Knowledge and Practices on Food Safety of Street Food Vendors in the Night

market of Bayugan City

Introduction

This progress report aims to deliver and show updates in regards to the
research study “Knowledge and Practices on Food Safety of Street Food Vendors in
the Night market of Bayugan City”, which aims to study the level of food safety
knowledge and practices observed by the streetfood vendors of the Bayugan City
night market in order to assess whether the food preparation methods of the street
food vendors in the Bayugan City night market is good, safe, and reliable.

In the making of this research we were able to realize that this research would be
significant and its completion would not only help our group with our grades but also
the following from our community:

Community Health Office.

The findings of this study will help the city health office assess the situation of
the Public night market, which would allow them to know what policies would be
implemented to have cleaner foods in the food stalls of the Bayugan City Public
Night Market.

Street food vendors.

The vendors within the Public Night market would be informed what
sanitation practices they lack and what they have violated when it comes to
preparing street foods so that they will determine ways to improve their actions.
Consumers.

The findings of this study will redound to benefit the consumers since it can
show them what kind of sanitation practices can be observed from the vendors in the
night market and how they prepare the street foods.

Students.

The students of Bayugan National Comprehensive High School will be aware

of the food sanitation practices and food handling methods that are observed and not
observed by the street food vendors of the Bayugan City night market through the
findings of this study. The findings of this study will help them assess which food stall
is safe to buy street food.

Our group has then decided that the study will only include the street food
vendors near Bayugan Night Market, food stalls along the school vicinity, and street
food vendors in Bayugan Wet Market. Respondents of the study will be selected
according to the number of months selling street foods with at least five months of
street food selling. On and off-street food sellers will not be included in the study.

After the manuscript was submitted to Sir Gerry Brital he then tasked us to
add more related studies of the RRL, since we only had ten studies in total both
foreign and local we decided to add five each towards the foreign and local studies
to meet the requirements of 20 studies in total.
We added 5 for the foreign studies which are:

Hygiene knowledge and practices of night market food vendors in Tainan City,
Taiwan

The objective of the study is to assess the level of hygiene knowledge among
night market food vendors and evaluate their adherence to proper food safety
practices. Ensuring food safety is crucial to prevent foodborne illnesses and maintain
public health. This empirical study can be utilized to better understand the current
state of food hygiene procedures at tourist night markets, as well as to investigate
appropriate measures for enhancing food safety at the markets.

Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude and Hygiene Practices Among the Street
Food Vendors in Northern Kuching City, Sarawak

Street food vending is a major public health hazard, and food handlers play a
critical role in food safety. This study examined the level of food safety knowledge,
attitude, and practice among 361 street food sellers in Kuching, Sarawak. Age and
ethnicity were critical factors for food safety awareness, while food safety knowledge
and training were influential factors for attitude, according to multinomial regression
analysis. Food safety practice demonstrated an inverse association with the duration
of food vending.

Food Safety Knowledge and Practice of Street Food Vendors in Rural Northern
Ghana

Street food vendors in rural northern Ghana have a high level of

understanding about food safety issues, but this knowledge is not put into practice. A
cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the level of knowledge and to
evaluate food safety and hygiene practices.
Street food vendors’ hygienic practices in some Asian and EU countries – A
survey

This study assessed street food vendors' hygienic practices in four Asian and
EU countries according to the Codex code of practice general principles on food
hygiene. Results showed that hygiene requirements in equipment and food
preparation and serving were better implemented than in personal hygiene. The level
of fulfillment was most strongly influenced by the type of street food vendor.

Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of street food vendors in

Jashore region, Bangladesh

The study focused on assessing the food safety knowledge, attitude, and
practice (KAP) of food vendors in the Jashore region of Bangladesh. As people
increasingly eat meals outside their homes, there is a concern about food-borne
illnesses caused by unsafe food preparation and supply by vendors. The study
involved 200 food vendors and used a randomized descriptive cross-sectional
approach. The findings revealed that among the socio-demographic factors
considered, only the level of education significantly influenced the vendors' food
safety knowledge and practice. The statistics indicated that food vendors in the
Jashore region generally had good overall food safety knowledge, but their attitudes
and practices needed improvement.

We also added 5 for the local studies which are:

Sanitary Conditions of Food Vending sites and Food Handling Practices of

Street Food Vendors: Implication for food hygiene and safety

Unsanitary conditions, a lack of knowledge of food safety rules, a lack of hygiene

education, and improper food handling procedures among food sellers can all
contribute to outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. The purpose of this study is to look
into the food safety knowledge and practices of street food vendors, as well as to
examine the hygienic conditions of street food sellers in Tarlac State University's
Main Campus vending machines.

Food safety awareness and practices of street food vendors in Iloilo City

This study found that the level of awareness and degree of practices of street food
vendors in Iloilo City is higher than the degree of practices. It is recommended that
the local government should focus on food safety practices and implement rules.

The perception of local street food vendors of Tanauan city, Batangas on food
safety

The hospitality industry is the fastest-growing industry globally, with a focus on

customer satisfaction. Street food serves as an example within this industry, but food
safety remains a significant concern. Researchers conducted a study in Tanauan
City, Batangas, to explore how food vendors perceive food safety and apply food
safety practices. The study found that vendors' perceptions of food safety varied
based on their demographic profiles, and they implemented different practices in
their businesses.

Analytical Evaluation of Food Safety Knowledge and Practices of Street Food

Vending in the Philippines

This study explored the difference between food safety knowledge and practices
among street food vendors in a developing country. By using statistical tests and
modeling techniques, the researchers found that food safety knowledge significantly
influenced food safety practices. These findings can be useful for stakeholders in
developing strategies and policies to tackle the issues related to street food vending.
Street Food Preparation Practices

This study investigated the food sanitation practices of street food vendors in
Batangas City. The findings revealed that many vendors focused on selling isaw, a
popular local snack. Observations indicated that vendors maintained clean and
organized working areas as part of their sanitation practices.

In this progress report we will also discuss the methodology we will be using in order
to gain the desired outcome, preliminary findings, future direction, and the
conclusion.

Methodology

In this section we will be discussing the methodology on how we aim to

achieve our research’s desired outcome.

Our group aims to evaluate the level of Food Safety Practices of the Bayugan
City Night Market Vendors and finish our Research Proposal as our Desired
outcome, because once the fulfilment of the research's completion is fulfilled we aim
to provide information these following groups:

 Bayugan City Night Market Vendors

 Bayugan City Night Market Consumers

 (LGU) Local Government Unit

  Bayugan City Health Office

We aim to benefit these groups in multiple different ways. The Bayugan

City Night Market Vendors can benefit from our Research by taking information and
knowledge about how they can further improve their Food Preparing Pratices as well
as Hygiene while preparing and Serving the Food to the Bayugan City Night Market
Consumers.

The Bayugan City Night Market Consumers can benefit from our
Research by also taking information and knowledge, but in a different approach.
They can apply the information by knowing and understanding the way The Bayugan
City Night Market Vendors prepare the food that the Consumers are about to eat.
They will feel more safe and will have more trust on consuming the food or they will
avoid eating the food based on what the Results of our Research are.

The (LGU) Local Government Unit can Benefit from our Research by
using the data about the Bayugan City Night Market Vendors Food and Saftey
Practices to let them know if the Vendors are serving safe and clean food, or making
them have to make a few adjustments to the Bayugan City Night Market Vendors or
the whole Bayugan City Night Market itself to better the hygienic methods of the
vendors.

The Bayugan City Health Office can benefit from our Research by taking
the results and information from our study to assist them in knowing the possible
illnesses or germs that can be gained, from the food that is served to the Bayugan
City Night Market Consumers, and to also know the proper medicine to help cure the
possible illnesses.
 With all these possible benefits, we aim to provide them the data and
information needed through the following methods:

Research Design, which a descriptive approach will be used to achieve

our desired goal. Numerous research methods may be used in a descriptive
research design to investigate one or more variables. The researcher observes and
measures the variables rather than altering or manipulating them, as in experimental
research. Data on the practices and understanding of food vendors in Bayugan City's
night market with regard to food safety were collected using Survey research
method.

Determination of Sample Size, where stratified random sampling is

what we are going to utilize for this Research, in which the population of street food
vendors will be categorized according to its characteristics; for example, there will be
a group for vendors that serve barbecue, kwek-kwek, balut, fruit drinks, and coolers,
etc. To ensure that each group has an equal chance of being chosen, a sample will
be chosen for each group. An objective depiction of the entire population is what a
random sample is supposed to be. The Local Government Unit's statistics will be
used to determine the overall number of street food sellers in Bayugan City Night
Market.

Also the Research Instrument that we are going to utilize to attain our
desired outcome, which is the:

Adopted Survey Questionnaire , This aims to assess the level of

knowledge of food vendors in the Bayugan City Public Night Market on best
practices for food safety and cleanliness.
 Validation of our Research Instrument, where the Adopted Survey
Questionnaire will be given to professionals for comments, suggestions,
recommendations and corrections.

Then our Data Gathering Procedure, which are the following steps:

Step 1. Approach the LGU and the City Health Office in order to know the registered food
stalls in the Bayugan City Night market.

Ask the LGU, City Health Office and the Baranggay for permission to conduct the Research
within the Bayugan City Night Market.

Step 2. Prepare an adopted survey questionnaire covering various aspects of food safety
knowledge and practices among street vendors.

Step 3. Then conduct the actual Research at the Bayugan City Night Market.

Step 4. Distribute to the street food vendors the self-made questionnaires for them to
answer.

Step 5. Mark the answers of the food vendors with a particular score according to the
satisfaction of the answer but zero points for incorrect answers or unanswered questions.

Step 6. Express the total marks as a percentage.

Step 7. Classify each street food vendor's total grades by rating the grades above or equal
to 50% as good, and scores less than 50% will be graded as poor.
 Then lastly in order to achieve our desired outcome we will then
analyse the data collected from the Bayugan City Night Market Vendors (Statistical
Analysis). Whereas the scores of each food vendor from the Bayugan City night
market will be added up using the mean to measure their level of understanding of
food safety, food sanitation, correct handling of food, and how they prepare the food
they provide to customers.

Preliminary Findings

 Mr. Vincent Butch

Sir Butch suggests that we should focus more on technical science than the
social sciences. As Sir Butch said, our study focuses more on the progressive
relationship among the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of street food vendors in
Bayugan's City Night Market. He suggests that we should try to improve the science
itself in our study on how we should improve the food preparations or food handling
in Bayugan's City Night Market based on the observations that we made.

He also suggests that we should try to improve our science factors so that they lean
more on the science itself rather than the social sciences so that they will be much
more practical, and for our questionnaires for the street food vendors, he said that
the questions about food preparation or handling are good, but for the level of
knowledge questionnaires and the attitudes, he suggests that we should try to
improve them.

Furthermore, he suggests that we should observe the procedures of food handling

and preparation by the street food vendors at Night Market Bayugan City, and from
the observations we get, he suggests that our study should focus more on that than
the behavior and attitudes of the street food vendors at Bayugan City's Night Market.
 Mrs. Crystelle Anne Baynosa-Montera

Mrs. Montera suggests that our study should focus more on Mathematics.
Rather than our study focusing on the progressive relationship among the
knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of street food vendors, She suggests trying to
focus more on how we should improve the sellers products for them to sell more and
fit the consumers needs, but with a mathematical approach. As she said, our study
will go that way since our study evaluates the level of knowledge and food safety
practices of a street food vendor in Bayugan's City Night Market, so that the
consumers that visit Night Market will have knowledge about it and will be aware of
the situation. Mrs. Montera said, if our study goal is in that case, it will go the way, to
the point, that we have to suggest how we should improve the seller's products for
them to meet the consumers needs and for them to meet the consumers
expectations about food safety, as that was the goal of our study.

Furthermore, Mrs. Monetra said we have to improve it using a mathematical

approach. About the mathematical approach, she suggests that we should observe
the usual visitors of Bayuan City's Night Market (about their sex and age). She
added that, based on the observations we get, we should apply them to suggesting
ways to improve the seller's product. She added that an example of this is that,
assuming that the usual visitors are women who are mothers, the sellers should sell
along with their products that the consumers like (such as flowers, pots, plates, etc.)
for them to sell more and for them to fit their needs. And she suggest to use a
mathematical approach for this so that we can count and observe the usual visitors
based on their sex and age so that we can suggest ways to improve the seller's
product to meet the consumers needs.
 Mrs. Lani Varquez Casis

Mrs. Casis suggests organizing the Adopted Survey Questionnaire. She

suggests that there should be categories for the questionnaires. As an example,
there should be a different questionnaire about the level of knowledge of food safety,
the food safety practices, and the food safety attitude. She stated that having
categories for the questionnaires would help our study be more organized and have
more accurate data. She also added that it's okay if we have only one framework
between the theoretical framework and the conceptual framework. Furthermore, Mrs.
Cassis also suggests that we have to be more specific about the statement of the
problem and cross out problems that are not necessary to our study; she added that
we should always connect our statement of the problem and the frameworks.

Moreover, Mrs. Casis suggests In the introduction to start with global issues, move
down to national issues, and lastly, local issues, to be clear on the main problem of
the study. Mrs. Casis checked the grammar to be clear with statements and to have
no misunderstandings within the statements. She also checks statements that are
repeating or necessary to put. Mrs. Cassis suggests being positive within the
statements to cause no confusion, such as the statement about the preparation of
food by the street food vendors in Bayugan's City Night Market. Additionally, she
suggests adding 'experience' to our science factor in our study, as there is a
question about it in the questionnaire, and it is also a great factor in our study to
evaluate the goals within it. Furthermore, she also suggests not asking about the
homes of the street food vendors and how they sanitize, prepare, and take care of
the food in their houses. As there was a question about this in the questionnaire to
observe the home of the street food vendors, she suggests not asking about it, as
we really cannot be there on the direct site and it's not necessary in our study.
 Sir Mark Lajera

According To Sir Mark Lajera there are already studies that are conducted in
the Bayugan City nightmarket and are already similar to ours. In our own
interpretation we understood that Sir Mark wants us to conduct the study but in a
different approach, Sir Mark probably wants us conduct the research but lean on the
technical science part and not more on social Science.

Future Direction

Based on the preliminary findings and feedback received, there are several potential
future directions for the research study on the knowledge and practices of food
safety among street food vendors in the night market of Bayugan City. These
directions aim to enhance the study's impact and relevance to the community.

 Strengthen the focus on technical science: Incorporate more technical

aspects into the study, emphasizing the science behind food preparation and
handling. This can include conducting thorough observations of the procedures
and practices followed by street food vendors in the Bayugan City night market.
By understanding the specific areas that require improvement, recommendations
can be made to enhance food safety practices effectively.

 Incorporate a mathematical approach: Integrate a mathematical approach to

the study by analyzing data related to the usual visitors of Bayugan City's night
market. This analysis can involve demographics such as sex and age to identify
patterns and preferences among consumers. By understanding consumer
behavior and preferences, suggestions can be made to improve the products and
offerings of street food vendors to better meet consumer needs.
 Expand the scope to include consumer perceptions: In addition to assessing
the knowledge and practices of street food vendors, consider incorporating
consumer perceptions and experiences regarding food safety in the night market.
This can be achieved through surveys or interviews with consumers to gather
their feedback, concerns, and suggestions. Understanding consumer perceptions
can provide valuable insights for both street food vendors and local authorities to
address food safety concerns effectively.

 Collaborate with local government and health authorities: Strengthen the

collaboration with the local government unit (LGU) and the Bayugan City Health
Office. Work closely with these organizations to share research findings and
recommendations, and collaborate on implementing policies and initiatives to
improve food safety practices in the night market. By actively involving the
relevant authorities, the study's impact can be amplified, leading to more effective
changes in food safety regulations and enforcement.

By pursuing these future directions, the research study can contribute to the ongoing
efforts to improve food safety practices among street food vendors in the night
market of Bayugan City. The findings and recommendations can benefit not only the
vendors themselves but also the consumers, local government, and health
authorities, leading to a safer and more hygienic street food environment.
Conclusion

This progress report has provided updates on the research study titled "Knowledge
and Practices on Food Safety of Street Food Vendors in the Night market of
Bayugan City." The aim of the study is to assess the level of food safety knowledge
and practices among street food vendors in Bayugan City, specifically in the night
market area.

The completion of this research study holds significance not only for the academic
purposes of our group but also for the community stakeholders involved. The
findings of the study have the potential to benefit various groups, including the
Community Health Office, street food vendors, consumers, and students.

Preliminary findings indicate suggestions from experts in the field. Mr. Vincent Butch
recommends focusing more on the technical aspects of food preparation and
handling, while Mrs. Crystelle Anne Baynosa-Montera suggests incorporating a
mathematical approach to improve the sellers' products and meet consumer needs.
Mrs. Lani Varquez Casis emphasizes the organization of the adopted survey
questionnaire to enhance the research process.

In conclusion, this progress report highlights the ongoing research on food safety
knowledge and practices among street food vendors in the Bayugan City Night
Market. The study aims to contribute valuable insights for the benefit of the
Community Health Office, street food vendors, consumers, and students. By
assessing the current situation and providing recommendations for improvement,
this research endeavor strives to enhance food safety standards and promote a
healthier dining experience for the community.
 Our group has also concluded that there are lots of things that are needed to
be done if we were to complete this research and make it successful. We have
concluded that the application of all the comments and tips provided by the panelists
are some of the things we need in order for us to be able for us to complete this
research. We also found out that working together at all times is crucial and would
benefit us all in this work and would bring us closer together and help us understand
each other leading us to aid each other in their tasks of doing this research.