DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF VOICE ACTIVATION CONTROL SYSTEM

By

ONYEAGBA PRINCEWILL CHIKE 2017/EN/4620

A RESEARCH WORK SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

ALEX EKWUEME FEDERAL UNIVERSITY NDUFU ALIKE IKWO,

EBONYI STATE

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN ELEVTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

SUPERVISOR:

ENGR. OGECHI
 DECLARATION

I,ONYEAGBA PRINCEWILL CHIKE hereby declare that this work, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

VOICE ACTIVATION CONTROL SYTEM, is the product of my own research efforts, undertaken
under the supervision of Engr Ogechi and has not been presented elsewhere for the award of a degree.

__________________________________

ONYEAGBA PRINCEWILL CHIKE

2017/EN/4620
 CERTIFICATION

It is hereby certified that this research project titled DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF VOICE

ACTIVATION CONTROL SYSTEM, is an original work conducted, carried out and written by

ONYEAGBA PRINCEWILL CHIKE with Matriculation Number FUNAI/B.ENG/15/1659 in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Engineering (B.ENG) degree in the

Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alex Ekwueme Federal University,

Ndufu Alike.

___________________ __________________

Engr Ogechi. Date

Supervisor

___________________________________

Engr Dr Umah U. Umah. Date

Head of Department

___________________ __________________

Engr Prof E. N. C. Okafor Date

External Supervisor
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to God Almighty for the gift of privilege and opportunity and I will also like to

dedicate this work to my distinguished lecturers for their

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My profound gratitude goes to my Supervisor and Head of Department, Engr Ogechil, for his love,

professional and insightful advice, and for his support that helped me enormously throughout this

journey. Indeed, he was very instrumental to the success of this project. I could not have had a

better supervisor.

In a special way, I wish to appreciate the love, prayers and support of my parents, friends and

every one of my lecturers.

CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 3.1 Node MCU ESP8266.

Fig 3.2 battery pack

Fig 3.3 push button.

Fig 3.4 Led.

Fig 3.5 Black casing

Fig 3.6 Vero-board.

Fig 3.7 PC.

Fig 3.8 USB 2.0.

Fig 3.9 Jumper wire.

Fig 3.10 Block diagram of system design

 ABSTRACT

System Automation is fast becoming a trending research area in the 21st century considering its

great importance in every aspect of our daily lives. This report is mainly based on the design and

construction of voice automation control which is one of the most important applications of system

automation. Looking into the advancement in technology, there is an incessant need for smarter

homes and that is why this project is important. It incorporates not only voice as a biometric

activator but, it also integrates a wireless connection between voice and the automaton control

system. This project is also special because it has been designed in such a manner that a voice

recognition system can be as far as over 1 kilometer away from the home automation system to

automate any appliance connected to it which is communicated through a wireless medium. This

projection was brought into fruition by means of extensive programming, in depth researches,

guidance and opinions from my supervisors as well as colleagues through various evaluation

processes. The very basics of this project are so that this system can enable the users have absolute

control over most appliances in their homes using their voices The control circuit which consists of

an Arduino uno microcontroller processes the users voice commands via an android Smartphone

which is installed with ‘AMR voice’ interface. A relay controls the switching of appliances via a
wireless HC-05 Bluetooth module, which shares a signal data between the microcontroller and the

Android phone.
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The rate at which technology is advancing is a thing of marvel and through the continuous
monumental advancements in fields such as wireless communication and information technology
(IT), it is now more than ever, very possible to integrate various aspects of smartness into our
homes.

The use of infrared controlled units like the remote control used in operating home appliances such
as the central air conditioning units, heating and lighting systems and so many others are on the
rapid increase due to its ease of use and comfort.

This system majorly provides better control locally and remotely, improving usability and
functionality of any home it is installed in, enabling savings on cost and power. This project
demonstrates a system that can be integrated as a single portable unit and allows the users to
wirelessly control their home appliances/devices by turning them ON/OFF accordingly. The voice
command conveyed to the control unit is converted into binary sequence by an Arduino uno
microcontroller which switches the load ON/OFF as desired. The microcontroller unit takes
commands and performs the required task.

The methods adopted are the use of two systems, with one handling the voice recognition and
sending the results wirelessly to the other system handling the home automation. All steps and
procedures used to arrive at this will be explained in later reports.

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The term automation was coined in the automobile industry in 1946 to describe the increased use
of automatic devices and control in mechanized production lines. The origin of the word is
attributed to D.S Harder, an engineering manager at the ford motor company at the time. The word
is used widely in manufacturing context, but it is also applied outside manufacturing in connection
with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical or
computerized action human effort or intelligence.
Therefore, automation can be defined as a technology concerned with performing a process by
means of programmed commands combined with automatic feedback control to ensure proper
execution of the instructions (Britannica). Automation according Wikipedia, describes a wide
range of technologies that reduce human intervention in process, namely by predetermining
decision criteria, sub-process relationships, and related actions as well as embodying those
predeterminations in machines.

Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, electrical, electronic
devices and computers, usually in combination. The benefit of automation includes labor savings,
reducing wastes, Savings in electrical cost, Improvements to quality, accuracy and precision. In the
simplest type of an automatic control loop, a controller compares a measured value of a process
with a desired set value and processes the resulting error signal to change some input to the
process, in such a way that the process stays at its set point despite disturbances.

With this brief detailed background on automation, it can be postulated that home automation in
the this sense is the technology concerned with the performance of a home by means of
programmed instructions linking with automatic results to ensure concise execution of the these
programmed instructions (Somfy team, 2018). Home automation or domestics is the process of
building or installing automation for a home, which in this context is coined as a smart home or a
smart house. A home automation system will monitor and control home attributes such as lighting,
climate condition, and Entertainment systems. It may also include home security such as access
control and alarm systems. When connected with the internet, home devices are an important
constituent of internet of things IOT (Wikipedia).

In 1975, the first general purpose home automation network technology, X10 was developed as a
connection protocol for electronic devices. It primarily uses electric power or transmission wiring
for signaling and control when the signals involve brief radio frequency bursts of digital data and
remains the most widely available. By 2012, in the United States, according to ABI research, 1.5
million home automation systems were installed. And by the end of 2018 more than 45 million
smart home devices must have been installed in the U.S homes (Statista).

Now taking a brief outlook into the realm of voice automation control, the road to speech
recognition began with a system named Audrey, created by bell laboratories in 1952. As of then
Audrey was fairly rudimentary, as it was only capable of understanding numbers spoken by
specific people. A decade later, IBM’S shoebox machine, which could understand 16 words
spoken only in English by a designated speaker, was invented. These caveats proved to be
problematic and only increased skeptics opposing voice recognition.

From the 1950’s onward, there were numerous approaches to speech recognition that did little to
advance the technology. However, in the early 1980’s came the Hidden Markov Model (HMM).
The HMM drastically altered the development of a viable speech recognition software by way of
HMM, speech recognition went from using templates to understanding words to as statistical
method that measured the probability of unknown sounds being words to go from a few hundred to
a few thousand. Thus, the potential to recognize an unlimited number of words was in the horizon.
After multiple attempts to successfully launch this technology it didn’t generate much market
appeal until late 2010, where finally made into the hands of the masses.

Apple successfully implemented the voice activation technology on the very first Iphone, which
prompted Google to release a voice search app to its Smartphone soon after.

Now taking into consideration the afore mentioned background study, it can finally be deduced
from an empirical stand point, how this project has been technically observed and extensively
matched to result in the very first useful outcome, which is voice automation control.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

In the present day, robotics is swiftly but, imminently becoming a forerunner in the advancement
of our living conditions. The voice automation control system offers a diverse and advanced
method of controlling and communicating with our home appliances and devices. A home is for
many, a bane of sanctuary and refuge, and since human wants are insatiable, comfort must be
improved to keep up with the growing demands. In order to meet this standard, smartness must be
integrated into homes. Many research works have been carried out in this area, however there has
been no clarity as regards the circuitry and schematic diagrams of systems in the literature as well
as coding of the Arduino microcontroller for comprehensive understanding.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The voice activated home automation system will help to control different loads (electrical
appliances) with simple voice commands centrally granting single-point control to the low-down
on all home functions

Project attempts to implement a system that will overcome the disadvantages of traditional system
in speech recognition base on the controlling of home appliances.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this project is to design and implement (prototype testing) a smartness of voice

Interactions for home automation done wirelessly for a switch ON/OFF of the electrical

Appliances connected to it. The following are the objectives:

 To activate a communication between an android phone device and the Bluetooth enabled
micro-controller wirelessly.
 Eradicate conventional switches and ease up living conditions.
 Design an interface for a Bluetooth module and a microprocessor module.
 Smart phone will be used for the application software which will connected to Google
Voice command input.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project is only for voice control and home appliances, taking “ON” and “OFF” voice

Commands through application software connected to the Google voice command input in
Smartphone for automation.

It consists of Arduino uno microcontroller which interprets user instructions and manages device
switching. Bluetooth module uses wireless technology for data transfer, establishes the connection
between the microprocessor and a Smartphone for automation of home appliances (bulbs, socket
and others)
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

Voice recognition often times called speaker recognition has incorporated a wide range of fields,

both in the method of recognition and applications. (Shrutijoshi, March 2017) proposed voice

recognition as a system which detects human voice, converts/reforms it into signals for

understanding machines at the point of application. (Sourav De, January 2014) described voice

recognition as a three step process, first labeled training where processed voices are stored in the

system for future referencing, the second labeled training where stored processed voices and

processed voices are compared, lastly results are when a match comes up, the application is set to

play and if there isn’t a match the system disapproves the application.

(Barbu, July 2009) proposed voice recognition into two forms which are; Text (speech) dependent

voice recognition, disapproving speakers on the basis of the same speech and text (speech)

independent voice recognition, disapproving speakers on the basis of any speech, where the text

dependent is applying a DDFMC based feature extraction while the text independent will be

applying techniques like vector quantization or Gaussian mixture models which area are the most

reliable.

(Muniz, 2007) postulated a complex voice recognition system with in depth analysis dividing the

system into subsystems, subunits, mentioning the subsystems done audio processing system which

gathers and processes the audio in play. Distance processor subsystem allows the audio processing

at the same time interval, operation subsystem where the new audio can be added to the database

or a user can be identified. Control unit subsystem indicates the states of the whole system by
controlling the LED lights, the Add, identify and validation subsystem are constraints of the

control unit subsystem, memory subsystem to store and read the features of the voice input.

Action register subsystem receives the synchronized user input, also sends action to the control

unit when system is idle via action signal and finally, the VGA (Video Graphics Array) subsystem

which produces the horizontal, vertical sync and blanking signals also produce pixels and line

count

RELATED WORKS

(AwadallaTaifor Ali, April 2007) and (Gayatri R, Shinde, July 2015) maneuvered using a wireless

channel (RF modules) which is an exemplary idea but still voice commands are trained and on the

easy VR 2.0 voice recognition utilizing software “Easy VR Commander” but (GayatriR.Shinde,

July 2015) used a v3 recognition module and added a keypad for a non-voice controlled

automation. The two projects give an option of registering any custom voice command and then

training the module to recognize the command. Also, that voice command can be tested for an

accurate recognition by speaking it in the microphone and then the software indicates the

command spoken on the screen. This software also has a key feature of generating an Arduino-

Based code depending on the number of voice commands trained, which is compatible with

“Energia”. Here the software “Energia” is used to program the Arduino uno development board,

which contains the Atmega328-IC [6-8]. In conclusion, in this project the preliminary test results

are promising.

(Marlon Jose, 2015)procured a project on the development of a voice command system as the

offline Google Speech Recognition Engine taking care of the recognition part. The system’s user

intermediary is a cell phone Android Application, which sends instruction also to an Arduino
board to execute the commands. In conclusion of the project sometimes, the Google Speech

Recognition was not able to recognize the speech. Therefore, that opens up the opinion that this

tool is not fully reliable, and further development of a more reliable speech recognition tool should

be considered.

(Kuilay Tasdelen, April 2018) made audio controlled home automation possible with easy VR

Microphone, sounds are detected through the use of the card/module, the easy VR commander is

then tasked with the program, the result of this comparison is to determine the Arduino Uno

decision in giving out the instruction to the relay card, when the switch provides the necessary

control. In conclusion, the performance and efficiency of the project changing from time to time

due to differences in voice resounding. As regards the use of the microcontroller, a more portable

and cheaper one could have been used like the Arduino uno to save cost and space for the device,

also the use of direct communication to the device in a wide range without a secure channel as to

sound can be reflected as to the result of the conclusion.

(Rahul Deokar, June 2019), proving a voice-controlled home automation system could be

incorporated with an Atmega328p instead of an Arduino board where the voice commands given

by the user via AMR Application which converts voice to electrical signal is transferred by

Bluetooth to the microcontroller which detects the voice commands and the proceeds with

switching accordingly.

(Aqeel-ur-Rehman, 2014) proposed a system as an innovation where VCHAS (Voice command

home automation system) is introduced to be a more compatible and comfortable voice automation

technology. VCHAS incorporated a transducer, keyboard, integrated circuit for speech recognition,

RF module, and AVR microcontroller primarily. Additional equipments such as the LCD Is
commonly added to develop the home automation systems capabilities and make it more user-

friendly.

(Jinn-KweiGuo, September 2009) was interested in the replacement of the conventional control

unit in the ZigBee network. He developed a hand-held interactive voice controller instead of the

LCD and the keyboard, due to the limitation of BSR library implemented, because only 5 speech

words could be recognized. Due to the limited recognition capability provided by their provider is

extended by the multi-stage algorithm. This shows some scalability and feasibility in our

algorithm.

(Sharma, May-June 2013) procured an overall system controlled from a microphone which is

connected with HM 2007nspeech recognition chip. This chip sends the voice command in binary

sequence to microcontroller. The base station unit then takes decision and sends the commands to

remote station by ZigBee transceiver. The remote system receives the commands through ZigBee

transducer and performs the request function. The sensors unit is able to detect when the user

leaves the room by measuring the change in signal strength between the access points and can

accordingly turn off appliances such as electric bulbs and fans and in the meantime sends its status

back to the base station, the inclusion of this unit has made this project unique and exemplary.

(HumaidAlshu’eili, May 2011) brought about a system which implements Automatic Speech

Recognition engines through Microsoft Speech API’s. The system applies the wireless network

using ZigBee RF modules for their efficiency and low power consumption. Multimedia streaming

through the network was applied with the help of the Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM)

compression algorithms that enables compressing the speech data to half of its original size. The

prototype testing results are promising.

(Gadalla, 2006) and (Sidharta Chatterjee, 2014) postulated on the same subject picking up the

automationcentered on recognition of voice using low RF ZigBee Wireless Communication

modules. The home automation system is intended to control all lights and electrical appliances in

a home or office using voice. The system has been tested and verified, with voice recognition in

conjunction with ZigBee network we can end the complication of writing in case of wired

automation and also it prevents the moving to ON/OFF appliances.

(Ashristha, 2019) made a system in which devices are controlled either by giving voice commands

through a user friendly interface. Node MCU and raspberry pi are two boards being used. The

devices connected to the Node MCU can be controlled by giving voice commands with the

assistance of an android app and internet connection. The functionalities are made possible by the

android application named IFTTT. The devices that are connected to the raspberry pi can be

controlled through a user friendly interface. This technique is more developed than other home

automation methods in various ways due to the application of IOT technology.

(Rahul Biwash) looked into a system designed to be expandable with web-integration possibilities.

This makes it a worthy test bed to examine various algorithms for artificial intelligence-based

control systems as well as web enabled technology under internet-of-things architecture.

Experiments have been examined with different personnel speaking same command results in

good accuracy (100% for quiet background and above 90% for noisy background) of

performance, which proves that the system is as viable as its commercial counterparts.

(Sourav DE, January 2004) looked into the extraction of voice features being done by MFCC

(Mel-frequency cestrum coefficients) algorithm. The training process fully dependent on MFCC,

but afterwards three different models had to be utilized for testing purpose. HMM, DWT and VQ
have been used for comparing and the best result obtained in each case observed and put down.

Accuracy level arrived in this format is almost above 80% in both genders. The efficiency of this

recognition could be developed to over 90%. This can be utilized for the purpose of biometric tests

like retina and finger print scan. This process can be adopted to grant access in various zones like

the ATM machine, Automation of the system etc.

(Li Xinyu, 2013) made a system consisting of cell phone apps, a server and smart elements.

Connection between all these parts is dubbed as the real internet which basically means that you

can actually use the whole system anywhere. What makes Google voice better is the voice

recognition which is pretty seamless and accurate. Improvements could be made by using some

simple machine learning and statistical methods to derive the user’s habits by checking the activity

records in the database, making improvements on the algorithm to make the system much smarter

and faster.

(Prof K.K Mathew, April 2016) procured a phase of the project in the area of voice controlled

home automation. He defined Home Automation as a development in the field of automation at

home with the aid of GSM as an added feature and also where distance is no constraint, therefore

the appliances can be controlled from a wide range/distance. Along with the appliances, a regular

check can be maintained not only on the doors and windows but also on the LPG levels and water

levels.

(Jinsoohan, 2009) proposed an automatic standby power cut-off outlet as a ZigBee end device for

the energy-saving room architecture. A ZigBee controller with IR code learning functionality was

in charge for communicating with the power outlets and reducing intensity of the light. There are

also button switches on the controller manually operating the respective outlets and the reduction
of the light. After the ZigBee controller learned the IR codes from a conventional IR controller, the

user can then press the button on the IR controller to wake up the respective appliance.

(Hung, 2008) designed the remote power switching with current measurement outlets for the

power managed system. They used visual basic as the interface software for the framework so the

graphic user interface can provide an approachable operation of a typical home outlet. The

functions of the PC control software include the buttons, the reports of control statuses, and the

real-time power consumption etc.

(D. giusto, 2010), (VladmirVujoc, 2015) and (Buhur, 2005) all saw the project matter using an

IOT model to envision billions of sensors connected to the internet through wires and other

communication technologies. The sensors would generate large amounts of data which needs to be

analyzed, interpreted and utilized for monitoring and controlling the electrical and electronic

appliances at home remotely by simply using a Smartphone, implementing a low cost, flexible

home automation system. It also improves the use of wireless communication which provides the

user with a remote control of different electrical and electronic appliances.

(S.M.AnamulHaque, 2006) proposed two ways to control home appliances, which are by utilizing

timer and by utilizing voice commands. The software framework is developed on Virtual Basics

6.0 on a personal computer, and devices are controlled using personal computer parallel port.

(A.K Gnanasekar, 2012) proposed a voice recognition-based automation system for the sole

purpose of the industry (place of application) which utilizes HM2007 voice recognition module for

the voice recognition function which provides a maintenance engineer and a disabled person in the

industry to operate the loads with ease and comfort.

(Shruti Joshi, March 2017) procured the automatic control of lights or any other home appliances

utilizing the internet. The proposed work is condoned in networking our mobile of various

appliances via a smart logic circuit. It entails smart logic circuit linked to the appliances. Status of

all home appliances can be controlled by users from remote areas with the help of the users’

mobile phone. The various system functions supported are temperature and humidity, gas leakage

detection, control appliances etc. The designed system in addition to monitoring the sensor data,

like temperature, gas, light, motion sensors, also put to work a process according to the

requirement, for example, switching ON the light when it gets dark. It can also store the sensor

parameters in the webpage 9cloud in an accurate timely manner.

(Jain Aayush) and (Sohibat TALLAT, December 2014) both have the same view describing the

workings behind implementing a voice recognition algorithm in MATLAB. The algorithm uses the

discrete Fourier transform in order to compare the frequency spectra of two voices. There are two

stages of systems starting with Registration and then Testing. In the first stage, silence is needed

for the voice print to improve the precision of the recognition. The feature MFCC is extracted for

recognition. In testing session voice, print of an unknown speaker is taken then silence is required

and so the likelihood of finding a corresponding person in the database is relatively feasible.

(Experimental Evaluation of Speech Recognition Technologies for voice-based) this project is a

security focused system which unlocks only when a recognized person speaks a voice password

otherwise the system will not unlock. However, taking the voice recognition in another dimension,

going further by utilizing a tiny microcontroller with real-time speech processing, which basically

means storing samples in a memory location wouldn’t be needed, rather implementing band pass

filter in programming language using fixed-point format on the microcontroller. Analysis of voices

can be done with correlation and regression method to compare the voiceprint of different words;
these methods may vary in strength to recognize the same word. This system is quite seamless and

interesting.

(Mukesh Kumar, October 2015) procured that voice recognition based home automation system

was built and put to use a system specially orchestrated for the people suffering with paralysis and

for the elderly. The adjustable bed offers three rises; sleep position, rest position and sitting

position and according to the user comfort position by voice commands. The use of voice

commands eradicates the need of remote controllers and other electronic device and makes it easy

to relate with the system to perform automation and control electrical devices. The component

buzzer allows persons with special needs to notify the guardians whenever the person needs help.

The illumination sensor automatically turns off the lights when the sun light is enough to see

things around and a time delay is added so that if the user forgot to turn off lights or any device,

they will be automatically turned off to conserve energy.

(Hashimah, 2004) looked into the project matter applying voice biometric for security purposes, in

which the project voice is the key for accessing the door being secured. This system is produced to

exploit the intense security feature of voice used to unlock a door after a series of password is

entered through the keypad installed along with the system. By having this way of control, the

security of the area is prompted as a voice is unique each person. This project is schedule before

the security of the door which isn’t all that wide.

(Mathpati, 2021) procured the complete setup of this proposed system which is measured using a

microphone that is associated with a raspberry-pi.This raspberry-pi has a software interface called

(ALEXA) which transmits the voice commands in the form of discrete binary to the

microcontroller. The base station entity profits off of the decision according to the voice
instruction and directs the instructions to the remote station though the internet. The remote

method takes the command over Wi-Fi enabled internet server and performs the command

function.

All reviews above are similar to this project which is voice activation control but with a analyzed

from a different perspective and applied in a different manner. All projects including mine has

been specifically designed to meet the immediate needs of consumers, from the areas of security to

people with special needs and generally to satisfy the comfort of living.

Taking the reviews and extensive research done into further consideration, this project is unique

due to the range of wireless communication it offers between the voice recognition system and the

home automation system of up to 100 meters distance, as well as the compatibility, portability of

both systems which are user-friendly.

 CHAPTER THREE

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY

The system has two parts, namely; hardware and software. The hardware system consists of

Arduino UNO board, Bluetooth Module HC-05, Infinix Note 8i Android Phone and Home

Appliances such as Electric bulbs, standing fan, television set, refrigerators etc. The software

system consists of two softwares, The Bluetooth terminal application and the Arduino Integrated

Development Environment (IDE). Arduino IDE software is used for this entire programming

process; Arduino language is used to configure the Arduino UNO board.

This system is controlled by an Android application which establishes the connection with

Bluetooth module HC-05 and commands are sent via Bluetooth to Arduino. It may be controlled

by anyone of any age by just uttering the instruction.

3.1. DEVELOPMENT METHOLOGY

A variety of techniques can be utilized, depending on the goals of the project, to finish any project.

So, there are specific approaches that can be taken into account when designing software and

hardware. The following techniques are some of the most popular ones when it comes to software

development.

• Waterfall Model

• V-shaped Model

• Evolutionary Prototyping

• Spiral Model

• Iterative and Incremental Method

• Agile Development
 So, in contrast to other techniques, I picked the waterfall way of system development

lifecycle. Waterfall methodology is a widely used project management method with a

linear approach. In a waterfall workflow, each stage of the process must be finished before

going on to the next. While there are many different project management approaches,

waterfall is best suited for initiatives where the objectives are clearly outlined from the

beginning. The main justification is as follows:

• All the phases are accordingly well defined and ordered

• Keeps the time schedule for each phase from its starting point to the endpoint

• Every step at system development lifecycle (SDLC) has a unique deliverable. Another

important aspect is its sequential model, where the progress is seen in the slow and

downwards flow (like the water is failing from spring) all through to the end of the

software development to follow, which involves not only software development but also,

it’s practical implementation with hardware of the project.

3.2. DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY

It is an important technique in terms of getting all the statistics which were applied before or while

performing a project. As this is a product-based project, a deep qualitative and quantitative analysis

is not required, although a thorough understanding of the different procedures are required. As we

have discussed various different controlling mechanism via android-based home automation which

shows the number of procedures that are used for managing home appliances.

According to a study by (go-assist.co.uk) they have taken a survey of the adult aged between 2565

years old asking them about the smart home, whether they like it or not. More than 700 people

among thousand said they would love to have a smart home. People would like to have their home

automated considering security, monitoring, cost and energy, convenience, and protection. There is
also a data for security of a home automation done by (Greenthechmedia.com) we also has

collected data from the literature review. The literature reviewed has not only given us the reason

to pursue this idea in a better way, but it has also helped us to identify the reason for utilizing this

android-based technology. Previous trials and experiments are the major sources for adopting

better solutions for future trials, and it has totally helped us to a certain level. Good understanding

of the literature has helped us gain our objectives efficiently, and, it has helped us consider the

better procedure for our project

3.3. SOFTWARE METHODOLGY

To accomplish the project, we had to go through various software methodologies, so that we could

use the one which is best to fulfill the requirements in an efficient manner. There are many

software tools available, in our case, after careful analysis, we have chosen

3.3.1. AMR VOICE INTERFACE, because of its simplicity and efficiency. There is other software

that we could use, but we decided to use AMR VOICE INTERFACE as this is easy to make an

android application. There are android studio and eclipse that use java language to make

applications, but our target is to achieve the project in a much simpler and efficient manner, other

android studies are quite complicated and some are less efficient. Because of this, we have decided

to go for the APP INVENTOR instead. The research is realized with the help of an Android based

application known as the “AMR Voice” which can be downloaded from an open-source website

using Google search. The application uses Google voice recognition system for speech recognition.

APP DEVELOPMENT: When we connect our Smartphone with HC-05 Bluetooth module through

the above app we would automatically get connected to the app and we will be able to see number

of buttons named as ON and OFF of. To connect the app with a Bluetooth device we utilize the

button at the bottom and to exit the app we click on the exit button. Hence, home appliances can be
automatically controlled through this Arduino Bluetooth Control device. In addition, we will be

able to control eight devices through this single android application.

It is user friendly and easy to use.

Figure 3.3.1 ARM

3.3.2. PROGRAMMING OF ARDUINO UNO

When programming the microcontroller from pc, a cable for serial, parallel, or USB

communication and an Arduino Uno board is used with Arduino IDE software. The Arduino IDE

software is a specialized program in the Windows environment for writing programs for the

microcontroller. The program is written in Assembly language.

The steps for programming the microcontroller are as follows;

i. Connect the device to pc using the USB serial cable ii.

Open and load the written code document.

 iii. Click the upload icon to upload the written code to the microcontroller through the

Arduino Uno board.

3.4. HARDWARE METHODOGY

The designed Home Automation system contains three main hardware components, the Arduino

UNO board, 4- Channel 5V relay Module and HC-05 Bluetooth module. A Smartphone is used to

provide communication between Arduino UNO board and Bluetooth module using a Smartphone

application named as Arduino Bluetooth Control Device (AMR). In this project, Bluetooth module

HC05 and Arduino Uno board are used for hardware implementation. The Bluetooth module

communicates with the microcontrollers using serial communication. It has a frequency of

2.45GHz. Arduino Uno microcontroller interprets user instructions and Relay module manages the

device switching, Bluetooth used wireless technology for data transfer, establishes the connection

between the microprocessor and the Smartphone for automation of home appliances (bulb, socket

and others).

DESCRIPTION OF HARDWARE USED

3.4.1 ARDUINO UNO BOARD

Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a

microcontroller) and software, or Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that runs on a

computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board. The Arduino uno is a

microcontroller board on the AT mega 328p. it has 14 Digital input/output pins (of which 6 can

used as PWM outputs), 6 analogs Inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power

jack, an ICPS Header, and a reset button. it contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller. Simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an Ac to Dc

adapter or battery to get started.

Figure 3.4.1 Arduino uno

SOME FEATURES OF ARDUINO UNO

Microcontroller ATmega328p IC

Operating Voltage 5v

Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12v

Input voltage (limits) 6-20v

Digital I/O Pin 14

Analog Input Pins 6

Dc Current Per I/O Pin 40mA

Dc Current For 3.3v Pin 50mA

Flash Memory 32KB of which 0.5KB used by Boot Loader

SRAM 2KB

EEPROM 1KB

Clock Speed 16MHZ

THE POWER PINS ARE AS FOLLOWS:

• VIN: The input voltage to the Adriano board when it's using an external power source (as

opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can

supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it

through this pin.

• 5V: This pin 5V from the regulator on the board. The board can be supplied with power

either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V outputs a regulated), the USB connector (5V), or

the VIN pin of the board (7-12V).

• 3V3: A 3.3-volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is

50 mAh.

• GND: Ground pins.

• Memory: The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for the boot loader). It also has 2

KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written with the EEPROM

library).

• Input and Output: Each of the 14 digital pins on the Uno can be used as an input or output,

using pin Mode (), digital Write (), and digital Read () functions. They operate at 5 volts.
 Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mAh and has an internal pull-up resistor

(disconnected by default) of 20-50 kilo-ohms. In addition, some pins have specialized

functions.

• Reset: Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset

button to shields which block the one on the board.

3.4.2 RELAY MODULE 4 -CHANNEL 5V

A relay is defined as an electromechanical switch. Historically, the first relay was used in long

distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers, and they were also used in early computers to perform

logical operations. There are various kinds of relays operating at different voltages. A trigger

voltage is always considered when circuits are designed. When a circuit is built, the voltage that

will trigger it has to be considered. In this paper, the relay circuit is used to turn the appliances

ON/OFF. The high and low voltage signals received by the relay are supplied by the Arduino Uno

microcontroller.

Figure 3.4.2 - 5v 4-channel relay module

3.4.3 BLUETOOTH MODULE HC-05

The means of wireless data exchanging over a short distance is termed Bluetooth technology. It

uses short wavelength UHF radio frequency from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz range. It’s applicable to mobile

devices and personal area networks (PANs). The Bluetooth module being used allows us to

transmit and receive signals. In this design, the transmitted text received by serial port of the

Arduino microcontroller is sent by the Bluetooth through the android smart phone. There are so

many Bluetooth modules available in the market, but HC-05 Bluetooth module is used in this

design. It is s serial port protocol module that is user friendly with a coverage range of 9m

depending on the level of environmental interference. Serial port Bluetooth module is fully

qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz

radio transceiver and baseband. It connects automatically to the last device on power as default

with a slave default band rate of 9600 and pairing pin code of “1234” as default.

Figu
re 3.4.3 - BLUETOOTH MODULE HC-06

3.4.4 JUPER WIRE

Jumper wire is used in the DC power Supply. It is also used for running connections across all
components.

Figure 3.4.4 - JUMPER WIRE

3.4.5 RESISTOR

To enable the efficient operation of Arduino Uno, we have used few resistors, this is to ensure the

safety of some vulnerable hardware which can be burnt due to high voltage, the resistors provide

resistance to high voltage for the sensitive side of the hardware

Figure 3.4.5

3.5 SYSTEM FLOWCHART

This type of diagram depicts how the application that is been developed will flow. It displays a

certain set of symbols that illustrate the actions taken at each stage and justifies the order in which

each step is carried out one after the other. The data flow diagram that follows shows the entire

information process for our project from beginning to end.

Gathering the parts needed for the

Project

Drawing the basic concept

Connect the Arduino Uno and the Bluetooth Module

Program the Arduino

Install an Android System

Control the Arduino using Android

Control home appliance using A Android Phone

nn
Figure 3.5 - SYSTEMnFLOWCHART

3.6 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

The project’s key component is the microcontroller. The diagram shows how voice commands are

obtained from a mobile device’s or computer microphone and then sent on to the Arduino.

Following the Arduino’s execution of the command, the relay board receives the instructions to
turn on or off the home appliances (fan, light) in accordance. When the relay board is turned ON or

OFF, the light, fan, or air condition turns ON or OFF.

Figure 3.6 - BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.7 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

The main reason for this circuit diagram is for better understanding about the all connection of the

system. It is a graphical representation of boards and wires all at once. Our project component is

connected to one another, it demonstrates how the Arduino Uno device is connected to the rest of

the component then connected to the home appliance (light, fan).

Additionally, a Bluetooth module is connected, and it is this module’s job to receive signals from

the mobile application.

 Figure 3.7 - SYSTEM CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM REFERENCE

Amrutha, S., Aravind, S., Ansu M., Sugathan, S., Rajasree, R., and Priyalakshmi, S. (2015).

Voice Controlled Smart Home, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced

Engineering.5 (1), PP. 272-273

Akbar satria, M. l. (2015).the frame work of home automation system based on smart home.

Aqeel-ur-Rehman, R. A. (2014). Voice Controlled Home Automation System for the Elderly or
Disabled People. Journal of Applied Environmental, 10.

Ashritha, B. S. (2019). Voice Controlled Home Automation System. International Research

Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 5.

AwadallaTaifour Ali, E. B. (April 2017). Voice Recognition Based Smart Home Control System.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions, 5.

AnuragPandey, Umesh Mishra, AkashChaubey College of Engineering, Mira

Road (E), Thane, Maharashtra, India Voice Controlled Home Automation

International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 7,

March 2017

Arthi J.E. and Jagadeeswari M. (2014). Control of Electrical Appliances Through

Voice Commands, Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 9(1), PP.

13-14

B.BHavani, T. a. (2013).a sustainable automated system for elderly people using voice

reconition and touch screen technology. Internal journal of science and research, 2.

Barbu, T. (July 2009). Comparing various voice recognition techniques.Conference Paper, 26.

Dipali D. Ghorpade, a. A. (2016).IoT based smart home automation using renewable

energy sources.

Devarsh and kodgire (2016). Speech Recognition System for Voice Controlled

Devices, International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology,

6(3), PP. 457

estes, A. c. (n.d.). The history on everything wireless.

Experimental Evaluation of Speech Recognition Technologies for Voice-based.(n.d.).

GauravJadhav, K. J. (2016). Environment Monitoring System using Raspberry-Pi.

GayatriR.Shinde, J. N. (July 2015). Voice and Non Voice Control Based Wireless.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,An ISO 3297:

2007 Certified Organization), 5.

HumaidAlShu’eili, G. S. (17-19 May 2011). Voice Recognition Based Wireless Home

Automation. 2011 4th International Conference on Mechatronics (ICOM), 6.

InamUllah Khan, M. A. (2017). Voice Controlled Home Automation System. International

Journal of Research in computer and communication Technology T, Vol 6,

Issue- 5, 8.

Jain Aayush, A. S. (n.d.).VOICE RECOGNITION USING MATLAB. INSTITUTE OF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY GAUTAM BUDDH

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, 63.

Jinn-KweiGuo, C.-L. L.-Y.-J. (September 2009). Interactive Voice-Controller Applied to Home

Automation.conference paper, 10.

M.Jagadeswari, A. J. (2014).Control of electrical appliance through voice commands.IOSR

Journal of electrical and electronics engineering, 5.
Marlon Jose and, D. B. (2015). VOICE RECOGNITION BASED HOME AUTOMATION
SYSTEM USING ANDROID AND ARDUINO. XVII ENMC VI ECTM, 10.

Mewada, A., Mishra, A., Gupta, M., Dash, R., and Mulla, N. (2016). Voice Controlled Home

Automation, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software

Engineering, 6(3), PP. 161-162

Michel Vacher, B. L. (n.d.). Experimental Evaluation of Speech Recognition Technologies for

Voice-based.1LIG, UMR5217 UJF/CNRS/Grenoble-INP/UPMF,, 7.

Pranav, B., Vedant, R., and Aditya R. (2016), Voice Controlled Home Automation, International

Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 3(4), PP.

2717-2718.

Prof. K. K. Mathew, P. B. (April 2016). VOICE CONTROLLED HOME AUTOMATION.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 4.

Rajesh KhannaMegalingan, R. N. (2011). Automated voice based home navigation

system for the elderly and the physically challenged. International conference on

advanced communication technology, (p. 5).Seoul.

Rosslin R.J. and Kim, T,-H. (2010), Applications, Systems and Methods in Smart Home

Technology, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology

15(3), PP 37-47.
 CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This chapter provides a detailed breakdown, the results of the voice activation control system
which was tested using different methods. The discussion attempts to highlight the results, the
benefits, pros and cons of the results obtained in this project and the general flexibility of the
system.

4.0 Results

Three persons with completely different intonations and of different age groups were used to test
the reliability of the voice (speech) recognition application and its effectiveness so as to test the
systems switching mechanism. Each person said the controlling command about six times (ON
thrice and OFF thrice) to test the response accuracy of the system. A table was compiled to show a
data sheet of the results retrieved from the voice (Speech) test.

Commands Number of persons Used for the voice test (Out of 6 total commands
each)

Person(s) A B C

Avatar, Turn ON/OFF 4 3 5

Bedroom Light

Avatar, Turn ON/OFF 5 4 4

Living Room Light

Avatar, Turn ON/OFF 6 4 6

Kitchen Light

Avatar, Turn ON/OFF 6 6 6

FAN

Avatar, Turn ON/OFF 5 6 3

All Lights

The table above provides a well detailed data overview of the commands spoken by the three
different people that were picked to test the feasibility of the voice (speech) recognition of the
system. Each command corresponds with the various lighting points and electrical device that can
be turned ON or OFF using voice (speech) command. To give a command to each individual
lighting point, including the electrical fan, a preprogrammed AI virtual assistant called “Avatar” is
summoned then the ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ speech command is spoken immediately after. This can be
seen from the way each item (speech commands) has been very well detailed under the command
section of the data table. The other columns, A, B and C represents each individual person used to
carry out the speech command tests and below each individual column is the total number of times
each person spoke the ON/OFF command into the corresponding system., supported by means of
the AMR software interface integrated on the Android phone. The “Turn ON’ all appliances voice
command switches on all appliances connected to the relay whereas the ‘Turn OFF’ voice
command all appliances switches off all electrical Points.

Electrical Points Commands

ON OFF Total

Bedroom 5 7 12

Living Room 7 8 13

Kitchen 9 7 16

Electric Fan 9 9 18

All 8 7 14
Table 4.2 above shows a vivid breakdown of the results obtained from table 4.1. In this table, two
different columns for the ON and OFF sequences have been formulated with a detailed breakdown
on the total number of successful responses per command sequence.

While testing the system, all electrical points were successfully turned ON/OFF using the AMR
voice (speech) interface supported by the ATmega 328p microcontroller. Below are visual results
obtained from the practical working principle.

4.1 Discussion

The system prototype was successfully designed, constructed and implemented. From table 4.1 and
4.2, the results obtained provide an accurate data of the number of times the voice (speech)
command was successfully implemented. For this test, a number of three different people of
different age groups and tribal backgrounds were selected to test the seamless flexibility between
the AMR software interface and the programmed Arduino Microcontroller (ATmega 328p) to see
how the system performs and responds to these commands. The initial distance recorded between
the microphone on the android phone and the system was about 2 meters. After a series of
successful and failed responses, additional distances (5meters, 10meters, 20meters and 25meters)
were covered to test the range compatibility between the android phone and the Bluetooth module
in the system. When the voice commands were issued, it was discovered that the users had to
speak quite audibly and faster for the system to respond accurately. After this bypassing this
temporary limitation, the success rate of the system was concluded at an efficiency of 95%.

During the process of system testing, the arduino microcontroller (AT mega 328p) seemed to take
a while (10 seconds) before processing each commands transmission sent from the AMR software
Engine. In addition to this, it was also discovered that a user’s voice command could not be
recognized due to certain conditions such as;

Background Noise

Inaudible speech command

Speech deficiency

Intonation

Therefore, under these conditions the success rate of the AMR software interface was calculated at
an efficiency rate of 82%. Nevertheless, the system reached all expectations by demonstrating a
relevant flexibility in adapting to different scenarios and ascents while properly responding to user
requests. During the process of building this system prototype, several benefits as well as
challenges were discovered;

4.1.1 Benefits
From the results curate above, it is quite evident the flexibility of the system in terms of controlling
home appliances just by the use of the human voice. The user is relieved of the stress of operating
conventional switches and remote control with just the use of their voice from any corner of the
home. Also the user need not worry about the immense knowledge of the English language, rather
just by saying the electrical point name and the corresponding command assigned to that particular
point and telling it to turn ON or OFF will enable the user have full control of the system. Though
this system was designed to generally reduce human effort and improve comfort, it would be of
much more importance to the elderly and people with disabilities. It would enable them control
much of the home without having to move about the place or stress themselves too much.

The AMR Android application installed has a great user interface and impeccable user experience
which helps the user to understand its functionalities and in a small amount of time. This system
has been designed with cost effective materials which makes its scalability quite easier as the
device can be incorporated into any building or homes of any structure and design using electrical
appliances.

4.1.2 Challenges

In as much as the immense access rate recorded during the implementation of this project, some
challenges were faced as well. For the AMR voice command, when making a speech command,
series of wrong voice sequences were outputted due to background noise conditions, inaudible
speech commands etc. also the issue of delay between the arduino microcontroller and the voice
command.
 CHAPTER 5

5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Considering the inevitable and ambiguous changes around the globe, while the human population

keeps getting older coupled with other natural disparities, advancements in technology continues to

grow rapidly in different sectors. But, in this project a common sector has been highlighted, which

is the home automation system based on android voice recognition. This system is targeted

specifically at the elderly and physically impaired people while catering towards the needs of the

general public as well. The prototype developed has been designed in such a way that it can

control electrical devices in a home such as the electric bulbs, switches, electric fan, door locks etc.

The system implements an automatic speech recognition engine known as the Adaptive Multi Rate

(AMR) speech through series of programming codes and training voice commands. The system

also implements the wireless network using a wireless Bluetooth module for efficiency, low power

consumption and long distance range (50 meters). The mode of implementation utilized in this
project was technically selected to make the system as user-friendly as possible and therefore the

preliminary test results are promising. During the course of this project some factors were

procured;

5.1 PROS

This proposed system is able to provide many advantages, some of which include;

 Safety

 Security

 Improved Comfort

 Cost Savings.

 Seamless scalability and flexibility.

5.2 LIMITATIONS

During the course of developing this prototype, there were not many problems encountered but,

given that this system isn’t ideal some issues were bound to occur some of which are;

 The voice recognition system recognizes error in response to background noise, and

requires absolute silence to work properly else it could pick noise signals and produce error

in response.

 The receiver and transmitter circuits will work only at a voltage range of 3.37v-9v, so

batteries and voltage regulators used were of good quality and carefully kept under check.

5.3 FUTURE WORKS

The opportunities of advancements in home automation are vast and endless. It has made it very

easy and efficient to incorporate almost everything in our daily work activities into this system to

make it work seamlessly and make them smarter, so as to enable the system carry out tasks on its

own. In line with this very project some other possible advancements of this system arfe;

i. To enable the control of homes with solar power and other renewable systems via Android

application.

ii. To enable the control of other home appliances like the coffee machine, washing machine

etc.

iii. This system can be extended to manage automated inventory system.

iv. Incorporating other home security systems to this system to make the home safer.

5.4 RECOMMENDATIONS

i. For the system to be effective to different ethnicities on the African continent there needs to

be clear sets of libraries in the Android application to allow the incorporation of the Igbo

language and other native languages in the country and on the continent.

ii. Introduction of a user identification function to the voice recognition software as a type of

authentication process so as to prevent unauthorized access.

 REFERENCE

Amrutha, S., Aravind, S., Ansu M., Sugathan, S., Rajasree, R., and Priyalakshmi, S. (2015).

Voice Controlled Smart Home, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced

Engineering.5(1), PP. 272-273

Akbar satria, M. l. (2015).the frame work of home automation system based on smart home.

Aqeel-ur-Rehman, R. A. (2014). Voice Controlled Home Automation System for the Elderly or
Disabled People. Journal of Applied Environmental, 10.

Ashritha, B. S. (2019). Voice Controlled Home Automation System. International Research

Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 5.
AwadallaTaifour Ali, E. B. (April 2017). Voice Recognition Based Smart Home Control System.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions, 5.

AnuragPandey, Umesh Mishra, AkashChaubey College of Engineering, Mira

Road (E), Thane, Maharashtra, India Voice Controlled Home Automation

International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 7,

March 2017

Arthi J.E. and Jagadeeswari M. (2014). Control of Electrical Appliances Through

Voice Commands, Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 9(1), PP.

13-14

B.BHavani, T. a. (2013).a sustainable automated system for elderly people using voice

reconition and touch screen technology. Internal journal of science and research, 2.

Barbu, T. (July 2009). Comparing various voice recognition techniques. Conference Paper, 26.

Dipali D. Ghorpade, a. A. (2016).IoT based smart home automation using renewable

energy sources.

Devarsh and kodgire (2016). Speech Recognition System for Voice Controlled

Devices, International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology,

6(3), PP. 457

estes, A. c. (n.d.). The history on everything wireless.

 GLOSSARY

Name Description

AMR Adaptive Multi Rate which is a speech

recognition software used on the android phone
APIs Stands for Application Programming Interface
which is basically a software intermediary that
allows two applications to communicate with
each other.

Arduino Uno This is an open source board based on the

microchip ATmega 328p microcontroller
developed by Arduino-cc and is used to
perform digital and analog inputs/outputs.

Energia This is an open source and community driven

integrated development environment (IDE) and
software framework. It provides an intuitive
coding environment as well as a robust
framework of easy-to-use functional APIs and
libraries for programming a microcontroller.

HMM These are statistical models which are a

recurring theme in computational biology. It is
a process of putting the right label on each
residue which is dubbed as biological sequence
analysis.

IT Stands for information Technology. It is the

use of computers to create, process, store,
retrieve and exchange all kinds of data and
information.
LCD A liquid-crystal-display is a flat display or
other electronically modulated optical device
that uses light modulating properties of liquid
crystals combined with polarizer’s.

Raspberry pi This is a type of microcontroller used for

learning programming skills, building
hardware projects, home automation, edge
computing etc.

VR Stands for voice recognition. It is a computer

analysis of the human voice, especially for the
purpose of interpreting words and phrases or
identifying an individual’s voice.

VGA SYSTEM Stands for video graphics array. It is an analog

interface between a personal computer and
monitor that is widely used prior to display
port, high definition multimedia interface
(HDMI) etc.
 APPENDECIES

Appendix A – Bill Of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation (BEME)

ITEM QUANTITY PRICE PER UNIT TOTAL PRICE

Arduino Uno 1 17,500 17,500

(ATmega 328p)
5v 4 channel Relay 2 7,500 15,000
Module

Hc-06 Bluetooth 1 25,000 25,000

Module

Jumper Wires

Electric Fan 1 2,000 2,000

Cable Plug 1 300 300

Cable Wire (3 yards) 1

Power Adapter 1 2000 2000

Lamp Holder 1 300 300

Electric Bulb 2 300 600

Patress Box 1 1,500 1,500

Cable Connecter 1 300 300

Soldering Lead 1 1,500 1,500

Android Phone 1 76,000 76,000

LCD Screen 1 2,000 2,000

MT 18650 4300MAH 2 1,000 2,000

Batteries

Battery Charger 1 1,500 1,500

Total

Appendix B - Code