the illiterate and feed the hungry.

Slo # 3.3.1

Allah has made obedience to the Holy Prophet incumbent upon Muslims

 Allah conveys His messages and instructions through a Messenger. It strongly requires that the Messenger
must be obeyed and followed. Therefore, He made the love for and obedience to the Holy Prophet PBUH
incumbent on Muslims.
 The Prophet is a perfect guidance
 Role model for all. His entire life is recorded. Following his Uswae hasanah, guidance for every aspect of the life
can be sought and easily followed.
 The teachings of the Holy Prophet PBUH are supported with revelation which is mistake free guidance.
Whereas, the basic source of guidance i.e. senses and mind can make mistake.
 Quran is a basic source of Divine Guidance which is in theory. Traditions and teachings of the Holy Prophet are
the practical and true reflection of the Holy Quran.

Slo # 3.3.2

Importance of love and respect to the Holy Prophet PBUH

 Requirement of perfect faith.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 10 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

 Relations with Allah and His messenger strengthen.

 Love for and obedience to the Holy Prophet PBUH is in fact the love for and obedience to Allah.
 Obedience to the Holy Prophet PBUH is surety for acceptance of actions and their reward.
 Obedience to the Holy Prophet PBUH leads to the:
 Virtuous and pious life
 Prosperous life
 Success in Hereafter
 Pleasure of Allah and His Messenger
 Salvation from Hellfire
 Entrance to Paradise

Slo # 3.3.3

Ways to express love and obedience to the Holy Prophet PBUH

Love

 Reciting Durood-o-Salam as more as possible

 No participation in love and respect for the Holy Prophet PBUH
 Visiting his grave with love and affection
 Respecting the family of the Holy Prophet PBUH
 Celebrating Meelad and Seerat conferences

Respect/Obedience

 Preferring prophet’s likes and dislikes over ours

 Following his footsteps
 Obeying his orders
 Refraining from the deeds forbidden by him

Finality of Prophethood
(‫)ختم نبوت‬
Slo# 3.4.1

Khatam literally means seal, end or finality. Therefore, Khatame Nubowat means the end of prophethood.
In term, Khatame Nubowat means that the Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬is the last prophet and messenger of Allah.
He completed the chain of the prophets and messengers which started from Adam (A.S). The process and routine of
appointing Prophets and Messengers by Almighty Allah has been terminated, finished, ended, stopped, and sealed.
None will be appointed as a prophet after Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬. His Prophethood will continue until the Judgment Day.

Slo# 3.4.2

Belief in Finality of Prophethood is as important for being a Muslim as the belief of Oneness of God (Tauheed). Only
that person can claim to be a Muslim who believes in Khatm e Nubuwwat and confesses. Close to one hundred
verses of the holy Quran, directly or indirectly, support the doctrine of the Finality of Prophethood. Verse 40 of the
Surah Al-Ahzab (33), for instance, highlights this teaching in clear terms.
ِ َ ‫ول‬ ِ ِ ِ َ َ
‫ْي‬ ِّ َ ‫ان ُُم َ َِّم ٌد أبَا أ َح ٍد م ْن ِر َجال ُك ْم َول َٰك ْن َر ُس‬
َِ ِّ ‫اّلل َو َخاتَ َم النَِّب ِِي‬ َ َ ‫َما ک‬
"Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the
Prophets: and Allah has full knowledge of all things "‫۔‬
Numerous verses of the Quran indicate that the teachings of Islam have been completed, perfected, and preserved
and have been meant universally for all the Worlds. Such statements eliminate every reason for which a new
prophet may need to be commissioned to humanity.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 11 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

ِ َِّ‫اس بَ ِشْیا َون َ ِذي ًرا َول َٰ ِك َِّن أ َ ْكث َ َر الن‬

َ ‫اس َّل يَعْل َ ُم‬
ِ‫ون‬ ِ َِّ‫اك إ َِِّّل کَافَِّةً ل ِ ِّلن‬
َ َ ‫َو َما أ َ ْر َسلْن‬
ً
"And We have not sent you (O Muhammad) save as a bringer of good tidings and a warner unto all mankind;
but most of mankind do not know.(The Holy Quran, Saba 34:28)

The following teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬deal with the issue of Finality of Prophethood. As
apparent from the references, these Ahadith are authentic and have been recorded by many scholars and reported
by numerous companions of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
ِْ ‫ب بَعْ ِد‬
ِ‫ی‬ َ ْ ِّ ِ‫ا َنَا َخاتَ ُم النَِّبِي‬
َِّ ِ َ ‫ْي َّل ن‬

“And I am the last in the sense that no prophet shall succeed me”. (Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi, Muatta')

“You (Hazrat Ali) are related to me as Haroon (A.S) was related to Moses (A.S). But no Apostle will come after
me”. (Bukhari, Muslim)

“The tribe of Israel was guided by prophets. When a prophet passed away, another prophet succeeded him.
But no prophet will come after me; only caliphs will succeed me”. (Bukhari)

“I am the last in line of the prophets of God and my Masjid is the last Masjid”. (Muslim)

“The chain of Messengers and Prophets has come to an end. There shall be no Messenger nor Prophet after
me”. (Tirmidhi, Musnad Ahmad, Anas bin Malik)

“There will arise thirty impostors in my Ummah and each one of them will pronounce to the world that he is a
prophet, but I am the last in the line of the Prophets of God and no Prophet will come after me”. (Abu Dawood,
Tirmizi)”

Logical Reasons why the Prophet Muhammad is last prophet

1. Previous prophets were sent for particular time, specific area and nation. When a prophet completed his
mission and the nation either accepted him and followed his footsteps or denied and was obliterated and the
prophet passed away, Allah (SWT) sent another prophet. But the prophethood of the Prophet Muhammad is
not for some particular time, area or nation but he is the prophet of all ages, all creatures till the Doomsday.
2. Allah (SWT) used to send prophets to support a prophet or messenger, like Hazrat Musa asked Allah (SWT) to
make his brother Hazrat Haroon prophet for his assistance and then they went together towards Pharaoh and
his nation. But the Prophet Muhammad said, every prophet is given assistant. My assistants are Abu Bakr and
Umar. This is why there is no need of any other prophet.
3. Whenever the teachings of any prophet and messenger were changed by his followers, Allah (SWT) sent
another prophet or messenger to resolve and renew the teachings, but the teachings of the Prophet
Muhammad are as same as he taught his followers. Noting is changed from his teachings. So there is no need of
any other prophet or messenger.
4. Previous prophets were given the teachings for their nations according to the conditions and the approach of
nation. These teachings were not universal. So after a prophet another prophet came with new addition of
teachings. But the teachings which are given to the Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬are universal, contains guideline
for every aspect of the life. So there is no need of any prophet who may bring some new instructions.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 12 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo # 3.4.3

Objectives of teachings of the Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬

Allah Almighty chose all the messengers and prophets from among the human beings and sent them step by step to
different nations in different times. But the main objective of all prophets was same; to tell the people “there is not
god but Allah the worthy of worship”. All the prophets from Hazrat Adam to Hazrat Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬conveyed this
message first then proceeded for other objectives. Here are some other objectives.

1. To introduce creatures with the Creator

2. To divert people to the worship of only one and true God
3. To free the people from the slavery of cruel
4. To convey the true message of God
5. To tell people the actual purpose of life
6. To make the people aware of Allah’s Will and inclination
7. To make people aware of liking and disliking of Allah
8. To declare Islam a supreme religion and make it overcome all other religions (Surah Al-Saff:9)
9. To explain the ways which would bring happiness in this world and in the Hereafter
10. To bring glad tidings of Paradise to those who believed
11. To bring the warning of Hellfire to those who disbelieved

According to surah Jumuah verse 2, the objectives of the prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬are as under:

12. To recite verses of Allah for people

13. To purify the people (from all internal and external, physical and spiritual impurities)
14. To teach the book of Allah to people
15. To teach them wisdom

Slo # 3.4.4

The mutual relationship between the concepts of the finality of Prophet-hood and the
completion of Dīn (religion)
Both the concepts-the Finality of Prophethood )‫ (ختم نبوت‬and Completion of Deen )‫ (تكميل دين‬-are inter-connected.

They cannot be separated from each other. If one concept is denied the other one is also neglected. Completion of
Deen is the key reason of Finality of Prophethood. The Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
ِ ِ‫ب بَعْ ِد ْی‬ َ ْ ِّ ‫ا َنَا َخاتَ ُم النَِّب ِِي‬
َِّ ِ َ ‫ْي َّل ن‬
“And I am the last in the sense that no prophet shall succeed me”. (Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi, Muatta')

Unlike the prophethood of previous prophets, the prophethood of the Holy Prophet is universal. Allah says
ِ َِّ‫اس بَ ِشْیا َون َ ِذي ًرا َول َٰ ِك َِّن أ َ ْكث َ َر الن‬
َِ ‫اس َّل يَعْل َ ُم‬
‫ون‬ ِ َِّ‫اك إ َِِّّل کَافَِّةً ل ِ ِّلن‬
َ َ ‫َومَا أ َ ْر َسلْن‬
ً
"And We have not sent you (O Muhammad) save as a bringer of good tidings and a warner unto all mankind;
but most of mankind do not know.(The Holy Quran, Saba 34:28)

The following portion of the last revealed verse of the Holy Quran is also a testimony that no Apostle with new
instructions or interpretations will ever need to be sent to the humanity:
ِ َ َ
ِ ً ‫الم دين ِا‬ ُ ‫اَلْي َ ْو َم أ ْك َمل ْ ُت ل َ ُك ْم دين َ ُك ْم َو أ ْْت َ ْم ُت عَلَي ْ ُك ْم ن ْع َميت َو َر‬
َ ‫ضيت ل َ ُك ُم ْاْل ِْس‬
"This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed my favor upon you and have chosen for you Islam
as your religion.(The Holy Quran, Al-Maidah 5:3)"

Hence, it is logically proved that a messenger conveys God’s message to mankind, when no prophet would come
after the Prophet Muhammad, no new shariat would be sent. Likewise, when the Deen has been completed, there
would be no need of a prophet or messenger other than the Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 13 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo# 3.6

Zakat ‫زکواۃ‬
LITERAL MEANING ‫وغلیینعم‬
The word Zakat is originated from the word Tazkiyah ‫ تزكية‬which means ‘Purity or Cleanliness’.

TERMINOLOGICAL MEANING ‫االطصیحینعم‬

In Islamic term, Zakat is an act of giving away certain amount of the wealth paid by a person who is sahib-e-Nisab
to the legal recipients of Zakat under Islamic principle at 2.5% per year on his/her savings in monetary terms, gold,
silver, and tradable goods.

OBLIGATION ‫فرتیضزوکاۃ‬
Among the fundamental tenets of Islam Zakat occupies a great importance and it is the third pillar of Islam. It
became obligatory on Muslims in 2nd Hijrah. Zakat is mentioned in Holy Quran for 32 times. A Muslim is strongly
required to believe in Zakat as pillar of Islam and pay it wholeheartedly. One who does not believe so, is announced
a non-Muslim and one who believes so and is capable but does not pay Zakat is a great sinner. Hazrat Abu Bakar
R.A fought Jihad against those who refused to pay Zakat after the demise of the Holy Prophet PBUH.
Allah has made Zakat obligatory on Muslims with certain preconditions. Here are the preconditions of Zakat. If any
of them is missing Zakat would not be obligatory.
1. Muslim (Zakat is not obligatory on non-Muslims)
2. Adult (Zakat will not be paid form the wealth of a child)
3. Wise/sane (Zakat is not obligatory on the wealth of mad person)
4. Independent (Slaves are not bound to pay Zakat)
5. Owner of NISAB (Zakat is not obligatory on those who do not have Nisab)
6. Nisab must be more than basic needs and free from debts
7. One complete Islamic calendar year must pass on Nisab

CONCEPT OF ZAKAT ‫ہفسلفزوکاۃ‬

According to Islamic principle, all things belong to Allah and that wealth is held by human beings in trust. The word
Zakat means ‘purification’ and ‘growth’. Our possessions are purified when we give a proportion for those in need
and this act of giving balances and encourages new growth in our economy. Zakat is given to please only Allah not
for mere show-offs or personal gains. The basic objective of paying Zakat is to create balance in the society and
never let a poor and needy to suffer or die. The basic purpose of Zakat is to maintain economic balance in society so
that circulation of wealth continues from rich to poor and never stays in one hand. In this way, we can overcome
poverty and other social evils from our society.

The zakat purifies our wealth as it goes into the hands of rich to poor, stabilizes economic condition of the society
and ensures that each person is benefitted from the wealth. The rich people have to pay zakat so that differences
and gap between rich and poor is reduced and this way we can guarantee human rights for all. The Zakat helps to
shape the human character of the rich people as it saves them from greediness and selfishness and it establishes
the concept of brotherhood and unity.

Wealth is usually earned individually by hard work and intense dedication. So when we give or share even a small
portion of this, it reflects our strong faith in Allah. It makes us realize what is given by the Grace of Allah and what
we spend. Allah is pleased with those who spend happily in His cause.

IMPORTANCE ‫اتیمہزوکاۃ‬
Poverty is one of the greatest drawbacks of our modern civilization. Poverty has always been widespread in the
world. The Quran takes a closer look at poverty and has recommended several ways to reduce its suffering and
grief in society. Charity can help remove the envy of the poor and instead cultivate a feeling of a fellowship from the
recipients. Zakat maintains economic balance in the society. The zakat purifies the wealth, stabilizes economic
condition of the society and ensures that each person is benefitted from the wealth. The gap between rich and poor
is reduced and human rights are guaranteed. Zakat roots out greediness and selfishness in rich people and
establishes the concept of brotherhood and unity.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 14 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Its significance can be determined by the fact that at several places in the Quran Zakat has been enjoined on
Muslims side by side with Namaz. Almighty Allah says in Holy Quran:
“Establish Prayer and Pay Zakat.”

Zakat purifies the wealth. Allah Almighty ordered the prophet PBUH in Quran:
“Take from their wealth so that you might purify and sanctify them” (Quran 9:103).

Paying Zakat results in great reward from Allah Almighty. The Prophet (SAW) said:
“Whoever gives away charity the size of a date, which is earned lawfully, since Allah only accepts the good
lawful things, Allah will indeed take it with His right Hand and cause it to grow for its owner, just as one of
you raises up his colt, to the point that the charity will become like the size of a mountain.”

Allah removes the (minor) sins by giving Zakat, as the Prophet (SAW) said:
“Giving charity wipes away sins just as water extinguishes the fire.”
Narrated by Abu Ayub R.A:
“A man said to the Prophet "Tell me of such a deed as will make me enter Paradise." The people said, "What is
the matter with him? What is the matter with him?" The Prophet said, "He has something to ask. (What he
needs greatly.)" The Prophet said: "(In order to enter Paradise) you should worship Allah and do not ascribe
any partners to Him, offer prayer perfectly, pay the Zakat and keep good relations with your kith and kin."

Allah's Apostle said,

"Whoever is made wealthy by Allah and does not pay the Zakat of his wealth, then on the Day of Resurrection,
his wealth will be made like a baldheaded poisonous male snake with two black spots over the eyes. The snake
will encircle his neck and bite his cheeks and say, 'I am your wealth, I am your treasure.' " Then the Prophet
recited the holy verses: 'Let not those who withhold . . .' (to the end of the verse (3.180).”

SOME TERMS IN RESPECT OF ZAKAT

NISAB ‫ نصاب‬:
A particular amount of wealth on which Zakat becomes obligatory to give away (along with certain other
conditions).

OWNER OF NISAB/ SAHIB E NISAB ‫ صاحب نصاب‬:

A person who has/possesses that particular amount of wealth and Zakat becomes obligatory.

LEGAL RECIPIENTS / HEADS OF EXPENDITURE/BENEFICIARIES OF ZAKT ‫ مصارف زکواۃ یا مستحقنی زکواۃ‬:

Those needy and poor who are allowed to take Zakat or whom Zakat can be given.

LEGAL RECIPIENTS / HEADS OF EXPENDITURE/BENEFICIARIES OF ZAKT

In Surah Tauba Verse: 60 Allah (SWT) has stated the list of those who can receive money of Zakat. According to this
verse there are eight places where money of Zakat can be spent. Except these places money of Zakat would not be
spent or accepted.
1. Fuqraa (poor & beggars)
2. Masakeen (Needy)
3. Al-Aamileen (Workers of Zakat/ Zakat collectors)
4. Mu-Allafatul Quloob (Attraction of Hearts)1
5. Al-Riqaab (slaves / Captives ‫)الغم‬
6. Al-Gharimeen (debtors‫)رقموض‬
7. Fi-Sabeelilllah (In the Path of Allah‫)اجمدھنیوابلطءوریغہ‬
8. Ibn-us-Sabeel (Traveller‫)اسمفر‬

NISAB (AMOUNT OF WEALTH ON WHICH ZAKAT BECOMES OBLIGATORY)

1In the time of the Prophet, when Islam was weak, money of Zakat was also used to be spent on the non-believers in order to attract their hearts
towards Islam so that they may come near to and accept Islam. But later, when islam strengthened, this type was forbidden to practice. Now
money of Zakat cannot be spent on non-believers even with the intention to attract them towards Islam.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 15 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

1. Gold 7.5 Tola (2.5% of gold will be paid as Zakat when it reaches 7.5 Tola or exceeds it)
2. Silver (2.5% of silver will be paid as Zakat when it reaches 52.5 Tola or exceeds it)
3. Business Goods (When the business goods are worth 52.5 Tola of silver, 2.5% of the business
goods will be paid as Zakat)
4. Cash (2.5% of cash that is worth 52.5 Tola of silver)
5. Agricultural Production (10% of the production of land irrigated on natural system. 5 % on lands
irrigated on artificial system)
6. Herds of animals (Three types of animals, Camels, Cows or buffalos and Goats or sheep)

NISAB OF ANIMALS
Camels Zakat to be paid
05 to 09 1 goat/sheep
10 to 14 2 goats
15 to 19 3 goats
20 to 24 4 goats
25 to 35 5 goats or a one-year camel
36 to 45 1 two years’ camel
46 to 60 1 three years’ camel
61 to 75 1 four years’ camel
76 to 90 2 two years’ camel
91 to 120 2 three years’ camel
Then for every 40 camels, 1 two years’ camel is to be paid as Zakat

Cows/Buffalos Zakat to be paid

30 - 39 One 1 year calf
40 – 59 One 2 years calf
Over sixty, on every THIRTY, One 1 year calf and On every FOURTY, One 2 years calf shall be given.
Example:
If 70 (30+40)

ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ZAKAT

1. Equal Distribution of Wealth

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 16 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

2. Solution for Unemployment

3. With the help of zakat, your money circulates in the whole economy. As zakat is an obligatory act, Muslims who
are financially stable, pay zakat to the needy. This way, money gets out of the ones who are wealthy enough
and reaches those who are not much privileged.
4. It helps in reducing the poverty from society.
5. While paying Zakat reduces the chances of deflation in the country or in a society.

SOCIAL BENEFITS OF ZAKAT

1. The most important benefit of zakat is that it helps building the society. If everyone keeps on saving the money
and spends on themselves, then the less privileged will always remain poor. Therefore, with the help of Zakat,
people learn to support others in need.
2. It cleans one’s character from being a miser. In today’s world, wealth has become an important aspect of life
which everyone loves to have. Therefore, when a person pays from his wealth in the form of zakat, it means
he/she is sacrificing wealth in the path of Allah.
3. It makes an Islamic society a single family in which the rich help the poor.
4. Zakat removes the grudges and deceased feelings found in the hearts of the poor and needy for rich.
5. Protection of Needy Persons
6. Protection of basic rights of the poor.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 17 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

SLO # 3.5.3
Efforts taken for promotion of knowledge in the time period of the Holy Prophet PBUH

1. The Holy Prophet held a class based on teaching and learning from the beginning of the prophethood up to the
demise called Majls-e-Arza. In this class, the holy prophet taught Holy Quran to his companions. The
companions used to memorize Quran and preserve it in writings. The Holy Prophet used to make corrections
in their recitations and writings wherever needed.
2. Before migration to Madina, the Holy prophet arranged a house of Hazrat Arqam R.A called DAR-E-ARQAM for
inviting to Islam and teaching Quran. All this was done secretly due to the situation. Therefore, this house of
learning can be called the first ever learning place of Islamic history.
3. The holy prophet also appointed some teachers for teaching to others. At Makkah the teachers used to teach
hiddenly and secretly. This can be understood clearly from the event of Hazrat Umar’s R.A acceptance of Islam
when he heard his sister and her husband had accepted faith and went home to investigate it. At that time, they
were learning Quran from Hazrat Khabbab bin Arat. At Madina, the prophet PBUH appointed teachers in
different Masaajid who taught Holy Quran to the people.
4. The Holy Prophet opened the first organized school of Islamic History for those who were poor. He
accommodated them in side of Masjid-e- Nabavi and provided food. They were called As’hab-e-Suffa or Ahle-e-
Suffa. Suffa was a platform (‫ )چبوترہ‬inside Masjid-d-Nabavi. He also appointed his companion Ubada bin Saamit
(R.A) especially for teaching to As’hab-e-Suffa.
5. The Holy prophet sent different teachers to different cities to teach Islam and Wisdom. Among them, Musa’b
bin Umair to Madina, Itaab bin Usaid to Makkah, Muaz bin Jabal to Yemen, and Amar bin Hazam to Najran were
sent.
6. The Holy Prophet ordered the captives of Badar who were unable to pay money for their freedom and they
knew reading and writing, to teach reading and writing to 10 Madanian who did not know reading and writing.
After performing this duty, they were set free.
7. In spite of all that, the Holy Prophet PBUH delivered unlimited sayings and quotes regarding seeking
knowledge, including orders, motivations and praises for knowledge seekers which urged the believers to seek
more and more knowledge as well as to propagate and promote it. The holy Prophet PBUH said, “preach what
you hear from me, it may be even a single verse”.

Importance of Seeking Knowledge

1. “And say: My Lord, increase me in knowledge.” (Quran 20:114)

2. “Allah raises of those who believe and those who have been given knowledge many levels.”(Quran 58:11).
3. Those who are literate and those who are not cannot be equal. (Zumur:9)
4. “Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim.” (At-Tirmidhi)
5. “Seek knowledge from cradle to grave”.
6. “The excellence of a scholar over another (ordinary) worshipper is like the excellence of me over the least of
you.” (Al-Tirmidthi)
7. “The excellence of a scholar over another (ordinary) worshipper is like the excellence of the full moon over the
rest of the heavenly bodies.”
8. “Ink of a scholar is holier than the blood of a martyr”.

3.5.5
human beings are superior over other living because of knowledge

if we use senses, the animals do better. If we know the God and worship Him, the animals do better. But we can
prove His existence through Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method which no creature can do. The reasoning
power, philosophy and logic, behavourism Ethics and Morality all of that is given to the Human only. Therefore,
among the entire list of creatures, Almighty Allah chose only Humans as His vicegerent (‫)نائب‬, put the burdens of
Shariat on them and made them superior to all.
Well, the following attributes, the humans have adopted because of knowledge which make humans superior to all.
1. Reasoning power
2. Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method
3. Ethics and Morality
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 18 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

4. Behaviourism
5. Instincts controlling powers
6. Solutions to problems
7. Foresightedness (Humans perform their all activities keeping their results and consequences in mind)
8. The man has found the reasons of diseases and their solutions
9. The man has not only made his life secure but he has also secured his health, wealth future and everything
related to him.
10. Only the man has learnt to live together in a society through which he has made his life easier and successful.
11. Only the man is a creature who has subdued every creature through his knowledge. Mountains, lands, forests,
oceans, rivers, fire, skies in short, almost nothing is left behind which is not controlled by the Humans.

Slo # 4.1.1
Development of Arts and Sciences amongst Muslims
Many people think that culture means art, music or some social habits. The word “culture” has many meanings. In
Arabic it is called “Thaqafah.” The culture is defined as patterns of behavior and thinking that people living in social
groups learn, create, and share. Culture distinguishes one human group from others. It also distinguishes humans
from other animals. A people’s culture includes their beliefs, rules of behavior, language, rituals, art, technology,
styles of dress, ways of producing and cooking food, political and economic systems.
Islam has a distinct culture. The culture in Islam is not Arabic or eastern or Middle Eastern. It is also not
monolithic. It has varieties and a rich diversity. There are elements in Islamic culture that are constant and that are
universally accepted by all Muslims; but there are also elements in Islamic culture that are diverse and different
from country to country and people to people. The universals are based on the Qur’an and Sunnah while the
variables are based on local customs (urf and‘adat) of various people. Thus there is an Arab Islamic culture, Indo-
Pakistani Islamic culture, African Islamic culture, Chinese Islamic culture and so there can be an American or
Western Islamic culture.
Wherever we live we should develop our distinct Islamic culture and we should collaborate and interact with
people of diverse cultures. Our culture is based on the Qur’an and Sunnah as well as on great human experience
and learning. We have benefited from the knowledge of all people and we should be open to all knowledge in order
to keep our culture strong and dynamic.

Slo # 4.1.2

However, we should always keep in mind some basic features and characteristics of our Islamic culture. Wherever
we live we should not forget these features. These features are constant and no Islamic culture can be without
these features.
Some characteristics of Islamic culture:
1. God-centered or theocentric: First of all, our culture is God-centered. We uphold strict Tawheed (monotheism).
We believe in divine guidance that came to us through God’s many prophets and messengers and finally through
the Last Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon them all. We believe in life after death and the Day of
Judgment. We emphasize worship and devotion: prayers, fasting, Zakat and Hajj. We also uphold that Allah has
allowed us certain things and has forbidden us certain things. We emphasize the Halal and avoid the Haram.
2. Egalitarian, tolerant and fraternal: Secondly our Islamic culture emphasizes that all people are equal. We do
not accept any color bias or racialism. We believe in the worth and value of all human beings and all creation of
God. We believe in the freedom of religion and accept no compulsion in matters of religion.
Our culture is tolerant of people of all faiths, especially the People of the Book. We believe that all Muslims are
brothers and sisters. The sense of brotherhood in faith must be very strong among Muslims, regardless of the
geographic boundaries or changing political or economic conditions. We also must keep good relations with all
human beings, especially our neighbors.
3. Dignifying and moralistic: Our culture places great emphasis on the dignity of human beings and their
morality. We emphasize truthfulness, honesty, modesty (Haya’), cleanliness or Taharah.
We are against extravagance, show off, or extremism. Our Islamic culture teaches self-confidence and self-reliance.
It emphasizes charity and generosity. Our culture is family-oriented with great emphasis on good spousal relations,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 19 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

good care of children, extended families, love and respect for the elders. We abhor adultery, fornication,
homosexuality, gambling, or use of intoxicants.
Wherever we live at any time and among any people we must uphold these values. We cannot be true Muslims if
our culture compromises on these principles.
4. Dynamic, progressive, world affirming and not world-denying or ascetic: Our culture emphasizes struggle,
change, social justice, removal of oppression and evil.
Our culture encourages learning, education, seeking of knowledge. Our Islamic culture makes no bifurcation
between the religious and secular education. We believe that all knowledge is important. We must emphasize open
mindedness and willingness to accept the wisdom from any source. Islamic culture promotes good art,
architecture, aesthetics, health, healthy environment and clean entertainment.
5. Non-exclusivist but Da`wah-oriented and optimistic: Finally, our Islamic culture emphasizes promoting good
things with wisdom and patience. Ours is not a dominating or colonizing culture, but it is also not an exclusivist and
isolationist culture.
We believe in inviting all people to Islam without force. Our culture teaches to listen and dialogue with others. We
believe that human nature is good and if people are given chance to know and learn Islam as it is, they will find it
satisfying and fulfilling.
We strongly believe that the truth will prevail and falsehood will vanish. Our culture emphasizes patience and
reminds us that we should keep working in a steadfast manner and put our total trust in our Creator, Allah the Lord
and Sustainer of the worlds.
Slo # 4.2.1

Importance of Education in the Development of Islamic Civilization

The Muslim universities of those days led the world in learning and research. All knowledge was their field, and
they took in and gave out the utmost knowledge attainable in those days. They were probably the most enlightened
institutions that have ever been a part of a religion. Following these commands and traditions, Muslim rulers
insisted that every Muslim child acquired learning, and they themselves gave considerable support to institutions,
and learning in general.

This contributed largely with the commands of Islam to make elementary education almost universal amongst
Muslims. It was this great liberality, which the Muslims displayed in educating their people in the schools which
was one of the most potent factors in the brilliant and rapid growth of Islamic civilization. Education was so
universally diffused that it was said to be difficult to find a Muslim who could not read or write.

Every place, from the mosque to the hospital, the observatory, to the madrassa was a place of learning. Scholars
also addressed gatherings of people in their own homes. The mosque played a very great part in the spread of
education in Islam. Once established, such mosques could develop into well-known places of learning, often with
hundreds, sometimes with thousands of students, and frequently contained important libraries.

Teaching and learning in most large mosques became a fully-fledged profession, and the mosque school took on the
semblance of a university later on. So important centers of higher learning, indeed, that many of them still exist
today as the oldest universities in the world. Amongst these Al-Zaytuna in Tunisia, Al-Azhar in Egypt, and Al-
Qarawiyyin in Fez, Morocco.

The universities of Granada, Seville and Cordoba were held in the highest estimation by the scholars of Asia, Africa
and Europe, and in the ninth century, in the department of theology at Cordoba, alone, four thousand students were
enrolled, and the total number in attendance at the University reached almost eleven thousand. And on the eve of
the British occupation, in Al-Azhar, were already 7600 students and 230 professors.

In the early Islamic era, the mosque was used for the teaching of one or more of the Islamic sciences and literary
arts, but after the mid ninth century, more and more came to be devoted to the legal sciences. Scientific subjects
were also delivered, and included astronomy and engineering at Al-Azhar, medicine also at Al-Azhar and the
mosque of Ibn Tulun in Egypt. At the Qarawiyyin.

In more than one respect Islam influenced Europe and subsequently the rest of the world with its system of
education, including universality and its methods of teaching and granting diplomas.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 20 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

The influence also came in the form of the many translated books of Islamic scholars which formed the core of
European education in their first universities (Montpellier, Bologna, Paris, Oxford…), which all were founded in the
twelfth-thirteenth centuries.

Jamia means at once both mosque and school, even when they are separate buildings, most often distant from each
other. Finally, `Jamia’, the word for university in Arabic derives from Jami, mosque. No similar derivation exists in
any other language or culture; no better association between Islam and higher learning than this.

These 'Ulama were the most enlightened thinkers of their time and saved Islamic culture from deterioration in a
thousand ways. The 'Ulama who sought for knowledge “even though it were in China”.

Decline of Islamic Science and Art

The Crusades put the Islamic world under pressure with invasions in the 11th and 12th centuries, but a far greater
threat emerged from the East during the 13th century: in 1206, Genghis Khan established a powerful dynasty
among the Mongols of central Asia. During the 13th century, this Mongol Empire conquered most of the Eurasian
land mass, including China in the east and much of the old Islamic caliphate (as well as Kievan Rus) in the west. The
destruction of Baghdad and the House of Wisdom by Hulagu Khan in 1258 has been seen by some as the end of the
Islamic Golden Age.[71] Later Mongol leaders, such as Timur, destroyed many cities, slaughtered hundreds of
thousands of people, and did irrevocable damage to the ancient irrigation systems of Mesopotamia. Muslims in
lands subject to the Mongols now faced northeast, toward the land routes to China, rather than toward Mecca.

In the Iberian Peninsula, the Catholic Monarchs completed the Reconquista with a war against the Emirate of
Granada that started in 1482 and ended with Granada's complete annexation in early 1492, which also marks, for
some historians, the end of the Islamic Golden Age. The Ottoman conquest of the Arabic-speaking Middle East in
1516-17 placed the traditional heart of the Islamic world under Ottoman Turkish control. Starting in the 16th
century, the opening by the European powers of new sea trade routes to East Asia and the Americas bypassed the
Islamic economies, greatly reducing prosperity by the start of the 17th century.

Free thought

There is little agreement on the precise causes of the decline, but in addition to invasion by the Mongols and
crusaders, and the destruction of libraries and madrasas, there is evidence that political mismanagement and the
stifling of ijtihad (independent reasoning) in the 12th century in favor of institutionalised taqleed (imitation)
thinking played a part. The caliph al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861) enforced a more literal interpretation of the Qur'an
and Hadith. Science and rationalism were dismissed in favor of revelation, and Greek philosophy was condemned
as anti-Islamic.

Economics

To account for the decline of Islamic science, it has been argued that the Sunni Revival in the 11th and 12th
centuries produced a series of institutional changes that decreased the relative payoff to producing scientific
works. With the spread of madrasas and the greater influence of religious leaders, it became more lucrative to
produce religious knowledge.

How To Revive The True Spirit Of Islam In Muslim World

There is no denying the fact that at present the condition of Muslims all over the world is beyond explanation. This
plight of Muslims is a representation of the plight of Islam, therefore, it is not only the Muslims who are
experiencing the downfall, it is Islam that is going through the downfall because of Muslims.

Islam and Muslim Ummah have once enjoyed dominance over the world in pretty much the same glory as the West
at present enjoys over the rest of the world. Although Muslims have spread across the world and Islam is no more a

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 21 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

religion confined by regional boundaries, however, all of it has brought nothing good to Islam, rather despite all its
expansion, Muslims all over the world share similar traits of being ignorant, backward, illiterate, unjust, uncivilized
and so on.

Islam is a religion of peace, prosperity, equality, justice, well-being of the society and every other good quality that
a person can associate with a good and ideal system of living. Therefore, at present what has happened is that Islam
has lost its essence and there are few Muslims who live by the true spirit of Islam. Therefore, the need at present is
to revive the true spirit of Islam in Muslim Ummah.

Education:

The first thing to clarify here is that education does not stand for literacy, rather it stands for enlightenment.
Muslim countries are far behind the developed world when it comes to literacy rate and it is quite natural for them
to be less enlightened as well due to less literacy. Muslims need to realize that in order to move forward in the
world and stand for what Islam stands for, they need to get education in worldly literacy and religious
enlightenment both. There are Muslims who go for worldly education only and keep the understanding of religion
to a rudimentary level, whereas, there are other Muslims who resort to religion only and do not give importance to
worldly learning. Muslims need to realize that it is their religion that encourages them to ponder over life and gain
knowledge from every possible place where it is available to them. Thus, the spirit of Islam undoubtedly does not
lie in a Muslim leaving religion and following worldly education only, neither is it in only following religion without
any attention to the world, rather it lies in the combination of two and the education of Muslims should comprise of
worldly as well as religious education.

Quran:

No matter how progressed and how advanced the West is and how intellectually superior they think they are, there
is still one thing that Muslims have that can make them rise in the world at anytime. That particular thing is the
Quran. It is the word of Allah, and the reason why Muslims, despite having this unique and heavenly Book are still
in such a plight where there is nothing but misery for them. The reason for it is the fact that they have lost their
connection with Quran. It is Quran in which Allah has addressed people and told them what they need to do in
order to be successful in this world and the world to come. Muslims have left it and made it only limited to Quran
recitation on daily bases. The recitation of Quran does bring reward, but what Quran intends to convey is much
more than just reward. A Muslim needs to read Quran with the intention of understanding because when a Muslim
dwells in understanding, he or she then realizes what the message is, however, there again is the hurdle of people
learning that much Quran what much is told to them by dogmatic people. The need is that a Muslim explores and
tries to learn Quran on his or her own so that he or she is able to understand Quran under personal reflection and
then implement it in life. Once, Muslims start implementing Quran in their lives, they will surely revive to the
former glory and grandeur.

Establishment Of Justice:

The mark difference between the Muslim world and the Western world is the justice system that the latter has
been able to establish in its society. In West, the prosperity of the nation and the civility of the society all depends
upon their justice system and it is on the basis of this that they have been able to achieve peace as well as
prosperity. On the other hand, in the Islamic world at present there is the lack of justice system and everywhere in
the society there is nepotism and corruption. The absence of justice deprives the Muslims to contribute to their
society in a healthy manner.

What Muslims need to do is to realize that the establishment of justice is a major and integral tenet of Islam and the
entire Islamic society depends upon availability of justice to all without any discrimination. Islam set the
foundation of rights and obligations in the Arabia, it allowed people of different races to stand together and thus be
held accountable for their rights and obligations towards each other. Therefore, if the Islamic system is to be
revived, it is imperative that Muslims establish a transparent justice system that protects the rights of people and
does not allow any exploitation and oppression of the weak.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 22 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

In short, the list is endless when it comes to the things to be done to revive the true spirit of Islam in Muslim
Ummah. No matter whatever measures that Muslims take in doing so, the thing they have to remember is that the
understanding of Quran and the Sunnah of Muhammad (PBUH) will always stand as the foundation stone on which
the revival will be possible. Ignoring them takes Muslims to the condition they are presently in, therefore, the
understanding and implementation of the tenets of Quran and Sunnah need to be ensured in the Muslim world for
the Muslim world to return to its former glory and grandeur.

Leadership:

Muslim ummah requires a true and faithful leader. Who should implement genuine Islam and grasp better
conditions of contemporary world. As well as act as example for younger generation, in all aspects.

Promote Brotherhood:

Develop the concept of Islamic brotherhood and mutual understanding and cooperation.

The Quran says: "All the Muslims are brothers."

Unity and act as single body:

Quranic injunctions and the Prophetic teachings require that the Muslim Ummah should act as a single body. The
geographical barriers should not divide them into different nations with conflicting objectives. All the Muslim
countries must have a united face at least with reference to the common objectives of the Muslim Ummah vis-à-vis
the rest of the world.

Modernization without Westernization:

All the challenges confronting the contemporary Muslim world, the greatest appears to be that of modernity.
Muslims who consider themselves the caretakers of "the Islamic way of life" are aware of the fact that viability in
the modern technological age requires the adoption of the scientific outlook, which inevitably brings about major
changes in modes of thinking and behavior.

"modernization"--is largely identified with science, technology and a better standard of life; "westernization"
referred as--is largely identified with mass western culture and moral degeneration and disintegration.

Economic stability:

Political stability:

Slo # 8.2.4
Diversity of Culture in Pakistan
Many people think that culture means art, music or some social habits. The word “culture” has many meanings. In
Arabic it is called “Thaqafah (‫)ثقافت‬.” The culture is defined as patterns of behavior and thinking that people living in
social groups learn, create, and share. Culture distinguishes one human group from others. It also distinguishes
humans from other animals. A people’s culture includes their beliefs, rules of behavior, language, rituals, art,
technology, styles of dress, ways of producing and cooking food, political and economic systems.
Pakistan Culture comprises numerous ethnic groups: the Punjabis, Kashmiris, Sindhis in east, Muhajirs, Makrani in
the south; Baloch, Hazaras and Pashtun in the west; and the ancient Dardic, Wakhi, Baltistani and Burusho
communities in the north. The culture of these Pakistani ethnic groups have been greatly influenced by many of its
neighbors, such as the other South Asians, Turkish peoples as well as the peoples of Central Asia and the Middle
East.
The origins of the current Pakistani culture can be traced back to the Indus Valley civilization, which was
contemporary with the ancient Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations, around 5500 years ago. The region has formed
a distinct unit within the main geographical complex of South Asia, the Middle East and Central Asia from the

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 23 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

earliest times, and is analogous to the position of Afghanistan. There are differences among the ethnic groups in
cultural aspects such as dress, food, and religion, especially where pre-Islamic customs differ from Islamic
practices. Their cultural origins also reveal influences from far afield, including China, India and Afghanistan.
Pakistan was the first region of South Asia to be fully impacted by Islam and has thus developed a distinct Islamic
identity, historically different from areas further east.
Culture of Pakistan
Life style basically shows the living standard of people. All the provinces of Pakistan have different life style.They
spoke different languages, dress up themselves according to their culture and the variety of food makes them
unique from others. Thus cultural effect can be seen in their life styles.
Sindhi Lifestyle:
Like the people of Punjab, Sindhi spoke Sindhi language that is an ancient language and speaks in most parts of the
Pakistan. The people of Sindh wear Sindhi dresses i.e loose kameez and the shalwar and love to eat Sindhi food.
In typical Sindhi wedding, the food is mostly Sindhi mutton, curry, palak, chnna, daal, dilpasand curry. Sindhi
people are very initiative to work and their handicrafts have a unique and a different style. Sindhi culture can be
seen in Sindhi tablos and shows. Sports that are famous in Sindhi culture includes Malakhiro, kodi kodi, wanjh wati
etc. Similarly, Sindhi music is unique i.e Sufi music is performed at shrines. Sindhi poetry like the poetry of Shah
Abdul Latif Bhattai, Sheikh Ayaz, Ustaad Bukhari, Sachal Sarmast is very famous in Pakistan.
People of Sindh love to wear Sindhi toppi that is the most eminent feature of Sindh culture. Its city Queeta food also
had a great demand worldwide. The Sindhi people are hardworking, hospitable, open minded and peaceful in their
nature. Although in Sindhi temples, images of Sri Rama and Sri Krishna are placed. Folk Lories of Sindh also had a
great importance.
Punjabi Lifestyle:
Punjab is also the province of Pakistan; its land is considered to be the land of five rivers. Punjabi culture is the
culture of Punjabi people that has been the richest and the oldest culture in the world history. The peoples live in
Punjab have different cast like some are of Rajput, gujjar, syed, Sheikh, Arai, these are all cast. The main site of
Indus valley civilization in Punjab was the city of Harappa.
Punjabis speak a language called Punjabi. The language of the region is Punjabi. Punjabis is a plural and refers to
people who come from the area known as Punjab. Punjabi language has its originating source in Sanskrit Punjab
has always been land of great saints and fighters. Music of Punjab is becoming famous all over the world especially
the Bhangra is the most eminent feature of culture. Punjabis are very hardworking, love to hear music and dance
which can be seen in their Bhangra beats that is becoming famous day by day. Weather of punjab is very moderate,
which shows a mild nature of their behavior. The people are also very religious and fashionable the same. Hence
punjab is famous for its food also that people from all over the world love to eat and like come to Pakistan.
Balochi lifestyle:
Baluchistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical areas approximately 48% of Pakistan. Baluchistan
culture is primarily tribal and conservatives,
Balochi dry fruits are very famous all over the world. Their special item Sajji is liked and loved by alot. They also eat
roasted lamb sand mutton. Their dress code is very special i.e shalwar qameez and turbun. Women like to wear
froks and shalwar. Their jewelry is made of metal which has a great attraction for them. Leather and goat heir
works has gain popularity in the world.
Now shoes, sandles, prayers mats, matting for stone shelter are getting popularity. Most of the women do
embroidery on clothes. Thus balochi culture is also rich in poetry and literature.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 24 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 25 of 26
Mauzua’ti Mutala’a-ISLAMIAT Notes for Grade IX Updated on December 2020

Slo # 8.2.5
Promoting integrity and tolerance in different cultures
 To focus and work on the common values and teachings of different religions and cultures of the world instead
of emphasizing on the differences that tear us apart.For those with no religion, keen observation of nature is
recommended because nature is always at peace with itself.
 To behave like friends to each other with pure heart, sympathy and good intentions.
 To let decent behaviors, sincerity and kindness be our second nature in life.
 To desist from abusing and insulting other peoples’ holy personages, cultures and races.
 Nations should avoid policies that are only beneficial to themselves. For example, immigration policies, that
hinder the coming together of people of different beliefs.
 Imbibing the spirit of forgiveness and unconditional love.
 To show respect, love, understanding and tolerance to all humans irrespective of race and religion.
 Forming network of young people to encourage solidarity and promotion of social interaction and peaceful co-
existence.
 By publishing material based on the topics of Peace and tolerance within the country.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compiled by: Imran Ali Peerzada Lecturer Islamiyat at IBA C.C Dadu ([email protected]) Page 26 of 26