Assignment 01

Aim : Study of Raspberry-Pi, Beagle board, Arduino and other micro controller. (History &
Elevation).

Theory:
1. Arduino
Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software company, project, and user
community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller
kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the
physical and digital world. The project's products are distributed as open-source hardware and
software, which are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the
GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and
software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially in preassembled
form, or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.

Arduino
2. Raspberry Pi
The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the United
Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation to promote the teaching of basic computer science in
schools and in developing countries. The original model became far more popular than
anticipated, selling outside its target market for uses such as robotics. It does not include
peripherals (such as keyboards, mice and cases). However, some accessories have been
included in several official and unofficial bundles.

Raspberry Pi
 3. Beagleboard
The BeagleBoard is a low-power open-source single-board computer produced by Texas
Instruments in association with Digi-Key and Newark element14. The BeagleBoard was also
designed with open source software development in mind, and as a way of demonstrating the
Texas Instrument's OMAP3530 system-on-a-chip. The board was developed by a small team of
engineers as an educational board that could be used in colleges around the world to teach open
source hardware and software capabilities. It is also sold to the public under the Creative
Commons share-alike license. The board was designed using Cadence OrCAD for schematics
and Cadence Allegro for PCB manufacturing; no simulation software was used.

BeagleBoard

Comparison of Embedded board

Conclusion: Thus we have studied Raspberry-Pi, Beagle board, Arduino and other microcontroller.
 Assignment 02

Aim: Study of Connectivity and configuration of Raspberry Pi/ Arduino board circuit with basic
peripherals, LEDS. Understanding GPIO and its use in program.

Requirement: Raspberry Pi/ Arduino UNO, basic peripherals like LEDS.

Theory:
1. LED
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric
current is passed through it. Light is produced when the particles that carry the current (known as
electrons and holes) combine together within the semiconductor material. Since light is generated
within the solid semiconductor material, LEDs are described as solid- state devices. The term solid-
state lighting, which also encompasses organic LEDs (OLEDs),distinguishes this lighting technology
from other sources that use heated filaments (incandescent and tungsten halogen lamps) or gas
discharge (fluorescent lamps)

LED connecting circuit

Interfacing of LED with RPi

Program for blinking LED
#led.py for Raspberry pi where led is connected to pin 3

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

import time
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
GPIO.setup(3,GPIO.OUT)
try:
while True:
GPIO.output(3,True)
time.sleep(2)
GPIO.output(3,False)
time.sleep(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
GPIO.cleanup()

Conclusion: Thus we have studied, connectivity and configuration of Raspberry-Pi with basic
peripherals, LEDS and understanding GPIO and its use in program.
 Assignment 03

Aim: Understanding the connectivity of Raspberry-Pi /Beagle board circuit with temperature
sensor. Write an application to read the environment temperature. If temperature crosses a
threshold value, the application indicated user using LEDSs.

Requirement: LED, Beagle Board/Raspberry pi, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor

Theory:

THREE PIN DHT11 WITH SSH OUTPUT

DHT11 is a Humidity and Temperature Sensor, which generates calibrated digital output.
DHT11 can be interface with any microcontroller like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, etc. and get
instantaneous results. DHT11 is a low cost humidity and temperature sensor which provides high
reliability and long term stability.

DHT11 Temperature sensor Connection of DHT11 to raspberry pi

As shown in fig. DHT11 sensor has three pins: GND, DATA and VCC
Steps:
1. Connect GND and VCC to ground and VCC of raspberry pi
2. Connect Data pin of temp sensor to GPIO 4 pin.
3. Connect LED to 21 pin of raspberry to indicate when temperature crosses a threshold value
4. Run Python code temp.py

Before running the python script perform the following steps:

git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_DHT.git

cd Adafruit_Python_DHT
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev
sudo python setup.py install
Program for sensing humidity and temperature
#temp.py

import Adafruit_DHT
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(21,GPIO.OUT) # LED on 21 pin
while True:
humidity, temp = Adafruit_DHT.read_retry(11, 17) # data pin of DHT11 sensor on GPIO 11
print ("Humidity = {} %; Temperature = {} C".format(humidity, temp))
if(temp>25):
#threshold value 25
print "value is greate than 25"
GPIO.output(21,True)
time.sleep(2)
GPIO.output(21,False)
else:
print "temperature if below 25"
GPIO.output(21,False)
time.sleep(2)

Conclusion: Thus we have studied, connectivity of Raspberry-Pi with temperature sensor.

 Assignment No. 04

Title: Create a small dashboard application to be deployed on cloud. Different publisher devices can
publish their information and interested application can subscribe.

Requirement: LED, Beagle Board/Raspberry pi, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, Cloud
Platform ThingSpeak

Theory:
DHT11 is a Humidity and Temperature Sensor, which generates calibrated digital output. DHT11 can
be interface with any microcontroller like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, etc. and get instantaneous results.
DHT11 is a low cost humidity and temperature sensor which provides high reliability and long term
stability.

As shown in fig. DHT11 sensor has three pins: GND, DATA and VCC
Steps:
1. Connect GND and VCC to ground and VCC of raspberry pi
2. Connect Data pin of temp sensor to GPIO pin.
3. Connect LED to one of the GPIO pin of raspberry to indicate when temperature crosses a threshold
value
4. Run Python code temp.py Before running the python script perform the following steps:
git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_DHT.git
cd Adafruit_Python_DHT
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev
sudo python setup.py install

Thingspeak Cloud Platform for IoT

ThingSpeak is an IoT analytics platform service that allows you to aggregate, visualize, and
analyze live data streams in the cloud. You can send data to ThingSpeak from your devices, create
instant visualization of live data, and send alerts.

1. SignUp and Login

2. Create Channle for storing data over cloud

Channel in ThingSpeak Account

Data Analysis in Thingspeak Account

Program

#!/usr/bin/python
import datetime
from datetime import datetime
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import decimal
import httplib, urllib
import time
import subprocess
import sys
import Adafruit_DHT

sleep = 2 # how many seconds to sleep between posts to the channel

key = 'GNRSGS61ZETE14L3' # Thingspeak channel to update
timer=time.time()

while True:
humidity, temperature = Adafruit_DHT.read_retry(11,17)
print temperature, humidity
params = urllib.urlencode({'field1':temperature,'field2':humidity,'key':key})
headers = {"Content-typZZe": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Accept":
"text/plain"}
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("api.thingspeak.com:80")
try:
conn.request("POST", "/update", params, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
data = response.read()
conn.close()
except:
print "connection failed"

Conclusion: We have studied connectivity of Raspberry-Pi with DHT11 sensor and an application to
get the temprature and huidity for analysis and store in on cloud environment.