STM 005: General Chemistry 1

Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

Lesson Title: Measuring Amounts of Substances Materials:

SAS, periodic table
Learning Targets: References:
At the end of this module the learners should be able to: http://misterguch.brinkster.net/PRA
023.pdf
1. Determine formula and molecular masses. http://www.isd622.org/cms/lib07/M
2. Calculate the percent composition by mass of substances.
N01001375/Centricity/Domain/166/
1.
formula%20mass%20worksheet.p
df

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW

Introduction

Good day students! I hope you’re doing great. Today we will be focusing on measuring amounts of
substances. But before that, please answer the activity below as a review of the topic last session.

Directions: Complete the table. Refer with periodic table for atomic mass.

Washing Soda: Na2CO3

Atomic mass Mass Percentage composition
Atom Number
(amu) (Number x atomic mass) (mass/total mass x 100)
Na 2
C 1
O 3
Formula Mass:

B. MAIN LESSON

Content and Skill-Building

What is Molar Mass?

Substances take up space and have mass. Molecules, which make up substances, often need to be
measured in experiments, and it is important that these measurements are accurate. But, how can we

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 STM 005: General Chemistry 1
Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

measure something so small in an accurate way? How do we normally measure molecules In this module, we
use steps to calculate molar mass as well as percentage composition by mass.

Through careful calculation, scientists can determine the number of moles a specific reaction will need.
A mole is a unit of measure that helps us compare particles of any given substance and its mass. If we already
know the number of moles needed, we can use the concept of molar mass to calculate how many grams of
the substance are required. The molar mass, also known as molecular weight, is the sum of the total mass
in grams of all the atoms that make up a mole of a particular molecule. The unit used to measure is grams
per mole.

How to Find the Molar Mass for Compounds

Compounds are substances that are made up of more than one element. For example, some common
compounds include salt, glucose, acetic acid (or vinegar), and sodium bicarbonate (or baking soda).

The compound sodium chloride is made up of two elements, namely, sodium and chlorine. Let's use
this compound, sodium chloride, as our first example on how to calculate the molar mass for the compounds.
The first thing we need to do is to find sodium and chlorine in the periodic table.

Step 1: Find the atomic masses of individual elements in the periodic table

The first thing we need is to find the individual atomic masses for each element. If you look at the
entries for sodium and chlorine in the table, we will pay attention to the numbers that appear in the top left (see
video). These represent the atomic mass. The element sodium has an atomic mass of 22.98976 g/mol. The
element chlorine has an atomic mass of 35.453 g/mol.

Step 2: Count how many atoms there are for each element

For the compound sodium chloride, since there are no subscripts (small numbers at the bottom of each
element's symbol), that means there is only one sodium and only one chlorine atom for this compound.

Step 3: Find the molar mass

Now that we know how many atoms there are for each element, we can find the molar mass.

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 STM 005: General Chemistry 1
Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

First, we calculate the mass of the sodium atoms, which is 22.98976 grams per mole. Next, we do the
same for the mass of chlorine atoms, which is 35.453 grams per mole. Then, we add these two masses
together to find the total mass of sodium chloride molecules. This comes out to 58.44276 grams per mole
which we can round to 58.44 grams per mole.

Percent composition indicates the relative amounts of each element in a compound. For each element,
the mass percent formula is:

% mass = (mass of element in 1 mole of the compound) / (molar mass of the compound) x 100%

Or mass percent = (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 100%

The units of mass are typically grams. Mass percent is also known as percent by weight or w/w%. The
molar mass is the sum of the masses of all the atoms in one mole of the compound. The sum all the mass
percentages should add up to 100%. Watch for rounding errors in the last significant figure to make sure all the
percentages add up.

Skill-building Activities

Directions: Complete the table. Refer with periodic table for atomic mass.

Cholesterol: C27H46O

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 STM 005: General Chemistry 1
Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

Percentage
Atomic mass Mass
composition
Atom Number (amu) (Number x
(mass/molecular
atomic mass)
mass x 100)
C
H
O
Molecular Mass:

Hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2

Percentage
Atomic mass Mass
composition
Number (amu) (Number x
Atom (mass/molecular
atomic mass)
mass x 100)
Ca
P
O
H
Formula Mass:

Check for Understanding

GRADED QUIZ

A. Directions: find the formula mass of the following compounds. Round off the atomic masses into the
tenth of a decimal place. Place your final answer in the Formula Mass Column.

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 STM 005: General Chemistry 1
Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

COMPOUND FORMULA MASS COMPOUND FORMULA MASS

1. Ca3(PO4)2 6. AgNO2
2. K2Cr2O7 7. NiSO3
3. MgCrO4 8. HgSO4
4. Fe(NO3)3 9. KBr
5. K3PO4 10. ZnCl2

B. Directions: Find the percent compositions of all of the elements in the following compounds:

1. CuBr2= Cu: Br:

2. NaOH= Na: O: H:

3. (NH4)2S= N: H: S:

4. N2S2= N: S:

C. LESSON WRAP-UP

Summary / Frequently Asked Questions

Thinking about Learning

Congratulations for finishing this module!

As we’ve finished the lesson for today, list down at least two lessons you’ve gained for today’s session.
1.________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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 STM 005: General Chemistry 1
Module #9 Student Activity Sheet

Name: ________________________________________ Class number: _________________

Section: _________ Schedule: _____________________ Date: _________________________

KEY TO CORRECTIONS

Lesson Review

Washing Soda: Na2CO3

Atomic mass Mass Percentage composition
Atom Number
(amu) (Number x atomic mass) (mass/total mass x 100)
Na 2 22.99 45. 98 43.38%
C 1 12.01 12. 01 11.33%
O 3 16.00 48.00 45.29%
Formula Mass: 105.99 amu 100%

Skill Building Activities

Cholesterol: C27H46O

Percentage
Atomic mass Mass
composition
Atom Number (amu) (Number x
(mass/molecular
atomic mass)
mass x 100)
C 27 12.01 324.27 83.87%
H 46 1.008 46. 368 11.99%
O 1 16.00 16.00 4.14%
Molecular Mass: 386.64 amu 100%

Hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2

Percentage
Atomic mass Mass
composition
Number (amu) (Number x
Atom (mass/molecular
atomic mass)
mass x 100)
Ca 10 40.08 400.8 39.90%
P 6 30.97 185.82 18.50%
O 26 16.00 416.0 41.41%
H 2 1.008 2.016 0.20%
Formula Mass: 1004.6 amu 100%

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