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Class 10 - Social Science

GEO Resources and Development Test 01

Question No. 1 to 6 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically
accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as Resource. The process of transformation of
things available in our environment involves an interactive relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Do
you think that resources are free gifts of nature as is assumed by many? They are not. Human beings interact with nature
through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development. Resources are a function of human
activities. Human beings themselves are essential components of resources. They transform material available in our
environment into resources and use them.
1. Read the following statements about resources and identify the incorrect statement:
a. Resources are elements that are put into use by man.
b. Resources are those by which human needs can be fulfilled.
c. Resources are the things on which man is dependent.
d. Resources are thousands of elements present in nature.
2. The elements which are put into use by man are called ________.
a. Resources
b. Treasure
c. Minerals
d. Environment
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3. The resources are not the free gifts of nature. Which of the following is incorrect?
a. Resources themselves are essential components of Human beings.
b. Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions.
c. Resources are a function of human activities.
d. They transform material available in the environment into resources.
4. Study the picture and complete the link.

a. Culture
b. Expertise
c. Nature
d. Technology
5. Resources can be classified as renewable and non-renewable on the basis of ________
a. ownership
b. status of development
c. exhaustibility
d. origin
6. Human beings themselves are essential components of resources. Human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock, etc
can be categorized under which of the following options?
a. Biotic

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b. Abiotic
c. Wildlife
d. Natural
7. In which of the following state/states overgrazing is one of the main reason for land degradation?
a. All of these
b. Gujarat and Rajasthan
c. Madhya Pradesh
d. Maharashtra
8. In which state mining has caused severe land degradation?
a. Haryana
b. Punjab
c. Bihar
d. Jharkhand
9. Assertion (A): Red laterite soil is suitable for cashew nut cultivation.
Reason (R): Red soil develops on crystalline rocks in areas of low rainfall.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
10. Assertion (A): Land is a natural resource of the utmost importance.
Reason (R): Land can be used for limited purposes.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
11. State True or False:
a. At the international level, the club of Rome advocates resource conservation for the first time in a more
systematic way in 1967.
a. True
b. False
b. Afforestation and proper management is leading to increased land degradation in cities.
a. False
b. True
12. Fill in the blanks:
a. On the basis of origin, resources are ________ and ________.
b. The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of Sand, ________ and ________.
13. Match the following:
Column A Column B
(i) Resource (a) Potential resources
(ii) Uranium in Ladakh (b) Germany
(iii) Ruhr region (c) Value
(iv) Deccan plateau (d) Dark soils
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14. Name the soils which are well known for their capacity to hold moisture.
15. What are biotic resources?
16. Define the following terms:
i. Current fallow land
ii. Other than current fallow
iii. Culturable waste land
17. What is Agenda 21? List its two principles.
18. "India is rich in certain types of resources but deficient in some other resources." Do you agree with the statement?
Support your answer with examples.
19. Distinguish between potential resource and stock with the help of examples.

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Class 10 - Social Science

GEO Resources and Development Test 01

Solution

1. (d) Resources are thousands of elements present in nature.

Explanation: Resources are thousands of elements present in nature.
2. (a) Resources
Explanation: Resources
3. (a) Resources themselves are essential components of Human beings.
Explanation: Resources themselves are essential components of Human beings.
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4. (d) Technology
Explanation: Technology
5. (c) exhaustibility
Explanation: On the basis of exhaustibility resources can be renewable and non-renewable.
6. (a) Biotic
Explanation: Biotic Resources are obtained from the biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna,
fisheries, livestock, etc.
7. (a) All of these
Explanation: In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main
reasons for land degradation. Nearly 30% of India’s land is now undergoing desertification, primarily as a result of the
land degradation accompanying over-cultivation, overgrazing, deforestation, and the overexploitation of water resources.
The root causes of the situation, though, are fundamentally linked to growing population levels and the inevitable
growing exploitation of the land.
8. (d) Jharkhand
Explanation: Mining ruins the land, water, forests, and air. The loss or pollution of natural resources degrades the
quality of human life in these areas. The large scale mining and allied activities going on in the Jharkhand region have
caused severe damage to the land resources of the area. Vast areas of rich forests and agricultural land belonging to the
indigenous people have been laid waste because of haphazard mining.
9. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Red laterite soils in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala are more suitable for crops like cashew
nuts. Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the
Deccan plateau.
Both are two correct statements about two different soil. The reason has a different context from assertion.
10. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The land is a natural resource of utmost importance as it is used for various purposes. It supports natural
vegetation, wildlife, human life and economic activities like agriculture, mining, transport and communication system
and 95% of our basic needs are obtained from the land.
11. State True or False:
a. (b) False
Explanation: False
b. (a) False
Explanation: Afforestation always leads to increase in land fertility and ultimately is a positive aspect for nature.

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12. Fill in the blanks:
a. 1. Biotic, Abiotic
b. 1. Silt, Clay
13. (i) Resource - (c) Value
(ii) Uranium in Ladakh -(a) Potential resources
(iii) Ruhr region - (b) Germany
(iv) Deccan plateau - (d) Dark soils
14. Black soils are soils  are well known for their capacity to hold moisture.
15. Biotic resources include all living organisms on the earth-the flora (vegetation) and the fauna (land animals, birds and
marine life etc.).
16. i. Current fallow land: Land which is left uncultivated for one or less than one agricultural year.
ii. Other than current fallow land: Land which is left uncultivated for past 1 to 5 agricultural years.
iii. Culturable waste land: Land which is left uncultivated for more than 5 agricultural years. This land was used in the
past but has been abandoned for some reason.
17. i. Agenda 21 is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and
Development (UNCED), which took place at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 
ii. The two principles are as follows:
a. To combat environmental damage, poverty disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual
needs and shared responsibilities.
b. Every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.
18. Yes, I agree with the statement. In a country like India, it has enormous diversity in the availability of resources. There
are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources. There are some regions
which can be considered self-sufficient in terms of the availability of resources while some regions have an acute
shortage of vital resources. For examples, the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals
and coal deposits and Arunachal Pradesh has an abundance of water resources but these states lack in infrastructural
development. The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources. The
cold desert of Ladakh is relatively isolated from the rest of the country. It has a very rich cultural heritage but it is
deficient in water, infrastructure and some vital minerals.
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19. Potential resources:
1. Potential resources are those which have been found in a region, but not utilized. The technology for its access is
available, but not put into use. They may be used in the future—For example, non-conventional sources of energy
such as solar, wind and tidal, and geothermal energy.
2. They are either not easily accessible or not properly developed for present use but have the potential to fulfil our
needs whenever we require them with the development of technology and infrastructure.
3. For example, the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for development of wind and solar energy,
but they have not been significantly developed yet.
Stock:
1. Stock resources are resources that can be permanently expended and are therefore non-renewable. coal and petroleum
deposits are the best examples of stock resources.
2. These are materials in the environment which have the capacity to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have
the appropriate technology to access these.
3. For example, water is a compound of two inflammable gases, hydrogen and oxygen which can be used as a rich
source of energy. But the required technical know-how is not available at present.

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