DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

Practical File for IT Skills Lab – II

Session: 2022-

2023 Subject

Code: KMBN-251

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Faculty Name: Dr. Manjeet Kumar Student name: XXX
UNIT - I
 PIVOT TABLES

For data analysis, PivotTables are one of the most useful features in
Excel. They can be used to summarize a large amount of data with very
little effort and time.

1.Open PivotTables_Practice.xlsx and go to the DATA sheet. Select the

entire dataset (A1:E33) on the sheet to create a Pivot Table.
2. Go to the Insert tab and under the Tables group, select PivotTable. The
Create PivotTable dialog box will pop up.
3.In the dialog box,
a. for Table/Range under Choose the data that you want to analyze,
confirm the range assigned is the same as selected in step 1, and
b. for Choose where you want the PivotTable report to be placed, select
New Worksheet.
4.Click OK. A blank PivotTable and a PivotTable Fields pane will appear
at the right of the window.

ADDING FIELDS TO THE BLANK

PIVOT TABLE

The PivotTable Fields pane comprises fields and areas.

Fields represent the columns in your data and sites
decide the layout of the PivotTable report.

There are 4 areas available – ROWS, COLUMNS, Σ

VALUES, and FILTERS.

In the ROWS area, fields we want to appear as rows

are placed.
In the COLUMNS area, fields we want to appear as
columns are placed.
Σ VALUES area assigns the fields you want to
summarize the data by.
In the FILTERS area, place fields by which we want to
filter the summarized data.
 WHAT-IF ANALYSIS

What-If Analysis in Excel allows you to try out different values

(scenarios) for formulas. The following example helps you master what-
if analysis
quickly and easily.

Assume you own a book store and have 100 books in storage. You sell a
certain % for the highest price of $50 and a certain % for the lower
price of $20.

If you sell 60% for the highest price, cell D10 calculates a total profit of 60 *
$50 + 40 * $20 = $3800.
Create Different Scenarios
But what if you sell 70% for the highest price? And what if you sell 80% for
the highest price? Or 90%, or even 100%? Each different percentage is a
different scenario. You can use the Scenario Manager to create these
scenarios.

1. On the Data tab, in the Forecast group, click What-If

Analysis. Click What-If Analysis
2.Click Scenario Manager.

3.Add a scenario by clicking on Add.

4. Type a name (60% highest), select cell C4 (% sold for the highest
price) for the Changing cells and click on OK.
5. Enter the corresponding value 0.6 and click on OK again.

6. Next, add 4 other scenarios (70%, 80%, 90% and 100%).

Finally, your Scenario Manager should be consistent with the picture below:
SOLVER

1.On the Data tab, in the Analyze group, click Solver.

2.Enter the solver parameters (read on). The result should be

consistent with the picture below.

You have the choice of typing the range names or clicking on the cells in
the spreadsheet.

2.Enter TotalProfit for the Objective.

3.Click Max.
4. Enter OrderSize for the Changing Variable Cells.

5. Click Add to enter the following constraint.

6. Finally, click Solve.

Result:

The optimal solution:

SCENARIO SUMMARY

To easily compare the results of these scenarios, execute the following steps.

1.Click the Summary button in the Scenario Manager.

2.Next, select cell D10 (total profit) for the result cell and click on OK.

Result:

Conclusion: if you sell 70% for the highest price, you obtain a total profit of
$4100, if you sell 80% for the highest price, you obtain a total profit of
$4400, etc. That's how easy what-if analysis in Excel can be.
GOAL SEEK

What if you want to know how many books you need to sell for the highest
price, to obtain a total profit of exactly $4700? You can use Excel's Goal Seek
feature to find the answer.

1.On the Data tab, in the Forecast group, click What-If Analysis.

2.Click Goal Seek.

The Goal Seek dialog box appears.

3. Select cell D10.

4. Click in the 'To value' box and type 4700.

5. Click in the 'By changing cell' box and select cell C4.

6. Click OK.
Result. You need to sell 90% of the books for the highest price to obtain a total
profit of exactly $4700.

DATA VALIDATION

1.Select the range B2:B8.

Note: cell B10 contains a SUM function that calculates the sum of the range B2:B8.

2.On the Data tab, in the Data Tools group, click Data Validation.
3.In the Allow list, click Custom.
4. In the Formula box, enter the formula shown below and click OK.

6. Enter the value 30 into cell B7.

Result. Excel shows an error alert. You cannot exceed your budget limit of
$100.
DATA VALIDATION (DROP-DOWN LIST)

To create a drop-down list in Excel, execute the following steps.

1.On the second sheet, type the items you want to appear in the
drop- down list.

2.On the first sheet, select cell B1.

3.On the Data tab, in the Data Tools group, click Data Validation.

The 'Data Validation dialog box appears.

4. In the Allow box, click List.

5. Click in the Source box and select the range A1:A3 on Sheet2.
6. Click
OK.

Result:

DATA VALIDATION ( WHOLE NO. )

Select the range.

Go to Data tab>>Data Validation>>Click on Data Validation.

Select Whole number in Allow drop down.

Select between in Data drop down and put Minimum and Maximum
value.
Click on OK button.
As we have given, the minimum of 10 and maximum of 20 are in the
criteria. So whole numbers between 10 to 20 will be allowed to enter. if
any other whole number or text will be entered, it will show “The value you
entered is not valid” while entering the decimal number it will show an
error.

DATA VALIDATION ( DECIMAL NO. )

Select Decimal in Allow drop-down.

Select between in Data drop down and put Minimum and Maximum
value.
Click on the OK button.
 As we have given the minimum 3.00 and maximum 3.99 in the
criteria. So decimal numbers between 3.00 to 3.99 will be allowed
to enter. if any other value will be entered it will show “The value
you entered is not valid”

DATA VALIDATION ( DATE )

Select Date in Allow drop down.

Select between in Data drop down and put Start Date and End Date
value.
Click on OK button.
 As we have given the Start Date 1-Jan-18 and End Date 31-Dec-18 in
the criteria. So, dates between 1-Jan-18 and 31-Dec-18 will be
allowed to enter. if any other date or text will be entered, it will show
“The value you entered is not valid”

DATA VALIDATION ( TIME )

Select Time in Allow drop down.

Select between in Data drop down and put Start Time and End Time.
Click on OK button.
 As we have given the Start Time of 10:00:00 and End Tine of 22:00:00
in the criteria. So, Time between 10:00:00 and 22:00:00 will be
allowed to enter. if any other Time or text will be entered, it will show
“The value you entered is not valid”

TRACE PRECEDENTS

Open your workbook to a sheet that contains cells with precedents

or dependents.
Select the cell in which you want to check precedents and/or
dependents. Click the Trace Precedents or Trace Dependents button in
the Formula
Auditing group of the Formulas tab.
Arrows leading from the selected cell extend and point to those cells that
use its data in their calculations.
You can now go work on the data in the dependent cells using the arrows
for reference.

TRACE DEPENDENTS

1.Select cell C12.

2.On the Formulas tab, in the Formula Auditing group, click

Trace Dependents.
 Result:

RECORDING A MACRO IN EXCEL

Click on the DEVELOPER tab

Click on Record Macro as shown in the image below
You will get the following dialogue window

Format the Data

Make the columns bold, add the grand total and use the SUM function to
get the total amount.

Stop Recording Macro

Now that we have finished our routine work, we can click on stop recording
macro button as shown in the image below
Replay the Macro using the shortcut created.
UNIT - II
COLUMN CHART

Column charts are used to compare values across categories by using

vertical bars.

To create a column chart, execute the following steps.

1.Select the range A1:A7, hold down CTRL, and select the range C1:D7.

2.On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Column symbol.

3.Click Clustered Column.

LINE CHART

1. On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Line symbol.

2.Click Line with Markers.

Result:
PIE CHART

1.Select the range A1:D2.

2.On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Pie symbol.

3.Click Pie.
 Result:

CLUSTERED BAR CHART

1.Select the range A1:B6.

2.On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Column symbol.
3.Click Clustered Bar.

Result:
SCATTER PLOT CHART

1.Select the range A1:B10.

2.On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Scatter symbol.

3.Click Scatter.
Result:

DATA SERIES CHART

A row or column of numbers that are plotted in a chart is called a data

series. You can plot one or more data series in a chart.

1.Select the range A1:D7.

2.On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Column symbol.
 3.Click Clustered Column.

COMBINATION CHART

A combination chart is a chart that combines two or more chart types in

a single chart.

To create a combination chart, execute the following steps.

1. Select the range A1:C13.
 3. Click Clustered Column.

CHANGE AXIS SCALES IN EXCEL PLOTS

Step 1: Enter the Data

First, let’s enter a simple dataset into Excel:

Step 2: Create a Scatterplot

Next, highlight the cells in the range A2:B16. Then click the Insert tab
along the top ribbon and then click the Scatter option within the
Charts group:
Step 3: Change the Axis Scales
For example, we could change the Maximum value of the x-axis to 50:

Once we press Enter, the x-axis scale will automatically be updated on

the plot:

Notice that the x-axis now ranges from 0 to 50.

ADDING LABELS, LEGENDS, AXIS

REPOSITIONING CHART TITILE

CHANGE DISPLAY UNITS ON VALUE AXIS WITHOUT CHANGING DATA SOURCE

To change the number format of data labels just right click on Chart
and click on Format data labels. Go to the numbers and put the
0.0,“M” in Format Code box.

Change the Vertical Axis number format also. Right click and click on
Format axis. put the 0.0,“M” in Format Code box and click on add.

Note: Can use "T"

for thousand and "H"
for Hundred
 Revenue format will be changed on the chart

COMBINATION CHART

A combination chart is a chart that combines two or more chart types

in a single chart.

To create a combination chart, execute the following steps.

1.Select the range A1:C13.
2. On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, click the Combo symbol.

3. Click Create Custom Combo Chart.

4. For the Rainy Days series, choose Clustered Column as the

chart type.
5. For the Profit series, choose Line as the chart type.
6. Plot the Profit series on the secondary axis.
 7.Click OK.

ADD, EDIT, AND REMOVE DATA FROM CHART

1.Select the chart.

2. Simply change the range on the sheet.

Result:
SELECT DATA SOURCE (FORMAT ROWS &
COLUMNS)

1.Select the chart. Right click, and then

click Select Data.

2. You can find the three data series (Bears, Dolphins, and Whales) on
the left and the horizontal axis labels (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May and
Jun) on the right.

Result: