Green Technologies

Chapter 3
Green technologies for city wide applications
Green technology for specific approach
 Green technologies for city wide applications

In city green technologies are introduced to reduce carbon emission which

leads to stability of atmosphere.
This can be done at personal level, local authority and city wide level .

Carbon emission reduction @ personal level:

• Use public transport instead of using personal vehicles
• Use low emission fuels for usage of cars
• Avoid usage of vehicles for short distance
• Prefer video conference for business meeting in other countries
• Avoid stand by mode for electronic devices and turn off devices after
usage.
• Prefer to buy local products(buy local concept)
Carbon emission reduction @ local authority and city wide
level:
Electric consumption in city is much affected by
Industries:
Local authority need to set benchmarks for the carbon emission for every
industry in the community
Residential consumption:
Electricity consumption is depend on the lifestyle of people ,financial status,
location etc.
To decrease the consumption of electricity introduce CER’s, carbon credits.
Ex: ujala scheme
Genral Lighting:
• Replace street lights CFL bulbs in place of incandescent bulbs.
• Provide solar panels to street lights to decrease the electricity
consumption
• Use BEE certified electric products for energy efficiency.
punjab is first state to use LED with street light.
• Use timer switches to lights.
Misallaneous:
• Adopt solar water heaters in hotels, hostels and guest houses.
• Use solar cookers to prepare food.
• For economic air conditioning use cavity walls, sun breakers and double
gazed window panes.
• Use thermostats or sensors to save the electricity.
• Use LED display instead of LCD,CRT monitors.
 Green technology for specific approach

PROMOTION OF GREEN BUILDING:

• Green building is one which uses less water consumption, optimizes
energy efficiency measures, generates less waste compared to other
building.
• It conserve the energy by retaining warm in winter and losing heat during
summer.
• It can save carbon foot print ,water etc.
• It can be evaluated by using GRIHA ,LEEDS
• Green building is second generation building when water ,energy
consumption reduced by 40%-60% and second generation building are
reduced energy consumption also generates power.
• Green buildings are 4-6% expensive than traditional buildings but less in
operating cost
 LEEDS rating system
• The LEED system is Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design is
found to be one of the most popular green building certification.
• The LEED system is developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC).
The LEED rating system have a series of rating system for the design,
operation, construction and the maintenance of the green buildings.
• The main objective is the development of a structure that make the
building owner and the operator to be environmentally responsible and
utilizes the resources efficiently.

• All new green building are required to comply with guidelines suggested
with following aspect
1) building construction site
2) environmental concerns in architectural planning
3) energy conservation
4)water conservation
5)waste management
6) socila relevance
IGBC Green Homes ratings are awarded according to the following scale:
Certified 32-39
Silver 40-47
Gold 48-59
Platinum 60-80
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF LEED RATING SYSTEM IN INDIA:
 LEED India certified projects blend enhanced environmental, economic, and
occupant-oriented performance.
 They cost less to operate and maintain; are energy- and water-efficient; have
higher lease-up rates than conventional buildings in their markets and are
healthier and safer for occupants.
 Often when a LEED rating is pursued in India, it increase the cost of initial
design and construction.
 One reason for the higher cost is that sustainable construction principles may
not be well understood by the design professionals undertaking the project
 Some of the finer points of LEED certification in India could possibly lead to
misunderstandings between the design team, construction team, and client,
which could result in delays.
 Also, there may be a lack of abundant availability of manufactured building
components which meet LEED standards.
 ITC GREEN CENTER

 ITC GREEN CENTER is a hotels division Headquarter located in sector-32,

Gurgoan.
 It is a LEED PLATINUM certified building with 56 points. At 170,000 sq feet, ITC
Green Centre is the world’s largest 0% water discharge, noncommercial Green
building, and compared to similar buildings, ITC Green Centre has a 30%
smaller carbon footprint with the use of sensible technologies.
 One of the strongest aspects of ITC Green Centre is its design. All our systems
are integrated in a way so that they can function as naturally as possible.
 For example, the L-shaped architecture of the building serves more than one
function in more than one area of the immediate environment. The central
atrium allows natural light to form in the heart of the building, thereby
reducing the use of artificial light. It also ensures that one part of the façade is
always in the shade, preventing too much heat from entering the structure,
and the cooling effect is supported moreover by the discreet bodies of water
placed in front of the building
WATER CONSERVATION :
• ITC harvests 100% of the rain that falls on the building and recycle 100%
of all the water used in the building.
• Along with the rainwater harvesting at ITC Green Centre, there are
interlocking tiles placed across the landscape of our building to harvest
rain water through the grass that grows between the tiles while ensuring
0% surface run-off.
ENERGY SAVING TECHNIQUES :
• The high albedo roof coating reduces the amount of heat absorbed by
reflecting over 90% of visible and infra red radiations away from the
building. This reduces the roof surface temperature by 30 degrees and
brings down the use of energy for air conditioning in the top floor by 10-
15%.
• The building design has ensured that it uses as little energy as possible in
terms of basic lighting. The architecture of ITC Green Centre allows
enough natural light to penetrate throughout the building during daytime,
so it needed very little energy to light the building at night.
ITC GREEN CENTER
 GRIHA RATING SYSTEM

• GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) GRIHA - Sanskrit

word meaning – ‘Abode’
• An innovative tool for sustainable development by the United Nations.
• A tool for implementing renewable energy in the building sector by ‘The
Climate Reality project’- an organization founded by Mr. Al Gore
OBJECTIVES OF GRIHA :
• minimize a building’s resource consumption, waste generation, and
overall ecological impact
• evaluates the environmental performance of a building holistically over its
entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive standard for what
constitutes a ‘green building’
• Reduced energy consumption without sacrificing the comfort levels
• Reduced destruction of natural areas, habitats, and biodiversity, and
reduced soil loss from erosion etc
 GRIHA RATING SYSTEM

GRIHA PROCEDURE:
• GRIHA assesses a building out of 34 criteria
• Awards points on a scale of 100
• To qualify for GRIHA certification, a project must achieve at least 50 points
Eligibility Except for industrial complexes, all buildings – offices, retail
malls, institutions, hotels, hospitals, health-care facilities, residences, and
multi-family high-rise buildings – in the pre-design/design stage are
eligible for certification under GRIHA
• ADaRSH (Association for Development and Research of Sustainable
Habitats) examine project documents to help project eligible for GRIHA
rating and render requisite assistance for registration
 Energy Conservation Building Code(ECBC)

• Launched by ministry of power, government of India in may 2007 as a first step

towards promotional energy efficiency in building sector.
• It was developed by expert committee set by bureau of energy efficiency with
the support and guidance of from united states agency for international
development
The ECBC provides design norms for:
 Building envelope, including thermal performance requirements for walls,
roofs, and windows;
 Lighting system, including day lighting, and lamps and luminaire performance
requirements;
 HVAC system, including energy performance of chillers and air distribution
systems;
 Electrical system; and
 Water heating and pumping systems, including requirements for solar hot-
water systems.
 Carbon emission from Industries
• Direct carbon emissions
• Emissions that are directly emitted from the site of the
process or service. (industry would be the emissions related
to burning a fuel on site)
• Emissions are the other emissions related to purchased
electricity, heat, and/or steam used on site.
• Indirect carbon emissions
• Transportation of materials/fuels
• Any energy used outside of the production facility
• Wastes produced outside of the production facility
• Iron and steel production (4%)
• Aluminium and non-ferrous metals production
(1.2%)
• Machinery production (1%)
• Pulp, paper and printing (1.1%)
• Food and tobacco industries (1.0%)
• Chemicals production (4.1%)
• Cement production (5.0%)
• Other industry (7.0%)
News Report from The Economic Times, dated Oct 25, 2017
 GREEN HOTELS
• Green hotel, is an environmentally
sustainable hotel or
accommodation that has made
important environmental
improvements to its structure in
order to minimize its impact on
the natural environment.
• It is beneficial for these hotels to
get certain certifications in order to
be environmentally compliant. One
beneficial certification specifically
for hotels is the LEED certification.
• A LEED-certified hotel provides
benefits to the environment
through energy efficient practices.
 GREEN HOTELS
• Renewable energy sources like solar or wind energy
• Bulk organic soap and amenities instead of individual packages to reduce
waste
• Guest room and hotel lobby recycling bins
• Energy-efficient lighting
• On-site transportation with green vehicles
• Serve organic and local-grown food
• Non-disposable dishes
• Offers a fresh-air exchange system
• Grey water recycling, which is the reuse of kitchen, bath and laundry water for
garden and landscaping
• Newspaper recycling program
• Housekeeping uses non-toxic cleaning agents and laundry detergent
• 100% organic cotton sheets, towels and mattresses
 GREEN HOSPITALs
A Green hospital is
one which enhances
patient well being,
utilizing natural
resources in an
efficient
environment
friendly manner.
 GREEN TRANSPORTATION
• Green Transportation
comprises of those modes
of transportation that do not depend on
diminishing natural resources like fossil fuels.
These transportation modes rely on
renewable energy sources. They also have
very low impact on the environment as these
modes produce minimal or no greenhouse gas
emission.
Indian Railways today launched first solar-powered DEMU (diesel electrical multiple unit) train
from the Safdarjung railway station in Delhi.
The train will run from Sarai Rohilla in Delhi to Farukh Nagar in Haryana