Material selection guide

O-rings, shaft seals, hydraulics, bonded seals etc.

KLINGER Sweden AB

List of contents

KLINGER Material selection guide

page 3 - Aflas, Buna-n (Nitrile), Butyl
page 4 - EPDM, Fluorocarbon, Fluorosilicone
page 5 - Kalrez, Natural rubber, Neoprene (Chloroprene)
page 6 - Nitrile (hydrogenated), Polyacrylate, Polyurethane (cast)
page 7 - Polyurethane (millable), Silicone, Styrene butadiene
page 8 - Teflon, Vamac, Thermoplastic elastomers
page 9 - Material selection, order information & storage conditions
page 10 - Chemical compatibility table
page 11 - Chemical compatibility table

2
 Aflas®
KLINGER designation: AFLAS Laboratory tests have demonstrated a high degree of heat resistance
Standard colour: Black (205°C) with retention of slightly below average (2500 psi) tensile
Main applications: Seals for oil field, industrial and chemical properties. Tests have further shown abrasion resistance to be about
applications. the same as Fluorocarbon; cracking to appear after 100 to 200 flexes
Temperature range: -5°C to 205°C (Dry heat only). at 205°C; and no change in material properties after one year of
Hardness (Shore A): 60-95 weathering.

Limitations:
Description: A copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and propylene, Seven day immersion, at room temperature, in solvents indicates
AFLAS exhibits excellent chemical resistance properties, and good such significant volume changes as 50% in Acetone, 58% in MEK,
to fair high temperature retention of physical properties. 95% in MIK, 112% in Chloroform, 125% in Methyl Chloroform and
249% in Trichlorotrifluoroethane.
Features: With good resistance to petroleum fluids, steam, a number
of acids and alkalies, amines (anti-freeze), phosphate esters and Compression set of 52% after 30 days at 205°C may be considered
brake fluids, AFLAS has generated considerable interest as a seal too high for some sealing applications.
material for oil field, industrial and chemical applications.

Buna-n (Nitrile)
depending upon the compound, Nitrile performance characteristics
KLINGER designation: NBR
may also be varied over a working temperature range of -55°C
Standard colour: Black
to 150°C. Increasing acrylonitrile content gives Nitrile its better
Main applications: Oil resistant applications of all types. Low
resistance to petroleum-based oils and hydrocarbon fuels, enhancing
temperature military uses. Off-road equipment. Automotive,
resistance to the degrading effects of heat, at a cost of reduced low
marine, aircraft fuel systems. Can be compounded for FDA
temperature performance.
applications.
Temperature range: -40°C to 120°C (Dry heat only).
Conversely, decreasing acrylonitrile, while increasing butadiene
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90
content, provides better low temperature flexibility, a characteristic
most often required by Air Force Navy (AN) and Military Standard
Description: Presently the seal industry's most widely used (MS) o-ring specifications. A carboxylated version of the high-
elastomer, Nitrile combines excellent resistance to petroleum-based acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer (XNBR) is also available for
oils and fuels, silicone greases, hydraulic fluids, water and alcohols, applications requiring enhanced abrasion resistance.
with a good balance of such desirable working properties as low
compression set, high tensile strength, and high abrasion resistance. Limitations: Precautions should be taken to avoid exposure of
Nitrile to such highly polar solvents as Acetone, MEK, Chlorinated
Features: Comprised of the copolymer butadiene and acrylonitrile, Hydrocarbons and Nitro Hydrocarbons, which are known to cause
by varying the relative proportions of these two base monomers, rapid and extreme deterioration. Additional limitations on Nitrile use
include applications with direct exposure to ozone and sunlight.

Butyl
KLINGER designation: BUTYL Features: With outstanding low permeability to gases, Butyl is
Standard colour: Black especially effective in vacuum sealing applications. It also features
Main applications: Highly effective in vacuum sealing applica- good to excellent resistance to ozone and sunlight aging.
tions. Good seal for hydraulic systems.
Temperature range: -45°C to 120°C (Dry heat only). Butyl further features excellent shock dampening capabilities. Only
Hardness (Shore A): 40-80 slightly affected by oxygenated solvents and other polar liquids, Butyl
is often utilized in seals for hydraulic systems using synthetic fluids.

Description: A copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene, Butyl has Limitations: Butyl has poor resistance to hydrocarbon solvents and
largely been replaced by Ethylene Propylene since its introduction. oils, and diester-based lubricants.

3
EPDM (Ethylene-propylene)
to the very same chemical agents that cause rapid and extreme
KLINGER designation: EPDM deterioration in Nitrile. In particular, EPM/EPDM features good
Standard colour: Black resistance to such polar solvents as ketones (MEK and Acetone).
Main applications: Outdoor weather resistant uses. Hydraulic & It is also highly recommended for effective resistance to steam (to
automotive brake systems. Automobile cooling systems. Water 200°C), hot water, silicone oils and greases, dilute acids and alkalies,
appliances. Low torque drive belts. alcohols and automotive brake fluids.
Temperature range: -50°C to 150°C (Dry heat only).
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90 EPM/EPDM further features excellent resistance to aging by both
ozone and sunlight. EPM/EPDM can also be compounded for FDA
Description: A copolymer of ethylene and propylene (EPM), approved applications.
sometimes combined with a third comonomer (EPDM), Ethylene
Propylene has gained wide seal industry acceptance for its excellent Limitations: With the exception of resistance to polar solvents,
ozone and chemical resistance characteristics. EPM/EPDM is not recommended for its overall solvent resistance.

Features: With a working temperature range of -50°C to 150°C, And, unlike Nitrile, this elastomer performs poorly when exposed to
depending upon the compound, EPM/EPDM excels in its resistance petroleum oils, diester-based lubricants or aromatic fuels.

Fluorocarbon
Features: Featuring excellent resistance to petroleum products and
KLINGER designation: FPM
solvents, with good high temperature compression set characteristics,
Standard colour: Black
Fluorocarbon o-ring make ideal seals for aircraft, automobile and
Main applications: Seals for aircraft engines. Seals for
other mechanical uses.
automotive fuel handling systems. High temperature/low
compression set applications. Wide chemical exposure
Fluorocarbons are highly resistant to swelling in gasoline and
situations. Hard vacuum service.
gasoline/alcohol blends, as well as resistant to the degrading effects
Temperature range: -30°C to 205°C (Dry heat only).
of UV-light and ozone. With low gas permeability, they are also well
Hardness (Shore A): 50-95
suited for hard vacuum service.

Description: Combining high temperature resistance with Limitations: Fluorocarbons are not recommended for exposure
outstanding chemical resistance, Fluorocarbon-based compounds to ketones, amines, low molecular weight esters and ethers, nitro
approach the ideal for a universal o-ring material. hydrocarbons, hot hydrofluoric or chlorosulfonic acids, or skydrol
fluids. They are also not recommended for situations requiring good
low temperature flexibility.

Fluorosilicone
use, due to its excellent fuel resistance and high temperature
KLINGER designation: FVMQ
stability, Fluorosilicone is becoming an increasingly popular material
Standard colour: Blue
for a wider range of sealing applications.
Main applications: Aerospace fuel systems. Auto fuel emission
control systems. Primarily for static sealing applications.
Featuring good compression set and resilience properties,
Temperature range: -60°C to 205°C (Dry heat only).
Fluorosilicone compounds are suitable for exposure to air, sunlight,
Hardness (Shore A): 50-80
ozone, chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Description: Fluorosilicone combines the good high and low Limitations: Due to limited physical strength, poor abrasion
temperature stability of silicones with the fuel, oil and solvent resistance, and high friction characteristics, Fluorosilicone
resistance of Fluorocarbons. elastomers are not generally recommended for dynamic sealing.
They are predominantly designed for static sealing use.
Features: Fluorosilicone is most often used in aerospace applications
for systems requiring fuel and/or diester-based lubricant resistance They are also not recommended for exposure to brake fluids,
up to a dry limit of 200°C. Although generally specified for aerospace hydrazine or ketones.

4
 Kalrez®
are offered in several compounds, with varying tensile, elongation,
KLINGER designation: KA hardness, compression set and temperature ranges. For example,
Standard colour: Black tensile strengths vary by compound from low of 13 MPa to a high
Main applications: Seals for severe chemical axposure and of 26 MPa, with elongation likewise varying from a low of 12% to a
high temperatures. Used extensively in oil exploration and high of 190%.
refining. Seals for chemicals processing and transportation.
Seals for paint and coatings operations. Seals for analytical and Limitations: In general, Kalrez compression set properties range
process control instrumentations. from "fair" (32% to 54%) at 100°C to "poor" (66% to 82%) at 204°C,
Temperature range: -35°C to 260°C (Dry heat only). for 70h of test duration. Withstanding degradation by virtually all
Hardness (Shore A): 65-95 chemicals, nonetheless Kalrez parts can be made to significantly
swell upon exposure to some fluorinated solvents; fully halogenated
Description: Kalrez parts are made from a perfluoroelastomer freons; and uranium hexafluoride. Because a highly exothermic
possessing exceptional resistance to degradation by aggressive reaction could occur, Kalrez parts should not be exposed to molten or
fluids and/or gases. gaseous, alkali metals (such as sodium). As the thermal coefficient
of expansion for Kalrez is stated by the manufacturer to be "about
Features: Kalrez parts combine the high temperature toughness of a 50% greater than for fluoroelastomers", gland volume may have to
fluorocarbon elastomer (such as Viton), with the chemical inertness be increased to allow for this expansion in elevated temperature
of Teflon. As a group, Kalrez parts resist attack by nearly all chemical situations. Despite the desirable characteristics of Kalrez, because
reagents. They provide long term service in virtually all chemical of its high cost it is generally used when no other elastomer is
and petrochemical process streams. Compared with Teflon seals, appropriate.
Kalrez parts are much less likely to cold flow ("creep"). Kalrez parts

Natural Rubber
metals. Until the invention of synthetic elastomers in the 1930's,
KLINGER designation: NR Natural rubber was the only polymer available for o-ring manufacture.
Standard colour: Black
Main applications: Seals in brake systems. Seals in food and Still used today in FDA applications for food and beverage seals,
beverage applications. Most popular material for non- o-ring- Natural rubber features good resistance to organic acids, alcohols
applications. and automotive brake fluid, with moderate resistance to aldehydes
Temperature range:-50°C to 105°C (Dry heat only). and ketones.
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90
Limitations: The poor resistance of Natural rubber to attack by
Description: Natural rubber is the vulcanized product of the juice of petroleum oils was primary reason for the research and development
the Hevea tree (latex). of synthetic rubbers beginning in the 1930's.

Features: Natural rubber features low compression set, high tensile Also readily deteriorated by exposure to sunlight and ozone, Natural
strength, high resilience, high abrasion and high tear resistance rubber have been predominantly replaced by "use specific" synthetic
properties, with a good friction surface and excellent adhesion to rubbers in the seal industry of today.

Neoprene
Features: Neoprene can be used in innumerable sealing applications,
KLINGER designation: CR
due to its broad base of such desirable working properties as:
Standard colour: Black
moderate resistance to petroleum oils; good resistance to ozone,
Main applications: Numerous component uses in the
sunlight and oxygen aging; relatively low compression se; good
transportation field. Recommended for exposure to weathering.
resilience and reasonable production cost. Due to its excellent
Preferred sealing material for refrigeration industry. FDA-
resistance to freon and ammonia, Neoprene is also widely accepted
approved for food and beverage industry use.
as a preferred material for refrigeration seals.
Temperature range: -40°C to 120°C (Dry heat only).
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90
Limitaions: Neoprene is generally attacked by strong oxidizing
acids; ester, ketones, chlorinated, aromatic and nitro hydrocarbons.
Description: One of the earliest of the synthetic materials to be
developed as an oil-resistant substitute for Natural rubber, Neoprene Because Nitrile is economically competitive with Neoprene, and
is a homopolymer of Chloroprene (Chlorobutadiene). generally has superior performace characteristics in most situations,
it has largely replaced Neoprene in the o-rings of today.

5
Nitrile, hydrogenerated
showing about five times higher sour gasoline and ozone resistances.
KLINGER designation: HNBR Tensile strength at 25°C has been increased from 20 MPa for nitrile
Standard colour: Black to 30 MPa för HNBR.
Main applications: All oil resistant applications, including
exposure to such oil additives as detergents, anti-oxidants and Various HNBR-compounds have been created with performance
anti-wear agents. Exposure to oil soured with metal sludge. characteristics rivaling those of other polymers, such as Fluorocarbon,
Seals for oil well applications. Seals for automotive fuel handling Polyacrylate, Ethylene Propylene and Neoprene. HNBR's ozone and
systems. Seals for general industrial usage. fuel resistance compares favorably with Fluorocarbon. Its excellent
Temperature range: -30°C to 125°C (Dry heat only). heat and oil resistance rivals that of Polyacrylate. Its resistance to
Hardness (Shore A): 75 steam (to 175°C) is close to that of Ethylene Propylene. Its high
abrasion and heat resistance enables it to replace Neoprene in high
Description: HNBR is a product of the hydrogenation of Nitrile, temperature belts. In most cases, the tensile strength of HNBR is
resulting in varying degrees of saturation of the polymeric chain, with unsurpassed.
accompanying varying degrees of enhanced physical strength and
chemical resistance properties. Limitations: Like Nitrile, increasing acrylonitrile content improves
oil resistance at a cost of reduced low temperature performance.
Features: In the areas of heat resistance, tensile strength, abrasion Also, as the degree of hydrogenation increases, with improved
resistance and oil additive resistance, HNBR exhibits improved heat resistance comes HNBR tendency to cold flow or "creep".
performance characteristics over non-hydrogenated Nitrile, while Increased hydrogenation further brings decreased elasticity at low
temperatures. Like Nitrile, HNBR is not recommended for exposure
to ethers, esters, ketones, or chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Polyacrylate
KLINGER designation: ACM found in automobile manufacture, where o-rings of this material are
Standard colour: Black employed to seal components of automatic transmission and power
Main applications: Sealing automatic transmissions and power steering systems.
steering systems. Sealing petroleum oils up to 175°C.
Temperature range:-17°C to 175°C (Dry heat only). Highly resistant to sunlight and ozone degradation, Polyacrylate also
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90 features an enhanced ability to resist flex cracking.

Limitations: While resistance to hot air aging is superior to Nitrile,

Description: Polyacrylates are copolymers (ethyl) acrylates) Polyacrylate strength, compression set, water resistance properties
possessing outstanding resistance to petroleum fuels and oils. and low temperature capabilities are inferior to many other polymers.
Polyacrylates are also not generally recommended for exposure to
Features: With excellent resistance to hot oil, automatic transmission alcohol, glycols, alkalies, brake fluids, or to chlorinated or aromatic
and Type A power steering fluids, the greatest use for Polyacrylate is hydrocarbons.

Polyurethane, cast
abrasion resistance, the physical properties of cast Polyurethane
KLINGER designation: PU
are among the best of all o-ring elastomers. The heat resistance of
Standard colour: Amber
standard compound cast Polyurethanes (100°C) shows a decided
Main applications: Seals for high hydraulic pressures.
improvement over the lesser heat resistance of standard compound
Situations where highly stressed parts are subject to wear.
millable Polyurethane to 80°C.
Temperature range: -50°C to 100°C (Dry heat only).
Hardness (Shore A): 70-90
Although they swell slightly upon exposure, cast Polyurethane
compounds feature excellent resistance to mineral-based oils and
Description: Cast Polyurethane is outstanding over other o-ring petroleum products, aliphatic solvents, alcohols and ether. They are
elastomers in abrasion resistance and tensile strength. Additionally, also compatible with hydraulic fluids, weak acids and bases, and
cast Polyurethane surpasses the performance of millable mixtures containing less than 80% aromatic constituents.
Polyurethane in its higher tensile strength, greater elongation, wider
temperature range and lower compression set characteristics. Limitations: Cast Polyurethane are not recommended for exposure
to concentrated acids and bases; ketones, esters, very strong
Features: With tensile strength of up to 41 MPa, elongation of 350% oxidizing agents, pure aromatic compounds and brake fluids. With
to 650%, compression sets of 10% to 25%, and exceedingly high the exception of special compounds, they are also not recommended
for exposure to hot water or steam.

6
 Polyurethane, millable
70°C, Millable Polyurethane possesses chemical compatibility
KLINGER designation: AU similar to that of Nitrile, offering good resistance to petroleum-based
Standard colour: Black oils, hydrocarbon fuels and hydraulic fluids, the oxidizing effects of
Main applications: Seals for high hydraulic pressures. ozone, and the aging effects of sunlight.
Situations where highly stressed parts are subject to wear. Wiper
seals for axially moving piston rods. Good low flexibility is also a feature of many Millable Polyurethane
Temperature range: -40°C to 80°C (Dry heat only). elastomer compositions.
Hardness (Shore A)40-90
Limitations: Unless specially compounded, at elevated temperatures
Description: Millable Polyurethane is outstanding over most other Millable Polyurethane begins to soften, losing its physical strength
o-ring elastomers in abrasion resistance and tensile strength. and chemical resistance advantages over other polymers.

Features: Millable Polyurethane offers superior seal performance in Tending to rapidly deteriorate when exposed to concentrated
hydraulic situations, where high pressures, shock loads, or abrasive acids, ketones, esters, chlorinated and nitro hydrocarbons, Millable
contamination is anticipated. At temperatures up to approximately Polyurethane are also prone to hot water and steam degradation.

Silicone
230°C. At the opposite end of the temperature scale, the low limit
KLINGER designation: SIL for Silicone flexibility is -60°C. Silicones are also fungus resistant,
Standard colour: Red odorless, tasteless and non-toxic.
Main applications: Static seals in extreme temperature
situations. Seals for medical devices, compatible with FDA Limitations: Poor tensile and tear strength, low abrasion resistance
regulations. and high friction characteristics preclude Silicones from effective
Temperature range: -60°C to 230°C (Dry heat only). sealing use in most dynamic situations.
Hardness (Shore A): 25-80
Many Silicone compounds also exhibit higher than normal mold
shrinkage, resulting in undersized, molded finished parts (from
Description: A group of elastomers, made from silicone, oxygen, standard molds).
hydrogen and carbon. Silicones are renowned for their retention of
flexibility and low compression set characteristics, within one of the Unless specially compounded, Silicones swell considerably in
widest working temperature ranges for elastomers. aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon fuels. They should also be
considered NON-resistant to petroleum oils, although they can be
Features: Especially resistant to high, dry heat, in primarily static used in high anilie point oils.
applications, special Silicone compounds have been manufactured
to resist up to 315°C heat for short time durations. Maximum Silicones are highly permeable to gases, and are generally not
elevated temperature for continuous service, however, remains at recommended for exposure to ketones (MEK: acetone), concentrated
acids, or steam.

Styrene butadiene
Features: Exhibiting excellent resistance to brake fluids, SBR is still
KLINGER designation: SBR
used in some brake applications. With good water resistance, and
Standard colour: Black
resilience up to 70 durometer, it is also used in plumbing.
Main applications: Sealing of hydraulic brake systems.
Temperature range: -45°C to 100°C (Dry heat only).
The main use for Styrene Butadiene, however, is in the manufacture
Hardness (Shore A): 40-90
of automobile tires, a decidedly non o-ring application.

Descriptions: Also known as Buna S, or GR-S (Government Limitations: SBR is not recommended for exposure to petroleum
Rubber-Styrene), Styrene Butadiene was the elastomer substituted oils, most hydrocarbons, strong acids, or ozone.
for Natural Rubber during world war II. Compounded properties are
similar to those of Natural Rubber.

7
Teflon, virgin
characteristics of 17 MPa to 24 MPa tensile strength, and 300%
KLINGER designation: PTFE elongation, they are tough, impact resistant, low friction, non-twisting
Standard colour: White performers over an extremely wide temperature range.
Main applications: Seals for wide chemical exposure situations,
with special emphasis on temperature extremes. For static and Limitations: Teflon is hampered by very poor elastic memory
slow intermittent dynamic situations. at room, or low temperatures. This presents problems in o-ring
Temperature range: -300°C to 230°C (Dry heat only). installation, requiring extra care to be taken in control over o-ring
Hardness (Shore A): 98 i.d stretch. Heating Teflon in boiling water, or in a controlled oven, to
95°C is said to enable an o-ring stretch of 10-20% to be achieved,
Descriptions: Teflon is a tough, chemically inert polymer possessing thereby assisting installation, and helping to assure a tight fit.
an incredible working temperature range.
Because of its poor tear resistance, during o-ring installation
Features: Teflon is inert to virtually all industrial chemicals, even at particular care should be taken to avoid nicking or scratching Teflon,
elevated temperatures. Seals fabricated from this material feature as imperfections will cause o-ring leakage. Finally, the tendency of
outstanding weather resistance, high resistance to ozone, and high virgin Teflon to cold flow over time, under gasketing pressures, may
resistance to the degrading effects of exposure to such solvents require special material compounding (with fillers) to control such
as acetone, MEK, and xylene. Possessing aberage elastomer "creep" in critical sealing situations.

Vamac
excellent heat resistance, outstanding resistance to ozone and
KLINGER designation:VA sunlight aging, moderate resistance to swelling in oils, and very low
Standard colour:Black permeability to gases.
Main applications: Seals for automotive applications, such as
automatic transmissions & power steering systems. With a maximum reinforced tensile strength of 17 MPa, Vamac's
Temperature range: -40°C to 150°C (Dry heat only). mechanical properties of adhesion to metals, tear resistance, flex
Hardness (Shore A): 50-90 life, abrasion resistance and compression set resistance are all rated
as "good".
Description: A copolymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate, with
a small amount of a third monomer added to provide cure active Resistance to water, engine coolant mixtures (glycols), dilute acids
groups in the polymer chain, Vamac exhibits properties similar to and alkalies is also good.
those of polyacrylate, but with an extended low temperature limit and
better mechanicals. Limitations: Vamac is not recommended for exposure to
concentrated acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, "gasoline", ketones,
Features: Ideal for automotive sealing uses, Vamac features brake fluids and phosphate esters.

Thermoplastic elastomer
Definition: A relatively new development in o-ring materials, the system. The low temperature limit is defined by the glass
thermoplastic elastomers combine the processing advantages transition temperature of the rubber phase, below which the material
of plastics with the rubber-like perfomance of elastomers. is brittle. The high temperature limit is defined by the melt point of
Known as two phase systems, these copolymer are comprised the plastic phase, above which the material softens and begins to
of both hard (plastic) and soft (elastomeric) molecular segments flow. And thermoplastics typically soften BEFORE thermosets, thus
(phases). Each segment contributes advantages and limitations lowering the overall heat resistance of the copolymer.
to final material performance. Examples of these materials are
Santoprene® and Geolast. Flexibility: The flexibility of thermoplastic elastomers is directly
related to the percentage of hard (plastic) segments in the material.
Advantages: In virtually all cases, the substitution of these materials For example, as styrene content is increased in polystyrene
for traditional vulcanized rubbers results in such benefits as: elastomer block copolymers, these materials change from weak
- the ability to mold more precisely dimensioned parts. rubber-like materials; to strong elastomers; to leathery materials; to
- the ability to reuse clean material scrap. hard, glass-like products (with styrene content above 75%).
- the realization of significantly increased production line speeds, due
to the use of conventional plastics molding equipment. Environmental resistance: The environmental resistance of
thermoplastic elastomers is highly dependent upon the resistance
Limitations: While in many cases the substitution of these materials characteristics of BOTH segments of the material system.
for thermosets results in specific property improvements, the blending
of two very different base materials also results in performance On the upside, one segment of the material may have poor resistance
compromises in such areas as temperature range, flexibility and to certain chemicals, while the other segment compensates with
environmental resistance. higher resistance, thereby improving overall material performance.
On the downside, one segment may have much lower resistance
Temperature range: The working temperature range of thermoplastic than the other, thereby limiting environmental resistance in situations
elastomers is determined by the limits of BOTH material comprising where this resistance is mandatory.

8
 Choice of material

Order information
Following data have to be defined to ensure the choice of the most
suitable material at different performance situations.

- Dimension and tolerances.

- Information about the design.

- What kind of metals or additional material will be in contact with the

sealing.

- What type of motion. Rotating or reciprocating.

- What media resistance is needed. Will the sealing be in contact with oils,
steam, gases, etc.

- The highest, lowest and normal service temperature.

- Maximum and normal service pressure.

Storage regulations Most synthetic rubber materials are sensitive to ozone, which speed
up the ageing. Seals must not be stored near devices which can
produce ozone, e.g. electric motors or other devices, which makes
The storage room must be cool, dry, dust free and the air must not be sparks or discharges.
circulating. The temperature must be lower than +25°C, preferably
lower than +15°C. At temperatures higher than +25°C, some degra- Solvents, gasoline, lubricants, chemicals, acids, etc. must not be
dation processes can speed up and reduce the lifetime of the seals. stored near the seals.

Low temperature doesn’t make any damage to rubber. Rubber stiff- Don’t hang the seals directly on a nail or similar attachment. This can
ens up at low temperatures and it’s wise to let the seals reach room make permanent damages on the sealing surfaces. Store the seals
temperature before use. Optimal moisture of air is 65%. preferably in unopened polyethene bags until assembly.

The seals must be protected from light and especially direct sunlight This is important to do to avoid mix up with dimensions and materials
or strongly artificial light with high content of ultraviolet beams. and at the same time protect the seals from outer influence.

9
Chemical compatibility table
 = Good

Polyurethane, millable
Nitrile, hydrogenated
 = Fair (usually ok for static seal)

Polyurethane, cast

Styrene butadiene

Teflon ®, virgin
Buna-n (nitrile)

Natural rubber
 = Questionable

Fluorosilicone
Fluorocarbon

Polyakrylate
Neoprene
 = Poor

Kalrez ®

Silicone
Aflas ®

Vamac
EPDM
Butyl
Blank = No information
Acetaldehyde            
Acetamide            
Acetic acid               
Acetone               
Acetylene          
Aluminium acetate           
Aluminium chloride             
Ammonia              
Ammonium chloride          
Ammonium hydroxide             
Amyl acetate            
Aniline              
ASTM-oil 1             
ASTM-oil 3             
Benzene              
Benzoic acid            
Butane           
Butyl alcohol            
Calcium chloride             
Calcium hydroxide            
Calcium sulfide            
Carbon disulfide             
Carbon tetrachloride             
Castor oil            
Chlorine (wet)         
Chlorine (dry)         
Chloroform              
Chromic acid            
Citric acid           
Creosote            
Decalin         
Dibenzyl ether        
Dibutyl phtalate             
Dimethyl formamide             
Ethane           
Ethanol             
Ethyl chloride            
Ethyl ether              
Ethylene chloride           
Ethylene glycol              
Formaldehyde              
Freon 12            
Freon 22            

10
 Chemical compability table
 = Good

Polyurethane, millable
Nitrile, hydrogenated
▲ = Fair (usually ok for static seal)

Polyurethane, cast

Styrene butadiene

Teflon ®, virgin
Buna-n (nitrile)

Natural rubber
 = Questionable

Fluorosilicone
Fluorocarbon

Polyakrylate
Neoprene
 = Poor

Kalrez ®

Silicone
Aflas ®

Vamac
EPDM
Butyl
Blank = No information
Glucose          
Glycerine           
Heptane            
Hexane             
Hydraulic oil (petroleum based)           
Hydrochloric acid             
Hydrogen gas           
Hydrogen peroxide            
Iso octane             
Isopropanol           
Kerosene              
Methane           
Methanol              
Methyl alcohol              
Methyl chloride           
Methyl ethyl ketone                
Methylene chloride             
Naphtha            
Nitric acid      
Nitrobenzene              
Nitrogen           
Oleum (fuming sulfuric acid)          
Oxalic acid         
Oxygen (cold)           
Oxygen, 93-204°C           
Phenol              
Phosphoric acid            
Potassium nitrate            
Propane           
Silicone oil           
Sodium carbonate          
Sodium chloride            
Sodium hydroxide              
Steam, below 176°C               
Stearic acid        
Sulfuric acid (concentrated)              
Tetrachlorethane          
Tetralin         
Toluene               
Triethanol amine          
Turpentine           
Water               
Xylene               

11
KLINGER Sweden AB
Kontovägen 3
© MSK 2015 KLINGER Sweden AB

SE-175 62 JÄRFÄLLA
Sweden

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