Mathematics Quarter 3 — Module 6: Angles of a Convex Polygonbaa A Ue Let us begin your journey with the following activity. Guided Activity 1: Recall: The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°. Consider each convex polygon with all possible diagonals drawn from one vertex In each case, the polygon is ‘separated into a triangle. The sum of the measures of the interior angles of each polygon can be found by adding the measures of the interior angles of the triangles. Complete the table below. Write your answers on a ‘separate answer sheet. Namo of Polygons triangle 3 (1-180) oF 180 Biot 1 avatiltera ‘ (2-100) 260 pentagon CF 5 Ol xtagon @ 8 ¢ e odecagon os 2 36 heptagon 1. _ Is there a connection between the number of sides and the number of dissected triangles in a polygon? What is this relation? 2. How many dissected triangles are there in an n-sided polygon? What is the sum of the interior angles of an n-sided polygon? Let us now proceed with the lesson.LESSON 1: Interior Angles of a Convex Polygon A polygon and its interior form together a polygonal region. Some polygonal regions “bend inward” while others do not. The polygonal regions that bend inward are called concave, and those that do not are called convex. A more formal definition of convex and concave polygonal regions is given below. A polygonal region is convex if segment PQ joining any two points P and Q of the region is a part of the region. If the polygonal region is not convex, then it is concave. ae SA YB* Apolygon that determines a convex region is called a convex polygon. Apolygon that determines a concave region is called a concave polygon. In this module, when a polygon is used, it will mean a convex polygon. In the Guided Activity 1, you have discovered that the number of triangles formed when a polygon is dissected is equal to 2 less than the number of its sides. Note that the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°. It follows that for a polygon with n sides, the sum of the measures of its interior angles is (n ~ 2)180°. In particular, for any convex quadrilateral, we have (4 ~ 2)180° or 360° Property 1 The sum of the measure of the interior angles of a convex polygon with n sides is (n—2)180°. yy m21+m22+...mZn=(n—2) 180 Example 1: Polygon Interior Angle Sum Find the measure of ZA in the following diagrams.Solution: a. The polygon has 5 sides, so the sum of the measures of the interior angles is (n= 2)180° = (5 - 2)180° = 3(180°) = 540°. Add the measures of the interior angles and set the sum equal to 540°. MZA + 105° + 102° + 75° + 90° = 540° mZA + 372° = 540° Combine like terms. mZA= 168° ‘Subtract 372° from each side. Thus, mZA is 168°. b. The polygon has 7 sides, so the sum of the measures of the interior angles is (n—2)180° = (7 - 2)180° = 5(180°) = 900°. ‘Add the measures of the interior angles and set the sum equal to 900°. MZA + 128° + 131° + 125° + 127° + 94° + 125° = 900° mZA + 730° = 900° mZA= 170° Thus, mZA is 170°. CHECKPOINT 1 Find the measure of ZA given the diagram on the right. Write your solution and answer on your answer sheets. Example 2: Sum of the Interior Angles of a Polygon Three angles of a pentagon measure 120°, 130°, and 150°. Find the measures of the other two angles if they are in the ratio 1: 4. Solution: Apentagon has five sides. (5 -2)180° = 540° ‘The sum of the measures of the three angles is 120° + 130° + 150° = 400° Thus, the sum of the measures of the other two angles is 540° — 400° = 140° Let x represent the measure of an angle; then, equivalently, 1: 4 can be written as x: 4x, Since the sum of the remaining angles is 140°, we have x+4x= 140° 5x = 140° x= 28° 7We compute for the two angles, x and 4x: ae 4x = 4(28°) = 112° The measures of the other two angles are 28° and 112°, respectively. | CHECKPOINT 2 | Four angles of a hexagon measure 130°, 140°, 150°, and 140°. Find the measures of the other two angles if they are in the ratio 2 : 3, Write your solution and | answer on your answer sheets, Example 3: Interior Angle Sum of Regular Polygon Find the measure of an interior angle of. a. aregular octagon b. a regular decagon Solution: a. The sum of the measures of the interior angles of an octagon is (n—2)180° = (8 - 2)180° = 6 - 180° = 1,080°. Since the octagon is regular, each angle has the same measure. Thus, divide 1,080° by 8 to find the measure of one interior angle. ,080° 8 Thus, the measure of each interior angle of a regular octagon is 135°. b. The sum of the angle measures of a decagon is: (10 -2)180° = 8 180° = 1,440° Thus, the measure of each angle is: 1,440° 10 = 136° =144° CHECKPOINT 3 Find the measure of an interior angle of a regular nonagon. Write your solution and answer on your answer sheets. Example 4: Interior Angle Sum of Regular Polygon The measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon is given. Find the number of sides in each polygon. 150 b. 135°Solution: The measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon is: (n-2)180 ” n-2)180 Thus, { =150 180n - 360 = 150n 30n = 360 n=12 The polygon has 12 sides. p, (072)180_ 135 180n — 360 = 135n 45n = 360 n=8 The polygon has eight sides. [CHECKPOINT 4 ] The measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon is 156°. How many sides [does the polygon have? Write your solution and answer on your answer sheets. Example 5: Real-life Application Mr. Aris Reyes is planning to build a gazebo in which its baseisa regular hexagon. At what angle should he cut the lumber to frame the base? (n-2)180 n (n=2)180 _ 405 7 Replace by 6. The measure of each angle should be 120° [CHECKPOINT 5 An architect is designing a gazebo whose base is a regular octagon. At what | angle should he cut the lumber to frame the base? Write your solution and answer on your answer sheets. So far, you have learned to solve for the interior angles of polygons. In the next Section, you will learn how to solve for the exterior angles of polygons. ‘[LESSON 2: Exterior Angles of a Convex Polygon ‘An exterior angle is an angle that forms a linear pair E with an interior angle of a polygon. In the figure on the right, ZRAE is an exterior angle of AEAT, and ZE and ZT are interior angles. os RA T i An exterior angle is formed between any extended side of a polygon and another adjacent side. The angle at each vertex, 5 21, 22, 23, 4, and 25 are the exterior angles of the pentagon. Independent Activity 1: Find the sum of the measures of the exterior angles of each of the given regular polygons. What conjecture can you form from the activity? a b c (1) p—gy Hy x Sy ; A, ' The following property can be derived from Independent Activity 1 Property 2 - The sum of the measures of the exterior angles, one at each vertex, of any mZ1 + mZ2 + convex polygon, is 360°, +mZn= 360 n=5 Example 6: Exterior Angle Sum of Regular Polygon Find the value of x in each of the following figures. f a ae 100° 5 A 10Solution: Set the sum of the measures of the exterior angles equal to 360° x + 2x + 86° + 100° = 360° 3x + 186° = 360° 3x5 174° x= 58° The value of x is 58°. X+x+ 106° = 360° 2x + 106° = 360° 2x = 254° x= 127° The value of x is 127°. X + 65° + 90° + 50° + 82° = 360° X + 287° = 360° x= 73° The value of x is 73°, You are doing great and amazin, knowledge. APPLICATION It is now time for your performance-based task. ‘Answer the following on a separate sheet of paper. The outline ofthe frontage of a house is in the shape ofa pentagon as shown on the right. Find the measure of each interior angle. A carpenter wants to cut a piece of plywood in the form of a regular polygon from a rectangular piece of polygon. Solve for 1 2, the measure of each 8. Polygon Exterior Angle Sum Combine like terms Subtract 186 from each side. Divide each side by 3, Polygon Exterior Angle Sum Combine like terms, ‘Subtract 106 from each side. Divide each side by 2. Polygon Exterior Angle Sum Combine like terms. Subtract 287 from each side. 19. This time, let us practice applying your Arielle said she drew a regular polygon and measured one Of its interior angles. She got 130°. Explain to her why this is impossible. Leta, b, and c represent the measures of an exterior angle of a regular 15-gon, @ regular octagon, and a regular dodecagon, respectively. Order a, b, and c from least to greatest without calculating. Explain your answer. "1This shows that This is the kind of ees like this, you will your work needs ie eee definitely geta | improvement and passing mark: | _ needs more effort: ‘Content The information The information The information presented is presented is correct | presented is inadequate, accurate, with high | and accurate. and many parts are quality, and new to incorrecinaccurate. most readers. Clarity The answers are The answers are ‘The answers are well written and easy | easy to follow but —_| disorganized and to follow contain unnecessary | confusing | details. Completeness All directions are Almost all directions | Some directions are followed, and all are followed, and not followed, and some questions are almost all questions | questions are not answered. are answered. answered, Now that you have applied what you have learned, accomplish the next task to generalize what you have learned in this module. GENERALIZATION ‘Answer the following questions on your answer sheets to summarize what you have learned from this module: 1 What is the measure of the sum of the interior angles of a convex polygon with n sides? What is the measure of the sum of the angles of a convex quadrilateral? A pentagon? A nonagon? What is the measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon with n sides? What is the measure of an interior angle of a regular octagon? What is the sum of the measure of the exterior angles, one at each vertex of a convex polygon? You are now going to take the post-assessment to see how much you have learned about the topics. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheets. 12'OST-ASSESSMENT. . How much do you already know about polygons? Find out by answering the following test items. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheets. 1. Its an angle drawn inside at a vertex of a polygon. A. Interior angle C. Vertical angle B. Vertex angle D. Acute angle 2. Which of the following refers to a five-sided polygon? A. Quadrilateral CC. Heptagon B. Pentagon D. Nonagon 3. Which of the following refers to a nine-sided polygon? A. Hexagon C. Nonagon 8. Heptagon D. Dodecagon 4. What is the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex quadrilateral? A. 90° cc. 360° B. 180° D. 720° 5. What is the measure of each exterior angle of a regular polygon with n sides? a 180 c. (n-2)180 A (ee yiso 5 2 p n 6. What is the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex polygon with nsides? A. (n—2)90 Cc. (n—2)180 B. (n-2)120 D. (n—2)360 7. _ It is the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a heptagon. A. 720° c. 1,080" B. 900° D. 1,260° 8. Whats the sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a convex decagon? | A 90° c. 360" B. 180° D. 720° 9. _Itis the measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon with n sides. a 180 c, (7-2)180 | ” ” p, 360 D. (n-2)360 n n10. " 12, 13. 14, 15, ‘Solve for the measure of each interior angle of a regular octagon. A. 108° Cc. 128° B. 120° D. 135° Determine the measure of each interior angle of a regular decagon A 129° c. 140° B. 135° D. 144° Solve for the number of sides of a regular polygon with an interior angle of 144°. A 8 c. 10 Bg D. 12 480 (m -2) It is the number of sides of a regular polygon with an interior angle of a af Cc. am Bom D. Cannot be determined If an exterior angle of a regular polygon is 60°, what is the sum of the measures of its interior angles? A. 540° Cc. 900° B. 720° D. 1,080" If an exterior angle of a regular polygon is 20°, what is the sum of the measures of its interior angles? A. 2,520° Cc. 2,880° B. 2,700° D. 3,060" 14For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bidg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: blr.Irqad@deped gov.ph * [email protected]