‘Course No. STCA-301 Course Tithe: Inter aa P| intintuetion to ra Anaidiny of Compuiers = Cow TPMSWORD: Cheaiia: 2 (144) Lmao | pe janect nnd ie Tunctions -| ‘Overview of Input devices of Coriz | Overview of Ourpar a F Meloy Prasat Software & Speod Types of Sofware “Ope Types of Software “Apaiaron Prog Parpost Prop-anmes, Cinssiietio7 0 Competes | Ope Synem - Functions of OS Types o” OS NOS and WINDOWS, LABEL, VOL. MD, CD, OF .a WINDOWS.Gt!l, Feskanp and GF Cvmen’s, An MAT, DIR, COPY, PATH, , Se ars, Man | Mininsiee, Mani gaze, Restor: ame Clase Bult Pwin€ows rs COPY, ste oR ns OT Ava, Wales oT | ing ard Siva © dnemment Gr | MSWORD = Fent.ires 0! Simeadshirets = déshecs witts MSEXCEL meh Stotisiice: aya other Sana Analysis option in, Toe's Mena, Use of Date re avrow and Repression, “test for two saimples, CreanPRACTICALS Tops Study of Computer Comsponenis — Dooling of Computer is ands — TIME, DAT a] COPY, VOL an! LAL np System — Use of Movse, m and Clase Bul.ums, Se-oil Bars, Menus anc a | ‘dy, Colunewk ane Tn Pe . * _| an af Rows, Couns and | | a ® | MSEXCE ip a Saranithect, Ali | Calle usin oven Toe 5M! and use of ‘la ina) bm j elotion Bnd |Mathesnaical, ‘Definition ; A:Cosnpier isan elostronie device that can penn aesivsien mt herd ‘of devices that LLostco! and grephieal manipufations, General, the term bs used i describe a geltetion funetion together a « sysiee, performs the following thee operations In vegwence. 1. Treceives data & isstructions from the inper tleview: 2. Processes the dats ns per instrwetions. 3. Provides the result (oumpid) in a desired form: 7 ‘Data: Ivis the collection of saw fhets, Figures & symbols: unos of scious and their males in Tere uinjets Titer i random orcet- Twformation ; lt is che éata that is proecssed &. petsented imam organizes sanner, faz When iheremes ofmudeies a's uerouged Yo aiphactcal onder, total med sverage: marke re calculated & presents és a fabn'ne fort, 1 ix nformacion, Bee 2s a computer to pote & given tak, ak a Program < Set of instvuct Advantages of comm sonting tasks abu greetes speed then human [High speed : Computers herve ate abil yo6) om mien Fei ieulations in kero, belens. They enn p sox wecurey. sof deta or airy bistrvetion sf pe a. a0 98k in way aba 2 Avenrsey : Computes at 3. Storage : Compl om: tine Inge ation » Gia be oetricwnet hy Hie ean: igiunimp speetts, crue woe} >) eon EN (nes raw cmmalealsy C which stores: tr the ne wager mir 4. Automation + C reacts the: pm ame bink vepedbed'y & with te stane securacy within 5, Difigeoce: Coiapcteis en ye-facea the # getting tire 6 Mersutitiny + Chouipoters ans Reaiale te narforre Ruth simmpla nal gomp! ox tisk. 4. Cast effeetivenens = Coinpurers resize the arin af papor work ond remark cHfort, the! reducing snes. Limitations of cou J. Competers cee cleer & men love ine ctl2-6 perfor # task securely. Uf the Instouetions: snares wll a: prodioe the eesined rex, Sg tne not clear & complese, *h 2. Coe ences enn chink 3. Computes exnact (ens by experience. _ Component used Vacuum iubes re Generation 68-1975) 1976-1980) Generation‘The computer systom consists of three units: 4, Input device 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) 3, Ouipul device ipek dineram ofn Commer : facies PROCESSING UNIT eee ts i INPUT DFVICE [| | F fae | Ah il cee ucits cant he simmarized a8: ‘The verlous funrtions Fonction Ui pet rcedia vneterines to ee LJeput device Rests invormari -*” eomputer ingwcoded fon 2crU {a) Memory unit Stones pro) durations <- erionms auitbinetic (B) Aritluwetic |ap'e unl $ ane ory trois the begun (¢) Comrut Unie bruerpaets pe ot Ie insply thar the PC is booted theouph the Hordildisk Drive °C, inccing, ts Semcutial whencver he: 8) {g locked or gwitched-of7, A YC ean be tooled throngh 2 twa ways: a) Cold Bonting 5) Warn Booting. {is only switching OFF the sysiem aad afier soxne dime again switching ON, 2) Colt Roots s bh) Warm Rooting: In is carried out by pressing the Tollewing tres keys simultaneously ; Cid AW x Del 6 cold borting as ft safeprands the aysiern fron sudden tuations resulting out of swi:ching ON and FF the syste. on Is pretera_MS:pos MS-DOS is a collection of programs and oliver files. itis A single user and single progs erorm environmen, MS-DOS is designedto provide a method ef omaaiing and hing the inform. application programs, system programs end the computer ilself, stored on disks, Files and Fite names: A Me is. collection of relsted information, ‘Tne files shov'd have suitabie nares for their identification in Inter use, Roles for naming the files: Be 1. Fite names should be of one to cighx charveters ‘1 ‘eapth: with an option of one 10 three ch extension Filenames can include any one of the following churceters: AwZ (or at 2) 0109.5, & 4, % (3.1) ‘The characters which are not allowed arc: S17 Nw these have speci metaing A period (.) is used to sepurais the firs: er! ofa Me name fron the extemsfon, (115. TERTXT, RAMA.WE1. etc.,) 4. Ww 6 file nume inchides ag extension, it should be referred clang will its extension and not p ube i fe Fol allowed, (COMMAND.COM, DATI. ete, 5. Reserved devices mnrnes Tepesoffilesin DOS:- -* There arc differeut types vf files you ean crent differentials cach filo, the computer will give at extension 20 identify the different types ol files yon your compier, aecurding. 10 the wage TO have created. Executable Miles: The Wiles with exieasion of COM ur .EXH ane talied executeble file, These Files one dicucrly execucert by typing their numés (withou, the amension} by the eormpater, “A file willy (COM extension Fels w COMMAND file name and the: other ‘with EXE csiension refers — "EXECUTABLE programa Sle. le erties the fite cowtalning 2 series of DOS commands, which exe executed Ga the ondei extered, is kaowa as the Gateh Fle, A butch ile hnss the extent ‘a special name AU OEXHC.BA, itis suiornativally executed wor during booting, + not be altered (edited). These [iles are created while we pe document, 5 These ure program files devsioped fir system contra. Jiis u cotieetion of files, size, date and time of creall is popers and other folders, & direciory Directory into which several dids i) external fine cenml: Intnl commands are those mnnage files. They oF ~ faded into the memory of the PC when PC is booted. These ure, in m large file with file name COMMAND.COM, when a PC is booted. + T.DIR: Dir displays continuously the directory of file names, ‘He size, date and time of creation. = CArdir a: oly ¢ “This command displays the list vf files and directories from the dive A ie. the Nloppy drive, Ni can be specified with twe options: i) Dirfp: It pauses the listing of the directory whenever the screen is full, The next screen load of files can be displayed hy pressing any Key. ii) Dirhw: displays the files ofthe directory im a five column format. Only fle names mad their ex! jong will be displayed without the date unc time: of creation. The total mimber of les and remaining bytes ae Nisted, card churncters (such as "or 2) to fist files Inaddition, DIR can also be specified with » . sharing 6 coiiman element inthe Gle aame ar extension, Eg: DIR STATS." : lists oll Biles with STATS ond ions along with the extensions. ther com DIR*.COM < lists ull files with extension COM 2, DEL: Deletes a specified file, Syntax: DEL (tename}, Del suits deletes the Fk De} stats.* deletes Zit extensions ulti COMPUTE DOC an A drive, he commansd will bE: Suppose you want to ielete & fil > DEL. A: COMPUTER noc 4 3. COPY: The COPY commend is used 19 copy ‘les Fon one pluce to another, The way to execute copy command isto type COPY leave a space fellawed by she source: file name again a space followed by destination Fils, Sumy apy {Drive name) (Drive seme} stmget fife name ashok STATS" with the name “MATHS” on th ‘Baxi I, coPY STATS MATHS copies a file 2. COPY PATILA:ENTO copies a file*PATH trom the current drive’ the fle name “ENTO" Me namie “STATS” ‘OPY A:MATHS.* C:STATS.* copies extensions “drive C with name “STATS”, » The REN command is used to renametheals file 6 ome command is lo type REN lenve a space: now [ite name, if you wont to change the name oF w: command will worThane Symon: C4 Die displays vunvent thine and ah for new sew “enter” retain the old vive Syntax: CA® Thine —TLWER: displays the version af DOS — BRELS: when you want to clear the screen, (ype 1h the lbllowing commands Cw CLS 4 48) Externnt contmansdy: External commonds are smal file programe used for iloing specific jobs, Some of the usefiy! conmands ; 1. SORT: I sorts the files in nfphanumerie orders either A ta Z a Zt A JIRVON + Displays wil the files in A to 2 order == DIRVSORT 2. FORMAT: Formatting « (new) dis amply organizing Uke new disk into magnetic trek and renciah'e by HOS: The PC copies files ee i eareluily. di should 52a forrn rts disk in drive “A” ant dish . ote, change or delete:\he volun libel on the dlsh Es 3. VOL: is Ue wolrae Sonal oftse 4, LABEL: Wisu (o Miies [scutes ov other directories aon other disks. irecily invoke files of 008, WORDSTAR (WS) § PATH: Iris used ta pr Thus wh 4c" dive, om (or) LOTUS diructories 7 PATH © CADOS; CAWS; CALOTUS a0 ‘This Gowisand fs geneely listed in ths AUTOEX(C. DAT files for Tis exeeution when the PCTs booted f 6. MD: It 1s used to make @ new directory (or sub-diresiony) which is secbortnate {or root) directory. 11s specified as [oblows: Co MDISTATS: (or) MD STATS : This commans makes (crentes) STATS" A sed io change from one directory te the other. a LP we have to work with files in the directory "STATS", the directory the